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European Antibiotic Awareness DayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Yesterday (18th November 2009) marks the second annual European Antibiotic Awareness Day, established to highlight the problem of increasing antibiotic resistance and the need for prudent use of antibiotics. Figures from the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption project, which monitors antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in countries across Europe, suggest that antibiotic use in many countries remains too high. (Source: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses News From Medical News Today)
Source: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses News From Medical News Today - November 19, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses Source Type: news

Curbing the menace of antimicrobial resistance in developing countriesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several reports suggest that antimicrobial resistance is an increasing global problem; but like most pandemics, the greatest toll is in the less developed countries. The dismally low rate of discovery of antimicrobials compared to the rate of development of antimicrobial resistance places humanity on a very dangerous precipice. Since antimicrobial resistance is part of an organism's natural survival instinct, total eradication might be unachievable; however, it can be reduced to a level that it no longer poses a threat to humanity. While inappropriate antimicrobial consumption contributes to the development of antimicrobia...
Source: Harm Reduction Journal - November 19, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chidi NwenekaNdey Tapha-SossehAnibal Sosa Source Type: journals

European Antibiotic Awareness Day - 18th November 2009Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: EMEA Area: News The EMEA has announced European Antibiotic Awareness Day (18th November 2009) - providing an annual opportunity for raising awareness about the threat to public health of antibiotic resistance and about how to use antibiotics responsibly. This Awareness Day is initiated by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), with whom the EMEA has recently worked on two antimicrobial resistance related projects. The results of these projects emphasise the importance of the judicious use of antibiotics in the treatment of human and animal bacterial infections. P...
Source: NeLM - News - November 18, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

In vitro evaluation of five rapid antigen detection tests for group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal sore throat infectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The IMI Test Pack is most suitable for use in primary care, as it had high sensitivity, high specificity and was easy to use. (Source: Family Practice)
Source: Family Practice - November 17, 2009 Category: Primary Care Authors: Lasseter, G. M, McNulty, C. A., Richard Hobbs, F., Mant, D., Little, P., on behalf of the PRISM Investigators Tags: Primary Care Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Parental experiences and attitudes regarding the management of acute otitis media--a comparative questionnaire between Finland and The NetherlandsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Treatment practices and parental expectations seem to interact with each other. Therefore, if we aim to change AOM treatment practices, we have to modify both guidelines and parental expectations. (Source: Family Practice)
Source: Family Practice - November 17, 2009 Category: Primary Care Authors: Tahtinen, P. A, Boonacker, C. W., Rovers, M. M, Schilder, A. G., Huovinen, P., Liuksila, P.-R., Ruuskanen, O., Ruohola, A. Tags: Qualitative Research Source Type: journals

Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis Pathogens in Dairy Cows in Rhône-Alpes, FranceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease)
Source: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease - November 17, 2009 Category: Food Science Tags: article Source Type: journals

Development of a DNA Microarray to Detect Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Identified in the National Center for Biotechnology Information DatabaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Microbial Drug Resistance , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Microbial Drug Resistance)
Source: Microbial Drug Resistance - November 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: article Source Type: journals

[Newsdesk] Highlights from the 47th annual meeting of the IDSAEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although the meeting is divided loosely into four official tracks—investigative, adult, paediatric, and HIV—and the programme contains a diverse set of symposia, teaching, and research presentation sessions, a few topics dominate the 47th meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Inevitably influenza features heavily, but many sessions on health-care acquired infections, antimicrobial resistance, and vaccine development mark this out as a very American conference. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - November 16, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Peter Hayward Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: journals

Generic and specific adaptative response of Streptococcus pneumoniae to challenge with three distinct antimicrobial peptides: bacitracin, LL-37 and nisin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, we show that resistance to three different AMPs in S. pneumoniae is mediated by several putative ABC transporters, some of which have not been associated with antimicrobial resistance in this organism before. In addition, a GntR-like regulator was identified, which regulates two of these transporters. Our findings extend the understanding of defense mechanisms of this important human pathogen against antimicrobial compounds and points toward novel proteins, i.e. putative ABC transporters, which can be used as targets for the development of new antimicrobials. PMID: 19917758 [PubMed - as supplied by publi...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Majchrzykiewicz JA, Kuipers OP, Bijlsma JJ Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Implementation of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Dental SettingsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Generally, dentists in the United Kingdom were more familiar with the current expert recommendations on AP than dentists in Iran; however, dentists in both countries tended to overprescribe. This could contribute to the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Educational initiatives aimed at implementing updated recommendations and continuous assessment of dental practice might reverse this trend. (Source: The Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice)
Source: The Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice - November 14, 2009 Category: Dentistry Authors: Shimae Soheilipour, Stephen Michael Dunne, Jonathon Timothy Newton, Seyed Ebrahim Jabbarifar Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: journals

Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococcus spp. Recovered from a Commercial Beef Processing PlantEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease)
Source: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease - November 13, 2009 Category: Food Science Tags: article Source Type: journals

Identifying Antimicrobial Multiresistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Sampled From Diarrhoeic Calves by Cluster Analysis Techniques: A Way to Guide Research on Multiresistance MechanismsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study points out the usefulness of cluster analysis techniques to describe concisely the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates in a way that could effectively help in generating hypotheses on multiresistance mechanisms. Data were selected from the French antimicrobial resistance survey network on veterinary pathogens (Resapath). They were related to 1545 Escherichia coli isolates, which were isolated from faecal samples of diarrhoeic calves in France between 2002 and 2006. Ten clusters of isolates displaying similar features in terms of resistance profile to 13 relevant antimicrobials were comput...
Source: Zoonoses and Public Health - November 13, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: M.-A. Botrel, E. Morignat, D. Meunier, J.-Y. Madec, D. Calavas Source Type: journals

Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine MilkEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to identify methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains gathered from 2002 to 2006 from milk samples in Aydin region in Turkey. Among 93 S. aureus strains isolated from bovine milk with mastitis, 16 were resistant to methicillin. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains were studied further for their staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types, pulsotypes, spa and MLST types, antimicrobial susceptibilities, mechanisms of resistance and presence of Panton[ndash]Valentine leucocidin (PVL) toxin gene. The MRSA strains were multi-drug resistant. The susceptibility rates to anti...
Source: Zoonoses and Public Health - November 13, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: S. Türkyılmaz, S. Tekbıyık, E. Oryasin, B. Bozdogan Source Type: journals

Controlling Antimicrobial Resistance in the HospitalEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes different infection control and antibiotic management strategies that can be used to control antimicrobial resistance in hospital settings. (Source: Infectious Diseases Clinics of North America)
Source: Infectious Diseases Clinics of North America - November 12, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Deverick J. Anderson, Keith S. Kaye Source Type: journals

National Foundation for Infectious Diseases Traveling Professorship in Rural AreasEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID) invites applicants for the 2010 Traveling Professorship in Rural Areas. This grant is funded through the NFID Steven R. Mostow Endowment for Outreach Programs and is intended to provide support for the applicant to provide face-to-face infectious diseases education to practicing physicians in rural areas in the applicant’s state of residence or primary practice. The duration of the outreach education activities shall be for five (5) full working days that can either be contiguous or intermittent. The outreach program should be completed within a year of the gra...
Source: ScanGrants feed - November 11, 2009 Category: Research Authors: National Foundation for Infectious Diseases Source Type: funding

Diversity of antimicrobial resistance pheno- and genotypes of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 from diseased swineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions MRSA ST398 isolates varied slightly in their virulence properties and spa types but differed distinctly in their antimicrobial resistance pheno- and genotypes as well as their ApaI-PFGE patterns. These data underline the ability of ST398 to acquire genetic material that might increase antimicrobial resistance and virulence. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kadlec, K., Ehricht, R., Monecke, S., Steinacker, U., Kaspar, H., Mankertz, J., Schwarz, S. Tags: Original research Source Type: journals

Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from older versus younger hospitalized adults: results of a two-centre studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions Overall, advanced patient age was not uniformly associated with a greater likelihood of antimicrobial resistance among all bacterial pathogens. Moreover, the frequency of resistance in older and younger patients varied considerably at the two sites over the study period. Variability in the frequency of resistance precludes simplistic conclusions regarding the relationship between age and resistance. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Weber, S. G., Miller, R. R., Perencevich, E. N., Tolentino, J., Meltzer, D., Pitrak, D., McGregor, J. C., Sachs, G. A., Harris, A. D., Furuno, J. P. Tags: Original research Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive bacteria from Timorese River Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) skin microbiotaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study shows the high bacterial diversity of B. bubalis skin microbiota, representing an important first step towards understanding its importance and epidemiologic role in animal health. It also points out the potential role of these animals as vectors of antimicrobial resistant bacteria dissemination and the importance of antimicrobial resistance monitoring in developing countries. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11250-009-9494-5Authors Manuela Oliveira, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa CIISA/Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnic...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - November 9, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Tropical Animal Health and Production Source Type: journals

Twenty-five year epidemiology of invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered at a burn centerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we, evaluate the changes in PFT and antimicrobial resistance epidemiology of invasive MRSA isolates over 25 years at a single burn unit. Isolates were tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and PCR for the virulence factors Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) and arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME), and the resistance marker staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec). Forty isolates were screened, revealing stable vancomycin susceptibility MIC without changes over time but decreasing susceptibility to clindamycin and ciprofloxaci...
Source: Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries - November 6, 2009 Category: Cosmetic Surgery Authors: Clinton K. Murray, Robert L. Holmes, Michael W. Ellis, Katrin Mende, Steven E. Wolf, Linda K. McDougal, Charles H. Guymon, Duane R. Hospenthal Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Medical Microbiology: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Review of General Principles and Contemporary PracticesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 49, Issue 11, Page 1749-1755, 1 December 2009. An important task of the clinical microbiology laboratory is the performance of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of significant bacterial isolates. The goals of testing are to detect possible drug resistance in common pathogens and to assure susceptibility to drugs of choice for particular infections. The most widely used testing methods include broth microdilution or rapid automated instrument methods that use commercially marketed materials and devices. Manual methods that provide flexibility and possible cost savings include th...
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue - November 5, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Pediatrics • Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The prevalence of ASPs in pediatrics is limited, and opportunities exist to improve current programs. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)
Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue - November 4, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: article Original Article Source Type: journals

Notice to Readers: Annual Conference on Antimicrobial Resistance--February 1-3, 2010 [From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: JAMA)
Source: JAMA - November 3, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Public Health, Public Health, Other, Drug Therapy, Drug Therapy, Other, Infectious Diseases From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Source Type: journals

First Report of Extended Spectrum {beta}-Lactamase producing Salmonella Kentucky isolated from Poultry in Ireland.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the emergence of broad spectrum cephalosporin resistance in S. enterica serovar Kentucky in poultry in Ireland. PMID: 19884382 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy)
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Boyle F, Morris D, O'Connor J, Delappe N, Ward J, Cormican M Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Molecular Epidemiology of Metallo-{beta}-Lactamase Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa From Norway and Sweden show Import of International Clones and Local Clonal Expansion.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study MBL-producing P. aeruginosa identified in Norway (n=4) and Sweden (n=9) 1999-2007 were characterized. Two international clonal complexes (CC), CC111 (n=8) and CC235 (n=2) previously associated with MBL-producing isolates were dominant. CC111 isolates (ST111/229, serotype O12, blaVIM-2) included clonally related isolates identified in the Skåne County, Sweden (n=6) and two isolates associated with importation from Greece and Denmark. In all CC111 isolates blaVIM-2 was located in In59.2 or in In59-variants. The two CC235 isolates (ST235/ST230, serotype O11, blaVIM-4), were imported from Greece and Cyprus a...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Samuelsen O, Toleman MA, Sundsfjord A, Rydberg J, Leegaard TM, Walder M, Lia A, Ranheim TE, Rajendra Y, Hermansen NO, Walsh TR, Giske CG Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae Respiratory Tract Isolates in Korea: Results of the Nationwide Acute Respiratory Infections Surveillance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and beta-lactam resistance mechanisms of 544 H. influenzae isolates through the nationwide Acute Respiratory Infections Surveillance (ARIS) network in Korea during 2005 and 2006 were determined. Resistance to ampicillin was 58.5%, followed by cefuroxime (23.3%), clarithromycin (18.7%), cefaclor (17.0%), amoxicillin/clavulanate (10.4%), and chloramphenicol (8.1%). Levofloxacin and cefotaxime were the most active agents tested in this study. beta-lactamase production (52.4%) was the main mechanism of ampicillin resistance, with the rate (96.1%) of TEM-1 type beta-lactamase. According...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bae S, Lee J, Lee J, Kim E, Lee S, Yu J, Kang Y Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Biologic Activities of the TolC-like Protein of Neisseria meningitidis as Assessed by Functional Complementation in Escherichia coli.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Neisseria meningitidis can produce a TolC-like protein needed for secretion of FrpC, but not efflux of antimicrobials. We now report that expression of the meningococcal tolC gene in a TolC-deficient strain of Escherichia coli can restore properties of alpha-hemolysis and antimicrobial resistance known to involve efflux pumps. PMID: 19884363 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy)
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kamal N, Shafer WM Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Interaction of staphylococci with bone.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Staphylococci, in particular Staphylococcus aureus, are the predominant cause of bone infections worldwide. These infections are painful, debilitating and with the rise in antibiotic-resistant forms, increasingly difficult to treat. The growth in the number of prosthetic joint replacement procedures also provides new opportunities for these infections to take hold. Comprehending the mechanisms by which staphylococci interact with and damage bone is critical to the development of new approaches to meet this challenge. This review summarises current understanding of the mechanisms by which staphylococci infect and damage...
Source: International Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Wright JA, Nair SP Tags: Int J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Metabolic profile, physical activity, and mortality in breast cancer patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Metabolic components [body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum lipids] and physical activity may affect biological mechanisms of importance for breast cancer prognosis. A population-based survival study among 1,364 breast cancer cases within the Norwegian Counties Study during 1974–2005 was conducted. Pre-diagnostic measurements of BMI, blood pressure, serum lipids, and self-reported physical activity were assessed. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used in analyses (SAS version 9.11). Among these breast cancer cases (age at diagnosis 27–79 years), 429 women died (8.2 me...
Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - October 30, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Source Type: journals

Defra : UK zoonoses trends and sources reportsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Published yearly by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) these reports on zoonotic diseases contain information on trends and sources of the disease in the UK. Available from 2003 onwards, information covers the occurrence of diseases and zoonotic agents in humans, animals, foodstuffs and feedingstuffs. Data is included on foodborne outbreaks, antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic agents and some pathogenic microbiological agents. (Source: Latest Internet resources added to Intute: Health and LifenSciences veterinary gateway)
Source: Latest Internet resources added to Intute: Health and LifenSciences veterinary gateway - October 28, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: organizations

Antimicrobial resistance conference [FOR YOUR INFORMATION]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: AAP News)
Source: AAP News - October 27, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Tags: For Your Information Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Review of General Principles and Contemporary PracticesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. An important task of the clinical microbiology laboratory is the performance of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of significant bacterial isolates. The goals of testing are to detect possible drug resistance in common pathogens and to assure susceptibility to drugs of choice for particular infections. The most widely used testing methods include broth microdilution or rapid automated instrument methods that use commercially marketed materials and devices. Manual methods that provide flexibility and possible cost savings include the disk d...
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue - October 27, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Source Type: journals

The Impact of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Antimicrobial Resistance in the United States Since 1996: Evidence for a Significant Rebound by 2007 in Many Classes of AntibioticsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Microbial Drug Resistance Dec 2009, Vol. 15, No. 4: 261-268. (Source: Microbial Drug Resistance)
Source: Microbial Drug Resistance - October 26, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Surmounting antimicrobial resistance in the Millennium Superbug: Staphylococcus aureusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is the third most dreaded pathogen posing a severe threat due to its refractory behavior against the current armamentarium of antimicrobial drugs. This is attributed to the evolution of an array of resistance mechanisms responsible for morbidity and mortality globally. Local and international travel has resulted in the movement of drug resistant S. aureus clones from hospitals into communities and further into different geographical areas where they have been responsible for epidemic outbreaks. Thus, there is a dire necessity to refrain further cross movement of these multidru...
Source: Central European Journal of Medicine - October 26, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Central European Journal of Medicine Source Type: journals

Klebsiella pneumoniae AcrAB efflux pump contributes to antimicrobial resistance and virulence.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Respiratory infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae are characterized by a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Management of these infections is often difficult, due to the high frequency of strains that are resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Multidrug efflux pumps play a major role as a mechanism of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative pathogens. In the present study, we investigated the role of the K. pneumoniae AcrRAB operon in antimicrobial resistance and virulence by using isogenic knockouts deficient in the AcrB component and the AcrR repressor derived both from the virulent strain 52145R. We d...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - October 26, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Padilla E, Llobet E, Doménech-Sánchez A, Martínez-Martínez L, Bengoechea JA, Albertí S Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Prevalence of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of invasive strains of pneumococcus in children: analysis of 9 years.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Penicillin resistance was detected in 9.9% of the strains, being predominant from 2004 to 2008. Twenty different pneumococcal serotypes were identified, and 71.9% of the serotypes were represented in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PN CRM7) currently available. PMID: 19859623 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Jornal de Pediatria)
Source: Jornal de Pediatria - October 26, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Mantese OC, de Paula A, Almeida VV, de Aguiar PA, Wolkers PC, Alvares JR, Almeida SC, Guerra ML, Brandileone MC Tags: J Pediatr (Rio J) Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial Resistance - Beyond the BreakpointEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ISBN: 978-3-8055-9323-6 (Source: Karger Publishers)
Source: Karger Publishers - October 24, 2009 Category: Databases & Libraries Source Type: info

Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in PediatricsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The prevalence of ASPs in pediatrics is limited, and opportunities exist to improve current programs. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)
Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue - October 23, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: article Original Article Source Type: journals

European countries dramatically underfunding TB researchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The largest European countries are lagging far behind the U.S. in funding of tuberculosis (TB) research and development. As such they bear a responsibility for the painfully slow progress in finding new TB tests and treatments, according to a report released Wednesday by the medical humanitarian organization Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). The report shows that all European countries in the analysis, except for Sweden, have failed to prioritize TB and are contributing to huge global underfunding at a time when 1.7 million people die every year from the disease. “We are committed to treating people with multidrug-resis...
Source: MSF News - October 23, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Tags: NEWS Source Type: organizations

Beta-Lactam Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Retail Meats in the United States: National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS): 2002-2006.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ampicillin-resistant (AMP(R)) Salmonella (n=344) representing 32 serotypes isolated from retail meats from 2002-2006 were tested for susceptibility to 21 other antimicrobial agents, and screened for the presence of five beta-lactamase gene families (blaCMY, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaCTX-M) and class 1 integrons. Among the AMP(R) isolates, 66.9% were resistant to >/=5 antimicrobials and 4.9% to >/= 10 antimicrobials. Co-resistance to other beta-lactams was noted for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (55.5%), ceftiofur (50%), cefoxitin (50%), and ceftazidime (24.7%), whereas less than 5% of isolates were resistant to pi...
Source: Applied and Environmental Microbiology - October 23, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Zhao S, Blickenstaff K, Glenn A, Ayers SL, Friedman SL, Abbott JW, McDermott PF Tags: Appl Environ Microbiol Source Type: journals

European Countries Dramatically Underfunding TB ResearchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Stockholm, 21 October 2009 – The largest European countries are lagging far behind the US in funding of tuberculosis (TB) research and development. As such they bear a responsibility for the painfully slow progress in finding new TB tests and treatments, according to a report released today by the medical humanitarian organisation Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). The report shows that all European countries in the analysis, except for Sweden, have failed to prioritise TB and are contributing to huge global underfunding at a time when 1.7 million people die every year from the disease.“We are committed to treating peop...
Source: MSF News - October 21, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: organizations

European Countries Dramatically Underfunding TB ResearchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Special Report View Document Stockholm, October 21, 2009 – The largest European countries are lagging far behind the United States in funding of tuberculosis (TB) research and development. As such they bear a responsibility for the painfully slow progress in finding new TB tests and treatments, according to a report released today by the medical humanitarian organization Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). The report shows that all European countries in the analysis—with the exception of Sweden-- have failed to prioritize TB and are contributing to huge global underfunding at...
Source: MSF News - October 21, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: organizations

Med Sci Monit 2009; 15(11):PI61-65 "Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli in outpatient urinary isolates in Izmir, Turkey"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The most important finding of our study is that a considerable proportion of the studied E. coli isolates were resistant to most antibiotics except amikacin. These data provide useful information for clinicians in determining the appropriate empirical antimicrobial regimen, and help authorities to formulate antibiotic prescription policies. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - October 19, 2009 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: journals

Summary trends for the Meropenem Yearly Susceptibility Test Information Collection Program: a 10-year experience in the United States (1999–2008)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The Meropenem Yearly Susceptibility Test Information Collection (MYSTIC) Program was a global, longitudinal antimicrobial resistance surveillance network of more than 100 medical centers worldwide monitoring the susceptibility of meropenem and selected other broad-spectrum comparator agents. In 1999, and from 2000 through 2008, a total of 10 or 15 United States (USA) medical centers each forwarded 200 nonduplicate clinical isolates from serious infections to a central processing laboratory. Over the 10-year period of this surveillance program, the activity of meropenem and an average of 11 other antimicrobial age...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - October 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Paul R. Rhomberg, Ronald N. Jones Tags: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Studies Source Type: journals

Polyphosphate Kinase 1 is Important for VBNC Formation, Natural Transformation and Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Campylobacter jejuni, a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium, is a predominant cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Although considered fragile, fastidious and lacking many classical stress response mechanisms, C. jejuni exhibits a remarkable capacity for survival and adaptation, successfully infecting humans and persisting in the environment. Consequently, understanding the physiological and genetic properties that allow C. jejuni to survive and adapt to various stress conditions is crucial for therapeutic interventions. Of importance is polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1), which is a key enzyme mediating the s...
Source: Applied and Environmental Microbiology - October 15, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Gangaiah D, Kassem II, Liu Z, Rajashekara G Tags: Appl Environ Microbiol Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial resistance in Clostridium difficileEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhoea and the number of outbreaks has risen markedly since 2003. The emergence and spread of resistance in C. difficile is complicating treatment and prevention. Most isolates are still susceptible to vancomycin and metronidazole (MTZ), however transient and heteroresistance to MTZ have been reported. The prevalence of resistance to other antimicrobial agents is highly variable in different populations and in different countries, ranging from 0% to 100%. Isolates of common polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ribotypes are more resistant than uncommon...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - October 15, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Haihui Huang, Andrej Weintraub, Hong Fang, Carl Erik Nord Tags: Reviews Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Salmonella enterica Isolates from Dairy CowsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease)
Source: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease - October 12, 2009 Category: Food Science Tags: article Source Type: journals

Detection of antibiotic resistant E. coli and Enterococcus spp. in stool of healthy growing children in PortugalEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
From stool specimens of 118 healthy children's (1-14 years) in Portugal 92 E. coli and 101 Enterococcu s spp. strains have been isolated. Almost half (40.2%) of the E. coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin, 25.0% were resistant to tetracycline and 26.1% were resistant to streptomycin. Resistance genes detected by specific PCR included blaTEM and/or blaSHV and/or blaCTX-M (33 of 37 ampicillin and/or cefotaxime resistant isolates), tet (A) and/or tet (B) (16 of 23 tetracycline-resistant isolates), aad A (19 of 24 streptomycin-resistant isolates), cml A (in the two chloramphenicol-resistant isolates), aac (3)-II with/wit...
Source: Journal of Basic Microbiology - October 5, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ângela Barreto, Bruno Guimarães, Hajer Radhouani, Carlos Araújo, Alexandre Gonçalves, Eurico Gaspar, Jorge Rodrigues, Gilberto Igrejas, Patrícia Poeta Source Type: journals

Wild boars as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli of different phylogenetic groupsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ESBL-producing E. coli isolates have been isolated from eight of seventy seven faecal samples (10.4%) of wild boars in Portugal. The ESBL types identified by PCR and sequencing were blaCTX-M-1 (6 isolates) and blaCTX-M-1 + blaTEM1-b (2 isolates). Further resistance genes detected included tet (A) or tet (B) (in three tetracycline-resistant isolates), aad A (in three streptomycin-resistant isolates), cml A (in one chloramphenicol-resistant isolate), sul 1 and/or sul 2 and/or sul 3 (in all sulfonamide-resistant isolates). The intI 1 gene encoding class 1 integrase was detected in all ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. One isol...
Source: Journal of Basic Microbiology - October 5, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Patrícia Poeta, Hajer Radhouani, Luís Pinto, António Martinho, Vítor Rego, Rogério Rodrigues, Alexandre Gonçalves, Jorge Rodrigues, Vanesa Estepa, Carmen Torres, Gilberto Igrejas Source Type: journals

Prevention and treatment of Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia with a {beta}-cyclodextrin derivative.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report that a modified beta-cyclodextrin compound, IB201, prevents alpha-hemolysin-induced lysis of human alveolar epithelial cells. This protective effect does not result from the ability of the beta-cyclodextrin to impair formation of the oligomeric alpha-hemolysin on the cell surface, supporting a role for this molecule in blocade of the lytic pore. An examination of IB201 in murine S. aureus pneumonia demonstrated that the administration of this compound prevents and treats disease, protecting against mortality. Consistent with the vital importance of alpha-hemolysin in pneumonia caused by methicillin-sensitive and ...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - October 4, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ragle BE, Karginov VA, Wardenburg JB Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Changing trends in antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi A in Chennai.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The study indicates reemergence of chloramphenicol-susceptible Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and paratyphi A isolates, a significant decline in MDR strains and high resistance to nalidixic acid. E1 phage type and biotype 1 are found to be most prevalent in Chennai, India. PMID: 19805957 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology)
Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology - September 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Krishnan P, Stalin M, Balasubramanian S Tags: Indian J Pathol Microbiol Source Type: journals