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Development of a novel monoclonal antibody with reactivity to a wide range of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus strainsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: A monoclonal antibody possessing reactivity to a wide range of VEEV strains may be of benefit as a generic antiviral therapy. However, humanisation of the murine antibody will be required before it can be tested in humans.Crown Copyright (c) 2009 (Source: Virology Journal)
Source: Virology Journal - November 19, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: Lyn O'BrienCindy Underwood-FowlerSarah GoodchildAmanda PhelpsRobert Phillpotts Source Type: journals

Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in a Patient Affected by Systemic SclerosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The currently recommended treatment for patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is pegilated interferon α (IFN α) plus ribavirin. Despite the numerous benefits of this therapy, there is an increasing concern regarding his tolerance. Among the most common side effects, interferon may trigger the onset or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases. When chronic hepatitis C coexists with an autoimmune disorder, it is not clear whether using interferon is better than avoiding it. We evaluated the disease state of a 55-year old female affected by sistemic sclerosis (SSc), during and after therapy with IFN;...
Source: Gastroenterology Research and Practice - November 17, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: journals

Pegasys 135mcg and 180mcg solution for injection in Pre-filled Syringe (peginterferon alfa-2a) - Revised SPCEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: eMC (electronic Medicines Compendium) Area: Other Library Updates > SPC Changes Revised SPC includes changes to: Section 4.4 (Special warnings and precautions for Use) - Psychiatric and Central Nervous System: homicidal ideation now included. Pancytopenia and bone marrow suppression have been reported in the literature to occur within 3 to 7 weeks after the administration of a peginterferon and ribavirin concomitantly with azathioprine. This myelotoxicity was reversible within 4 to 6 weeks upon withdrawal of HCV antiviral therapy and concomitant azathioprine and did not recur upon reintroduction of eithe...
Source: NeLM - SPC Changes - November 17, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

Pioglitazone improves virological response to peginterferon α-2b/ribavirin combination therapy in hepatitis C genotype 4 patients with insulin resistanceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Insulin resistance (IR) affects sustained virological response (SVR). The use of insulin-sensitizing agents has been proposed to improve therapy outcome. The safety and efficacy of pioglitazone on insulin sensitivity and SVR in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 4 with IR receiving standard antiviral therapy were evaluated in a randomized-controlled study. Ninety-seven previously untreated patients with CHC and IR [homeostasis model assessment (HOMA>2)] were randomly assigned into two arms; (arm A; n=48) were given pioglitazone 30 mg/day combined with peginterferon (Peg-IFN)-[alpha]-2b/ribavi...
Source: Liver International - November 17, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Mahmoud Khattab, Mohammed Emad, Asharf Abdelaleem, Mohammed Eslam, Rabab Atef, Yehia Shaker, Lamia Hamdy Source Type: journals

Retinoic acid inducible gene I activates innate antiviral response against human parainfluenza virus type 3Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) is a respiratory paramyxovirus that infects lung epithelial cells to cause high morbidity among infants and children. To date, no effective vaccine or antiviral therapy exists for HPIV3 and therefore, it is important to study innate immune antiviral response induced by this virus in infected cells. Type-I interferons (IFN, interferon-alpha/beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF activated by NF-kappa B) are potent antiviral cytokines that play an important role during innate immune antiviral response. A wide-spectrum of viruses utilizes pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) like t...
Source: Virology Journal - November 17, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: Ahmed SabbahSantanu Bose Source Type: journals

Early antiviral therapy key for H1N1: WHOEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pregnant women, young children and those with underlying a risk factor should start to take an antiviral at the first hint of having the flu, the World Health Organization says in updated guidelines for doctors. (Source: CBC | Health)
Source: CBC | Health - November 12, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Newer trends in the management of genital herpesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nath Amiya Kumar, Thappa Devinder MohanIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2009 75(6):566-574Management of genital herpes is complex. Apart from using the standard antivirals, an ideal management protocol also needs to address various aspects of the disease, including the psychological morbidity. Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir or famciclovir are recommended for routine use. Long-term suppressive therapy is effective in reducing the number of recurrences and the risk of transmission to others. Severe or disseminated disease may require intravenous therapy. Resistant cases are managed with foscarnet or ci...
Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology - November 12, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: Nath Amiya Kumar, Thappa Devinder Mohan Source Type: journals

Rapid antiviral therapy helps fight H1N1: WHOEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The World Health Organization is urging rapid treatment with antiviral drugs to combat severe cases of swine flu. The UN agency says at-risk people like pregnant women should start treatment as soon as possible after symptoms start. (Source: CBC | Health)
Source: CBC | Health - November 12, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C in patients with advanced liver disease and after liver transplantationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents one of the major causes for end-stage liver disease worldwide. Although liver transplantation offers an effective treatment, HCV reinfection of the transplanted graft is a critical and almost inevitable complication with major influence on graft- and patient survival. Pre-transplant antiviral therapy in advanced liver disease is limited by poor tolerance and only applicable to mildly decompensated patients but was able to show promising results in patients reaching negative viral load when undergoing transplantation. Prophylactic therapy ...
Source: Medical Microbiology and Immunology - November 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: Medical Microbiology and Immunology Source Type: journals

Developments in Immunologic Assays for Respiratory VirusesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses the major immunologic methods employed for respiratory virus diagnosis, recent developments in immunoassays and sample collection, and current test algorithms. (Source: Clinics in Laboratory Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Laboratory Medicine - November 4, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Marie Louise Landry Source Type: journals

Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System: A Case-Based Review.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Three patients with viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated on an inpatient infectious diseases consultation service within a two-week period. These cases, caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus and enterovirus, highlight the importance of viral pathogens in causing debilitating infections of the CNS and provide examples of the utility of molecular diagnostics in evaluating patients with encephalitis and meningitis. The importance of antiviral therapy is particularly underscored by these cases, as is the variability in response of patients to such agents. PMID: 19889944 [...
Source: Clin Med Res - November 4, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Big C, Reineck LA, Aronoff DM Tags: Clin Med Res Source Type: journals

HCC Risk Remains High Following at Least 12 Months of Antiviral Therapy in Cirrhotic Patients With Chronic Hepatitis BEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Capsule Summary - A multivariate analysis identified cirrhosis, older age, and male sex as independent predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in patients receiving at least 12 months of oral antiviral therapy, most of which was lamivudine based. (Source: Clinical Care Options Hepatitis - HBV)
Source: Clinical Care Options Hepatitis - HBV - November 3, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

Treatment of erythrodermic psoriasis in HCV+ patient with adalimumabEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Erythrodermic psoriasis is a severe and disabling variant of psoriasis. The authors present the case of a 48-year-old man with psoriasis and hemophilia presented with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin therapy. At the end of antiviral therapy, skin manifestation progressively worsened, becoming erythrodermic, with lack of efficacy of steroid therapy. The authors decided to start biological therapy with induction dose of adalimumab (Humira, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Chicago, IL) 80 mg at Week 0 and 40 mg weekly. In our case, this resulted in a high...
Source: Dermatologic Therapy - November 3, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: Antonio Giovanni Richetta, Elisa Maiani, Valentina Carlomagno, Valentina Carboni, Carlo Mattozzi, Simona Giancristoforo, Stefano Calvieri Tags: SIDeMaST Source Type: journals

Candida esophagitis complicated by an esophago-airway fistula: Report of a caseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Candida esophagitis rarely involves life-threatening complications, such as necrosis, perforation, or fistula formation between the esophagus and the airway. We herein report a case of Candida esophagitis complicated by esophagobronchial and esophagopulmonary fistulas. The patient in our study was a 70-year-old man with a 3-month history of dysphagia. Based on endoscopy and histological findings, he was diagnosed with a coinfection of Candida spp. and herpes simplex virus. Antifungal and antiviral therapy was administered without success. The esophagopulmonary fistula formation and a lung abscess ...
Source: Surgery Today - November 2, 2009 Category: Surgery Tags: Surgery Today Source Type: journals

Pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza: Clinical management guidelinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: Department of Health (DH) Area: News These documents update provisional guidance for the clinical management of patients with symptoms of influenza-like illness, severe influenza and complications, provided in 2007 by the British Infection Society, British Thoracic Society and Health Protection Agency in collaboration with the Department of Health [Pandemic flu: clinical management of patients with an influenza-like illness during an influenza pandemic. Thorax 2007;62;1-46]. The management guideline for adults and children includes recommendations for both primary and secondary care, on assessment and m...
Source: NeLM - News - November 2, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

Cutaneous Herpes Zoster and Implantable Pulse GeneratorEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. He had excellent recovery of HZ lesions and related pain after specific antiviral therapy. The importance of a correct diagnosis of this unusual complication is outlined in order to minimize the risk of debilitating chronic HZ-associated pain. (Source: Neuromodulation)
Source: Neuromodulation - October 29, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Luigi Michele Romito, Alberto Albanese Source Type: journals

An antiviral leash for HIV?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A protein that tethers HIV and other viruses to the cell membrane could be co-opted as a new type of antiviral therapy (Source: The Scientist)
Source: The Scientist - October 29, 2009 Category: Science Authors: Jef Akst Source Type: info

Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B reinfection in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients after liver transplantationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, pre-OLT HCC and HCC recurrence after transplantation were associated with HBV reinfection and with decreased patient survival. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin and antiviral therapy was only partially effective in preventing HBV reinfection in patients with HCC recurrence. Liver Transpl 15:1525-1534, 2009. © 2009 AASLD. (Source: Liver Transplantation)
Source: Liver Transplantation - October 28, 2009 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Sammy Saab, Melina Yeganeh, Kelvin Nguyen, Francisco Durazo, Steven Han, Hasan Yersiz, Douglas G. Farmer, Leonard I. Goldstein, Myron J. Tong, Ronald W. Busuttil Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Treatment modalities for hypersplenism in liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report we review the two treatment options, their associated outcomes and complications. PMID: 19859992 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - October 28, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sibulesky L, Nguyen JH, Paz-Fumagalli R, Taner CB, Dickson RC Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: journals

Hepatitis C comorbidities affecting the course and response to therapy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several studies have demonstrated that the outcome of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection is profoundly influenced by a variety of comorbidities. Many of these comorbidities have a significant influence on the response to antiviral therapy. These comorbidities negatively affect the course and outcome of liver disease, often reducing the chance of achieving a sustained virological response with PEGylated interferon and ribavirin treatments. Comorbidities affecting response to antiviral therapy reduce compliance and adherence to inadequate doses of therapy. The most important comorbidities affecting the course of CHC inc...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - October 28, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: El-Zayadi AR Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: journals

FDA authorises emergency use of IV antiviral peramivir for 2009 H1N1 influenza (swine flu)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: FDA Area: News In response to a request from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the FDA has issued an emergency use authorisation (EUA) for the investigational IV antiviral peramivir, in certain adult and paediatric patients with confirmed or suspected 2009 H1N1 influenza infection who are admitted to a hospital. Specifically, IV peramivir is authorised only for use in those patients for whom therapy with an IV drug is clinically appropriate, based on one or more of the following: . The patient is not responding to either oral or inhaled antiviral therapy . Drug deli...
Source: NeLM - News - October 26, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

Antiviral Completion Rates and Sustained Viral Response in Hepatitis C Patients With and Without Preexisting Major Depressive Disorder [ORIGINAL RESEARCH REPORTS]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Patients with MDD can be safely and effectively treated with antiviral therapy. (Source: Psychosomatics)
Source: Psychosomatics - October 23, 2009 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hauser, P., Morasco, B. J., Linke, A., Bjornson, D., Ruimy, S., Matthews, A., Rifai, A., Indest, D. W., Loftis, J. M. Tags: Depression, Syndromes Secondary to General Medical Disorders ORIGINAL RESEARCH REPORTS Source Type: journals

Partial splenic embolization and peg-IFN plus RBV in liver transplanted patients with hepatitis C recurrence: safety, efficacy and long-term outcomeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bárcena R, Moreno A, Foruny JR, Blázquez J, Graus J, Riesco JM, Blesa C, García-Hoz F, Sánchez J, Gil-Grande L, Nuño J, Fortún J, Rodriguez-Sagrado MA, Moreno A. Partial splenic embolization and peg-IFN plus RBV in liver transplanted patients with hepatitis C recurrence: safety, efficacy and long-term outcome.Clin Transplant 2009 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2009.01081.x© 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract: Background: There is limited information on the long-term outcome in liver transplant (LT) subjects undergoing partial splenic embolization (PSE) prior to full dose pegylated interferon/ribavirin (peg-IFN/RBV).Metho...
Source: Clinical Transplantation - October 22, 2009 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Rafael Bárcena, Ana Moreno, José R Foruny, Javier Blázquez, Javier Graus, José M Riesco, Carlos Blesa, Fernando García-Hoz, Juan Sánchez, Luis Gil-Grande, Javier Nuño, Jesús Fortún, Miguel A Rodriguez-Sagrado, Alberto Moreno Source Type: journals

[Correspondence] Pregnancy and H1N1 infectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Denise Jamieson and colleagues highlight high morbidity and mortality rates in pregnant women infected with the H1N1 influenza virus. Admission rates were 41% and the median time from symptom onset to receipt of antiviral therapy was 9 days. Could earlier initiation of antiviral treatment have resulted in a better outcome? (Source: LANCET)
Source: LANCET - October 22, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Lin Lin Su, Jerry Chan, Yap Seng Chong, Mahesh Choolani, Arijit Biswas, EL Yong Tags: Correspondence Source Type: journals

Predictive value of on-treatment response during full-dose antiviral therapy of patients with hepatitis C virus cirrhosis and portal hypertensionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. Full-dose antiviral therapy with PEG-IFN and ribavirin can be safely carried out even in patients with compensated, fully established cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Selecting patients on the basis of HCV genotype and viral load, and application of on-treatment stopping rule may help rationalize treatment in patients who are unlikely to obtain SVR. (Source: Journal of Internal Medicine)
Source: Journal of Internal Medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: E. G. Giannini, M. Basso, V. Savarino, A. Picciotto Source Type: journals

Prophylactic vitrectomy for acute retinal necrosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions Prophylactic vitrectomy is effective in preventing the development of RRD in eyes where necrotic lesions do not extend beyond the midperiphery (zone 2). Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical InvestigationDOI 10.1007/s10384-009-0698-zAuthors Tomoka Ishida, Komagome Hospital Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Tokyo JapanYoshiharu Sugamoto, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo JapanSunao Sugita, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Departm...
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - October 21, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Source Type: journals

A new tool linking human cytomegalovirus drug resistance mutations to resistance phenotypes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Drug resistant strains of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in patients at risk may increasingly develop into a problem in the clinical setting. Genotypic resistance testing is becoming the method of choice, but requires previous phenotypic characterisation of each newly found mutation. In order to facilitate the interpretation of the patient's CMV sequence data, a web based search tool was generated that links the sequence to a database containing all published UL97 (protein kinase) and UL54 (DNA polymerase) mutations and corresponding antiviral drug susceptibility phenotypes. It is reasonable to assume that HCMV drug resi...
Source: Antiviral Research - October 21, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: Chevillotte M, von Einem J, Meier BM, Lin FM, Kestler HA, Mertens T Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: journals

[Reflection and Reaction] Controlling hepatitis C with immunotherapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We read with great interest Daniel P Webster and colleagues' Review of the development of new treatments for hepatitis C. The authors emphasised the promise of new selective inhibitors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and their acceptable side-effect profiles. However, the clinical trial of specifically targeted antiviral therapy for HCV showed that it often leads to new mutant viruses and it is unclear whether the response can be sustained off-therapy. Therefore, more effective and tolerable treatments, such as new immune-based treatments, are being actively developed to complement or replace standard treatments of HCV. (Source...
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - October 18, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yin Wen, Lei Ying feng, Yang Jing, Lu Xin, Xu Zhikai Tags: Reflection and Reaction Source Type: journals

Pediatric Supplement: Recommendations for use of antiviral medications for 2009 H1N1 influenza in children and adolescentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This document provides clinician guidance regarding use of antiviral medications for the management of 2009 H1N1 influenza in children and adolescents. Questions and answers regarding high risk groups, considerations for antiviral therapy, pharmaceutical considerations, and considerations for post-exposure chemoprophylaxis. Additional resources are included. (Source: CDC Swine Flu Updates)
Source: CDC Swine Flu Updates - October 16, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: organizations

Successful antiviral therapy determines a significant decrease in squamous cell carcinoma antigen-associated (SCCA) variants' serum levels in anti-HCV positive cirrhotic patients*Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary. Aberrant squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) expression is an early event in hepatocarcinogenesis, and increasing serum levels of SCCA variants IgM immune complexes (SCCA-IgM IC) have been found in cirrhotic patients developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We longitudinally evaluated a cohort of cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) who underwent pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin treatment. SCCA-IgM IC levels were assessed in the sera of 33 cirrhotic patients with HCV (21 males, median age 57 years) before, at the end and at 6-month and 1-year follow-up after treatment with PEG...
Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis - October 12, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: E. G. Giannini, M. Basso, M. Bazzica, P. Contini, S. Marenco, V. Savarino, A. Picciotto Source Type: journals

Splenectomy and antiviral treatment for thrombocytopenic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary. Thrombocytopenic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are poor candidates for antiviral treatment with interferon (IFN), but no standard treatment for thrombocytopenia has yet been established. We evaluated the safety of splenectomy and its efficacy for the initiation and continuation of antiviral therapy. From March 2003 to April 2006, 10 patients (mean age 62.5 years) with HCV-related cirrhosis, low platelet count (≦106 000/mm3) and splenomegaly (spleen size ≧10 cm) underwent splenectomy. Platelet counts significantly increased at 4[ndash]8 weeks after splenectomy [pre: 64 200 ±...
Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis - October 12, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: K. Ikezawa, M. Naito, T. Yumiba, K. Iwahashi, Y. Onishi, H. Kita, A. Nishio, T. Kanno, T. Matsuura, A. Ono, M. Chiba, T. Mizuno, H. Aketa, K. Maeda, T. Michida, K. Katayama Source Type: journals

Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B: Challenges in Hong KongEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
I read with great interest the review article by Prof. Liaw published in a recent issue of this journal . The article highlighted the reality and difficulties many patients and clinicians in Asian countries are now facing in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Although the more recent antiviral agents (entecavir and tenofovir) have strong antiviral potency and very low risk of drug resistance, these drugs may not be available to all patients in need. This is due to the restricted reimbursement criteria in place in different countries as well as the low income of the population in some areas. (Source: Journal of Hepatology)
Source: Journal of Hepatology - October 7, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Henry Lik-Yuen Chan Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: journals

Two- and three-dimensional QSAR studies on benzyl amide-ketoacid inhibitors of HIV integrase and their reduced analoguesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The discovery of clinically relevant inhibitors of HIV-integrase for antiviral therapy has proven to be a challenging task. Ketoacid-derived inhibitors selectively inhibit the strand transfer reaction of HIV-integrase. To elucidate the structural properties required for HIV-integrase inhibitory activity, we present here the results of two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) QSAR studies of a series of 24 benzyl amide derivatives. The 2D-QSAR studies were performed using three methods: the multiple linear regression method (MLR), giving r 2 = 0.9340 and q 2 = 0.8471; the partial ...
Source: Medicinal Chemistry Research - October 6, 2009 Category: Chemistry Tags: Medicinal Chemistry Research Source Type: journals

Structure-based virtual screening for novel inhibitors of Japanese encephalitis virus NS3 helicase/nucleoside triphosphataseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a significant cause of human morbidity and mortality throughout Asia and Africa. Vaccines have reduced the incidence of JE in some countries, but no specific antiviral therapy is currently available. The NS3 protein of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a multifunctional protein combining protease, helicase and nucleoside 5'-triphosphatase (NTPase) activities. The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of this protein has recently been solved using a roentgenographic method. This enabled structure-based virtual screening for novel inhibitors of JEV NS3 helicase/NTPase. The aim of the pres...
Source: FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology - October 5, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Agnieszka Kaczor, Dariusz Matosiuk Source Type: journals

Factors and outcome in BK virus nephropathy in a Hispanic kidney transplant populationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
D. Pérez-Torres, J. Bertrán-Pasarell, E. Santiago-Delpín, M. González-Ramos, S. Medina-Mangual, L. Morales-Otero, Z. González-Caraballo. Factors and outcome in BK virus nephropathy in a Hispanic kidney transplant population.Transpl Infect Dis 2009. All rights reserved BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) is an increasingly recognized cause of kidney allograft loss and is thought to be related to the newer, more potent immunosuppressive agents. Conflicting information has been reported on risk factors for BK infection. To determine incidence, associated factors, and outcome of BKVN in our kidney transplant population in order t...
Source: Transplant Infectious Disease - October 4, 2009 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: D. Pérez-Torres, J. Bertrán-Pasarell, E. Santiago-Delpín, M. González-Ramos, S. Medina-Mangual, L. Morales-Otero, Z. González-Caraballo Source Type: journals

The Use of Cyclosporine for Recurrent Hepatitis C After Liver Transplant: A Randomized Pilot StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions This randomized controlled pilot study is the first in vivo study evaluating cyclosporine versus tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients undergoing antiviral therapy. Change from tacrolimus to cyclosporine led to a modest HCV RNA drop and appeared to enhance the antiviral response of PEG/RBV. A larger randomized study is necessary to see if cyclosporine offers any advantage over tacrolimus. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-0981-3Authors Roberto J. Firpi, University of Florida Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Section of Hep...
Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences - October 2, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Digestive Diseases and Sciences Source Type: journals

Antiviral Treatment of Patients with Recurrent Hepatitis C After Liver Transplantation with Pegylated InterferonEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions The outcome of antiviral combination therapy for HCV reinfection after OLT can be best predicted by week-24 virologic response. The high SVR rates in patients with detectable HCV RNA at week 12 might suggest a prolonged treatment protocol in liver transplant recipients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-0982-2Authors Sven C. Schmidt, Universitätsmedizin Berlin Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, und Transplantationschirurgie, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin GermanyMarcus Bahra, Universitätsmedizin Berlin Klinik...
Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences - October 2, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Digestive Diseases and Sciences Source Type: journals

Clinical Evaluation of a colorimetric oligonucleotide chip for Genotyping Hepatitis C Virus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: To our knowledge this oligonucleotide chip genotyping method offers a fast and convenient way to determine the genotype in large-scale settings. The tests can be easily adapted by a clinical diagnostic laboratory. PMID: 19786007 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Biochemistry)
Source: Clinical Biochemistry - September 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mao H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhao J, Lu Z, Jin G, Gu S, Wang H, Wang Y Tags: Clin Biochem Source Type: journals

CD81 expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes before and after treatment with interferon and ribavirin in HIV/HCV coinfected patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CD81 is expressed on lymphocytes and confers HCV viral infectivity support. The aim of our study was to quantify CD81 expression in peripheral blood B- and T-cells of HCV/HIV-coinfected patients and healthy subjects to examine its association with several HCV virological characteristics and the therapeutic responsiveness to HCV antiviral treatment. We carried out a cross-sectional study on 122 naïve patients. For a duration of 48 weeks, 24 out of 122 patients underwent HCV antiviral therapy with interferon (IFN)-[alpha] and ribavirin. T- and B-cell subsets were analysed by flow cytometry. We found that HIV/HCV coinfected ...
Source: HIV Medicine - September 23, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: D Micheloud, J González-Nicolás, J Berenguer, R Lorente, P Miralles, JC López, J Cosín, P Catalán, MaÁ Muñoz-Fernández, S Resino Source Type: journals

Clinical and virological survey of patients with hepatitis B surface antigen in an Italian region: Clinical considerations and disease burdenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in an Italian region, Liguria (1,572,000 inhabitants), by means of a network of 12 referral centers for liver diseases. All patients with HBV surface antigen followed throughout 2006 were included. Personal data, infectious status with risk factors, other non-infectious risk factors for liver disease, clinical status, and treatment were the questionnaire. Four hundred forty-five patients (71% male) were evaluated. Their median age was 48 years (range 5-84), and 83.4% were of Italian origin. Community-acquired infection was the princi...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - September 21, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: Francesco Torre, Monica Basso, Edoardo G. Giannini, Marcello Feasi, Silvia Boni, Alessandro Grasso, Pasqualina De Leo, Ferdinando Dodi, Maria Grazia Marazzi, Emilio Azzola, Valentina Bartolacci, Gianfranco Percario, Andrea Beltrame, Paolo Borro, Antonino Tags: Research Article Source Type: journals

Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in chronic hepatitis C.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is now widely recognized that chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes, so can be considered a metabolic disease. IR is most strongly associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1, in contrast to hepatic steatosis, which is associated with genotype 3 infection. Apart from the well-described complications of diabetes, IR in CHC predicts faster progression to fibrosis and cirrhosis that may culminate in liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. More recently, it has been recognized that IR in CHC predicts a poor response to antiviral therapy. The molecular mechani...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - September 20, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Douglas MW, George J Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: journals

Relationship between serum HBV DNA level and HBV-specific, nonspecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Serum HBV DNA level of patients with CHB is related to HBV specific CTL, nonspecific CTL and NK cells, which might result in inflammatory reaction of liver and cause more damage to liver function. Mechanism of HBV DNA level affecting the efficacy of anti-viral treatment may be related to the levels of HBV specific CTL and NK cells. PMID: 19781297 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Medical Journal)
Source: Chinese Medical Journal - September 19, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Gu XB, Yang XJ, Wang D, Hua Z, Xu YQ, Lu ZH Tags: Chin Med J (Engl) Source Type: journals

The role of quantitative hepatitis B serology in the natural history and management of chronic hepatitis BEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a serious clinical problem worldwide. Advances in molecular technology have enabled the development of sensitive assays for the detection and quantification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleic acid and demonstrated a positive correlation between serum HBV DNA levels and disease progression. Assessment of specific serologic and virologic factors also plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and effective management of individuals with CHB. Recent development of quantitative assays for intrahepatic HBV replicative intermediates, as well as hepatitis B e antigen and hepati...
Source: Hepatology International - September 18, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Hepatology International Source Type: journals

Iron depletion before HCV antiviral therapy: A pilot, randomized, controlled trialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is not known whether iron depletion before pegylated IFN or combination treatment improves sustained virological response (SVR) rate in patients with chronic hepatitis C, despite its use in clinical practice in this setting. We aimed to investigate whether blood letting improves the efficacy (SVR) and tolerability of PEG-IFN[alpha]2b + Ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients. Patients with chronic hepatitis C and ferritin >100 ng/mL were randomized to: (1) repeated phlebotomies to obtain a ferritin level (Source: Journal of Clinical Apheresis)
Source: Journal of Clinical Apheresis - September 16, 2009 Category: Hematology Authors: Ivan Gentile, Chiara Viola, Luigi Paesano, Marcello D'Onofrio, Elio D'Agostino, Raimondo Cerini, Francesco Borrelli, Marcello Piazza, Guglielmo Borgia Source Type: journals

Acute myocarditis in children: Current concepts and managementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Opinion statement The spectrum of presentation of pediatric myocarditis ranges from minor flu-like illness with chest pain to acute cardiogenic shock in a previously healthy child. A major change in the diagnostic evaluation of myocarditis is a shift in focus away from endomyocardial biopsy and histologic confirmation toward cardiac MRI for noninvasive diagnosis and prognostication of acute myocarditis. Cardiac MRI may be particularly useful in pediatric patients, considering the risks associated with biopsy in children. Some of the MRI characteristics seen in pediatric patients with acute myocarditis also m...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - September 16, 2009 Category: Cardiology Tags: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine Source Type: journals

Triple antiviral therapy shows synergy for pandemic H1N1 in vitroEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Read the full story on MD Consult: Triple antiviral therapy shows synergy for pandemic H1N1 in vitro (Source: MD Consult: News: Top Stories)
Source: MD Consult: News: Top Stories - September 16, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: info

Facial herpes zoster infection precipitated by surgical manipulation of the trigeminal nerve during exploration of the posterior fossa: a case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Postoperative shingles precipitated by trigeminal nerve manipulation during surgery for trigeminal neuralgia can be a distressing and demoralizing experience for the patient. A careful preoperative history, early recognition, and prompt antiviral therapy is necessary. (Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports)
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - September 15, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: journals

Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms in Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B on Outcomes in Solid‐Organ Transplant Recipients with Cytomegalovirus DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. No specific gB genotype appears to confer a specific CMV virulence advantage. However, mixed gB genotype infections are associated with higher viral loads and delayed viral clearance. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue - September 14, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article MAJOR ARTICLE Source Type: journals

Retreatment Benefits Some Hepatitis C Non-RespondersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In patients with chronic hepatitis C infection who fail to respond to standard antiviral therapy, retreatment with either pegylated interferon alfa plus ribavirin or pegylated interferon alfa plus ribavirin in combination with antiviral therapies may lead to a sustained virologic response, according to a study in the September issue of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. (Source: Modern Medicine)
Source: Modern Medicine - September 8, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: info

Adenovirus infections in solid organ transplant recipients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adenoviruses are emerging as important viral pathogens in solid organ transplant recipients, impacting morbidity, graft survival and even mortality. This review will discuss the current understanding of the epidemiology, diagnosis and therapy of adenovirus infection in transplant recipients. RECENT FINDINGS: Advances in the field include the use of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of adenoviral infection, a better understanding of the epidemiology, immune response and potential new therapies, including preemptive and adoptive immunotherapy strategies. Adenoviral infections appear to be comm...
Source: Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation - September 6, 2009 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Hoffman JA Tags: Curr Opin Organ Transplant Source Type: journals