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Mount Sinai researchers identify new therapeutic target for cancer
(The Mount Sinai Hospital / Mount Sinai School of Medicine) New research from The Tisch Cancer Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai identifies a protein that may be an unexplored target to develop new cancer therapies. The protein, known as kinase suppressor of Ras, or KSR, is a pseudoenzyme that plays a critical role in the transmission of signals in the cell determining whether cells grow, divide, or die.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - September 9, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Advances in the molecular diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the era of precision medicine.
Authors: Araf S, Korfi K, Rahim T, Davies A, Fitzgibbon J Abstract INTRODUCTION: The adoption of high-throughput technologies has led to a transformation in our ability to classify diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) into unique molecular subtypes. In parallel, the expansion of agents targeting key genetic and gene expression signatures has led to an unprecedented opportunity to personalize cancer therapies, paving the way for precision medicine. AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes the key molecular subtypes of DLBCL and outlines the novel technology platforms in development to discriminate clinically relev...
Source: Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics - September 22, 2016 Category: Laboratory Medicine Tags: Expert Rev Mol Diagn Source Type: research

Immune checkpoint blockade can synergize with radiation therapy, even in tumors resistant to checkpoint monotherapy
Immunotherapy has evolved as a new pillar of cancer treatment during the last decade. The main breakthrough was the development of immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) antibodies, which antagonize inhibitory receptors on T cells and their ligands and thus unleash the cellular immune system against the tumor. ICB showed tremendous effects in several types of cancer. However, only a proportion of the patients suffering from tumors, which are in principle sensitive, benefit from this treatment and other kinds of neoplasia are completely resistant. Great effort is currently being undertaken to distinguish responders from non‐res...
Source: EMBO Molecular Medicine - November 30, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jan D örrie Tags: News & Views Source Type: research

Nanocarriers for microRNA delivery in cancer medicine.
Abstract The number of deaths caused by cancer is expected to increase partly due to the lack of selectivity and undesirable systemic effects of current treatments. Advances in the understanding of microRNA (miRNA) functions and the ideal properties of nanosystems have brought increasing attention to the application of nanomedicine to cancer therapy. This review covers the different miRNA therapeutic strategies and delivery challenges for its application in cancer medicine. Current trends in inorganic, polymeric and lipid nanocarrier development for miRNA replacement or inhibition are summarized. To achieve clinic...
Source: Biotechnology Advances - March 6, 2017 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Fernandez-Piñeiro I, Badiola I, Sanchez A Tags: Biotechnol Adv Source Type: research

Ayurvedic concept of Shatkriyakala: a traditional knowledge of cancer pathogenesis and therapy
Publication date: March 2017 Source:Journal of Integrative Medicine, Volume 15, Issue 2 Author(s): Ashutosh Chauhan, Deepak Kumar Semwal, Satyendra Prasad Mishra, Ruchi Badoni Semwal The term Kriyakala refers to the recognition of the stage of a disease's progress, which helps to determine appropriate measure to correct the imbalance in Doshas (biological factors). It is a compound expression, comprised of Kriya and Kala, where Kriya means the choice to treatment (medicine, food and daily-routine) used to improve the disturbance in Doshas, and Kala refers to the stage of progress of a disease. Sushruta, an ancient Indian ...
Source: Journal of Integrative Medicine - March 20, 2017 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

Metabolomics applications in precision medicine: An oncological perspective.
Abstract Nowadays, cancer therapy remains limited by the conventional one-size-fits-all approach. In this context, treatment decisions are based on the clinical stage of disease but fail to ascertain the individual´s underlying biology and its role in driving malignancy. The identification of better therapies for cancer treatment is thus limited by the lack of sufficient data regarding the characterization of specific biochemical signatures associated with each particular cancer patient or group of patients. Metabolomics approaches promise a better understanding of cancer, a disease characterized by significant a...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - July 7, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Puchades-Carrasco L, Pineda-Lucena A Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Transcriptome modeling and phenotypic assays for cancer precision medicine.
Abstract Cancer precision medicine requires clinically actionable biomarkers for patient stratification and a better prediction of clinical outcome. Although thousands of cancer-enriched mutated genes have been reported by global sequencing projects, to date, only a few oncogenic mutations have been confirmed as effective biomarkers in cancer therapies. The low frequency and varied profile (i.e., allele frequency, mutation position) of mutant genes among cancer types limit the utility of predictive biomarkers. The recent explosion of cancer transcriptome and phenotypic screening data provides another opportunity f...
Source: Archives of Pharmacal Research - August 1, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jeong E, Moon SU, Song M, Yoon S Tags: Arch Pharm Res Source Type: research

Pembrolizumab, Larotrectinib Point to Future of Precision Medicine Pembrolizumab, Larotrectinib Point to Future of Precision Medicine
With the examples of pembrolizumab and larotrectinib, Dr Markman discusses how precision cancer medicine will likely change the landscape of cancer therapy.Medscape Oncology
Source: Medscape Hematology-Oncology Headlines - August 8, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Hematology-Oncology Commentary Source Type: news

Exploitation of Gene Expression and Cancer Biomarkers in Paving the Path to Era of Personalized Medicine
Publication date: Available online 13 August 2017 Source:Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics Author(s): Hala Fawzy Mohamed Kamel, Hiba Saeed A Bagader Al-Amodi Cancer therapy agents have been used extensively as cytotoxic drugs against tissue or organ of a specific type of cancer. With the better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and cellular events during cancer progression and metastasis, it is now possible to use targeted therapy for these molecular events. Targeted therapy is able to identify cancer patients with dissimilar genetic defects at cellular level for the same cancer t...
Source: Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics - August 17, 2017 Category: Bioinformatics Source Type: research

Qiyusanlong decoction suppresses lung cancer in mice via Wnt/ β-catenin pathway.
Qiyusanlong decoction suppresses lung cancer in mice via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2018 Jan 24;: Authors: Tong JB, Zhang XX, Wang XH, Zeng SJ, Wang DY, Zhang ZQ, Hu J, Yang C, Li ZG Abstract Lung cancer is one of the most fatal cancers due to its high metastatic rate. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used in cancer patients for decades to improve quality of life and prolong survival time. The present study used a novel Qiyusanlong (QYSL) decoction composed of 10 kinds of Chinese medicine including astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi), polygonatumod oratum (yuzu), scolopendra (tianlong), pb...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - February 4, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Alternative Medicine for Cancer and Its Impact on Survival Alternative Medicine for Cancer and Its Impact on Survival
Use of alternative medicine, without the use of conventional cancer therapy, may be associated with greater risk of death in curable cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - February 27, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Hematology-Oncology Journal Article Source Type: news

Establishment of a Patient-Derived Tumor Xenograft Model and Application for Precision Cancer Medicine.
Abstract Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models can be created with the transplantation of cancerous cells or tissues from patients' primary tumors into immunodeficient mice. PDXs are now in the spotlight as more accurate human cancer models compared with mouse tumor and human cancer cell lines transplanted into mice. PDX technology leads to breakthroughs with the introduction of novel, highly immunodeficient mice such as NOG (NOD/Scid/IL2Rγnull), NSG (NOD/Scid/IL2Rγnull), and NOJ (NOD/Scid/Jak3null) mice. Xenograft efficiency differs by type of tumor, site of implantation, and tumor aggressiveness. Subcutaneous...
Source: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 2, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Okada S, Vaeteewoottacharn K, Kariya R Tags: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Integrating phosphoproteomics into kinase-targeted cancer therapies in precision medicine.
Abstract Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification that is involved in the regulation of all major biological processes in cells. As a rapid and reversible means to modulate protein activity and transduce signals, aberrant protein phosphorylation is implicated in the onset and progression of most cancer types. Therefore, pharmacological inhibitors against protein kinases are highly pursued therapeutic approaches for treating cancer. Phosphoproteomics has become an important approach for investigating protein phosphorylation, and it is a technique that provides measurements of kinase pathway acti...
Source: Journal of Proteomics - April 2, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wu X, Xing X, Dowlut D, Zeng Y, Liu J, Liu X Tags: J Proteomics Source Type: research

Precision Medicine with Imprecise Therapy: Computational Modeling for Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.
Abstract Medical oncology is in need of a mathematical modeling toolkit that can leverage clinically-available measurements to optimize treatment selection and schedules for patients. Just as the therapeutic choice has been optimized to match tumor genetics, the delivery of those therapeutics should be optimized based on patient-specific pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties. Under the current approach to treatment response planning and assessment, there does not exist an efficient method to consolidate biomarker changes into a holistic understanding of treatment response. While the majority of research on ch...
Source: Translational Oncology - April 16, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: McKenna MT, Weis JA, Brock A, Quaranta V, Yankeelov TE Tags: Transl Oncol Source Type: research

Graphene Based Materials in Neural Tissue Regeneration.
Authors: Aydin T, Gurcan C, Taheri H, Yilmazer A Abstract Due to its extraordinary features such as large surface area, high electrical conductivity, chemical stability and mechanical properties, graphene attracts great interest in various fields of biomedical sciences including biosensors, cancer therapy, diagnosis and regenerative medicine. The use of graphene-based materials has been of great interest for the design of scaffolds that can promote neural tissue regeneration. Recent studies published over the last few years clearly show that graphene and graphene based materials promote adhesion, proliferation and ...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - June 9, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research