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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of N-[N-[3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) propyl]-α-aspartyl]-l-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, monohydrate (advantame) in the rat.
Abstract Groups of 55 male and 55 female Han Wistar rats were administered advantame (98.9-99.8% purity) in the diet at concentrations of 0, 2000, 10,000, or 50,000ppm for 104weeks, following parental exposure to the same levels from prior to mating and throughout gestation. Additional groups of 20 rats/sex and 10 rats/sex were dosed for a period of 52weeks and constituted the toxicity and reversibility phases of the study. Achieved doses of advantame over the carcinogenicity study were 0, 97, 488, and 2621mg/kg body weight/day in males and 0, 125, 630, and 3454mg/kg body weight/day in females, respectively. A high...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - November 1, 2011 Category: Food Science Authors: Otabe A, Fujieda T, Masuyama T Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Survival impact of malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine and islet cell neoplasm phenotypes
ConclusionsWhen controlled for other established prognostic parameters, histopathologic subtype assignment of pancreatic ICTs affects survival prediction. Resection is associated with superior survival for all tumor types. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:595–600. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)
Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology - October 17, 2011 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Christina L. Roland, Aihua Bian, John C. Mansour, Adam C. Yopp, Glen C. Balch, Rohit Sharma, Xian‐Jin Xie, Roderich E. Schwarz Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Survival impact of malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine and islet cell neoplasm phenotypes
ConclusionsWhen controlled for other established prognostic parameters, histopathologic subtype assignment of pancreatic ICTs affects survival prediction. Resection is associated with superior survival for all tumor types. J. Surg. Oncol © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)
Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology - October 17, 2011 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Christina L. RolandAihua BianJohn C. MansourAdam C. YoppGlen C. BalchRohit SharmaXian‐Jin XieRoderich E. Schwarz Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Novel Anticancer Agents in Clinical Trials for Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare malignancies that arise from endocrine cells located in various anatomic locations, with a dramatic increase in incidence during the last 30 years. Limited therapeutic options are currently available for patients with advanced well-differentiated NETs, including carcinoids and pancreatic NETs. Streptozotocin-based chemotherapy and somatostatin analogues are drugs that are currently used for the treatment of progressive metastatic NETs. Recently, sunitinib demonstrating efficacy in pancreatic islet cell carcinomas has opened a new avenue for the treatment of NETs, and further trials sha...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - November 23, 2010 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sandrine Faivre, Marie-Paule Sablin, Chantal Dreyer, Eric Raymond Source Type: research

The Evolving Field of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Endocrine Tumors.
Activation of tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs) and their related pathways has been associated with development of endocrine tumors. Compounds that target and inactivate the kinase function of these receptors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are now being applied to the treatment of endocrine tumors. Recent clinical trials of TKIs in patients with advanced thyroid cancer, islet cell carcinoma, and carcinoid have shown promising preliminary results. Significant reductions in tumor size have been described in medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma, although no complete responses have been reported. Case reports have...
Source: ENDOCR REV - July 5, 2010 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ye L, Santarpia L, Gagel RF Tags: Endocr Rev Source Type: research

Surgical Resection and Multidisciplinary Care for Primary and Metastatic Pancreatic Islet Cell Carcinomas
Conclusion Surgical resection was associated with improved survival compared to medical management for any extent of disease in patients with ICC. Furthermore, adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with survival but does warrant further examination in patients with metastatic disease. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory 2010 SSAT Poster PresentationDOI 10.1007/s11605-010-1225-8Authors Shaun McKenzie, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Oncologic Surgery 1500 East Duarte Road Duarte CA 91010 USAWendy Lee, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Oncologic Surgery ...
Source: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery - May 18, 2010 Category: Surgery Tags: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery Source Type: research

The role of nuclear medicine in oncology
Abstract Nuclear Medicine offers screening methods for oncology such as bone and bone marrow scintigraphy. During the last two decades, special procedures have gained widespread application. This paper is centered around the “tumor-specific” radiopharmaceuticals. In patients with thyroid cancer, I-131 still plays a significant role. Ga-67 still has its indications in lymphoma, while in other diseases Tl-201 cloride is now the agent of choice. Especially in thyroid cancer, Tl-201 has proved to be a reliable tumor imaging radiopharmaceutical. More recently, Tc-99m MIBI was introduced for tumor imaging. Tc-...
Source: Annals of Nuclear Medicine - December 12, 2009 Category: Radiology Tags: Annals of Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Phage library-screening: A powerful approach for generation of targeting- agents specific for normal pancreatic islet-cells and islet-cell carcinoma in vivo.
Phage display technology is a powerful approach for the generation of peptides and antibodies targeting specific organ- or tumor-structures. By applying this approach to rats in vivo or freshly isolated rat islets in vitro, we have recently reported the successful isolation of internalizing single-chain antibodies (SCA-antibodies), highly specific for the endocrine-cells of a pancreatic islet (either beta- or alpha-cells) both in rodents and in humans. Moreover, others have reported peptides targeting specifically the vascular endothelium of normal or pre-malignant islets or advanced islet-cell tumors. The features of ...
Source: Regulatory Peptides - November 29, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ueberberg S, Schneider S Tags: Regul Pept Source Type: research

Sunitinib paves the way for targeted therapies in neuroendocrine tumors
Abstract Sunitinib demonstrating efficacy in pancreatic islet cell carcinomas will pave the way for further trials in other neuroendocrine tumor types such as carcinoid, poorly differentiated neuroendocrine disease, and several other endocrine tumors that are dependent on VEGF/VEGFR for angiogenesis. In addition, other drugs with distinct mechanisms of action, such as mTOR inhibitors, currently investigated in phase III trials, may also supply novel options in those diseases to control tumor growth and metastasis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/s11523-009-0130-0Authors Eric Ray...
Source: Targeted Oncology - November 12, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Targeted Oncology Source Type: research

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization to Visualize Genetic Abnormalities in Interphase Cells of Acinar Cell Carcinoma, Ductal Adenocarcinoma, and Islet Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas
CONCLUSION: FISH abnormalities of CTNNB1 due to trisomy 3 were observed only in acinar cell carcinoma. FISH abnormalities of genes implicated in familial cancer, tumor progression, and the 5-fluorouracil pathway were common but were not associated with specific types of pancreatic cancer. (Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings)
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - August 30, 2009 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Dewald, G. W., Smyrk, T. C., Thorland, E. C., McWilliams, R. R., Van Dyke, D. L., Keefe, J. G., Belongie, K. J., Smoley, S. A., Knutson, D. L., Fink, S. R., Wiktor, A. E., Petersen, G. M. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Acinar-islet cell carcinoma presenting as insulinoma
Abstract A case of acinar-islet cell carcinoma presenting as insulinoma is reported. The patient was a 28-year-old man who presented with two convulsive episodes. Fajans' index [immunoreactive insulin (IRI; μU/ml/ glucose mg/dl)] and Turner's [IRI (μU/ml) × 100/glucose (mg/dl)—30] index were high (2.8 and 308, respectively), as were serum proinsulin levels (550pg/ml). Abdominal computed tomography and angiography revealed a highly vascular tumor in the pancreatic tail and several similar tumors in the liver. Histologic features of a biopsy specimen from a hepatic tumor were those of a malignant pancreat...
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - August 17, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Journal of Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Insulinoma in a cat.
A 14-year-old domestic shorthair cat was presented with hypoglycaemia and seizures of several weeks duration. Bloodwork revealed hypoglycaemia (1.83 mmol/l; reference range 4.22-8.05 mmol/l) with concurrent normal insulin levels (171 pmol/l; reference range 72-583 pmol/l). An insulinoma was suspected and medical and dietary management were attempted with minimal success. An exploratory laparotomy was performed and a single, well-defined mass was found within the left lobe of the pancreas. The mass was removed and histologically classified as an islet cell carcinoma, consistent with an insulinoma. The cat had an episode...
Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice - January 1, 2008 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Greene SN, Bright RM Tags: J Small Anim Pract Source Type: research

Metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma causing Cushing’s syndrome
Conclusion Following resection of a nonfunctioning neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas, subsequent metastases, in the absence of a primary cancer (resected), developed the capacity to secrete ACTH and create the Cushing syndrome. Background Although neuroendocrine carcinomas of the pancreas may produce one or more hormones and may switch secretion to a different hormone, no report is identified of a metastasis, in the absence of the primary tumor, developing de novo the capacity to secrete ACTH. Methods A nonfunctioning islet cell carcinoma was resected and immunoche...
Source: International Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer - December 22, 2007 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: International Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer Source Type: research

[Biological significance of expression of calcyclin in human pancreatic carcinoma: a tissue microarray-based study.]
CONCLUSION: Calcyclin expression is related to the pancreatic carcinomas and up-regulation of calcyclin expression is possibly an early event in pancreatic and pragression of development cancer. PMID: 18159017 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Southern Medical University)
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - December 1, 2007 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Yang WB, Wang YH, Cai F, Cao G, Qin ZY Tags: Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao Source Type: research

Islet cell carcinoma: neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas and periampullary region.
Most patients who have islet cell tumors, except those who have insulinomas, present with locally advanced or metastatic disease. In contrast with patients who have adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, those who have islet cell carcinomas can achieve long-term survival even if their disease is advanced. Liver-directed therapies, somatostatin analogs, and interferon are not curative but can be used to relieve tumor-associated symptoms. Similarly, palliative chemotherapy has been used with limited success. Advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression have translated into intense inter...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - June 17, 2007 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nakakura EK, Bergsland EK Tags: Hematol Oncol Clin North Am Source Type: research

Molecular targeted therapy for neuroendocrine tumors.
Although endocrine tumors are often slow growing, most can be life threatening and are considered resistant to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. The recent emergence of molecularly targeted therapy in oncology has brought renewed interest in the development of novel agents for this rare group of diseases. Preliminary results from phase II studies have shown promising results for VEGF and mTOR inhibitors in carcinoid and islet cell carcinoma and RET inhibitors in medullary thyroid carcinoma. Large confirmatory studies are planned. PMID: 17548041 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - June 17, 2007 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yao JC, Hoff PM Tags: Hematol Oncol Clin North Am Source Type: research

Molecular targeted therapy for carcinoid and islet-cell carcinoma.
Carcinoid and islet-cell carcinoma are often also known as low-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas. They are often slow-growing but can be resistant to standard therapy. While somatostatin analogues are often used to control hormonal syndromes, there is currently no therapy approved in the US for control of carcinoid tumor growth. For islet-cell carcinoma, streptozocin-based chemotherapy may induce tumor shrinkage, but second-line option are limited. This chapter reviews the molecular biology of neuroendocrine tumors, including the roles of MENIN, TSC2, NF-1, vHL, p53, bcl-2, bax, VEGF, IGF, PDGF, EGFR, and mTOR. Recently,...
Source: Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism - March 1, 2007 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yao JC Tags: Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Phase II trial of dacarbazine (DTIC) in advanced pancreatic islet cell carcinoma. Study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-E6282
Background:A phase II study of dacarbazine (DTIC), was conductedto determine the response rate, duration of response, toxicity and overallsurvival of patients with advanced pancreatic islet cell tumors. Content TypeJournal Article JournalAnnals of OncologyOnline ISSN 1569-8041Print ISSN 0923-7534 Journal VolumeVolume 12 Journal IssueVolume 12, Number 8 / August, 2001 (Source: Annals of Oncology)
Source: Annals of Oncology - January 17, 2005 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Annals of Oncology Source Type: research