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Organoids: Avatars for Personalized Medicine.
Abstract Stem cells are the foundation of all mammalian life. Stem cells build and maintain our bodies throughout life. Two types of stem cells are discerned.1) Embryonic stem cells (ES cells) are briefly present in the early human or mouse embryo, a few days after fertilization. These ES cells can be grown indefinitely in the lab and have the potential to build each and every tissue in our body. Because of this 'pluripotency', ES cells hold great promise for therapeutic application in the field of regenerative medicine. It is also possible to take skin cells (or other cells) from adults and convert these in the l...
Source: The Keio Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Clevers HC Tags: Keio J Med Source Type: research

Stem Cell Aging and Regenerative Medicine.
Authors: De D, Karmakar P, Bhattacharya D Abstract Stem cells are a promising source for regenerative medicine to cure a plethora of diseases that are currently treated based on either palliative or symptomatic relief or by preventing their onset and progression. Aging-associated degenerative changes in stem cells, stem cell niches, and signaling pathways bring a step by step decline in the regenerative and functional potential of tissues. Clinical studies and experiments on model organisms have pointed out checkpoints that aging will inevitably impose on stem cell aiming for transplantation and hence questions are...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - September 12, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

An official american thoracic society/international society for heart and lung transplantation/society of critical care medicine/association of organ and procurement organizations/united network of organ sharing statement: ethical and policy considerations in organ donation after circulatory determination of death.
Conclusions: The information presented in this Statement is based on the current evidence, experience, and clinical rationale. New clinical research and the development and dissemination of new technologies will eventually necessitate an update of this Statement. PMID: 23815722 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - July 1, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gries CJ, White DB, Truog RD, Dubois J, Cosio CC, Dhanani S, Chan KM, Corris P, Dark J, Fulda G, Glazier AK, Higgins R, Love R, Mason DP, Nakagawa TA, Shapiro R, Shemie S, Tracy MF, Travaline JM, Valapour M, West L, Zaas D, Halpern SD, American Thoracic S Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

How do microbes, the microbiome, and overall nutrition affect our health?
The award-winning "Sound Medicine" announces a special program for Sept. 1, which focuses on the microbes that join human genes to make up the human microbiome. The following experts visited "Sound Medicine" to discuss the microbiome, microbes, and fecal transplants. Food and environmental author Michael Pollan is a superorganism. He doesn't have special powers, but he does possess communities ....
Source: Sound Medicine - August 31, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Sound Medicine Source Type: news

Juzen-Taiho-To, an Herbal Medicine, Promotes the Differentiation of Transplanted Bone Marrow Cells into Microglia in the Mouse Brain Injected with Fibrillar Amyloid β.
In this study, we explored the effects of JTT on the migration and differentiation of bone marrow-derived cells in the mouse brain of acutely induced AD. To chase bone marrow-derived cells, we made a chimeric mouse line in C57BL/6 by transplanting fresh bone marrow cells, isolated from the transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein gene. The chimeric mice were orally administrated with JTT or distilled water, and were left untreated or given intrahippocampal injection of fibrillar Aβ 1-42 (fAβ42) or vehicle. In the hippocampus of the vehicle-injected mouse, JTT treatment for 37 days caused a significan...
Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine - May 30, 2014 Category: Research Authors: Liu H, Wang J, Tabira T Tags: Tohoku J Exp Med Source Type: research

Regenerative Medicine Applications in Organ Transplantation
Regenerative Medicine May 2014, Vol. 9, No. 3, Pages 267-268.
Source: Future Medicine: Regenerative Medicine - June 17, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: article Source Type: research

Women's Medicine Collaborative examines safety of fecal transplant to treat C. difficile
(Lifespan) Researchers have found that fecal transplantation is effective and safe for treating C. difficile in immunocompromised patients. This is the result of a study led by Colleen Kelly, M.D., a gastroenterologist in the Center for Women's Gastrointestinal Medicine at The Women's Medicine Collaborative. The study and its findings have been published online in advance of print in the American Journal of Gastroenterology.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - July 9, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Whole-genome haplotyping approaches and genomic medicine
Abstract Genomic information reported as haplotypes rather than genotypes will be increasingly important for personalized medicine. Current technologies generate diploid sequence data that is rarely resolved into its constituent haplotypes. Furthermore, paradigms for thinking about genomic information are based on interpreting genotypes rather than haplotypes. Nevertheless, haplotypes have historically been useful in contexts ranging from population genetics to disease-gene mapping efforts. The main approaches for phasing genomic sequence data are molecular haplotyping, genetic haplotyping, and population-based i...
Source: Genome Medicine - September 25, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

A phenomenological approach to the ethics of transplantation medicine: sociality and sharing when living-with and dying-with others
Abstract Recent years have seen a rise in the number of sociological, anthropological, and ethnological works on the gift metaphor in organ donation contexts, as well as in the number of philosophical and theological analyses of giving and generosity, which has been mirrored in the ethical debate on organ donation. In order to capture the breadth of this field, four frameworks for thinking about bodily exchanges in medicine have been distinguished: property rights, heroic gift-giving, sacrifice, and gift-giving as aporia. Unfortunately, they all run into difficulties in terms of both making sense of the relationa...
Source: Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics - October 1, 2014 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research

Transfusion Medicine support in live related combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT): A case report
Publication date: Available online 16 December 2014 Source:Apollo Medicine Author(s): R.N. Makroo , Mohit Chowdhry , Vikas Hegde , N.L. Rosamma , Uday Thakur Combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT) is the procedure of choice for patients with dual-organ failure. Transfusion Medicine support in live related combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT) not only involves the provision of safest possible blood and histocompatibility testing (HLA typing & CDC Crossmatch) but also ensures better patient care due to availability of various advance immunohematological techniques in a time bound frame. A full...
Source: Apollo Medicine - December 18, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Keck Medicine of USC researchers win $4.3 million for stem cell research
(University of Southern California - Health Sciences) Three scientists from Keck Medicine of the University of Southern California have won grants exceeding $4.3 million from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine for research that includes creating a temporary liver for transplant patients, finding novel ways to treat immune disorders and blood diseases and developing a new animal model for exploring diseases like heart failure, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 4, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

The gut microbiota in internal medicine: implications for health and disease.
Abstract The human gut microbiota may be viewed as an organ, executing numerous functions in metabolism, development of the immune system and host defence against pathogens. It may therefore be involved in the development of a range of diseases such as gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel disease, allergy and diabetes mellitus. Reversely, certain therapies that are often used, such as antibiotics and chemotherapy, may negatively affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota and thereby the wellbeing of patients. As the microbiota research field is currently moving from association studies to...
Source: The Netherlands Journal of Medicine - February 1, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Lankelma JM, Nieuwdorp M, de Vos WM, Wiersinga WJ Tags: Neth J Med Source Type: research

Opportunities and ethical challenges for the practice of medicine in the digital era
Abstract Technological advances have been a driving force in the practice of medicine. From the discovery of x-rays’ medical applications to the utilization of dialysis and surgical transplantation of organs, technology has presented new opportunities, and at times, ethical challenges for physicians. In recent years, the increased proliferation of social media tools has had a significant impact on how people engage with one another, and how they want to engage with their healthcare providers. Medical schools have begun to examine some of the issues surrounding use of social media in the context of professionalis...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - March 20, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Avoiding immunological rejection in regenerative medicine.
Abstract One of the major goals of regenerative medicine is repair or replacement of diseased and damaged tissues by transfer of differentiated stem cells or stem cell-derived tissues. The possibility that these tissues will be destroyed by immunological rejection remains a challenge that can only be overcome through a better understanding of the nature and expression of potentially immunogenic molecules associated with cell replacement therapy and the mechanisms and pathways resulting in their immunologic rejection. This review draws on clinical experience of organ and tissue transplantation, and on transplantati...
Source: Regenerative Medicine - May 1, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Bolton EM, Bradley JA Tags: Regen Med Source Type: research

Management of the Potential Organ Donor in the ICU: Society of Critical Care Medicine/American College of Chest Physicians/Association of Organ Procurement Organizations Consensus Statement
This document was developed through the collaborative efforts of the Society of Critical Care Medicine, the American College of Chest Physicians, and the Association of Organ Procurement Organizations. Under the auspices of these societies, a multidisciplinary, multi-institutional task force was convened, incorporating expertise in critical care medicine, organ donor management, and transplantation. Members of the task force were divided into 13 subcommittees, each focused on one of the following general or organ-specific areas: death determination using neurologic criteria, donation after circulatory death determination, ...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - May 16, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Special Article Source Type: research