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Infectious Disease: Parasitic Diseases

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Total 6720 results found since Jan 2013.

Nuancing stigma through ethnography: the case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Suriname
Publication date: February 2016 Source:Social Science & Medicine, Volume 151 Author(s): Sahienshadebie Ramdas, Sjaak van der Geest, Henk D.F.H. Schallig Health-related stigma and its dramatic consequences for those stigmatized have long been a crucial concern for public health authorities globally. However, before concluding that stigma spoils the lives of people with a particular disease or disability and is a major obstacle to obtaining/providing adequate health care, it is necessary to first determine whether there is actual stigmatization related to the condition concerned. The purpose of this article is t...
Source: Social Science and Medicine - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Killer lymphocytes use granulysin, perforin and granzymes to kill intracellular parasites
Nature Medicine 22, 210 (2016). doi:10.1038/nm.4023 Authors: Farokh Dotiwala, Sachin Mulik, Rafael B Polidoro, James A Ansara, Barbara A Burleigh, Michael Walch, Ricardo T Gazzinelli & Judy Lieberman Protozoan infections are a serious global health problem. Natural killer (NK) cells and cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) eliminate pathogen-infected cells by releasing cytolytic granule contents—granzyme (Gzm) proteases and the pore-forming perforin (PFN)—into the infected cell. However, these cytotoxic molecules do not kill intracellular parasites. CD8+ CTLs protect against parasite infections in mice pr...
Source: Nature Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Farokh DotiwalaSachin MulikRafael B PolidoroJames A AnsaraBarbara A BurleighMichael WalchRicardo T GazzinelliJudy Lieberman Tags: Letter Source Type: research

The Presence of Demodex Folliculorum in Various Obese Groups According to BMI Levels.
CONCLUSION: The DF positivity was significantly higher in obese patients in accordance with the physiopathologic nature of the disease. PMID: 26923894 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine - March 1, 2016 Category: Middle East Health Authors: Dokuyucu R, Kaya OA, Yula E, Ustun I, Bayram F, Gokce C Tags: Arch Iran Med Source Type: research

Using the H-index to assess disease priorities for salmon aquaculture
Publication date: Available online 27 February 2016 Source:Preventive Veterinary Medicine Author(s): Alexander G. Murray, Maya Wardeh, K. Marie McIntyre Atlantic salmon’s (Salmo salar) annual aquaculture production exceeds 2M tonnes globally, and for the UK forms the largest single food export. However, aquaculture production is negatively affected by a range of different diseases and parasites. Effort to control pathogens should be focused on those which are most “important” to aquaculture. It is difficult to specify what makes a pathogen important; this is particularly true in the aquatic sector where data cap...
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - March 2, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

February blogs digest: Zika virus, getting published, sepsis, cancer, and more
Zika virus – investigating the outbreak Zika virus has recently been declared a global health emergency following an outbreak detected in Brazil last year. The virus has now moved into more than 20 countries in Latin America, becoming a huge threat, particularly with pregnant women whereby the virus has been linked to microcephaly. We asked Dr Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos, whose laboratory is responsible for confirming Zika virus in Brazil, more about the virus. In addition, we explored the genetic control methods that are ready to be used to control the Zika outbreak. How to get published: top tips from our editors W...
Source: BioMed Central Blog - March 4, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sophie Marchant Tags: Biology Health Medicine blogs digest Source Type: blogs

Mucosal leishmaniasis in Brazilian patients: two case reports with similar clinical presentation and different approaches
Publication date: Available online 10 March 2016 Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology Author(s): Aline Fernanda Cruz, Renata Gonçalves Resende, Daniel Ricaldoni Albuquerque, Júlio César Tanos de Lacerda, Camila Ferreira Leite, Maria Cássia Ferreira Aguiar Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is a chronic infection that affects the upper respiratory tract and/or oral mucosa, caused by Leishmania protozoan parasites. The present study presented two cases of oral leishmaniasis and aims to discuss the different diagnostic strategies and treatments. In the two reports, both patients were male,...
Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology - March 10, 2016 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Antimicrobial and anthelmintic potential of root and leaf extracts of Gazania krebsiana Less. subsp. serrulata (DC.) Roessler: An in vitro assessment
Conclusion The observed effects could be adduced to the presence of active principles as revealed by the phytochemical analysis of the extracts. There is a need for in vivo studies to complement the present findings, the data so far presented have validated and lent scientific support to the applications of G. krebsiana as a vermifuge and antimicrobial agent by the Basotho people of the eastern Free State of South Africa.
Source: European Journal of Integrative Medicine - March 21, 2016 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

Genomes of chimpanzee parasite species reveal evolution of human malaria
(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) An international team used an amplification technique to sequence the genomes of two divergent Plasmodium malaria species from miniscule volumes of chimpanzee blood to find clues about the evolution and pathogenicity of Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite that affects people. Understanding the origins of emerging diseases -- and more established disease agents -- is critical to gauge future human infection risks and find new treatment and prevention approaches.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - March 22, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Insights into the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway of human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum as chemotherapeutic target
Publication date: Available online 16 April 2016 Source:Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine Author(s): Sudaratana R. Krungkrai, Jerapan Krungkrai Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. Artemisinins remain as the first-line treatment for Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) malaria although drug resistance has already emerged and spread in Southeast Asia. Thus, to fight this disease, there is an urgent need to develop new antimalarial drugs for malaria chemotherapy. Unlike human host cells, P. falciparum cannot salvage preformed pyrimidine bases or nucleosides from the extracellular envir...
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - April 19, 2016 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Use of a multiple choice questionnaire to assess UK prescribing channels’ knowledge of helminthology and best practice surrounding anthelmintic use in livestock and horses
Publication date: 1 June 2016 Source:Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Volume 128 Author(s): Stephanie Easton, David J. Bartley, Emily Hotchkiss, Jane E. Hodgkinson, Gina L. Pinchbeck, Jacqueline B. Matthews Grazing livestock and equines are at risk of infection from a variety of helminths, for which the primary method of control has long been the use of anthelmintics. Anthelmintic resistance is now widespread in a number of helminth species across the globe so it is imperative that best practice control principles be adopted to delay the further spread of resistance. It is the responsibility of all who prescribe ant...
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - May 1, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Prevalence of intestinal parasites in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in Ilorin, Nigeria
Conclusion The prevalence of intestinal parasites in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS individuals was high, and its association with CD4+ T cell count was demonstrated. Routine screening for parasitic infestations at diagnosis is indicated to reduce the burden of the disease.
Source: Alexandria Journal of Medicine - May 5, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Investigational malaria vaccine protects healthy US adults for more than one year
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) An experimental malaria vaccine protected a small number of healthy, malaria-naïve adults in the US for more than one year after immunization, according to results from a NIAID-supported Phase 1 trial. NIAID researchers and University of Maryland School of Medicine collaborators conducted the clinical evaluation of the vaccine, which involved immunization and exposing willing healthy adults to the malaria-causing parasite in a controlled setting. The PfSPZ Vaccine was developed and produced by Sanaria Inc.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - May 9, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Evaluation of hypoxia inducible factor targeting pharmacological drugs as antileishmanial agents
Conclusions Resveratrol, echinomycin and CdCl2 reduce parasite survival in vitro. The HIF-1α targeting pharmacological drugs require further study to more fully determine their anti-Leishmania potential and their role in therapeutic strategies.
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - May 30, 2016 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Doctors for tribal areas: Issues and solutions
Dileep MavalankarIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2016 41(3):172-176Health parameters of tribal population had always been a concern for India's march towards Millennium development Goals (MDG's). Tribal population contributes 8.6% of total population, in spite of efforts and commitment of Government of India towards MGD, India lagged far behind from achieving and optimal health of tribal population will be a concern for achieving Sustainable development Goals SDG's also. Some of the common health problems of the tribal population face are deficiency of essential components i...
Source: Indian Journal of Community Medicine - June 6, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Dileep Mavalankar Source Type: research

Filarial nematodes taking a fancy to Austria
(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) A preliminary study by Vetmeduni Vienna has identified indigenous mosquitoes as carriers of Dirofilaria repens, suggesting for the first time that the parasite has become endemic in Eastern Austria. Dirofilaria immitis, the heartworm, also appears to be on the verge of becoming autochthonous. The slow pace at which the parasites are establishing themselves is probably due in part to the keeping conditions of dogs in Austria. The review was published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - June 10, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news