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Arterial Stiffness Response to Regular Aerobic Training in Hypercholesterolemia Patients
Int J Sports Med DOI: 10.1055/a-0574-3096Physical exercise increase is confirmed as a fundamental treatment for hypercholesterolemia patients, but the effect on the arterial stiffness and oxidative stress is still unclear. 74 hypercholesterolemia patients were divided into 2 groups. The exercise group received dietary recommendations and a 3-month exercise program, prescribed according to their first cardiopulmonary exercise tests(CPET), while the control group only received dietary recommendations. All patients underwent blood tests, CPET and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) studies at enrollment and at 3 months...
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - April 30, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Liu, Guanghui Zhao, Jiasheng Cao, Yang Tags: Physiology & Biochemistry Source Type: research
Effects of Two Training Programs on Transcriptional Levels of Neurotrophins and Glial Cells Population in Hippocampus of Experimental Multiple Sclerosis
Int J Sports Med DOI: 10.1055/a-0608-4635The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus low-intensity continuous training (LICT) on transcriptional levels of neurotrophic factors and oligodendrocyte/microglia cell loss in a cuprizone (CP) induced animal model of demyelination. Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to six groups: control (C), cuprizone-induced demyelination (CP), interval training (IT), continuous training (CT), IT plus CP (ITCP), and CT plus CP (CTCP). Training programs on the treadmill were performed for four weeks, and then demyelination was induce...
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - May 18, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Naghibzadeh, Maryam Ranjbar, Rouhollah Tabandeh, Mohammad Reza Habibi, Abdolhamid Tags: Physiology & Biochemistry Source Type: research
Exit Gluten-Free and Enter Low FODMAPs: A Novel Dietary Strategy to Reduce Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Athletes
AbstractExercise-associated physiological disturbances alter gastrointestinal function and integrity. These alterations may increase susceptibility to dietary triggers, namely gluten and a family of short-chain carbohydrates known as FODMAPs (fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols). A recent surge in the popularity of gluten-free diets (GFDs) among athletes without celiac disease has been exacerbated by unsubstantiated commercial health claims and high-profile athletes citing this diet to be the secret to their success. Up to 41% of athletes at least partially adhere to a GFD diet, with the belief that gluten...
Source: Sports Medicine - January 22, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
From Paper to Podium: Quantifying the Translational Potential of Performance Nutrition Research
AbstractSport nutrition is one of the fastest growing and evolving disciplines of sport and exercise science, demonstrated by a 4-fold increase in the number of research papers between 2012 and 2018. Indeed, the scope of contemporary nutrition-related research could range from discovery of novel nutrient-sensitive cell-signalling pathways to the assessment of the effects of sports drinks on exercise performance. For the sport nutrition practitioner, the goal is to translate innovations in research to develop and administer practical interventions that contribute to the delivery of winning performances. Accordingly, step on...
Source: Sports Medicine - January 22, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Phase Angle is Moderately Associated with Short-term Maximal Intensity Efforts in Soccer Players
This study examined the relationship between PhA and short-term maximal intensity efforts in soccer players, and was conducted in 99 male soccer players, ages 19–36 years. Bioelectrical impedance was used to assess body fat, fat free mass (FFM) and PhA (phase angle). Running Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) was used to evaluate physical performance. Food consumption was assessed through the 24-hour dietary recall method. Pearson correlation and multiple regressions were used for statistical analysis. Phase angle exhibited a positive relationship with maximum power (β=0.66; P<0.001), even after adjustment for the co-varia...
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - August 21, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Nabuco, Hellen C. G. Silva, Analiza M. Sardinha, Lu ís B. Rodrigues, Felipe B. Tomeleri, Crisieli M. Ravagnani, Fabr ício C. P. Cyrino, Edilson S. Ravagnani, Christianne F. C. Tags: Nutrition Source Type: research
UM study finds diverse diet as effective as sports supplements for female athletes
(The University of Montana) A recently released study from the University of Montana has discovered that common 'edge,' sports nutrition products, are no more effective at promoting recovery in female athletes as regular, carbohydrate-rich, often less-expensive potato-based foods.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - April 17, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Attributes of Physical Activity and Gut Microbiome in Adults: A Systematic Review
In conclusion, physical activity (regardless of specific characteristics) has significant contribution to gut microbiome composition and associated metabolites. There are no current recommendations for physical activity to promote gut microbiome composition. Future studies should focus on the contribution of current recommended physical activity dose to gut microbiome composition. [...] © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - May 25, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Tzemah Shahar, Roy Koren, Omry Matarasso, Sarah Shochat, Tamar Magzal, Faiga Agmon, Maayan Tags: Review Source Type: research
Whole-body Electromyostimulation plus Caloric Restriction in
Metabolic Syndrome
Int J Sports Med DOI: 10.1055/a-1171-2003We investigated early effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation added to
hypocaloric diet on metabolic syndrome features in sedentary middle-aged
individuals. We randomly assigned 25 patients to Whole-Body
Electromyostimulation plus caloric restriction or caloric restriction alone for
26 weeks. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR,
glycated hemoglobin, lipids, uric acid, creatinphosphokynase, C-reactive protein
were assessed. Body composition was evaluated with direct-segmental,
multi-frequency Bioelectrical Imped...
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - June 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Bellia, Alfonso Ruscello, Bruno Bolognino, Rolando Briotti, Gianluca Gabrielli, Paolo Roberto Silvestri, Adriano Rosazza, Cristina Ambruoso, Francesca Lombardo, Mauro Bernardini, Andrea Calabrese, Cosimo Lauro, Davide D ’Ottavio, Stefano Tags: Training & Testing Source Type: research
Basic Nutrition for Sports Participation, Part 1: Diet Composition, Macronutrients, and Hydration
No abstract available
Source: Current Sports Medicine Reports - October 1, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CAQ Review Source Type: research
Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology and Predisposing Factors
Int J Sports Med DOI: 10.1055/a-1263-0898Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors with high prevalence among adult populations and elevated costs for public health systems worldwide. Despite the lack of consensus regarding the syndrome definition and diagnosis criteria, it is characterized by the coexistence of risk factors such as abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, a prothrombotic and pro-inflammatory state, insulin resistance (IR), and higher glucose levels, factors indubitably linked to an increased risk of developing chronic conditions, such as type 2 dia...
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - October 19, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Bovolini, Ant ónio Garcia, Juliana Andrade, Maria Amparo Duarte, Jos é Alberto Tags: Review Source Type: research
Dietary Cysteine Intake is Associated with Blood Glutathione Levels and Isometric Strength
In conclusion, glutathione concentration is associated with cysteine intake, while adequate cysteine levels were important for optimal redox status and muscle function. This highlights the importance of proper nutritional intake and biochemical screening with the goal of personalized nutrition. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, GermanyArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - October 29, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Margaritelis, Nikos V. Chatzinikolaou, Panagiotis N. Bousiou, Flora V. Malliou, Vasiliki J. Papadopoulou, Sousana K. Potsaki, Panagiota Theodorou, Anastasios A. Kyparos, Antonios Geladas, Nikos D. Nikolaidis, Michalis G. Paschalis, Vassilis Tags: Physiology & Biochemistry Source Type: research
Effects of Low Energy Availability on Bone Health in Endurance Athletes and High-Impact Exercise as A Potential Countermeasure: A Narrative Review
AbstractEndurance athletes expend large amounts of energy in prolonged high-intensity exercise and, due to the weight-sensitive nature of most endurance sports, often practice periods of dietary restriction. The Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport models consider endurance athletes at high-risk for suffering from low energy availability and associated health complications, including an increased chance of bone stress injury. Several studies have examined the effects of low energy availability on various parameters of bone structure and markers of bone (re)modelling; however, there are differences i...
Source: Sports Medicine - December 21, 2020 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
New Frontiers of Body Composition in Sport
Discussion includes the application of specific uses of dual X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance including an emphasis on the need to minimize measurement errors and standardize protocols, and highlights opportunities for future research. This focus on functional body composition can benefit the health and optimize the performance of an athlete. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, GermanyArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - February 23, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Lukaski, Henry Raymond-Pope, Christiana J. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Training, Injury, and Lifestyle Characteristics of Recreational Triathletes
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2021 Feb 1;20(2):87-91. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000807.ABSTRACTTriathlon is a popular sport among recreational and competitive athletes. As triathletes compete in races ranging from 16 to 140.6 miles and train in three disciplines simultaneously, it is difficult to identify injury risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics of a group of recreational triathletes regarding their medical history, training regimen, and injuries. Thirty-four triathletes completed this survey. We found a wide range of body types, training habits, and lifestyle characteristics. As in previous studi...
Source: Current Sports Medicine Reports - February 9, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Carolyn M Kienstra William H Cade Thomas M Best Source Type: research
