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Infectious Disease: Parasitic Diseases

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Total 6720 results found since Jan 2013.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of factors associated with anthelmintic resistance in sheep
Conclusions While there is abundant literature on the topic of AHR in sheep GINs, few studies have explicitly investigated the association between putative risk or protective factors and AHR. Consequently, several of the current recommendations on parasite management are not evidence-based. Moreover, many of the studies included in this review had a high or unclear risk of systematic bias, highlighting the need to improve study design and/or reporting of future research carried out in this field.
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - December 10, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

In vitro antifilarial activity of Azadirachta indica aqueous extract through reactive oxygen species enhancement
Conclusion In vitro filaricidal activity of AEA is possibly through disturbing redox homeostasis by down-regulating and altering the level of some key antioxidants and regulatory enzymes like reduced glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase of S. cervi.
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - December 11, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Specific primers design based on the superoxide dismutase b gene for Trypanosoma cruzi as a screening tool: Validation method using strains from Colombia classified according to their discrete typing unit
Conclusions This work reveals the genetic variability of 21 new isolates of T. cruzi in Colombia.Our primers confirmed their specificity for detecting the presence of T. cruzi.
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - December 11, 2014 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Genetic polymorphisms associated with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine drug resistance among Plasmodium falciparum field isolates in malaria endemic areas of Assam
Conclusion: It was noticed that 93.62% (88/94) isolates had mutations in the sequences of both enzymes, which is an indication of prevalence of high grade of Sulphadoxine - pyrimethamine resistance in P. falciparum malaria parasites in Assam.
Source: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine - December 15, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: J SharmaP DuttaSA KhanM SoniD DeyJ Mahanta Source Type: research

In vitro antiplasmodial and HIV-1 neutralization activities of root and leaf extracts from Berberis holstii
Publication date: Available online 5 January 2015 Source:Journal of Herbal Medicine Author(s): Kennedy J. Ngwira , Vinesh J. Maharaj , Quintino A. Mgani The in vitro antiplasmodial activities and HIV neutralizing activities of six crude extracts from the leaves and roots of Berberis holstii were evaluated. The antiplasmodial activities were assessed against a chloroquine sensitive 3D7 strain of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, and the HIV neutralizing activity were assessed against HBX2 and ZM53 pseudovirions. Parasite Lactate Dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay was used to measure parasite viability and Luciferase Re...
Source: Journal of Herbal Medicine - January 6, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

Neurological Diseases of Rabbits and Rodents
Clinical signs of neurological disease, such as head tilt, hind limb paresis or paralysis, seizures, and muscle weakness, are commonly encountered in pet rabbits, and in the authors׳ experience, less often in rodent species. Moreover, localisation of neurological lesions and establishment of a definitive diagnosis can be challenging for any of the exotic small mammal species. In many rabbit and rodent cases, distinguishing neurological disease from musculoskeletal disease is difficult. The parasitic disease encephalitozoonosis is commonly diagnosed in pet rabbits; in both rabbits and rodents, bacterial infections are also...
Source: Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine - December 5, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Anna L. Meredith, Jenna Richardson Tags: Topics in Medicine and Surgery Source Type: research

Characterization and evaluation of amphotericin B loaded MDP conjugated poly(propylene imine) dendrimers
Publication date: Available online 14 January 2015 Source:Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine Author(s): Keerti Jain , Ashwni Kumar Verma , P.R. Mishra , N.K. Jain This paper describes a novel strategy for targeted delivery of amphotericin B (AmB) to macrophages with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) conjugated multimeric poly(propyleneimine) (PPI) dendrimers. Synergistic antiparasitic activity due to immunostimulation by multimeric presentation of MDP on dendrimers was anticipated. MDP conjugated 5.0G PPI (MdPPI) dendrimers were synthesized and characterized. Therapeutic activity and toxicity of dendrimeric formula...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - February 3, 2015 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research

Screening of Imported Infectious Diseases Among Asymptomatic Sub-Saharan African and Latin American Immigrants: A Public Health Challenge.
Abstract Migrants from developing countries are usually young and healthy but several studies report they may harbor asymptomatic infections for prolonged periods. Prevalence of infections were determined in Latin American and sub-Saharan African asymptomatic immigrants seen at a European Tropical Medicine Referral Center from 2000 to 2009. A systematic screening protocol for selected infections was used. Data from 317 sub-Saharan Africans and 383 Latin Americans were analyzed. Patients were mostly young (mean age 29 years); there were significantly more males among sub-Saharan Africans (83% versus 31.6%) and pre-...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - February 2, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Monge-Maillo B, López-Vélez R, Norman FF, Ferrere-González F, Martínez-Pérez Á, Pérez-Molina JA Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

New research: Malaria parasites unlikely to jump from animals to humans
(University of Maryland School of Medicine) In recent years, public health experts have increasingly explored the idea of eliminating the most dangerous malaria-causing parasite. But they have questioned whether getting rid of this species, called Plasmodium falciparum, would allow other species of the parasite to simply jump into the gap and start infecting humans with malaria.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 11, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Medtech meets cleantech: Malaria vaccine candidate produced from algae
(University of California - San Diego) Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine used algae as a mini-factory to produce a malaria parasite protein. The algae-produced protein, paired with an immune-boosting cocktail suitable for use in humans, generated antibodies in mice that nearly eliminated mosquito infection by the malaria parasite. The method, published Feb. 17 by Infection and Immunity, is the newest attempt to develop a vaccine that prevents transmission of the malaria parasite from host to mosquito.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 18, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

The feasibility of testing whether Fasciola hepatica is associated with increased risk of verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli O157 from an existing study protocol
Publication date: Available online 1 March 2015 Source:Preventive Veterinary Medicine Author(s): Graeme L. Hickey , Peter J. Diggle , Tom N. McNeilly , Sue C. Tongue , Margo E. Chase-Topping , Diana J.L. Williams The parasite Fasciola hepatica is a major cause of economic loss to the agricultural community worldwide as a result of morbidity and mortality in livestock, including cattle. Cattle are the principle reservoir of verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157 (VTEC O157), an important cause of disease in humans. To date there has been little empirical research on the interaction between F. hepatica and VTEC O157. It i...
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - March 3, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Offender: Virus or parasite or both
P ChhabraJournal of Postgraduate Medicine 2015 61(2):145-145
Source: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine - March 13, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: P Chhabra Source Type: research

IU scientists discover mechanism that may help parasites manipulate their hosts
(Indiana University) Rodents infected with a common parasite lose their fear of cats, resulting in easy meals for the felines. Now IU School of Medicine researchers have identified a new way the parasite may modify brain cells, possibly helping explain changes in the behavior of mice -- and humans.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - March 18, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

The Hygiene HypothesisThe Hygiene Hypothesis
Laurence Cheng discusses with Medscape the evidence for the 'hygiene hypothesis,' why it's not as simple as feeding bacteria to your kids, and what parasites have to do with it. Medscape Family Medicine
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - April 6, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Family Medicine/Primary Care Article Source Type: news

Exchange transfusion in complicated pediatric malaria: A critical appraisal
Himesh BarmanIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2015 19(4):214-219Complicated falciparum malaria is a killer disease resulting in high mortality in spite of appropriate treatment. Some workers have reported improved survival when adjunct exchange blood transfusion is included in the treatment modality while others opine against it. This review is an effort to address and critically appraise current evidence for the treatment mode for severe malaria. The literature was searched with a specified search strategy to identify reports of children who underwent exchange transfusion for severe malaria. Total 23 children who ...
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - April 6, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Himesh Barman Source Type: research