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Antimicrobial Resistance Diversity Suggestive of Distinct Salmonella Typhimurium Sources or Selective Pressures in Food-Production Animals
In this study, a “species” is defined as a unique AMR profile, including the profile corresponding to susceptibility to all tested antimicrobials. The AMR profile (or antibiogram) of an isolate is the combination of AMR phenotype (susceptible or non-susceptible) to each drug tested. SR reflects the richness of AMR profiles without weighting of abundance. SE and SD are measures in which both SR and relative abundance are taken into account. The BP diversity index is related to the proportion of isolates with the most common AMR profile.
Changes in antimicrobial testing protocol could impact upon results, part...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Substantial Contribution of SmeDEF, SmeVWX, SmQnr, and Heat Shock Response to Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of “Gene Recombinant Experiment Applications” and “Biological Materials Applications,” Biosafety Committee, National Yang-Ming University. The protocol was approved by the Biosafety Committee. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Results
FQ Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates
To investigate the underlying FQ resistance mechanisms of S. maltophilia, 125 clinical isolates were selected from different sources (sputum, 75; aspirate of respiratory tract, 19; blood, 9; urine, 6; p...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Microbial Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile in Microbiota From Soils of Conventional and Organic Farming Systems
According to this study it may be outlined that soil microbiota is a stable component as it were detected similar composition of microorganisms in soil both in organic as well as in conventional farming systems with similar soil structure and pH. The different amount of phosphorus in soils had no influence on bacterial variety at a genera level although more investigations would be useful to investigate changes among separate species. During evolution microorganisms adapted to survive in ecosystems independently of certain changes and probably serve as a buffer for ecological niches. It is unclear, however, what level of i...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Burden of and factors associated with poor quality antibiotic, antimalarial, antihypertensive and antidiabetic medicines in Malawi
by Francis Kachidza Chiumia, Happy Magwaza Nyirongo, Elizabeth Kampira, Adamson Sinjani Muula, Felix Khuluza
ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and factors associated with substandard and falsified (SF) medicines among antibiotic, antimalarial, antihypertensive and antidiabetic medicines in Malawi. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in 23 public, faith-based and private health facilities in Zomba, Machinga and Nsanje districts. We analyzed oral medicine samples of commonly used medicines among antibiotics, antimalarial, antihypertensive and antidiabetics in accordance with Malawi Essential Medicines List and local ...
Source: PLoS One - December 27, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Francis Kachidza Chiumia Source Type: research
7-day Antibiotic Treatment is Noninferior to 14 Days in Afebrile Men with UTI
Dr. Modha
Clinical question: Are 14 days of antibiotic treatment better than 7 days in afebrile men with urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Background: In the era of antibiotic stewardship, a large body of evidence has led to treating various infections (e.g., pneumonia, UTI in women, cellulitis, etc.) with shorter durations of antibiotics. Shorter treatment durations increase compliance, reduce cost as well as adverse effects, and help control the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Study design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, noninferiority trial
Setting: Two U.S. Veterans Affairs medical centers in Minneapol...
Source: The Hospitalist - April 3, 2023 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Ronda Whitaker Tags: Drug Therapy In the Literature Source Type: research
Vaccination Is the Best Bet Against Drug-Resistant Superbugs — Experts
Experts encourage parents to vaccinate their children against typhoid to ensure that the child has access to clean drinking water. Credit: Zofeen Ebrahim/IPS By Zofeen EbrahimKARACHI, Jul 6 2023 (IPS) The first thing you notice about eight-month-old Manahil Zeeshan is how tiny she looks on the adult-size hospital bed at the government-run Sindh Institute of Child Health and Neonatology (SICHN) in Korangi, a neighbourhood in Karachi.
Her right foot is taped with a cannula, and she whimpers incessantly. “I have been in and out of the hospital for the last seven days,” said Uzma Mohammad, Zeeshan’s mom, with worry lines...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - July 6, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Zofeen Ebrahim Tags: Africa Civil Society Development & Aid Editors' Choice Featured Headlines Health Humanitarian Emergencies Inequality Poverty & SDGs TerraViva United Nations IPS UN Bureau IPS UN Bureau Report Pakistan Source Type: news
Antibiotics Side Effects on the Mitochondria
Science is just beginning to understand how important your mitochondria are to warding off the diseases of aging. And, as usual, mainstream medicine is lagging way behind.
Along with your telomeres, the cellular time keepers at the ends of your chromosomes, your mitochondria are another key component of the anti-aging equation.
You see, these tiny organelles in your cells are the power plants that turn fuel into energy for your body. Healthy mitochondria keep you young and energetic.
Research shows that damaged mitochondria can lead to:
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder;
Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease; ...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - March 25, 2016 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Al Sears Tags: Natural Cures Source Type: news
Non-surgical interventions for late rectal problems (proctopathy) of radiotherapy in people who have received radiotherapy to the pelvis.
CONCLUSIONS: Although some interventions for late radiation proctopathy look promising (including rectal sucralfate, metronidazole added to an anti-inflammatory regimen, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy), single small studies provide limited evidence. Furthermore, outcomes important to people with cancer, including quality of life (QoL) and long-term effects, were not well recorded. The episodic and variable nature of late radiation proctopathy requires large multi-centre placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) to establish whether treatments are effective. Future studies should address the possibility of associated injury to other ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 24, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: van de Wetering FT, Verleye L, Andreyev HJ, Maher J, Vlayen J, Pieters BR, van Tienhoven G, Scholten RJ Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria hinders treatment of kidney infections
The increase in illnesses and deaths linked to medication-resistant bacteria has been well-documented by researchers and received extensive public attention in recent years. Now, UCLA-led research shows how these bacteria are making it more difficult to treat a common but severe kidney infection.Pyelonephritis — infection of the kidney usually caused by E. coli bacteria and which can start as a urinary tract infection — causes fever, back pain and vomiting. About half of people infected require hospitalization. If not treated with effective antibiotics, it can cause sepsis and death.In a UCLA-led study based on data f...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 16, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news
Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Determinants, and Biofilm Formation of Enterococcus Species From Ready-to-Eat Seafood
Conclusion
This study revealed that Enterococcus species with biofilm potentials and extracellular virulence properties extensively occur in retail RTE shrimps. A significant number of isolated strains are resistant to antibiotics and harbor resistant and virulent genes, denoting a significant route of resistance and virulence dissemination to bacteria in humans. There is an inadequate understanding of the intricacies of antibiotic-resistant enterococci of food origin that belong to enterococci aside from E. faecium and E. faecalis. Findings from this study reveal detailed antibiotic resistance of E. durans, E. casselifla...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The Case Files: ‘It Whistles When I Pee’
Price, James; Bachmann, Daniel MD; Neltner, Kurt MD; Dick, Mike MD
A 65-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of “it whistles when I pee.” The patient complained of a two-day history of gross hematuria and dysuria but denied flank, back, and abdominal pain. He described a two-week history of air coming from the urethral meatus at the end of urination.
He also reported that he had been treated with ciprofloxacin for two weeks for a urinary tract infection, which he finished one week prior to presentation. The patient had been seen five months previously with diverticulitis and perfora...
Source: The Case Files - August 26, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research
The Case Files: A Rare Case of Labial Fusion
By Prahl, Robert DO; Gebhard, Michelle DO; McGerald, Genevieve DO, and Klein, Richard MD
An 85-year-old woman presented to the emergency department complaining of lower abdominal pain and the inability to urinate for two days. The patient was previously seen in the emergency department for urinary difficulties and diagnosed with labial adhesions and urinary tract infection; she was discharged with a prescription for ciprofloxacin.
Her review of systems was otherwise negative on this visit. She was taking oxybutynin for urinary incontinence but denied use of any other medications. The patient had suprapubic tenderness wi...
Source: The Case Files - June 16, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research
The Case Files: The Killer Ticker: Left Neck Pain
By Ung, Lyncean DO; Sattler, Steve DO; Segerivas, Doni Marie DO
A 50-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease, multiple myocardial infarctions, and diabetes mellitus presented with persistent left-sided neck pain for three weeks after having an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placed via his left subclavian vein. His pain was described as constant, nonradiating, and 5/10 on the pain scale. There were no modifying factors. He was evaluated one week prior for the same pain, which included an electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, and measurement of cardiac markers (Troponin I, CKMB, and CPK). All result...
Source: The Case Files - June 10, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research
Prostatic Abscess in a Diabetic Patient
By Tamara Halaweh, MD, & Ashish Panchal, MD
A 53-year-old man with fair control of his diabetes presented with three-and-a-half weeks of scrotal pain. He reported difficulty sitting, and complained of significant dysuria and inability to initiate a urine stream. He was also constipated, but had no fevers or chills.
A rectal exam was consistent with an exquisitely tender and boggy prostate and significant perineal tenderness. His labs were consistent with a leukocytosis of 20,000. A CT scan with rectal contrast displayed a prostate abscess measuring 5.6 x 6.2 x 6.1 cm in maximum dimensions with extension into the ...
Source: The Case Files - January 7, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research
What do consumers want to know about antibiotics? Analysis of a medicines call centre database
Conclusions.
Consumers’ knowledge gaps and concerns about antibiotics vary with age, and certain antibiotics generate greater concern relative to their usage. Clinicians should target medicines information to proactively address consumer concerns.
Source: Family Practice - January 19, 2016 Category: Primary Care Authors: Hawke, K. L., McGuire, T. M., Ranmuthugala, G., van Driel, M. L. Tags: Health Service Research Source Type: research
