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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

miR‐223: infection, inflammation and cancer
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Journal of Internal Medicine)
Source: Journal of Internal Medicine - June 17, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Moritz Haneklaus, Motti Gerlic, Luke A. J. O'Neill, Seth L. Masters Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cross‐sectional and dynamic change of serum metabolite profiling for Hepatitis B‐related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure by UPLC/MS
Summary Summary Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure(ACLF) is an increasingly recognized entity encompassing an acute deterioration of liver function and results in the failure of one or more organs with high short‐term mortality. The focus of this study was to discover noninvasive and reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatitis B‐related ACLF. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) was used to analyse serum metabolites of 28 patients with hepatitis B‐related ACLF, 35 patients with Child‐Pugh A cirrhosis, 30 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 35 healthy volunte...
Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis - June 15, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: C. Y. Nie, T. Han, L. Zhang, Y. Li, H. Liu, S. X. Xiao, Y. Li, H. Kang, S. Y. Liu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Tenofovir halves HIV risk for injecting drug users
Conclusion This was a well-conducted trial which has many strengths, including its very large sample size, long duration of follow-up, and regular and thorough assessments of HIV outcomes, adherence to treatment, adverse effects and risk counselling. It found that daily oral tenofovir, when taken by injecting drug users, causes an almost 50% reduction in their relative risk of contracting HIV. It found that about seven to eight per 1,000 would develop HIV per year without taking tenofovir, reducing to three to four per 1,000 per year if they did take tenofovir. Although the drug has been demonstrated to be effect...
Source: NHS News Feed - June 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Medication Source Type: news

The AASLD clinical practice guidelines: A critical review of scientific evidence and evolving recommendations
Conclusions:Despite significant increases in the numbers of recommendations within AASLD practice guidelines over time, only a minority are supported by grade I evidence, highlighting the need for developing well‐designed investigations to provide evidence for areas of uncertainty and improving the quality of future guidelines in hepatobiliary diseases. (HEPATOLOGY 2013.) (Source: Hepatology)
Source: Hepatology - June 14, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Christopher Koh, Xiongce Zhao, Niharika Samala, Sasan Sakiani, T. Jake Liang, Jayant A. Talwalkar Tags: Clinical Observations in Hepatology Source Type: research

Persistent human hepatitis B virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys: A novel animal model in the search for a cure?
(Source: Hepatology)
Source: Hepatology - June 14, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jens Bukh, Robert E. Lanford, Robert H. Purcell Tags: Viral Hepatitis Source Type: research

Management of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Women of Reproductive Age
CCO Slideset - In this downloadable slideset, Anna S. F. Lok, MD, reviews the current recommendations on the management options for chronic HBV infection in women who are or may become pregnant. (Source: Clinical Care Options Hepatitis - HBV)
Source: Clinical Care Options Hepatitis - HBV - June 13, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Hepatitis B knowledge, perceptions and practices in the French general population: the room for improvement
Conclusions: This study highlights very contrasting levels of knowledge, perceptions and practices regarding HBV and HIV in the French general population. Our results demonstrate the need to improve the general and high-risk populations' knowledge of HBV, in particular concerning sexual transmission, in order to improve screening and vaccination practices.Cecile Brouard and Arnaud Gautier contributed equally to this work (Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - June 13, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Cécile BrouardArnaud GautierLeïla SaboniChristine JestinCaroline SemailleNathalie Beltzer Source Type: research

Predicting the presence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen in Chinese patients by pathology data mining
Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a pathogen of worldwide health significance, associated with liver disease. A vaccine is available, yet HBV prevalence remains a concern, particularly in developing countries. Pathology laboratories have a primary role in the diagnosis and monitoring of HBV infection, through hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) immunoassay and associated tests. Analysis of HBsAg immunoassay and associated pathology data from 821 Chinese patients applied 10‐fold cross‐validation to establish classification decision trees (CDTs), with CDT results used subsequently to develop a logistic regression model...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - June 13, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Guifang Shang, Alice Richardson, Michelle E. Gahan, Simon Easteal, Stephen Ohms, Brett A. Lidbury Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Shift in the hepatitis B virus genotype distribution in the last decade among the HBV carriers from eastern India: Possible effects on the disease status and hbv epidemiology
Abstract In a previous study from eastern India, the prevalence of HBV/C has been increasing among the blood donors. In order to analyze whether there has been any shift in HBV genotype distributions in recent years, the HBV genotypes prevalent during the periods 2000–2002 (Group‐I; n = 176) and 2007–2009 (Group‐II; n = 203) were compared, with special attention to changes in the proportion of HBV/C. The rate of prevalence of the three HBV genotypes (A, C, and D; percent prevalence 19.9/21.6/58.5 in Group‐I vs. 31.0/28.6/40.4 in Group‐II) underwent significant changes with increases in HBV/A and HBV/C a...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - June 13, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Avik Biswas, Rajesh Panigrahi, Manisha Pal, Subhasis Chakraborty, Prasun Bhattacharya, Shekhar Chakrabarti, Runu Chakravarty Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among hemodialysis patients in yogyakarta, Indonesia: Prevalence and molecular evidence for nosocomial transmission
Abstract Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the prevalence of hepatitis viral infection and its genotype distribution among hemodialysis patients in Indonesia are unclear. In order to investigate these issues and the possibility of nosocomial transmission, 161 hemodialysis patients and 35 staff members at one of the hemodialysis unit in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were tested for serological and virological markers of both viruses. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected in 18 patients (11.2%) and in two staff members (5.7%). Anti�...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - June 13, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Hanggoro Tri Rinonce, Yoshihiko Yano, Takako Utsumi, Didik Setyo Heriyanto, Nungki Anggorowati, Dewiyani Indah Widasari, Maria Inge Lusida,   Soetjipto, Heru Prasanto, Hak Hotta, Yoshitake Hayashi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

CDC: 1-in-12 Asian-Americans, Pacific Islanders have hepatitis B
ATLANTA, June 12 (UPI) -- Know Hepatitis B is a U.S. multilingual public information campaign to inform Asian-Americans and Pacific Islanders to be tested for hepatitis B, officials say. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)
Source: Health News - UPI.com - June 12, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Sorafenib perpetuates cellular anticancer effector functions by modulating the crosstalk between macrophages and natural killer cells
Conclusion: Sorafenib triggers proinflammatory activity of TAM and subsequently induces antitumor NK cell responses in a cytokine‐ and NF‐κB‐dependent fashion. This observation is relevant for HCC therapy, as sorafenib is a compound in clinical use that reverts alternative polarization of TAM in HCC. (HEPATOLOGY 2013;57:2358–2368) (Source: Hepatology)
Source: Hepatology - June 12, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Martin Franz Sprinzl, Florian Reisinger, Andreas Puschnik, Marc Ringelhan, Kerstin Ackermann, Daniel Hartmann, Matthias Schiemann, Arndt Weinmann, Peter Robert Galle, Marcus Schuchmann, Helmut Friess, Gerd Otto, Mathias Heikenwalder, Ulrike Protzer Tags: Hepatobiliary Malignancies Source Type: research

Interaction of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 polymorphisms with hepatitis B virus mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma
Conclusion: STAT3 SNPs appear to predispose the host with HBV mutations to hepatocarcinogenesis, and this effect may differ in men versus women. STAT3 SNPs may have applicability in future HCC surveillance algorithms. (Hepatology 2013;57:2369–2377) (Source: Hepatology)
Source: Hepatology - June 12, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jiaxin Xie, Yuwei Zhang, Qi Zhang, Yifang Han, Jianhua Yin, Rui Pu, Qiuxia Shen, Wei Lu, Yan Du, Jun Zhao, Xue Han, Hongwei Zhang, Guangwen Cao Tags: Hepatobiliary Malignancies Source Type: research

Development of a Highly Sensitive Bioluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Capable of Detecting Divergent Mutants.
Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are sometimes overlooked when using commercial kits to measure hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) due to their low sensitivity and hyporeactivity to mutant strains of various genotypes. We developed an ultrasensitive bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay (BLEIA) for HBsAg using firefly luciferase, which is adaptable to a variety of HBsAg mutants, by combining four monoclonal antibodies with a polyclonal antibody against HBsAg. The measurement of seroconversion panels showed trace amounts of HBsAg during the early infection phase by BLEIA because of its high sensitivity of 5 ...
Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology - June 12, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Minekawa T, Takehara S, Takahashi M, Okamoto H Tags: Clin Vaccine Immunol Source Type: research

Resolving Ambiguity in the Phylogenetic Relationship of Genotypes A, B, and C of Hepatitis B Virus
Conclusion: The consensus method implemented in this study provides an alternative approach for reconstructing reliable phylogenetic relationships for viruses with possible genetic recombination. Our approach revealed the phylogenetic relationships of genotypes A, B, and C of HBV. (Source: BMC Evolutionary Biology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Evolutionary Biology - Latest articles - June 11, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yueming JiangMinxian WangHongxiang ZhengWei WangLi JinYungang He Source Type: research

Hepatitis B Viral Levels May Soar When Vitamin D DropsHepatitis B Viral Levels May Soar When Vitamin D Drops
Inadequate levels of vitamin D, which rises and falls with sun exposure, are associated with high levels of hepatitis B viral replication in untreated patients who suffer from chronic infection. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - June 10, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Gastroenterology News Source Type: news

Dynavax's hepatitis B vaccine delayed as FDA seeks more data
(Reuters) - Dynavax Technologies Corp said the U.S. Food and Drug Administration asked for additional safety data on its experimental hepatitis B vaccine potentially delaying its approval and sending its shares down as much as 30 percent. (Source: Reuters: Health)
Source: Reuters: Health - June 10, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: healthNews Source Type: news

FDA asks for more safety data on Dynavax's hepatitis B vaccine
(Reuters) - Dynavax Technologies Corp said the U.S. Food and Drug Administration asked for additional safety data on its experimental hepatitis B vaccine, Heplisav. (Source: Reuters: Health)
Source: Reuters: Health - June 10, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: healthNews Source Type: news

Low Levels Of Vitamin D Associated With High Concentrations Of HBV In The Blood
Researchers from Germany have found that low levels of vitamin D are associated with high levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. Findings published online in Hepatology, a journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, suggest seasonal fluctuations in vitamin D and HBV levels point to a link in these variables among patients with chronic HBV. While highly effective vaccines are available, HBV still remains one of the most significant infectious diseases worldwide... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - June 10, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Litigation / Medical Malpractice Source Type: news

Antiviral agents: structural basis of action and rational design.
Abstract During the last 30 years, significant progress has been made in the development of novel antiviral drugs, mainly crystallizing in the establishment of potent antiretroviral therapies and the approval of drugs inhibiting hepatitis C virus replication. Although major targets of antiviral intervention involve intracellular processes required for the synthesis of viral proteins and nucleic acids, a number of inhibitors blocking virus assembly, budding, maturation, entry or uncoating act on virions or viral capsids. In this review, we focus on the drug discovery process while presenting the currently used metho...
Source: Sub-Cellular Biochemistry - June 10, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Menéndez-Arias L, Gago F Tags: Subcell Biochem Source Type: research

Association of IFNAR2 and IL10RB genes in chronic hepatitis B virus infection
This study suggests that IFNAR2‐F8S polymorphisms might be involved in the susceptibility to chronic HBV infection. Moreover, AA genotype of IL10RB‐K47E may provide a protective effect in this disease. However, an association study using a larger sample size should be performed to confirm these findings. (Source: Tissue Antigens)
Source: Tissue Antigens - June 10, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: S. Romporn, N. Hirankarn, P. Tangkijvanich, I. Kimkong Tags: Original article Source Type: research

FOXP3 gene polymorphism is associated with hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma in China
Conclusions: Our results suggested that the FOXP3 gene polymorphisms at rs2280883 and rs3761549 may be associated with hepatitis B-related HCC. At rs3761549, the CC genotype and the TT/CT genotype were associated with a high incidence of portal vein tumor thrombus and tumor recurrence, respectively. (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)
Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research - June 10, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: YanHui ChenHengHui ZhangWeiJia LiaoJinXue ZhouGaiXia HeXingWang XieRan FeiLiLing QinLai WeiHongSong Chen Source Type: research

Low Vitamin D Linked to Hepatitis B (CME/CE)
(MedPage Today) -- Vitamin D deficiency might be a key player in hepatitis B (HBV) replication, researchers reported. (Source: MedPage Today Endocrinology)
Source: MedPage Today Endocrinology - June 8, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: news

Hepatitis B and C in Switzerland - healthcare provider initiated testing for chronic hepatitis B and C infection.
Abstract Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are contagious liver diseases caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV), respectively. In particular, chronic infection with HBV or HCV is a major public health problem throughout Europe. The majority of persons chronically infected (65%-75%) are not aware of their infection status until symptoms of advanced liver disease appear. In addition, the peak in the number of patients suffering from advanced stages of the disease, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, has not yet been reached. In order to reduce the current and future morbidity and ...
Source: Swiss Medical Weekly - June 8, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Fretz R, Negro F, Bruggmann P, Lavanchy D, De Gottardi A, Pache I, Masserey Spicher V, Cerny A Tags: Swiss Med Wkly Source Type: research

Comparative effectiveness of congregation- versus clinic-based approach to prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
DiscussionResults of this study will provide further understanding of the most effective strategies for increasing HIV testing among pregnant women in hard-to-reach communities.Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov - NCT01795261 (Source: Implementation Science)
Source: Implementation Science - June 8, 2013 Category: Health Management Authors: Echezona EzeanolueMichael ObiefuneWei YangStephen ObaroChinenye EzeanolueGbenga Ogedegbe Source Type: research

The safety profile of ustekinumab in the treatment of psoriasis patients with concurrent hepatitis B or hepatitis C
ConclusionAntiviral prophylaxis appears to minimize the risk of viral reactivation in patients with concurrent psoriasis and HBV. Without effective antiviral prophylaxis, the risk /benefit of ustekinumab treatment should be carefully assessed in psoriasis patients with HBV, HCV and/or HCC. A close monitoring for HBV and HCV viral load is recommended, particularly for patients with high risk factors. Serum aminotransferase determination may not be useful for early detection of viral reactivation.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)
Source: British Journal of Dermatology - June 8, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: H.‐Y. Chiu, C.‐H. Chen, M.‐S. Wu, Y.‐P. Cheng, T.‐F. Tsai Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The safety profile of ustekinumab in the treatment of psoriasis patients with concurrent hepatitis B or hepatitis C.
CONCLUSION: Antiviral prophylaxis appears to minimize the risk of viral reactivation in patients with concurrent psoriasis and HBV. Without effective antiviral prophylaxis, the risk /benefit of ustekinumab treatment should be carefully assessed in psoriasis patients with HBV, HCV and/or HCC. A close monitoring for HBV and HCV viral load is recommended, particularly for patients with high risk factors. Serum aminotransferase determination may not be useful for early detection of viral reactivation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 23746170 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Th...
Source: The British Journal of Dermatology - June 8, 2013 Category: Dermatology Authors: Chiu HY, Chen CH, Wu MS, Cheng YP, Tsai TF Tags: Br J Dermatol Source Type: research

Three New Secoiridoids, Swermacrolactones A-C and Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activity from Swertia macrosperma.
Abstract Three new secoiridoids, swermacrolactones A-C (1-3), together with fourteen known compounds were isolated from Swertia macrosperma. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses (IR, UV, MS, 1D and 2D NMR). By anti-HBV assay on the Hep G 2.2.15 cell line in vitro, the most active compound, luteolin (9), inhibited the secretion of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) with IC50 values of 0.02 and 0.02mM, respectively. PMID: 23756190 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Fitoterapia)
Source: Fitoterapia - June 8, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wang HL, Geng CA, Ma YB, Zhang XM, Chen JJ Tags: Fitoterapia Source Type: research

Epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in pregnant women in Sana'a, Yemen
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that HBsAg and anti-HCV have high prevalence among pregnant women. (Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth - Latest articles - June 7, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Entisar MuradSuad BabikerGasim GasimDuria RayisIshag Adam Source Type: research

Full genome ultra‐deep pyrosequencing associates G‐to‐A hypermutation of the hepatitis B virus genome with the natural progression of hepatitis B
Summary Human APOBEC3 (A3) cytosine deaminases are antiviral restriction factors capable of editing the genome the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Despite the importance of the human A3 protein family for the innate immune response little is known about the clinical relevance for hepatitis B. The aim of this study was to utilize ultra‐deep pyrosequencing (UDPS) data to analyse the phenomenon of G‐to‐A hypermutation of the complete HBV genome and to relate it to fundamental characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B. By analysing the viral population of 80 treatment naïve patients (47 HBeAg‐positive and 33 HBeAg...
Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis - June 7, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: B. Beggel, C. Münk, M. Däumer, K. Hauck, D. Häussinger, T. Lengauer, A. Erhardt Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in pregnant women in Sana¿a, Yemen
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that HBsAg and anti-HCV have high prevalence among pregnant women. (Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth - Latest articles - June 7, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Entisar MuradSuad BabikerGasim GasimDuria RayisIshag Adam Source Type: research

Vitamin D deficiency may help spread of hepatitis B throughout liver
(Wiley) Researchers from Germany have found that low levels of vitamin D are associated with high levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. Findings published online in Hepatology, a journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, suggest seasonal fluctuations in vitamin D and HBV levels point to a link in these variables among patients with chronic HBV. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - June 6, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Novel point mutations and mutational complexes in the enhancer II, core promoter, precore regions of hepatitis B virus genotype D1 associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in Saudi Arabia
ABSTRACT We investigated a cohort of 182 (55 HCC and 127 non‐HCC) hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected Saudi patients to study the relationship between sequence variation in the enhancer II (EnhII), basal core promoter (BCP), and precore regions of HBV genotype D (HBV/D) and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV genotypes were determined by sequencing analysis and/or ELISA. Variations in the EnhII, BCP, and precore regions were compared between 107 non‐HCC and 45 HCC patients infected with HBV/D, followed by age‐matched analysis of 40 cases versus equal number of controls. Age and male gender were significantly...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - June 6, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Anis Khan, Mohamed A Balwi, Yasuhito Tanaka, Ali Hajeer, Faisal M Sanai, Ibrahim Abdulkarim, Latifah Ayyar, Motasim Badri, Dib Saudi, Waleed Tamimi, Masashi Mizokami, Bandar Knawy Tags: Infectious Causes of Cancer Source Type: research

Off therapy durability of response to Entecavir therapy in hepatitis B e antigen negative chronic hepatitis B patients
Conclusion: With an overall 1‐year relapse rate of 45% and 29% in those with a baseline serum HBV DNA ≤2×105 IU/mL, the APASL stopping rule for HBeAg‐negative CHB patients with proper off‐therapy monitoring is adequate even in cirrhotic patients. Consolidation therapy > 64 weeks seems more appropriate for those with higher baseline HBV DNA. (HEPATOLOGY 2013.) (Source: Hepatology)
Source: Hepatology - June 6, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Wen‐Juei Jeng, I‐Shyan Sheen, Yi‐Cheng Chen, Chao‐Wei Hsu, Rong‐Nan Chien, Chia‐Ming Chu, Yun‐Fan Liaw Tags: Viral Hepatitis Source Type: research

Combining rapid diagnostic tests and dried blood spot assays for point‐of‐care testing of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in Burkina Faso, West Africa
In conclusion, DBS collection during HIV POC testing enables screening and confirmation of HBV, HCV and HIV infections. Diagnosis using DBS may assist with implementation of national programs for HBV, HCV and HIV screening and clinical care in middle to low‐income countries. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - June 5, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dramane Kania, Alexandre Mba Bekalé, Nicolas Nagot, Anne‐Marie Mondain, Laure Ottomani, Nicolas Meda, Madina Traoré, Jean Bosco Ouédraogo, Jacques Ducos, Philippe Perre, Edouard Tuaillon Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Hepatitis B Knowledge, Screening, and Vaccination among Hmong Americans.
We examined Hmong women and men's knowledge of hepatitis B and their screening and vaccination behavior. In-depth interviews were conducted with Hmong in Oregon aged 18 and older (n=83). Independent samples t-test was used to assess mean differences in knowledge by demographic characteristics. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Most participants had heard of hepatitis B (96.4%). Fifty-three percent of participants had been screened, and half had been vaccinated (50.6%). Transmission knowledge was significantly higher among younger participants, those born in the U.S., and those who reported seeking prev...
Source: Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved - June 4, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Kue J, Thorburn S Tags: J Health Care Poor Underserved Source Type: research

Dietary flavonoid, lignan and antioxidant capacity and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study
This study suggests that higher intake of dietary flavanols and antioxidants may be associated with a reduced HCC risk. (Source: International Journal of Cancer)
Source: International Journal of Cancer - June 4, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Raul Zamora‐Ros, Veronika Fedirko, Antonia Trichopoulou, Carlos A. González, Christina Bamia, Elisabeth Trepo, Ute Nöthlings, Talita Duarte‐Salles, Mauro Serafini, Lea Bredsdorff, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjønneland, Jytte Halkjær, Guy Fagherazzi, Floren Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Differential roles of serum HBV DNA and HBsAg level in predicting virological breakthrough in patients receiving lamivudine therapy
ConclusionsFor CHB patients treated with lamivudine, serum HBV DNA level >2000 IU/mL after 6 months of therapy could predict subsequent VB. In patients with lower on‐treatment viral load, baseline serum HBsAg level is associated with the emergence of VB, especially for those with serum positive HBeAg. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - June 4, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Chien‐Wei Su, Chun‐Ying Wu, Hung‐Hsu Hung, Chu‐Hui Wu, I‐Jane Sheen, Jaw‐Ching Wu Tags: Clinical Hepatology Source Type: research

Independent Factors Associated with Altered Plasma Active Ghrelin Levels in HCV‐infected Patients
ConclusionsWe demonstrated that liver cirrhosis and HCV infection were independent factors associated plasma active ghrelin levels. Moreover, plasma active ghrelin levels were positively correlated with serum albumin levels among HCV‐infected patients. Therefore, active ghrelin levels may be regulated by both progression of liver disease and HCV infection and could be involved in the regulation of serum albumin levels in HCV‐infected patients.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Liver International)
Source: Liver International - June 4, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Takumi Kawaguchi, Yumiko Nagao, Michio Sata Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Chemical constituents of Swertia yunnanensis and their anti-hepatitis B virus activity.
Abstract Four new triterpenoids, sweriyunnangenin A (1), sweriyunnanosides A (2), B (3) and C (4), along with nineteen known compounds (5-23) were isolated from Swertia yunnanensis. Based on extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D- and 2D-NMR, HRESIMS, UV, IR, [α]D), the structures of sweriyunnangenin A (1), sweriyunnanosides A (2), B (3) and C (4) were elucidated as taraxer-14-ene- 3α,6β-diol, oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 2α,3β-di-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D- glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside...
Source: Fitoterapia - June 4, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cao TW, Geng CA, Jiang FQ, Ma YB, He K, Zhou NJ, Zhang XM, Zhou J, Chen JJ Tags: Fitoterapia Source Type: research

Anti‐HBV effect of individual traditional Chinese herbal medicine in vitro and in vivo: an analytic review
Summary Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) has been widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China. The systematic analysis of clinical research of TCHM against CHB revealed its potential but not confirmed its therapeutic effect. To understand the detailed antiviral effect of TCHM against HBV infection, we systematically analysed the anti‐HBV effect of individual Chinese herbs on the basis of the research on individual TCHM in vitro and in vivo, which were published from 1995 to 2012. Among 171 herbal components isolated from 76 Chinese herbs, we found 13 compounds and 9 extracts isolated from...
Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis - June 4, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Y. Chen, J. Zhu Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cocktail of skin cancer drugs 'shrinks melanomas'
Conclusion This phase I study has suggested that combining two drugs – nivolumab and ipilimumab – can produce a response in people with advanced melanoma with an acceptable safety profile. This type of study is a first step in human studies of new drugs or combinations of drugs. The authors themselves note that some caution is required due to the small size of the study and the potential for the participants not to be representative of the wider patient population. The results in this study mean the researchers are likely to carry out larger studies comparing this combination of drugs against the combined drugs alone ...
Source: NHS News Feed - June 3, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer Medication Source Type: news

Co‐infections with hepatitis B and C viruses in human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patients in Morocco
Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major public health concerns. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HIV‐infected patients, and to identify the main circulating hepatitis strains in Morocco. The study was carried out in 503 HIV‐infected patients. Our survey indicated that the prevalence of HIV/hepatitis co‐infection was 10.6%; 5.2% of patients were HBV surface antigen positive, and 5.4% of patients were anti‐HCV positive. Among the HBV surface antigen‐positive group, HBV DNA sequencing identified exclusively genotyp...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - June 3, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: K. Rebbani, A. Ouladlahsen, A. Bensghir, A. Akil, H. Lamdini, H. Issouf, I. Brahim, B. Kitab, F. Z. Fakhir, L. Wakrim, K. Marhoum El Filali, H. Himmich, S. Ezzikouri, S. Benjelloun Tags: Research Note Source Type: research

A paucity of liver disease in Canadian Inuit with chronic hepatitis B virus, subgenotype B6 infection
Summary Clinical observations suggest that chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in the Canadian Inuit are less often associated with serious adverse outcomes than has been described in other HBV‐infected patient populations. The aim of this study was to document the clinical and biochemical features, liver‐related morbidity and all‐cause mortality in Canadian Inuit with chronic HBV infections. Administrative databases were reviewed for individuals identified as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive during a 1983–85 seroepidemiological survey of viral hepatitis in Baffin Island, Canada. An equal number ...
Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis - June 1, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: G. Y. Minuk, S. MacRury, J. Uhanova, S. Caouette, N. Coleman, K. Cummings, B. Larke, L. Vardy, C. Triet Huyn, C. Osiowy Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Laparoscopic findings of congenital hepatic fibrosis: a case report and review of the literature
Abstract A 33‐year‐old man visited a hospital after vomiting blood. Emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed the presence of varices in the lower esophagus. The patient did not have a past history of alcohol consumption and was negative for hepatitis B and C viruses. He was referred to our hospital for closer examination. Portal hypertension was detected by conventional imaging modalities, but signs of liver cirrhosis, thrombosis, stenosis, malformation of the portal vein, and bile duct abnormalities were not observed. We performed laparoscopy‐guided liver biopsy to examine the cause of portal hypertension. In ad...
Source: Hepatology Research - June 1, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Michiharu Komatsu, Naoki Tanaka, So‐ichirou Shibata, Takefumi Kimura, Yuki Ichikawa, Susumu Morita, Satoru Joshita, Tadanobu Nagaya, Takeji Umemura, Tetsuya Ichijo, Akihiro Matsumoto, Kaname Yoshizawa, Eiji Tanaka Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Hepatocellular carcinoma in explanted livers of patients with genotype d HBV cirrhosis: report of the first experience from iran.
CONCLUSIONS: The results revealed that although HBV-related cirrhosis was the most frequent single cause for liver transplant, the frequency of HBV-induced HCC was very low among transplant recipients. Out of 1361 transplant recipients, only 29 (2.1%) were diagnosed with HBV-related HCC. All HBV subjects had genotype D. PMID: 23725068 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine)
Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine - June 1, 2013 Category: Middle East Health Authors: Geramizadeh B, Nikeghbalian S, Kazemi K, Shamsaifar A, Bahador A, Salahi H, Malekhosseini SA, Kashtkar Jahromi M, Bakhshai Dehkordi A Tags: Arch Iran Med Source Type: research

Iatrogenic Blood-borne Viral Infections in Refugee Children from War and Transition Zones.
Abstract Pediatric infectious disease clinicians in industrialized countries may encounter iatrogenically transmitted HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus infections in refugee children from Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. The consequences of political collapse and/or civil war-work migration, prostitution, intravenous drug use, defective public health resources, and poor access to good medical care-all contribute to the spread of blood-borne viruses. Inadequate infection control practices by medical establishments can lead to iatrogenic infection of children. Summaries of 4 cases in ...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - June 1, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Goldwater PN Tags: Emerg Infect Dis Source Type: research

Updated AIDSinfo Drug Database Offers Health Professionals and Patients the Latest HIV-Related Drug Information
The latest additions to the AIDSinfo drug database provide health care providers and patients with even more information on HIV/AIDS-related drugs. Recent improvements to the database include: Investigational HIV drug summaries for health professionals that include the most recent information on pharmacology, dosing, adverse events, and drug interactions. The drug summaries also feature drug compound details from ChemIDplus Advanced (United States National Library of Medicine) and the HIV Drugs in Development Database from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Updated HIV investigat...
Source: AIDSinfo At-a-Glance: Offering Information on HIV/AIDS Treatment, Prevention, and Research, A Service of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) - May 31, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Nationwide seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in South Korea in 2009 emphasizes the coexistence of HBsAg and anti‐HBs
In conclusion, the seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti‐HBs in Korea varies significantly by age, sex and geographical location and coexisted in 2.9% of HBsAg‐positive subjects. Continuous monitoring of seroepidemiology may facilitate the eventual eradication of HBV infection. J. Med. Virol. 9999:XX–XX, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - May 30, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Byung Seok Lee, Yong Kyun Cho, Sook‐Hyang Jeong, Joon Hyeok Lee, Don Lee, Neung Hwa Park, Moran Ki, Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Effect of hepatitis B virus infection on apoptosis of a human choriocarcinoma cell line in vitro
ConclusionHBV infected JEG‐3 cells in vitro, resulting in an inhibition of early and late stage apoptosis. In addition, the HBxAg/PI3K/pAKT pathway is a possible mechanism mediating this inhibition of apoptosis, and the infection of the placenta by HBV. (Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research)
Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research - May 30, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Guiqin Bai, Fengping Fu, Yao Tang, Yueling Wang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research