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Antimicrobial use at a multi-disciplinary hospital.
CONCLUSIONS: During the analyzed periods we observed some improvement in the sensitivity of the main pathogens to antibiotics. At the same time, the resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones increased.Limitations of the studyThere are many other than antibiotic use factors, which influence these results. Further analysis is planned to be carried out. Nevertheless, this analysis makes us believe that we are, probably, on the right path for improving the use of antibacterial drugs. PMID: 26639689 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine - December 9, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Int J Risk Saf Med Source Type: research

Pharmacoeconomic and clinical aspect of a sequential intravenous to oral therapy plan in an acute geriatric ward
Conclusions Pharmaceutical intervention based on a SAT achieved reduction of the length of treatment of antibiotic IV treatment and thus also achieved a reduction in treatment costs. The intervention was not associated to an increase in relapse and was therefore efficient and cost effective.
Source: European Geriatric Medicine - December 15, 2015 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Pericardial Salmonella with Cardiac Tamponade and Ventricular Wall Rupture: A Case Report
Discussion In our review of literature, only 19 cases of NTS pericarditis have been reported. Prior to our case, salmonellosis resulting in ventricular rupture has been reported once. Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial in minimizing morbidity and mortality. Clinical suspicion based on electrocardiogram and hemodynamic assessment is critical in suspecting pericardial effusion in a patient with nonspecific symptoms and Salmonella bacteremia. The key to recovery involves aggressive treatment, including pericardiectomy and antibiotic treatment.
Source: Annals of Medicine and Surgery - March 28, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Order Permitting Emergency Dispensing of Oral Formulations of Ciprofloxacin and Waiver of CGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) Requirements During an Anthrax Emergency
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 04/13/2016This six-page document is the order to permit emergency dispensing of Food and Drug Administration-approved oral dosage forms of ciprofloxacin products ("eligible ciprofloxacin products") for the post-exposure prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax during an emergency involving Bacillus (B.) anthracis, the biological agent that causes anthrax disease. It will allow stakeholders to implement plans for emergency dispensing of eligible ciprofloxacin products without individual prescriptions in the future if they reasonably believe there is a need to do so because of their constituents...
Source: Disaster Lit: Resource Guide for Disaster Medicine and Public Health - April 15, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Authors: The U.S. National Library of Medicine Source Type: news

Ciprofloxacin Dry Powder for Inhalation in Patients with Noncystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and in Healthy Volunteers
Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery - July 21, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Heino Stass Johannes Nagelschmitz Dominik Kappeler Knut Sommerer Claudius Kietzig Boris Weimann Source Type: research

Quantitation of antibiotic resistance genes pollution in hospital waste water effluent and Urban Clinton River Water, Michigan, USA
In this study, we evaluated the occurrence of three common groups of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and their resistance genes in the hospital effluent and urban river as possible sources. A total of 156 bacteria were isolated from upstream and downstream of hospital waste-water treatment plant. Waste water samples were analyzed for the copy number of three groups of ESBL; SHV, TEM and CTX-M-1 genes. The bacteria isolated were approximately 40–65% resistant to cefotaxime, 25–40% to chloramphenicol, 30–40% to tetracycline, 25–65% to ciprofloxacin and finally 30–50% to gentamicin. Of these 156 bacteria, 34...
Source: Current Medicine Research and Practice - August 9, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Chestnut Sign: Metronidazole-induced Encephalopathy
A 76-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented in a depressive state, with dysarthria and difficulty walking. The patient had been diagnosed with prostate abscess 10  days earlier, for which ciprofloxacin and metronidazole had been initiated. Within 7 days after initiating antibiotic therapy, the patient reported feelings of depression and loss of appetite, followed by unsteady gait and difficulty speaking. On arrival, neurological examination revealed nystagm us at lateral gazes, saccadic pursuit, dysarthria, truncal ataxia, and a wide-based gait, all of which were consistent with a cerebellar disorder.
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - September 18, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Akira Kuriyama Tags: Visual Diagnosis in Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Ciprofloxacin Dry Powder for Inhalation in Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and in Healthy Volunteers
Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery Feb 2017, Vol. 30, No. 1: 53-63.
Source: Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery - January 24, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Heino Stass Johannes Nagelschmitz Dominik Kappeler Knut Sommerer Claudius Kietzig Boris Weimann Source Type: research

High frequency of MRSA in surgical site infections and elevated vancomycin MIC
Conclusion The findings of this study show a high frequency of MRSA in SSIs. Due to the elevated MIC of vancomycin, we suggest consumption of other effective drugs for the treatment of SSIs.
Source: Wound Medicine - January 25, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

The consistency of antibiotic resistance' results in two methods of disk diffusion and MIC in isolated organisms from patients with urinary tract infections.
Conclusions: Due to the low sensitivity and specificity of the disk diffusion method, antibiotic therapy should be certainly considered in clinical conditions, and risk factors for the infection and only by this approach cannot prescribe the drug. PMID: 28316745 [PubMed]
Source: Journal of Medicine and Life - March 23, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: J Med Life Source Type: research

Antibiotic-potentiating activity, phytochemical profile, and cytotoxicity of Acalypha integrifolia Willd. (Euphorbiaceae)
Publication date: Available online 14 March 2017 Source:Journal of Herbal Medicine Author(s): Roumita Seebaluck-Sandoram, Namrita Lall, Bianca Fibrich, Analike Blom van Staden, Fawzi Mahomoodally Acalypha integrifolia Willd. (Euphorbiaceae) (AI), an indigenous medicinal plant of the Mascarene Islands is traditionally used to manage infectious diseases. The authors aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, antibiotic-potentiating activity and cytotoxicity of AI. Decoction as traditionally used and organic extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) of AI leaves were screened for their antimicrobial activity ...
Source: Journal of Herbal Medicine - March 29, 2017 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

Not all febrile critical illness with rash is infective: Drug reaction may be a mimic
We report a case of ciprofloxacin-related drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) which was initially diagnosed and managed on the line of tropical fever. Later, a diagnosis of definite case of DRESS was made according to the RegiSCAR scoring system and the patient was managed with the removal of ciprofloxacin along with steroids. DRESS is a great masquerader. The diagnosis should be highly suspected in the presence of fever, skin rash, liver involvement, and hypereosinophilia.
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - April 11, 2017 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Ashok Kumar Pannu MB Adarsh Navneet Sharma Source Type: research

Neonatal sepsis in a Nigerian private tertiary hospital: Bacterial isolates, risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns
Conclusion: We highlight the prevalent pathogens in our local facility to be a combination of CONS, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae with susceptibility patterns showing meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin to be our most effective antimicrobials in vitro.
Source: Annals of African Medicine - April 27, 2017 Category: African Health Authors: Emmanuel Olushola Shobowale Adaobi U Solarin Charles John Elikwu Kenneth Ikenna Onyedibe Ibironke J Akinola Abiodun A Faniran Source Type: research

A study of 24 patients with colistin-resistant Gram-negative isolates in a tertiary care hospital in South India
Conclusions: Colistin resistance among Gram-negative bacteria, especially K. pneumoniae, is emerging in Indian hospitals. At least one-third of isolates represented colonization only rather than true infection and did not require treatment. Among patients with true infection, only 25% had a satisfactory outcome and survived to discharge. Fosfomycin, tigecycline, and chloramphenicol may be options for combination therapy.
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - May 16, 2017 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Rajalakshmi Arjun Ram Gopalakrishnan P Senthur Nambi D Suresh Kumar R Madhumitha V Ramasubramanian Source Type: research

Model Calculations of Regional Deposition and Disposition for Single Doses of Inhaled Liposomal and Dry Powder Ciprofloxacin
Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery - July 14, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Andrew R. Martin Warren H. Finlay Source Type: research