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Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Delivering the Secretome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19923401 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine)
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - November 21, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Abman SH, Matthay MA Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: journals

Inhaled nitric oxide improves lung structure and pulmonary hypertension in a model of bleomycin-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonatal ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Whether inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) prevents the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants is controversial. In adult rats, bleomycin (Bleo) induces lung fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension, but the effects of Bleo on the developing lung and iNO treatment on Bleo-induced neonatal lung injury are uncertain. Therefore, we sought to determine whether early and prolonged iNO therapy attenuates changes of pulmonary vascular and alveolar structure in a model of BPD induced by Bleo treatment of neonatal rats. Sprague-Dawley rat pups were treated with Bleo (1 mg/kg ip daily) or vehicle (controls) from day...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - November 21, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tourneux, P., Markham, N., Seedorf, G., Balasubramaniam, V., Abman, S. H. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Hyperoxia disrupts vascular endothelial growth factor-nitric oxide signaling and decreases growth of endothelial colony-forming cells from preterm infantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Exposure of preterm infants to hyperoxia impairs vascular growth, contributing to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity. Disruption of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-nitric oxide (NO) signaling impairs vascular growth. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may play an important role in vascular growth. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), a type of EPC, from human preterm cord blood are more susceptible to hyperoxia-induced growth impairment than term ECFCs. Therefore, we hypothesized that hyperoxia disrupts VEGF-NO signaling and impairs growth in preterm ECFCs and that ...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - November 21, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fujinaga, H., Baker, C. D., Ryan, S. L., Markham, N. E., Seedorf, G. J., Balasubramaniam, V., Abman, S. H. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Inhaled Nitric Oxide Decreases Leukocyte Trafficking in the Neonatal Mouse Lung During Exposure to >95% Oxygen.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide Decreases Leukocyte Trafficking in the Neonatal Mouse Lung During Exposure to >95% Oxygen. Pediatr Res. 2009 Nov 12; Authors: Rose MJ, Stenger MR, Joshi MS, Welty SE, Bauer JA, Nelin LD Chronic lung injury in the neonate is termed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). These patients generally require supplemental oxygen therapy, and hyperoxia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of BPD. The concomitant use of oxygen and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) may result in the generation of reactive nitrogen species, or may have an anti-inflammatory effect in the neonatal lung. We tested the hypothesi...
Source: Pediatric Research - November 12, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Rose MJ, Stenger MR, Joshi MS, Welty SE, Bauer JA, Nelin LD Tags: Pediatr Res Source Type: journals

Pulmonary interstitial glycogenosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present a case of pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis that developed in a nonintubated, 31-week gestation infant in whom infectious etiologies had been excluded. The infant was well initially and then developed respiratory distress at 18 days of life. Radiographs at first day of life were normal, but CT and radiographic findings at 18 days of life showed severe interstitial lung disease, mimicking BPD. Lung biopsy showed pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis. This entity is not well described in the pediatric radiology literature and is important to consider, as the condition is responsive to a course ...
Source: Pediatric Radiology - November 10, 2009 Category: Radiology Tags: Pediatric Radiology Source Type: journals

Varicose bronchiectasis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe varicose bronchiectasis with a bulbous appearance in a 6-year-old child with a complicated course including BPD during the neonatal period. PMID: 19863834 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)
Source: Respiratory Care - November 1, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hayes D, Kriss VM, Iocono JA, Dixon BJ, Collins PB, Ballard HO Tags: Respir Care Source Type: journals

Clara Cell Secretory Protein in Tracheobronchial Aspirates and Umbilical Cord Serum of Extremely Premature Infants with Systemic Inflammation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Reduced anti-inflammatory CC10 concentrations in airways of extremely premature infants with a fetal inflammatory response might make their lungs susceptible for further postnatal injuries. Umbilical cord serum CC10 is not an indicator for a fetal systemic inflammatory reaction. PMID: 19887851 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neonatology)
Source: Neonatology - October 29, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Thomas W, Seidenspinner S, Kawczyńska-Leda N, Chmielnicka-Kopaczyk M, Marx A, Wirbelauer J, Szymankiewicz M, Speer CP Tags: Neonatology Source Type: journals

Therapeutic effects of hypercapnia on chronic lung injury and vascular remodeling in neonatal ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of our study was to determine whether evolving chronic neonatal lung injury, using a rat model, is resistant to the beneficial effects of hypercapnia or simply requires a less conservative approach to hypercapnia than that applied clinically to date. Neonatal rats inhaled air or 60% O2 for 14 days with or without 5.5% CO2. Lung parenchymal neutrophil and macrophage numbers were significantly increased by hyperoxia alone, which was associated with interstitial thickening and reduced secondary crest formation. The phagocyte influx, interstitial thickening, and impaired alveolar formation were significantly atte...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - October 26, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Masood, A., Yi, M., Lau, M., Belcastro, R., Shek, S., Pan, J., Kantores, C., McNamara, P. J., Kavanagh, B. P., Belik, J., Jankov, R. P., Tanswell, A. K. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Pulmonary effects of keratinocyte growth factor in newborn rats exposed to hyperoxiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Acute lung injury and compromised alveolar development characterize bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) of the premature neonate. High levels of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), a cell-cell mediator with pleiotrophic lung effects, are associated with low BPD risk. KGF decreases mortality in hyperoxia-exposed newborn rodents, a classic model of injury-induced impaired alveolarization, although the pulmonary mechanisms of this protection are poorly defined. These were explored through in vitro and in vivo approaches in the rat. Hyperoxia decreased by 30% the rate of wound closure of a monolayer of fetal alveolar epithelial cel...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - October 26, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Franco-Montoya, M.-L., Bourbon, J. R., Durrmeyer, X., Lorotte, S., Jarreau, P.-H., Delacourt, C. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Economic Evaluation of Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Preterm Infants Undergoing Mechanical VentilationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite its higher price relative to many other neonatal therapies, iNO in this trial was not associated with higher costs of care, an effect that is likely due to its impact on length of stay and ventilation. Indeed, for infants who receive nitric oxide between 7 and 14 days of life, the therapy seemed to lower costs while improving outcomes. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - October 26, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Zupancic, J. A. F., Hibbs, A. M., Palermo, L., Truog, W. E., Cnaan, A., Black, D. M., Ballard, P. L., Wadlinger, S. R., Ballard, R. A., and the NO CLD Trial Group Tags: Premature & Newborn ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation with Air Induces Apoptosis and Causes Failure of Alveolar Septation and Angiogenesis in Lungs of Newborn Mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study is the first to show that prolonged MV of developing lungs, without associated hyperoxia, can inhibit alveolar septation and angiogenesis, increase apoptosis and lung elastin, findings that could reflect stretch-induced changes in VEGF and TGFbeta signaling, as reported in CLD. Key words: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD), Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease (CLD), Lung growth and development, Alveolar and pulmonary capillary formation, VEGF and VEGF-R2; TGF; mechanical stretch; elastin. PMID: 19854954 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - October 23, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Mokres LM, Parai K, Hilgendorff A, Ertsey R, Alvira CM, Rabinovitch M, Bland RD Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: journals

Understanding the Sequence of Pulmonary Injury in the Extremely Low Birth Weight, Surfactant-Deficient InfantEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article provides bedside clinicians with foundational information about the sequence of events that can ultimately lead to neonatal chronic lung disease and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Neonatal Network (Source: Medscape Critical Care Headlines)
Source: Medscape Critical Care Headlines - October 22, 2009 Category: Intensive Care Tags: Nursing Source Type: info

Inhaled Nitric Oxide Improves Lung Structure and Pulmonary Hypertension in a Model of Bleomycin-Induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Neonatal Rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Whether inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) prevents the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants is controversial. In adult rats, bleomycin (BLEO) induces lung fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension, but the effects of BLEO on the developing lung and iNO treatment on BLEO-induced neonatal lung injury are uncertain. Therefore, we sought to determine whether early and prolonged iNO therapy attenuates changes of pulmonary vascular and alveolar structure in a model of BPD induced by BLEO treatment of neonatal rats. Sprague-Dawley rat pups were treated with BLEO (1 mg/kg i.p. daily) or vehicle (controls) fr...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - October 15, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tourneux P, Markham NE, Seedorf G, Balasubramaniam V, Abman SH Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: journals

Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in naturally derived commercial surfactantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite the role of reactive oxygen species in the development of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants, the anti-oxidant properties of commercial surfactants have never been studied. We measured the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, the scavenger activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and its changes after the addition of SOD and CAT in four natural surfactants, namely Infasurf, Curosurf, Survanta, and Alveofact. We found that they contain measurable amount of SOD and CAT. Curosurf and Survanta seem to have higher antioxidant effect than Infas...
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - October 13, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Carlo Dani, Giuseppe Buonocore, Mariangela Longini, Cosetta Felici, Antonello Rodriguez, Iuri Corsini, Firmino F. Rubaltelli Source Type: journals

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and brain white matter damage in the preterm infant: a complex relationshipEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Gagliardi L, Bellù R, Zanini R, Dammann O and the Network Neonatale Lombardo Study Group. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and brain white matter damage in the preterm infant: a complex relationship. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2009; 23: 582[ndash]590. We analysed the relationship between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and brain white matter damage (WMD) in very preterm infants, adjusting for common risk factors and confounders. We studied a cohort of infants (Source: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology)
Source: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology - October 12, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Luigi Gagliardi, Roberto Bellù, Rinaldo Zanini, Olaf Dammann Tags: Obstetric and neonatal care Source Type: journals

Daycare attendance and risk for respiratory morbidity among young very low birth weight childrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether daycare attendance is associated with even higher risk for respiratory problems among VLBW children. We hypothesized that VLBW children attending daycare, in a private home or daycare center, are at higher risk for respiratory problems than VLBW children not attending daycare. We also investigated whether the effect of daycare is independent or synergistic with respiratory risk resulting from being VLBW, as indicated by having bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) as a neonate. We conducted a prospective study of VLBW children followed from birth to age 2-3 (N = 715). Logistic...
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - October 11, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Erika W. Hagen, Mona Sadek-Badawi, Mari Palta Source Type: journals

RESEARCH LETTERS: Childhood Course of Lung Function in Survivors of Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: JAMA)
Source: JAMA - October 6, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Filippone, M., Bonetto, G., Cherubin, E., Carraro, S., Baraldi, E. Tags: Pediatrics, Neonatology and Infant Care, Pediatrics, Other, Pulmonary Diseases, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Pulmonary Diseases, Other Research Letters Source Type: journals

Hyperoxia Exposure Alters Hepatic Eicosanoid Metabolism in Newborn Mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Prematurely born infants are often treated with supraphysiologic amounts of oxygen, which is associated with lung injury and the development of diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Complimentary responses between the lung and liver during the course of hyperoxic lung injury have been studied in adult animals, but little is known about this relationship in neonates. These studies tested the hypothesis that oxidant stress occurs in the livers of newborn mice in response to continuous hyperoxia exposure. Greater levels of glutathione disulfide and nitrotyrosine were detected in lung tissues but not liver tissues f...
Source: Pediatric Research - October 4, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Rogers LK, Tipple TE, Britt RD, Welty SE Tags: Pediatr Res Source Type: journals

Improved weight attainment of extremely low-gestational-age infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
o & M Hack (Source: Journal of Perinatology)
Source: Journal of Perinatology - September 30, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: J MaddenK KobalyN M MinichM SchluchterD Wilson-CostelloM Hack Source Type: journals

Preterm premature rupture of membranes: does the duration of latency influence perinatal outcomes?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Latency does not appear to worsen outcomes in pregnancies that are complicated by PPROM. (Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)
Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology - September 28, 2009 Category: OBGYN Authors: Tracy A. Manuck, Courtney C. Maclean, Robert M. Silver, Michael W. Varner Tags: Selected papers from the 29th annual meeting (The Pregnancy Meeting) of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Source Type: journals

Epidemiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: First described more than 40 years ago, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains one of the most serious and vexing challenges in the care of very preterm infants. Affecting approximately one-quarter of infants born (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 28, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Linda J. Van Marter Source Type: journals

Lack of Association Between FXIII-Val34Leu, FVII-323 del/ins, and Transforming Growth Factor β1 (915G/T) Gene Polymorphisms and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (A Single-Center Study)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
DNA and Cell Biology , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: DNA and Cell Biology)
Source: DNA and Cell Biology - September 25, 2009 Category: Cytology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Prologue: Advances in Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It has been 42 years since our first published report of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD); it is still a problem for premature infants. The original goal of using mechanical ventilation to treat premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure was to decrease the significant mortality. During the ensuing decades, a decrease in mortality has indeed occurred. Once recognized, it was hoped that a reduction of supplemental oxygen concentrations and ventilatory pressure would eliminate or decrease the incidence of BPD. This has, for the most part, been achieved in the 33 week gestational age infants ...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 25, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: William H. Northway Source Type: journals

Pathogenesis of Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Respiration (DOI:10.1159/000242497) (Source: Respiration)
Source: Respiration - September 24, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: journals

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid peptidomics suggests a possible matrix metalloproteinase-3 role in bronchopulmonary dysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions This study shows that proteomic techniques can be applied to investigate the involvement of proteolytic enzymes on the airways of mechanically ventilated premature infants. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Pediatric OriginalDOI 10.1007/s00134-009-1646-6Authors Giovanni Vento, Catholic University Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine Largo F. Vito 1 00168 Rome ItalyChiara Tirone, Catholic University Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine Largo F. Vito 1 00168 Rome ItalyPaola Lulli, Catholic University Institute of Biochemistr...
Source: Intensive Care Medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Intensive Care Tags: Intensive Care Medicine Source Type: journals

Long-term outcomes of bronchopulmonary dysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: As more very preterm infants survive, more survivors will have bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Children with BPD have higher rates of cognitive, educational and behavioural impairments, and also reduced lung function, through childhood and into early life than would normally be expected. The importance of these neurological and respiratory problems later into adult life needs to be determined. (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 22, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Lex W. Doyle, Peter J. Anderson Source Type: journals

Ventilatory management and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: Improvements in antenatal and neonatal care have resulted in increased survival of very preterm infants. However, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has not changed, probably as a consequence of a demographic shift. The underlying pathophysiology of BPD appears to differ for the current population of preterm infants compared to that described by Northway et al., and management strategies should be targeted to limit ventilator-induced lung injury. Non-invasive respiratory support techniques are currently under evaluation, but results of the trials have thus far failed to show a reduction in BPD. Thi...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 18, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Samir Gupta, Sunil K. Sinha, Steven M. Donn Source Type: journals

The role of integrin alpha8beta1 in fetal lung morphogenesis and injury.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we show that expression of the fibronectin receptor, integrin alpha8beta1, is decreased in the lung mesenchyme in the same inflammation model suggesting it is required for normal lung development. We verified a role for integrin alpha8beta1 in lung development using integrin alpha8-null mice, which develop fusion of the medial and caudal lobes as well as abnormalities in airway division. We further show in vivo and vitro that alpha8-null fetal lung mesenchymal cells fail to form stable adhesions and have increased migration. Thus we propose that integrin alpha8beta1 plays a critical role in lung morphogenesis...
Source: Developmental Biology - September 17, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Benjamin JT, Gaston DC, Halloran BA, Schnapp LM, Zent R, Prince LS Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: journals

Early alterations of growth factor patterns in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from preterm infants developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, substantial alterations in BALF growth factor levels are present in infants developing BPD. An early imbalance in pulmonary growth factors may contribute to the developmental arrest of the lung seen in BPD. PMID: 19770691 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Pediatric Research)
Source: Pediatric Research - September 17, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Been JV, Debeer A, van Iwaarden JF, Kloosterboer N, Passos VL, Naulaers G, Zimmermann LJ Tags: Pediatr Res Source Type: journals

The ‘new’ bronchopulmonary dysplasia: challenges and commentaryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: Lung development is orchestrated by highly integrated morphogenic programs of interrelated patterns of gene and protein expression. Injury to the developing lung in the canalicular and saccular phases of lung development alters subsequent alveolar and vascular development resulting in simplified alveolar structures, dysmorphic capillary configuration, variable interstitial cellularity and fibroproliferation that are characteristic of the ‘new’ bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Fetal and neonatal infection, abnormal stretch of the developing airways and alveoli, altered expression of surfactant proteins (or gen...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 11, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: T. Allen Merritt, Douglas D. Deming, Bruce R. Boynton Source Type: journals

Drug therapies in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: debunking the mythsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), also known as chronic lung disease (CLD), is one of the most challenging complications in premature infants. The incidence of BPD has been increasing over the past two decades in parallel with an improvement in the survival of this population. Furthermore, the clinical characteristics and the natural history of infants affected by BPD have changed considerably, and newer definitions to clarify the term ‘BPD’ have also evolved since its first description more than four decades ago. Several drug therapies have also evolved, either to manage these infants' respiratory distress sy...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 11, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Win Tin, Thomas E. Wiswell Source Type: journals

Therapeutic effects of hypercapnia on chronic lung injury and vascular remodeling in neonatal rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of our study was to determine whether evolving chronic neonatal lung injury, using a rat model, is resistant to the beneficial effects of hypercapnia, or simply requires a less conservative approach to hypercapnia than that applied clinically to date. Neonatal rats inhaled air or 60% O2 for 14 d, with or without 5.5% CO2. Lung parenchymal neutrophil and macrophage numbers were significantly increased by hyperoxia alone, which was associated with interstitial thickening and reduced secondary crest formation. The phagocyte influx, interstitial thickening and impaired alveolar formation were significantly attenu...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - September 10, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Masood A, Yi M, Lau M, Belcastro R, Shek S, Pan J, Kantores C, McNamara PJ, Kavanagh BP, Belik J, Jankov RP, Tanswell AK Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: journals

Endothelial Progenitors in the Risk of Developing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Can We Include Endothelial Progenitor Cells in BPD Risk Assessment?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19734350 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine)
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - September 8, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Balasubramaniam V, Ingram DA Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: journals

Adrenomedullin Promotes Lung Angiogenesis, Alveolar Development and Repair.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and emphysema are significant global health problems at the extreme stages of life. Both are characterized by alveolar simplification and abnormal distal airspace enlargement due to arrested development or loss of alveoli, respectively. Both lack effective treatments. Mechanisms that inhibit distal lung growth are poorly understood. Adrenomedullin (AM), a recently discovered potent vasodilator, promotes angiogenesis and has protective effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory system. Its role in the developing lung is unknown. We hypothesized that AM promotes lung angiogenesis and a...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - September 7, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Vadivel A, Abozaid S, van Haaften T, Sawicka M, Eaton F, Chen M, Thebaud B Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: journals

EditorialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite the myriad of advances in neonatal intensive care in the more than 40 years since Prof. Northway and colleagues first coined the term “bronchopulmonary dysplasia” to describe the aftermath of neonatal mechanical ventilation, the incidence of chronic lung disease has not appreciably changed. Approximately 30–40% of infants weighing less than 1500g at birth sustain chronic lung disease, even with the advent of antenatal corticosteroid treatment, surfactant replacement therapy, and sophisticated techniques for both non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation. What has changed, however, is the demographic co...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 7, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Steven M. Donn, Sunil K. Sinha Source Type: journals

Prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: Considerable effort has been devoted to the development of strategies to reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), including use of medications, nutritional therapies, and respiratory care practices. Unfortunately, most of these strategies have not been successful. To date, the only two treatments developed specifically to prevent BPD whose efficacy is supported by evidence from randomized, controlled trials are the parenteral administration of vitamin A and corticosteroids. Two other therapies, the use of caffeine for the treatment of apnea of prematurity and aggressive phototherapy for the treatm...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - September 7, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Matthew M. Laughon, P. Brian Smith, Carl Bose Source Type: journals

Hyperoxia Disrupts Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Nitric Oxide Signaling and Decreases Growth of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells from Preterm Infants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Exposure of preterm infants to hyperoxia impairs vascular growth, contributing to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity. Disruption of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-nitric oxide (NO) signaling impairs vascular growth. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may play an important role in vascular growth. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), a type of EPC, from human preterm cord blood (CB) are more susceptible to hyperoxia-induced growth impairment than term ECFCs. Therefore, we hypothesized that hyperoxia disrupts VEGF-NO signaling and impairs growth in preterm ECFCs,...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - September 3, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fujinaga H, Baker CD, Ryan SL, Markham NE, Seedorf GJ, Balasubramaniam V, Abman SH Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: journals

Evidence of changes in the immunophenotype and metabolic characteristics (intracellular reactive oxygen radicals) of fetal, but not maternal, monocytes and granulocytes in the fetal inflammatory response syndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Journal of Perinatal Medicine 37 (5): 543-552 Abstract Objective: The fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) is present in a fraction of fetuses exposed to intra-amniotic infection and is associated with the impending onset of labor and multisystem organ involvement. Neonates born with funisitis, the histologic counterpart of fetal systemic inflammation, are at increased risk for cerebral palsy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The aim of this study was to determine whether fetal and maternal granulocytes and monocytes have the phenotypic and metabolic characteristics of activation in cases with FIRS. Study design: A ca...
Source: Journal of Perinatal Medicine - September 3, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: journals

Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathwayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report, we have demonstrated that Wnt7b regulates a program of mesenchymal differentiation in the mouse lung that is essential for SMC development. Genetic loss-of-function studies showed that Wnt7b and β-catenin were required for expression of Pdgfrα and Pdgfrβ and proliferation in pulmonary SMC precursors. In contrast, gain-of-function studies showed that activation of Wnt signaling increased the expression of both Pdgfrα and Pdgfrβ as well as the proliferation of SMC precursors. We further showed that the effect on Pdgfr expression was, in part, mediated by direct transcri...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 2, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ethan David Cohen, Kaori Ihida-Stansbury, Min Min Lu, Reynold A. Panettieri, Peter Lloyd Jones, Edward E. Morrisey Source Type: journals

Effects of Transfusions in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: A Retrospective StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: When our 2006 PRBC transfusion guidelines were used, no identifiable clinical benefits were identified, but increased complications of prematurity were noted. New, more restrictive guidelines were developed as a result of this study. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - August 31, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Olga A. Valieva, Thomas P. Strandjord, Dennis E. Mayock, Sandra E. Juul Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

A prospective comparative evaluation of persistent respiratory morbidity in esophageal atresia and congenital diaphragmatic hernia survivorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Esophageal atresia and CDH are associated with equal risk of long-term respiratory morbidity, growth impairment, and disturbed maximal exercise performance. Prospective follow-up of EA patients aimed at identifying respiratory problems other than tracheomalacia should be an integral part of interdisciplinary follow-up programs. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery - August 31, 2009 Category: Surgery Authors: Saskia J. Gischler, Monique H.M. van der Cammen-van Zijp, Petra Mazer, Gerard C. Madern, Nikolaas M.A. Bax, Johan C. de Jongste, Monique van Dijk, Dick Tibboel, Hanneke Ijsselstijn Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Preterm Resuscitation With Low Oxygen Causes Less Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Chronic Lung DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Resuscitation of preterm neonates with 30% oxygen causes less oxidative stress, inflammation, need for oxygen, and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - August 30, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Vento, M., Moro, M., Escrig, R., Arruza, L., Villar, G., Izquierdo, I., Roberts, L. J., Arduini, A., Escobar, J. J., Sastre, J., Asensi, M. A. Tags: Premature & Newborn ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Outcome of Extreme Prematurity: A Prospective Comparison of 2 Regional Cohorts Born 20 Years ApartEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Over 20 years, there has been a significant increase in live births at ≤30 weeks' gestational age, with a greater percentage of these neonates surviving without severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 24 months. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - August 30, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Bode, M. M., D'Eugenio, D. B., Forsyth, N., Coleman, J., Gross, C. R., Gross, S. J. Tags: Premature & Newborn ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Surfactant replacement therapy in the neonate: beyond respiratory distress syndrome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Surfactant-replacement therapy is a life-saving treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome, a disorder characterized by surfactant deficiency. Repletion with exogenous surfactant decreases mortality and thoracic air leaks and is a standard practice in the developed world. In addition to respiratory distress syndrome, other neonatal respiratory disorders are characterized by surfactant deficiency, which may result from decreased synthesis or inactivation. Two of these disorders, meconium aspiration syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, might also be amenable to surfactant-replacement therapy. Th...
Source: Respiratory Care - August 30, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Donn SM, Dalton J Tags: Respir Care Source Type: journals

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic respiratory disease that results from complications related to the lung injury during the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome, or develops in older infants when abnormal lung growth occurs. The definition and classification of BPD have changed since the original diagnosis was established many years ago. The incidence of BPD continues to grow as lower-birth-weight infants continue to survive. The primary focus of all treatment associated with premature infants is on prevention of BPD. Surfactant replacement, invasive and noninvasive ventilation technique...
Source: Respiratory Care - August 30, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Deakins KM Tags: Respir Care Source Type: journals

Beta6 Integrin Subunit Deficiency Alleviates Lung Injury in a Mouse Model of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pulmonary inflammation is associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. We have previously shown that perinatal pulmonary expression of human interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is sufficient to cause a lung disease similar to BPD, characterized by inflammation, impaired alveolarization, poor postnatal growth, and increased mortality in infant mice. The alphavbeta6 integrin plays a critical role in regulating inflammation in the adult lung. To study the role of the beta6 integrin subunit in neonatal inflammatory lung disease, we compared the pulmonary development in IL-1beta-express...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - August 27, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hogmalm A, Sheppard D, Lappalainen U, Bry K Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: journals

Airway Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevents Arrested Alveolar Growth in Neonatal Lung Injury in Rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. BMSCs prevent arrested alveolar and vascular growth in part through a paracrine activity. Stem cell-based therapies may offer new therapeutic avenues for lung diseases that currently lack efficient treatments. PMID: 19713449 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Am J Respir Crit Car...)
Source: Am J Respir Crit Car... - August 26, 2009 Category: Intensive Care Authors: van Haaften T, Byrne R, Bonnet S, Rochefort GY, Akabutu J, Bouchentouf M, Rey-Parra GJ, Galipeau J, Haromy A, Eaton F, Chen M, Hashimoto K, Abley D, Korbutt G, Archer SL, Thebaud B Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: journals

Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Attenuate Lung Injury in a Murine Model of Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: BMSCs act in a paracrine manner via the release of immunomodulatory factors to ameliorate the parenchymal and vascular injury of BPD in vivo. Our study suggests that BMSCs and factor(s) they secrete offer new therapeutic approaches for lung diseases currently lacking effective treatment. PMID: 19713447 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Am J Respir Crit Car...)
Source: Am J Respir Crit Car... - August 26, 2009 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Aslam M, Baveja R, Liang OD, Fernandez-Gonzalez A, Lee C, Mitsialis SA, Kourembanas S Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: journals

Quality Improvement Program a Success for Canadian NICUsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A continuous quality improvement program in Canadian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) helped reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and nosocomial infections, according to a study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal... (Source: SCCM RSS News)
Source: SCCM RSS News - August 26, 2009 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: news

Behavioral Signs of Respiratory Instability: The Development and Administration of a Scale to Monitor Signs of Respiratory Distress During Developmental Interventions in Infants With Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report outlines application and use of the BSRI with two bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients during their inpatient stay. It demonstrates both a favorable and undesirable response to oxygen weaning when comparing the total BSRI score to the patients daily oxygen requirement. This information provided the medical team at the Nationwide Children's Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with a more complete clinical picture than that obtained from routine physiological variables. It is the developers' hope that the scale ultimately has the potential to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. (Source: Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews)
Source: Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews - August 26, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Melissa Hanin, Kelly Susey, Chris Beck, Alfred Gest, Edward Shepherd Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals