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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

The effect of feedback on compliance with the ventilator care bundle
Introduction: The ventilator care bundle (VCB) is a group of four evidence-based procedures (head of bed elevation; daily sedation hold and readiness to wean assessment; gastric ulcer prevention; deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis). Implemented as an ‘all or nothing’ strategy it may result in clinical outcome improvement. (Source: Australian Critical Care)
Source: Australian Critical Care - May 1, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: P. Lawrence-Baxter, P. Fulbrook Source Type: research

Current feeding and exercise practices the day of the race in French Standardbred trotters
Trainers’ expertise and experience form the foundation for managing trotting horses. Although there are some studies on general feeding and training practices of French trotters no data is available for the race-day itself. Therefore during the Meeting of Paris-Vincennes 2012, 20 trainers from the Grosbois training center were surveyed from the night before until the day after a race. When in training, horses were all routinely fed morning, midday and evening meals of a concentrate (mainly pellets). 70% of trainers provided hay in the morning and evening with 20% also giving hay at midday. When racing, horses arrived at ...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - April 29, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J. Fortier, V. Julliand, P.A. Harris, A.G. Goachet Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Gastroprotective effects of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract against ethanol‐induced gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions in rats
ConclusionsOur study reports the gastroprotective property of an ethanolic extract of C. olitorius against ethanol‐induced gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions in rats. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - April 23, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Rami Al Batran, Fouad Al‐Bayaty, Mahmood A. A., Mazen M. Jamil, Maryam Hajrezaei, Pouya Hassandarvish, Mustafa Fouad, Shahram Golbabapour Tags: Experimental Gastroenterology Source Type: research

The association between serious upper gastrointestinal bleeding and incident bisphosphonate use: a population-based nested cohort study
Background: Oral bisphosphonates are commonly used to prevent / treat osteoporosis. However, bisphosphonate treatment is not without risk and serious adverse effects, including upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) have been described. We sought to determine if new users of bisphosphonate drugs were more likely to suffer a serious UGIB within 120 days of drug initiation. Methods: This was a population-based nested cohort study utilizing administrative healthcare data in British Columbia, Canada. Community based individuals >= 65 years with a new prescription for a bisphosphonate between 1991 and 2007 were included. A mult...
Source: BMC Geriatrics - April 20, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Jennifer Knopp-SihotaGreta CummingsJoanne HomikDon Voaklander Source Type: research

New immunological investigations on Helicobacter pylori induced gastric ulcer in patients
Abstract Helicobacter pylori (Hp) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer diseases, but little is known about the probable mechanisms of these gastrointestinal damages in patients. We aimed to compare the immune response in gastric ulcer patients (GUP) due to Hp infection (Hp+) with gastritis patients (GP) to find out the exact mechanisms that cause ulcer formation. Then the sensitivity and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs), which were obtained from patients, were evaluated by MTT assay against exposure with complex Hp crude antigen (HPCA) and mitogen (p...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - April 16, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Hamid Reza Rahimi, Manoochehr Rasouli, Akram Jamshidzadeh, Shohreh Farshad, Mehdi Saberi Firoozi, Ali Reza Taghavi, Simin Kiany Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Correlation of hK6 expression with tumor recurrence and prognosis in advanced gastric cancer
Conclusion: hK6 is overexpressed in advanced gastric cancer tissues. Its clinical utility may be used as anunfavorable indicator in predicting tumor recurrence and prognosis for advanced gastriccancer after operation. This study also suggests that hK6 might be a potential therapeutictarget for gastric cancer.Virtual slidesThe virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/8558403578787206 (Source: Diagnostic Pathology)
Source: Diagnostic Pathology - April 15, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Xunqi LiuHailin XiongJun LiYing HeXia Yuan Source Type: research

Extraction of the volatile oil from Carum carvi of Tunisia and Lithuania by supercritical carbon dioxide: chemical composition and antiulcerogenic activity.
This study investigates whether the essential oil prepared from Carum carvi seeds exhibits antiulcerogenic activity. Its volatile oil was obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and by hydrodistillation. The essential oils were analysed by GC-MS to monitor their composition. The chemical analysis revealed that the essential oils extracted under SFE conditions had high carvone and limonene contents. The antiulcerogenic activity was evaluated by the HCl/ethanol method, which causes injury to the gastric mucosa. Three treated groups received the essential oil (100-300 mg/kg). The reference group received omeprazole ...
Source: Natural Product Research - March 18, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Baananou S, Bagdonaite E, Marongiu B, Piras A, Porcedda S, Falconieri D, Boughattas N Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: research

The management of perforated gastric ulcers
Conclusion: Almost all perforated gastric ulcers can be effectively managed by laparotomy and omental patch repair. Initial biopsy and follow-up endoscopy with repeat biopsy is essential to avoid missing an underlying malignancy. (Source: International Journal of Surgery)
Source: International Journal of Surgery - March 18, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Matthew Fraser Leeman, Christos Skouras, Simon Paterson-Brown Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Study of the cytoxin-associated gene a (CagA gene) in Helicobacter pylori using gastric biopsies of Iraqi patients
Conclusions: The structure of the 3' region of the CagA gene in Iraqi strains was Western type with a variable number of EPIYA-C and CM motifs. A significant association was found between increase in number of EPIYA-C motifs and GU compared with gastritis indicating predictive association with the severity of the disease. The GenBank accession numbers for the partial CagA nucleotide sequences determined in this study are JX164093-JX164112. (Source: The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology - March 12, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Elham A KalafZahra M Al-KhafajiNahi Y YassenFadel A AL-AbbudiSaad N Sadwen Source Type: research

Screening of alkaloidal fraction of Conium maculatum L. aerial parts for analgesic and antiinflammatory activity
Reecha Madaan, S KumarIndian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2012 74(5):457-460Conium maculatum Linn. (Umbelliferae) has been traditionally used in the treatment of spasmodic disorders, and to relieve nervous excitation, rheumatic pains in the old and feeble, pain in stomach, pain of gastric ulcer, nervousness and restlessness. Alkaloids have long been considered as bioactive group of constituents present in C. maculatum. Despite a long tradition of use, C. maculatum has not been evaluated pharmacologically to validate its traditional claims for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities. Thus, the present investigations...
Source: Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - March 12, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Reecha MadaanS Kumar Source Type: research

Vulnerability of gastric mucosa in diabetic rats, its pathogenesis and amelioration by Cuminum cyminum
This study is the first attempt to understand the pathogenesis of gastric ulcers occurring during the diabetic state considering alternate biochemical pathways using suitable markers and its amelioration by Cuminum cyminum. In this study, diabetic rats showed a progressive increase in the stomach advanced glycated end products formation, gastric mucosal tumour necrosis factor-α and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels as compared to normal control (nondiabetic) rats. There was decrease in gastric mucosal content, antioxidant enzymes and cellular ATPase enzyme levels of diabetic gastric mucosa when com...
Source: Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - March 12, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: N VadorAarti G JagtapArchana Damle Source Type: research

Phytochemical, antioxidant and protective effect of Rhus tripartitum root bark extract against ethanol-induced ulcer in rats.
Abstract Rhus tripartitum (sumac) is an Anacardiaceae tree with a wide phytotherapeutic application including the use of its roots in the management of gastric ulcer. In the present study the Rhus tripartitum root barks extract (RTE) was phytochemical studied, in vitro tested for their potential antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assay and in vivo evaluated for its ability to prevent ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The RTE was rich in phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and polysaccharide contents and exhibited a low but not weak in vitro antioxidant activity when c...
Source: General Physiology and Biophysics - March 1, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Alimi H, Mbarki S, Barka ZB, Feriani A, Bouoni Z, Hfaeidh N, Sakly M, Tebourbi O, Rhouma KB Tags: Gen Physiol Biophys Source Type: research

Anti-secretory and cyto-protective effects of chebulinic acid isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula on gastric ulcers
Graphical abstract: Abstract: In continuation of our drug discovery program on Indian medicinal plants, the gastro protective mechanism of chebulinic acid isolated from Terminalia chebula fruit was investigated. Chebulinic acid was evaluated against cold restraint (CRU), aspirin (AS), alcohol (AL) and pyloric ligation (PL) induced gastric ulcer models in rats. Potential anti-ulcer activity of chebulinic acid was observed against CRU (62.9%), AS (55.3%), AL (80.67%) and PL (66.63%) induced ulcer models. The reference drug omeprazole (10mg/kg, p.o.) showed 77.73% protection against CRU, 58.30% against AS and 70.80% against P...
Source: Phytomedicine - February 25, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Vaibhav Mishra, Manali Agrawal, Samuel Adetunji Onasanwo, Gaurav Madhur, Preeti Rastogi, Haushila Prasad Pandey, Gautam Palit, Tadigoppula Narender Tags: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Ulcerogenic risk assessment of diets for pigs in relation to gastric lesion prevalence
Conclusions: Three factors emerged: the elevated mass (42.6%) of (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles - February 22, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Maria Grazia CappaiMaurizio PicciauWalter Pinna Source Type: research

Low rate of recurrence of Helicobacter Pylori infection in spite of high clarithromycin resistance in Pakistan
Conclusion: A low rate of recurrence of H. pylori infection was found in patients with dyspeptic symptoms. H. pylori isolates demonstrated a high invitro clarithromycin resistance. (Source: BMC Gastroenterology)
Source: BMC Gastroenterology - February 21, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Javed YakoobShahab AbidWasim JafriZaigham AbbasKhalid MumtazSaeed HamidRashida Ahmed Source Type: research

Mucosal healing effect of mesalazine granules in naproxen-induced small bowel enteropathy.
CONCLUSION: According to the small bowel CE evaluation mesalazine granules significantly attenuated mucosal injuries in patients with moderate-to-severe enteropathies induced by naproxen. PMID: 23431027 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - February 14, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Rácz I, Szalai M, Kovács V, Regőczi H, Kiss G, Horváth Z Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Chemical constituents and antihistamine activity of Bixa orellana leaf extract
Conclusions: The experimental findings demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory activity of AEBO was due to its inhibitory effect on vascular permeability, which was suppressed as a result of the reduced expression of biochemical mediators (NO and VEGF) in tissues. Our results contribute towards the validation of the traditional use of Bixa orellana in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. (Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine)
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - February 14, 2013 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Yoke YongZainul ZakariaArifah KadirMuhammad SomchitGwendoline Ee Cheng LianZuraini Ahmad Source Type: research

Birth-Cohort Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Incidence in the United States
It has been suggested that the decline in Helicobacter pylori infection in the general population may have partly contributed to the declining time trends of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality observed in many Western countries. This suggestion was supported by a recent study analyzing the long-term time trends of mortality from rectum and colon cancer in 6 different European countries. The analysis showed that in all countries alike, the time trends of colorectal mortality have been shaped by underlying birth-cohort patterns that are strikingly similar to those of other H pylori–induced diseases such as gastric c...
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - February 4, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Amnon Sonnenberg, Brent Y. Lee Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

NHE8 plays important roles in gastric mucosal protection
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHE) 8 is an apically expressed membrane protein in the intestinal epithelial cells. It plays important roles in sodium absorption and bicarbonate secretion in the intestine. Although NHE8 mRNA has been detected in the stomach, the precise location and physiological role of NHE8 in the gastric glands remain unclear. In the current study, we successfully detected the expression of NHE8 in the glandular region of the stomach by Western blotting and located NHE8 protein at the apical membrane in the surface mucous cells by a confocal microscopic method. We also identified the expression of downregul...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - February 1, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Xu, H., Li, J., Chen, H., Wang, C., Ghishan, F. K. Tags: MUCOSAL BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Role of antisecretory agents for gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection
Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) causes artificial gastric ulcers and there is no consensus regarding the optimal perioperative management in terms of prevention of intra‐ or postoperative bleeding and promotion of healing. Traditionally, 8‐week administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and mucosal protective agents were used in the same way as for peptic ulcer management. However, recent studies have revealed that prior use of PPI might reduce intraoperative bleeding or early‐phase postoperative bleeding, and combination of histamine‐2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), and second‐look endoscopy migh...
Source: Digestive Endoscopy - January 24, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Philip WY Chiu, Hsui‐Po Wang Tags: Review Source Type: research

Prednisolone/tacrolimus: Gastric ulcer and gastroenteritis due to EBV/CMV infection in a child: case report
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - January 8, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

The usefulness of ulcer size and location in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant gastric ulcer.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the location and diameter of gastric ulcers may be used as a marker of risk factors for developing gastric cancer. PMID: 23292642 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift)
Source: Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift - January 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Koçak E, Kılıç F, Akbal E, Taş A, Köklü S, Filik L, Bıyıkoğlu I, Ergül B Tags: Wien Klin Wochenschr Source Type: research

[Case Report] Uterine leiomyosarcoma and Leser-Trélat sign
In December, 2010, a 79-year-old nulliparous woman presented to our outpatient clinic for investigation of a 6 month history of postmenopausal bleeding. She had experienced menopause at the age of 46 years and had never used hormonal replacement therapy. She had had surgery for a gastric ulcer when she was 39 years old and had been taking anti-hypertensives since 1990. She reported that she had had a few, small (<1 cm) warty lesions on her body for 20 years and that a rapid increase in their size and number had coincided with the postmenopausal bleeding. (Source: LANCET)
Source: LANCET - January 4, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sanae Abakka, Hatim Elhalouat, Nadia Khoummane, Mouad Achaaban, Sabah ElAmrani, Samir Bargach, Mounia Yousfi Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Stroke Drug Kills Bacteria That Cause Ulcers And Tuberculosis
A drug currently being used to treat ischemic strokes may prove to be a significant advance in the treatment of tuberculosis and ulcers. In a new research report appearing online in The FASEB Journal, a compound called ebselen effectively inhibits the thioredoxin reductase system in a wide variety of bacteria, including Helicobacter pylori which causes gastric ulcers and Mycobacterium tuberculosis which causes tuberculosis. Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase proteins are essential for bacteria to make new DNA, and protect them against oxidative stress caused by the immune system... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 2, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Tuberculosis Source Type: news

Protective action of ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in gastric ulcer prevention induced by ethanol in rats.
In this study, we evaluated the ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (eeRo); this plant, more commonly known as rosemary, has attracted the interest of the scientific community due to its numerous pharmacological properties and their potential therapeutic applications. Here, we tested the preventive effects of eeRo against gastric ulcer induced by 70% ethanol in male Wistar rats. In addition, we aimed to clarify the mechanism involved in the preventive action of the eeRo in gastric ulcers. Based on the analysis of markers of oxidative damage and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems, the measurement of nitrite an...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - December 29, 2012 Category: Food Science Authors: Amaral GP, de Carvalho NR, Barcelos RP, Dobrachinski F, Portella RD, da Silva MH, Lugokenski TH, Dias GR, da Luz SC, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Villetti MA, Antunes Soares FA, Fachinetto R Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Active secretion and protective effect of salivary nitrate against stress in human volunteers and rats.
In conclusion, this study suggests that stress promotes salivary nitrate secretion and nitrite formation, which may play important roles in gastric protection against stress-induced injury via the nitrate-dependent NO pathway. PMID: 23277147 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine)
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - December 28, 2012 Category: Biology Authors: Jin L, Qin L, Xia D, Liu X, Fan Z, Zhang C, Gu L, He J, Ambudkar IS, Deng D, Wang S Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Pepsin is nitrated in the rat stomach, acquiring antiulcerogenic activity: a novel interaction between dietary nitrate and gut proteins.
Abstract Dietary nitrate is reduced to nitrite and nitric oxide ((•)NO) in the gut, producing reactive species able to nitrate proteins and lipids. We investigated intragastric production of (•)NO and nitrating agents in vivo by examining selective nitration of pepsinogen and pepsin. We further addressed the functional impact of nitration on peptic activity by evaluating the progression of secretagogue-induced ulcers. Pepsinogen nitration was assessed in healthy and diclofenac-induced ulcerated rat stomachs. Both groups were fed nitrite or water by oral gavage. Protein nitration was studied by immunofluorescenc...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - December 28, 2012 Category: Biology Authors: Rocha BS, Gago B, Barbosa RM, Lundberg JO, Mann GE, Radi R, Laranjinha J Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Melatonin inhibits matrix metalloproteinase‐9 activity by binding to its active site
Abstract The zinc‐dependent matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key enzymes associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling; they play critical roles under both physiological and pathological conditions. MMP‐9 activity is linked to many pathological processes including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, gastric ulcer, tumor growth, and cancer metastasis. Specific inhibition of MMP‐9 activity may be a promising target for therapy of diseases characterized by dysregulated ECM turnover. Potent MMP‐9 inhibitors including an indole scaffold were recently reported in a X‐ray crystallographic study. Herein, w...
Source: Journal of Pineal Research - December 27, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Deep Sankar Rudra, Uttam Pal, Nakul Chandra Maiti, Russel J. Reiter, Snehasikta Swarnakar Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research

Hippocratic screening and subchronic oral toxicity assessments of the methanol extract of Vatairea macrocarpa heartwood in rodents
In conclusion, the results demonstrate relative safety profile of MEVm in the experimental animals. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Loxoprofen/methylprednisolone: Gastric ulcer: case report
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - December 11, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Anti-ulcerogenic activity of the root bark extract of the African laburnum "Cassia sieberiana" and its effect on the anti-oxidant defence system in rats
Conclusions: The gastro-cytoprotective effect, inhibition of decrease in activity of gastric anti-oxidant enzymes and MPO as well as the inhibition of gastric LPO level suggests that one of the anti-ulcer mechanisms of C. sieberiana is the anti-oxidant property. (Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine)
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - December 10, 2012 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Edmund NarteyMark OfosuheneCaleb Agbale Source Type: research

Structure of the proton-gated urea channel from the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori
; Hartmut Luecke Half the world’s population is chronically infected with Helicobacter pylori, causing gastritis, gastric ulcers and an increased incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma. Its proton-gated inner-membrane urea channel, HpUreI, is essential for survival in the acidic environment of the stomach. The channel is closed at neutral pH and opens at acidic pH to allow the rapid access of urea to cytoplasmic urease. Urease produces NH3 and CO2, neutralizing entering protons and thus buffering the periplasm to a pH of roughly 6.1 even in gastric juice at a pH below 2.0. Here we report the structure of HpUreI, re...
Source: Nature - December 9, 2012 Category: Research Authors: David StrugatskyReginald McNultyKeith MunsonChiung-Kuang ChenS. Michael SoltisGeorge SachsHartmut Luecke Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Structure of the proton-gated urea channel from the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori
Nature advance online publication 09 December 2012. doi:10.1038/nature11684 Authors: David Strugatsky, Reginald McNulty, Keith Munson, Chiung-Kuang Chen, S. Michael Soltis, George Sachs & Hartmut Luecke Half the world’s population is chronically infected with Helicobacter pylori, causing gastritis, gastric ulcers and an increased incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma. Its proton-gated inner-membrane urea channel, HpUreI, is essential for survival in the acidic environment of the stomach. The channel is closed at neutral pH and opens at acidic pH to allow the rapid access of urea to cytoplasmic urease. Urease produ...
Source: Nature AOP - December 9, 2012 Category: Research Authors: David StrugatskyReginald McNultyKeith MunsonChiung-Kuang ChenS. Michael SoltisGeorge SachsHartmut Luecke Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Trends in the eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori infection for eleven years.
CONCLUSION: This study showed that there was no trend change in the H. pylori eradication rate over the most recent 11 years in our institution. PMID: 23236238 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - December 7, 2012 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Yoon JH, Baik GH, Sohn KM, Kim DY, Kim YS, Suk KT, Kim JB, Kim DJ, Kim JB, Shin WG, Kim HY, Baik IH, Jang HJ Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

NHE8 plays important roles in gastric mucosal protection.
Abstract NHE8 is an apically expressed membrane protein in the intestinal epithelial cells. It plays important roles in sodium absorption and bicarbonate secretion in the intestine. Although NHE8 mRNA has been detected in the stomach, the precise location and physiological role of NHE8 in the gastric glands remain unclear. In the current study, we successfully detected the expression of NHE8 in the glandular region of the stomach by western blotting, and located NHE8 protein at the apical membrane in the surface mucous cells by confocal microscopic method. We also identified the expression of DRA in the surface muc...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - December 6, 2012 Category: Physiology Authors: Xu H, Li J, Chen H, Wang C, Ghishan FK Tags: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol Source Type: research

Clopidogrel, Aspirin and Proton Pump Inhibition after Percutaneous Valve Implants: An Update.
Conclusions: TAVR is a new technology that compresses a tissue valve onto an expandable stent. Technical and procedural issues have been solved, but strokes and major bleeding still affect patients' life despite double antiplatelet therapy given to reduce MACCE. To balance pros and cons, antithrombotic therapy with Warfarin or new anticoagulants can be used in patients with previous AF or NOAF to prevent stroke; while single antiplatelet with PPI is a better alternative in patients with liver disease, gastric ulcer or drug abuse to avoid bleeding events. While waiting for randomized trials, a tailored therapy based upon ph...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - December 4, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fusari M Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

The assessment of risk for gastrointestinal injury with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs : The possible beneficial effect of eicosapentaenoic acid for the risk of gastrointestinal injury.
Abstract Antithrombotic drugs have been increasingly used for treating ischemic cardiovascular diseases among the elderly in Japan. However, antithrombotic drugs are known to be risk factors for gastrointestinal injury. Therefore, we conducted a pharmacoepidemiologic study on patients receiving antithrombotic drugs to identify the risk factors for gastrointestinal injury. This retrospective case--control study included patients who were prescribed antithrombotic drugs at the Ehime University Hospital between April and September 2010. Of the 3271 patients who received antithrombotic drug therapy, 172 (5.3%) develope...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - December 3, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tanaka M, Tanaka A, Suemaru K, Araki H Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Increased apoptosis in osteoclasts and decreased RANKL immunoexpression in periodontium of cimetidine-treated rats.
In this study, a possible cimetidine interference was investigated in the number of alveolar bone osteoclasts. The incidence of osteoclast apoptosis and immunoexpression of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand) was also evaluated. Adult male rats were treated with 100 mg kg(-1) of cimetidine for 50 days (CimG); the sham group (SG) received saline. Maxillary fragments containing the first molars and alveolar bone were fixed, decalcified and embedded in paraffin. The sections were stained by H&E or submitted to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) method. TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl tran...
Source: Journal of Anatomy - December 2, 2012 Category: Anatomy Authors: Longhini R, de Oliveira PA, de Souza Faloni AP, Sasso-Cerri E, Cerri PS Tags: J Anat Source Type: research

Anti-platelet activity of diacetylated obovatol through regulating cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities.
Abstract Obovatol has been reported biological activities such as muscle relaxative, anti-gastric ulcer, anti-allergic and anti-bacterial activities. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of diacetylated obovatol, an obovatol derivative, on rabbit platelet aggregation, and their possible molecular mechanisms. Effects of diacetylated obovatol on platelet activation including aggregation and serotonin secretion were examined. In addition, we investigated the effect of diacetylated obovatol on archidonic acid and metabolites liberation and intracellular calcium mobilization. Diacetylated obovatol ...
Source: Archives of Pharmacal Research - December 1, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yu JY, Lee JJ, Jung JK, Min YK, Ma JY, Kim TJ, Lee MY, Yun YP Tags: Arch Pharm Res Source Type: research

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the stem of Musa sapientum Linn. in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Conclusion: Diabetic rats responded favorably to treatment with lyophilized stem juice of M. sapientum Linn., which exhibits antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects. (Source: Journal of Diabetes)
Source: Journal of Diabetes - November 28, 2012 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Piyush Dikshit, Kirtikar Shukla, Mool Kumar Tyagi, Piyush Garg, Jasvindar K. Gambhir, Rimi Shukla Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Helicobacter pylori cagA 12‐bp insertion can be a marker for duodenal ulcer in Okinawa, Japan
ConclusionsAlthough the mechanisms are unknown, the presence of 12‐bp insertion was associated with the presence of DU and might have a suppressive action on GU and GC. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - November 28, 2012 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Yuichi Matsuo, Seiji Shiota, Osamu Matsunari, Rumiko Suzuki, Masahide Watada, Tran Thanh Binh, Nagisa Kinjo, Fukunori Kinjo, Yoshio Yamaoka Tags: Clinical Gastroenterology Source Type: research

The type 2 CCK/gastrin receptor antagonist YF476 acutely prevents NSAID-induced gastric ulceration while increasing iNOS expression
Abstract YF476 differs from the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) esomeprazole in mode of action by antagonizing the type 2 receptor of cholecystokinin/gastrin (CCK-2R). YF476 protection against diclofenac-induced gastric ulcers was compared to esomeprazole and correlated with plasma levels of hormones related to gastric pH (gastrin, ghrelin, and somatostatin), gastric gene expression of these hormones, their receptors, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). YF476 or esomeprazole pretreatments were followed by diclofenac. Four hours later, gastric tissue was excised and analyzed for ulcer index. An intragastr...
Source: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology - November 26, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology Source Type: research

Panic attacks and supraventricular tachycardias: the chicken or the egg?
Abstract Panic attacks occur in about 2 % of the population. Symptoms include a racing or pounding heart beat, chest pain, dizziness, light-headedness, nausea, difficulty in breathing, tingling or numbness in the hands, flushes or chills, dreamlike sensations or perceptual distortions. The symptoms of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) may be similar. A PSVT is often difficult to document on the ECG since it has often ceased before the patient comes to medical attention. Besides, a tachycardia may still be present and even be documented but interpreted as a phenomenon secondary to the panic attack. In ...
Source: Netherlands Heart Journal - November 23, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Frommeyer G, Eckardt L, Breithardt G Tags: Neth Heart J Source Type: research

Nilotinib exacerbates diabetes mellitus by decreasing secretion of endogenous insulin.
We report a 74-year-old female with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in accelerated phase with pre-existing severe type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hemorrhagic gastric ulcers who was successfully treated with nilotinib. We first considered second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of this patient, as they elicit a superior response compared with imatinib. We next selected nilotinib, rather than dasatinib, since the increased risk of bleeding associated with dasatinib represented a greater risk of fatality than aggravation of T2D with nilotinib. After improvement of hemorrhagic gastric ulcers and T2D with ex...
Source: International Journal of Hematology - November 23, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Ito Y, Miyamoto T, Chong Y, Maki T, Akashi K, Kamimura T Tags: Int J Hematol Source Type: research

Tizanidine Increases Antinociceptive Effect and Prevents Gastric Damage Induced by Ketorolac in the Rat
In this study, we evaluated the potential synergistic effect of these drugs in the thermal paw stimulation model and their effect on gastric ulcer production in response in the rat. Dose‐response curves for ketorolac and tizanidine were constructed and from these, an ED40 value was obtained. Isobolographic analysis was carried out based on 0.5:0.5 proportions. In addition, protective effect of tizanidine against ketorolac‐induced gastric damage was evaluated. A synergistic interaction in thermal hyperalgesia and gastroprotective activity was observed, suggesting a good therapeutic potential of this combination in the t...
Source: Drug Development Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Juan Rodríguez‐Silverio, María Elena Sánchez‐Mendoza, Jesús Arrieta‐Valencia, Héctor Isaac Rocha‐Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Flores‐Murrieta Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Tizanidine Increases Antinociceptive Effect and Prevent Gastric Damage Induced by Ketorolac in the Rat
In this study, we evaluated the potential synergistic effect of these drugs in the thermal paw stimulation model and their effect on gastric ulcer production in response in the rat. Dose‐response curves for ketorolac and tizanidine were constructed and from these, an ED40 value was obtained. Isobolographic analysis was carried out based on 0.5:0.5 proportions. In addition, protective effect of tizanidine against ketorolac‐induced gastric damage was evaluated. A synergistic interaction in thermal hyperalgesia and gastroprotective activity was observed, suggesting a good therapeutic potential of this combination in the t...
Source: Drug Development Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Juan Rodríguez‐Silverio, María Elena Sánchez‐Mendoza, Jesús Arrieta‐Valencia, Héctor Isaac Rocha‐Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Flores‐Murrieta Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

AHA: PPI-Aspirin Pill Eases GI Ulcers in Heart Patients (CME/CE)
LOS ANGELES (MedPage Today) -- The incidence of gastric ulcers was reduced by more than half among individuals taking a combination tablet that added a proton pump inhibitor to aspirin for secondary prevention of heart disease, researchers reported here. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)
Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular - November 9, 2012 Category: Cardiology Source Type: news

Development of Bilayer Floating Tablet of Amoxicillin and Aloe vera Gel Powder for Treatment of Gastric Ulcers.
The objective of this project work was defined with a view to retain the drug in stomach for better antiulcer activity and substituting one of the synthetic drugs in this therapy with a herbal alternative. Hence, aim of the present work was to design and develop a bilayer floating tablet of amoxicillin and Aloe vera gel powder for the treatment of peptic ulcer. A. vera gel powder is used for its cytoprotective action. Bilayer floating tablets were prepared by applying direct compression technique. The proportion of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid was adjusted to get the least possible lag time with good matrix integrity...
Source: AAPS PharmSciTech - November 8, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ranade AN, Wankhede SS, Ranpise NS, Mundada MS Tags: AAPS PharmSciTech Source Type: research

Effects of Nabumetone and Dipyrone on Experimentally Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats
Abstract Nabumetone and dipyrone are non-acidic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Both of them are known to have weak inhibitory effects of cyclooxygenases. Gastric side effects represent the most common adverse drug effects of the widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The gastric effects of these drugs may be comparable in experimental ulcer models. In the present study, the gastric ulcerogenic activity of nabumetone and dipyrone were investigated on stress- and diethyldithiocarbamate-induced experimental ulcer models by determining the ulcer index and gastric mucus secretion in rats. It wa...
Source: Inflammation - November 5, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Inflammation Source Type: research

Antiulcerogenic activity of chlorogenic acid in different models of gastric ulcer
Abstract Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is found in many foods, including coffee, berries, potatoes, carrots, wine, apples, and various herbs, and has anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antitumoral actions. The CGA is well absorbed orally, and its effects on gastric ulcer have not been previously reported. The present manuscript evaluated the effect of oral administration of CGA on ethanol/HCl (Et/HCl) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric ulcer model in male Swiss mice. Animals were pretreated with 0.2 % carboxymethylcellulose (vehicle, p.o.), omeprazole (positive control, 30 mg...
Source: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology - November 5, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology Source Type: research