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Drug: Nicotine

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Total 2454 results found since Jan 2013.

Smoking cessation with counselling and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): a randomized controlled trial
CONCLUSIONS TCM could be an effective treatment for smoking cessation when used as a single technique and especially combined with counselling. Further studies are needed to determine its efficacy.
Source: Acupuncture and Related Therapies - June 2, 2016 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

Questioning Nicotine Replacement Therapy Without Behavioral Support
To the Editor We enjoyed reading the article by Cunningham et al in a recent issue of JAMA Internal Medicine that demonstrated an effect of mailing smokers nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) without behavioral support on 6-month abstinence from smoking. One important reason for performing this trial, as noted by the authors, was that “population survey data comparing those who used NRT (obtained over-the-counter) during a quit attempt and those who did not use NRT has found no association between use of NRT and an increase in success rates.”(p185) This statement refers to a cross-sectional study and a prospective cohor...
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - June 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Correlates of the use of different tobacco cessation methods by smokers and smokeless tobacco users according to their socio-demographic characteristics: Global adult tobacco survey (GATS) India 2009-10
Conclusion: The findings of this study have important implications for tobacco cessation service providers in view of supporting their decision of choosing a particular tobacco cessation method for tobacco users according to certain kinds of sociodemographic characteristics.
Source: Indian Journal of Community Medicine - June 6, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Rohini Ruhil Source Type: research

Socio-economic status in relation to smoking: The role of (expected and desired) social support and quitter identity
Conclusion The results suggest that developing ways to stimulate the social environment to provide adequate support for smokers who intend to quit, and developing ways to strengthen identification with quitting in smokers may help smokers to quit successfully. Findings further suggest that the possible-self as a quitter is more important than the current-self as a smoker.
Source: Social Science and Medicine - June 14, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

French smoking cessation services provide effective support even to the more dependent
Conclusion With adapted treatment, even the more dependent or less affluent maintained abstinence. Our findings suggest that French cessation services have been successful in providing cessation support. Nevertheless, there is room for improvement in tailoring treatment for some subgroups of smokers.
Source: Preventive Medicine - June 30, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Believing that certain foods are addictive is associated with support for obesity-related public policies
Conclusions Overall, believing that products/behaviors are addictive was associated with support for policies intended to curb their use. If certain foods are found to be addictive, framing them as such may increase obesity-related policy support.
Source: Preventive Medicine - July 4, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Stepwise Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Augments Tendon-Like Tissue Formation and Defect Repair In Vivo
Tendon injuries are common and present a clinical challenge, as they often respond poorly to treatment and result in long-term functional impairment. Inferior tendon healing responses are mainly attributed to insufficient or failed tenogenesis. The main objective of this study was to establish an efficient approach to induce tenogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which are the most common seed cells in tendon tissue engineering. First, representative reported tenogenic growth factors were used as media supplementation to induce BMSC differentiation, and the expression of teno-lineage transcripti...
Source: Stem Cells Translational Medicine - July 19, 2016 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yin, Z., Guo, J., Wu, T.-y., Chen, X., Xu, L.-l., Lin, S.-e., Sun, Y.-x., Chan, K.-M., Ouyang, H., Li, G. Tags: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Mesenchymal Stem Cells Source Type: research

Effect of a smoking cessation intervention for women in subsidized neighborhoods: A randomized controlled trial
Conclusions This CBPR developed intervention showed potential to engage smokers and reduce smoking among women in these high-poverty neighborhoods. Effectiveness in promoting cessation in communities burdened with fiscal, environmental and social inequities remains a public health priority.
Source: Preventive Medicine - July 20, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Editorial Commentary: Nicotine in electronic cigarettes: Cardiovascular harm reduction, not elimination
In this issue of Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, Benowitz and Burbank [1] offer a fresh look at potential consequences of chronic exposure to an old drug, nicotine, in a relatively new delivery system, electronic cigarettes, also called electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). This timely state-of-the-science piece on nicotine and cardiovascular disease frames an important component of the ongoing debate about prolonged use of non-combustible (smokeless) nicotine products and harm reduction: how safe are they? The review focuses appropriately on the implications of this question vis- à-vis ENDS, whose use continues...
Source: Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine - April 3, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hilary Aurora Tindle, Matthew S. Freiberg Source Type: research

Justice, Courage, and Truthfulness: Virtues That Medical Trainees Can and Must Learn.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Medical educators and powerful physician organizations agree on the importance of professionalism for the formation of good physicians. However, the many definitions of professionalism found in the literature lack content and differ significantly, undermining attempts to describe and implement professionalism curricula. The work of the contemporary moral philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre on the virtues may help provide some of the content that the concept of professionalism currently lacks. MacIntyre shows the importance of the virtues, particularly justice, courage, and truthfulness, for the suc...
Source: Famly Medicine - June 30, 2016 Category: Primary Care Authors: Karches KE, Sulmasy DP Tags: Fam Med Source Type: research

E-cigarette use among women of reproductive age: Impulsivity, cigarette smoking status, and other risk factors
Conclusions E-cigarette use among women of reproductive age varies by smoking status, with use among current smokers reflecting attempts to quit smoking whereas among non-smokers use may be a marker of a more impulsive repertoire that includes greater use of alternative tobacco products and illegal drugs.
Source: Preventive Medicine - August 2, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

The neurobiological and behavioral overlaps of nicotine and food addiction
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2016 Source:Preventive Medicine Author(s): Kristen Criscitelli, Nicole M. Avena Both cigarette smoking and obesity are significant public health concerns and are associated with increased risk of early mortality. It is well established that the mesolimbic dopamine pathway is an important component of the reward system within the brain and is implicated in the development of addiction. Indeed, nicotine and highly palatable foods are capable of altering dopamine release within this system, engendering addictive like responses in susceptible individuals. Although additional researc...
Source: Preventive Medicine - August 6, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Increasing reach by offering choices: Results from an innovative model for statewide services for smoking cessation
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2016 Source:Preventive Medicine Author(s): Paula A. Keller, Barbara A. Schillo, Amy N. Kerr, Rebecca K. Lien, Jessie Saul, Marietta Dreher, Randi B. Lachter Although state quitlines provide free telephone counseling and often include nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), reach remains limited (1–2% in most states). More needs to be done to engage all smokers in the quitting process. A possible strategy is to offer choices of cessation services through quitlines and to reduce registration barriers. In March 2014, ClearWay MinnesotaSM implemented a new model for QUITPLAN® Service...
Source: Preventive Medicine - August 7, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

A nanoparticle-based nicotine vaccine and the influence of particle size on its immunogenicity and efficacy
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2016 Source:Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine Author(s): Zongmin Zhao, Yun Hu, Reece Hoerle, Meaghan Devine, Michael Raleigh, Paul Pentel, Chenming Zhang Traditional hapten-protein conjugate nicotine vaccines have shown less than desired immunological efficacy due to their poor recognition and internalization by immune cells. We developed a novel lipid-polymeric hybrid nanoparticle-based nicotine vaccine to enhance the immunogenicity of the conjugate vaccine, and studied the influence of particle size on its immunogenicity and pharmacokinetic efficacy. The resul...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - August 8, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research

Trends in Use of Medications for Smoking Cessation in Medicare, 2007 –2012
Conclusions Use of smoking-cessation medications among Medicare beneficiaries remains low. Health effects of Medicare policies that increase coverage for medical support for smoking cessation may be limited by low utilization of effective medications.
Source: American Journal of Preventive Medicine - August 16, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research