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New Vaccines Against TuberculosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses progress in the field and issues surrounding safety, reactogenicity, immunogenicity, and efficacy testing of new TB vaccines. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - November 18, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Paul-Henri Lambert, Tony Hawkridge, Willem A. Hanekom Source Type: journals

Parameters that influence the prediction of epidemiological benefits of more-effective tuberculosis vaccines, drugs, and diagnosis [Letters]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - November 17, 2009 Category: Science Authors: Vani, J., Maddur, M. S., Lacroix-Desmazes, S., Kaveri, S. V., Bayry, J. Tags: Letters Source Type: journals

[Newsdesk] Funding boost needed for tuberculosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
European Union member states are not adequately financing research and development for tuberculosis, according to a new report by Médicins Sans Frontières (MSF). Given current shortcomings in diagnostics and treatment, as well as the inadequate nature of the BCG vaccine, these funds are urgently required. “Governments don't recognise the potential dire consequences if the resources aren't made available”, says Mel Spigelman (TB Alliance, New York, USA). (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - November 16, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Talha Burki Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: journals

BCG vaccine overdose: Skin eruptions: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - November 11, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Comparison of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test with the tuberculin skin test for detecting latent tuberculosis infection in hemodialysis patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined 100 patients and performed TST and QFT-G tests. Data obtained from patients and medical records included medical history (past history of TB, Bacillus Calmette[ndash]Guerin [BCG] vaccination, history of contact with previous TB cases), radiography reports (chest x-ray with changes consistent with old TB), and basic laboratory findings. Forty-three of 100 patients (43%) had a positive QFT-G test result and 34 (34%) had a positive TST test result. Overall agreement between the QFT-G and the TST was 65% (concordance [k]=0.26, P=0.01). Discordant test results were seen in 13 TST-positive/QFT-G-negative patients and...
Source: Transplant Infectious Disease - November 10, 2009 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: E.C. Seyhan, S. Sökücü, S. Altin, G. Günlüoğlu, S. Trablus, D. Yilmaz, O.K. Koksalan, H. Issever Source Type: journals

Validity of interferon-γ-release assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in haemodialysis patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the IGRAs can be useful for the diagnosis of latent TB infection in haemodialysis patients. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: W. K. Chung, Z. L. Zheng, J. Y. Sung, S. Kim, H. H. Lee, S. J. Choi, J. Yang Source Type: journals

Estimating diagnostic accuracy of tests for latent tuberculosis infection without a gold standard among healthcare workers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, when used in healthcare workers, in vitro assays may provide a significant increase of specificity for tuberculosis infection compared to TST, even among non vaccinated individuals, at the cost of some sensitivity. PMID: 19883555 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - November 6, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Girardi E, Angeletti C, Puro V, Sorrentino R, Magnavita N, Vincenti D, Carrara S, Butera O, Ciufoli AM, Squarcione S, Ippolito G, Goletti D Tags: Euro Surveill Source Type: journals

Estimating diagnostic accuracy of tests for latent tuberculosis infection without a gold standard among healthcare workersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, when used in healthcare workers, in vitro assays may provide a significant increase of specificity for tuberculosis infection compared to TST, even among non vaccinated individuals, at the cost of some sensitivity. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news)
Source: Eurosurveillance latest news - October 29, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

BCG VACCINE (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) Injection, Powder, Lyophilized, For Solution [Organon Pharmaceuticals USA]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Updated Date: Oct 27, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))
Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) - October 27, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

Does BCG vaccination protect against the development of...Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The results from this review strengthen the epidemiological... (Source: PCCAS: Full newsfeed)
Source: PCCAS: Full newsfeed - October 22, 2009 Category: Practice Management Source Type: organizations

Does BCG vaccination protect against the development of...Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The results from this review strengthen the epidemiological... (Source: Children's NSF Newsfeed)
Source: Children's NSF Newsfeed - October 22, 2009 Category: Child Development Source Type: organizations

Ultraviolet radiation reduces resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in BCG-vaccinated guinea pigsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in sunlight suppresses anti-microbial immunity and may impair vaccine inefficacy. To investigate whether UVR reduces the protective efficacy of BCG vaccine, guinea pigs were exposed to a single dose of 5.6, 11.2, or 22.5kJ/m2 of UVR either 3 days before or 3 or 28 days after BCG vaccination and then challenged by the aerosol route with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis 6 weeks later. Pre-challenge skin test responses to purified protein derivative (PPD) were significantly reduced in the UV-irradiated animals. Similarly, exposure to UVR reduced the proliferation of spleen cells to PPD,...
Source: Tuberculosis - October 22, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Amminikutty Jeevan, Amit K. Sharma, David N. McMurray Source Type: journals

Modulation of pulmonary dendritic cell function by vaccine-encoded GM-CSF enhances protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report we determined whether modifying the function of pulmonary antigen presenting cells (APC) could improve protection against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Targeted delivery to the lung of the cytokine GM-CSF, expressed by the Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine strain, increased pulmonary dendritic cell numbers and secretion of the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-12, compared with parental BCG immunization. This impact on APC number by BCG:GM-CSF resulted in accelerated priming of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells in the mediastinal lymph nodes and increased migration of activated...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - October 13, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Nambiar JK, Ryan AA, Kong C, Britton WJ, Triccas JA Tags: Eur J Immunol Source Type: journals

U.S. Should Provide More Leadership In Finding TB Vaccine, Opinion Piece SaysEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tuberculosis deserves an effort as "substantial" as the one mounted against swine flu "to develop a new vaccine," David McMurray, a TB expert at Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, writes in a Houston Chronicle opinion piece. "Since April, ... nearly one million men, women and children have died from TB, compared to 4,200 who have died from H1N1 flu globally. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - October 9, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Tuberculosis Source Type: news

Historical Data Shows Vaccines are Not what Saved UsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(NaturalNews) With all of the hype surrounding the H1N1 swine flu virus lately, everyone is very concerned with the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, and rightly so. This is a very important question that we must all ask ourselves and find out what the truth is. As the debate rages on an even more important question has rarely been asked. Do vaccines even protect you from the viruses and illnesses that they claim to?If you only get your news and information from mainstream news and educational sources, then the question about whether vaccines are effective is never even raised. This lack of discussion give the percepti...
Source: NaturalNews.com - October 9, 2009 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

Recombinant pro-apoptotic Mycobacterium tuberculosis generates CD8(+) T cell responses against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Env and M. tuberculosis in neonatal mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mycobacterium bovis BCG is an attractive vaccine vector against breast milk HIV transmission because it elicits Th1-type responses in newborns. However, BCG causes disease in HIV-infected infants. Genetically attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) mutants represent a safer alternative for immunocompromised populations. In the current study, we compared the immunogenicity in mice of three different recombinant attenuated Mtb strains expressing an HIV envelope (Env) antigen construct. Two of these strains (DeltalysA DeltapanCD Mtb and DeltaRD1 DeltapanCD Mtb) failed to induce significant levels of HIV Env-specific C...
Source: Vaccine - October 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ranganathan UD, Larsen MH, Kim J, Porcelli SA, Jacobs WR, Fennelly GJ Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

BCG vaccine: Lack of efficacy in an infant, resulting in pulmonary tuberculosis and meningitis: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - September 30, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Uganda: Makerere Gets New Lab for TB Vaccine StudiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
MAKERERE University School of public health, together with Aeras Global Tuberculosis (TB) Vaccine Foundation has launched a new laboratory for TB Vaccine studies at a cost of sh140b. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)
Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine - September 28, 2009 Category: African Health Source Type: news

Protective effect of the combination BCG vaccination and rifampicin prophylaxis in leprosy prevention.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
BCG vaccination and rifampicin chemoprophylaxis are both strategies for leprosy prevention. While the combined effect is unknown, the combination may give the desired push to halt leprosy transmission. Secondary analysis was done on results from a single centre, double blind, cluster randomized, and placebo-controlled trial. Individually, BCG (given at infancy) and rifampicin showed to protect against leprosy (57% [95% CI: 24-75%] and 58% [95% CI: 30-74%], respectively). The combined strategies showed a protective effect of 80% (95% CI: 50-92%). This is the first time that the additive effect of BCG and rifampicin are ...
Source: Vaccine - September 24, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Schuring RP, Richardus JH, Pahan D, Oskam L Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

A novel DNA vaccine containing multiple TB-specific epitopes cast in a natural structure elicits enhanced Th1 immunity compared with BCGEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Vaccination is expected to make a major contribution to the goal of eliminating tuberculosis worldwide by 2050. Because the protection afforded by the currently available tuberculosis vaccine, BCG, is insufficient, new vaccine strategies are urgently needed. Protective immunity against MTB depends on generation of a Th1-type cellular immune response characterized by secretion of IFN-[gamma] from antigen-specific T cells. Epitope-driven vaccines are created from sub-sequences of proteins (epitopes) derived by scanning the protein sequences of pathogens and selecting epitopes with patterns of amino acids which permit binding...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - September 24, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Haifeng Gao, Kang Li, Shanshan Yu, Sidong Xiong Tags: Original articles Source Type: journals

Inflammation Brings on the BluesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
As if being stuck sick in bed wasn’t bad enough, several studies conducted during the past few years have found that the immune response to illness can cause depression. Recently scientists have pinpointed an enzyme that could be the culprit, as it is linked to both chronic inflammation--such as that found in patients with coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis--and depressive symptoms in mice.In the new study, immunophysiologist Keith Kelley and his colleagues at the University of Illinois exposed mice to a tuberculosis vaccine that produces a low-grade, chronic inflammation. After ino...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - September 24, 2009 Category: Science Tags: Biology,Environment,Health,Mind & Brain,Everyday Science Source Type: journals

Lactoferrin modulation of BCG-infected dendritic cell functionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the potential of lactoferrin to modulate surface expression of MHC II, CD80, CD86 and CD40 from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) was examined. Generally, lactoferrin decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-, IL-6 and IL-12p40] and chemokines [macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 and MIP-2] and increased regulatory cytokine, transforming growth factor-β1 and a T-cell chemotatic factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, from uninfected or BCG-infected BMDCs. Culturing BCG-infected BMDCs with lactoferrin also enhanced their ability to respond to IFN- activation through...
Source: International Immunology - September 23, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hwang, S.-A., Actor, J. K. Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPERS Source Type: journals

New Alternative Vaccine Component Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis– Heat Shock Protein 16.3 or its T-Cell EpitopeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Heat shock protein 16.3 (Hsp16.3) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) containing T-cell and B-cell epitopes not only plays an important role in the survival of MTB against macrophages, but also has great potential to be used to develop new TB vaccines. In order to study whether Hsp16.3 can be replaced with its T-cell epitope for producing a vaccine against TB, we expressed and purified Hsp16.3 protein of MTB H37Rv strain and confirmed by immunoblotting. The immune responses and protection against the H37Rv induced by Hsp16.3 protein were compared with its T-cell epitope synthetic peptide in mice. The results showed that bo...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology - September 17, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: C. Shi, H. Zhang, T. Zhang, X. Wang, B. Bai, Y. Zhao, C. Zhang, Z. Xu Tags: BASIC IMMUNOLOGY Source Type: journals

Delayed BCG Vaccine May Improve Immune Response Against TBEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
BCG vaccine administered at 10 weeks of age produces a better immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis than when given at birth, according to the results of a small study from South Africa, published in the September issue of Vaccine. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines)
Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines - September 8, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Risk of lymphoma and leukaemia after bacille Calmette-Guérin and smallpox vaccination: A Danish case-cohort study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective was to examine the effects of BCG and smallpox vaccinations on subsequent risk of lymphoma and leukaemia in a Danish population experiencing rapid out-phasing of these vaccines. In a background cohort (N=47,622) from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, cases of leukaemia (N=20) and lymphoma (N=51) were identified through the Danish Cancer Registry. The vaccination status of the cases was compared with the vaccination status of a 5% random sample (N=2073) of the background cohort and analysed in a case-cohort design. BCG vaccination reduced the risk of lymphomas (HR=0.49 (95% CI: 0.26-0.93)), wherea...
Source: Vaccine - September 7, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Villumsen M, Sørup S, Jess T, Ravn H, Relander T, Baker JL, Benn CS, Sørensen TI, Aaby P, Roth A Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

BCG vaccine: Granulomatous vasculitis in a child: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - September 7, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

BCG vaccine confers adaptive immunity against Mycobacterium sp. infection in fish.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effects of two vaccine candidates, Bacillus Calmette and Guèrin (BCG, an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis) and formalin-killed cells of Mycobacterium sp. were evaluated in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. In the immediate response and tuberculin response, BCG vaccinated fish showed higher gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1beta, IL-6, IFN-gamma and TNFalpha. Furthermore, BCG vaccination conferred protective efficacy against Mycobacterium sp. infection in Japanese flounder. Transcriptome analysis using a Japanese flounder cDNA microarray revealed that BCG v...
Source: Developmental and Comparative Immunology - September 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kato G, Kondo H, Aoki T, Hirono I Tags: Dev Comp Immunol Source Type: journals

An attenuated Salmonella-vectored vaccine elicits protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There is a need to develop protective vaccines against tuberculosis (TB) that elicit full immune responses including mucosal immunity. Here, a live attenuated Salmonellatyphimurium aroA SL7207 vector TB vaccine, namely SL(E6-85B), harboring the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) H37Rv ESAT6-Ag85B fusion gene was developed. The experimental data demonstrated that this SL(E6-85B) vaccine, or when it is combined with BCG vaccination, induced the strongest TB Ag-specific mucosal, humoral, and cellular immune responses comprised of increased proliferation of T cells, IFN-gamma expression, granzyme B production, as well as t...
Source: Vaccine - September 2, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wang QL, Pan Q, Ma Y, Wang K, Sun P, Liu S, Zhang XL Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

Tokyo-172 BCG vaccination complications, Taiwan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19788832 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - August 31, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jou R, Huang WL, Su WJ Tags: Emerg Infect Dis Source Type: journals

Historical facts about the dangers (and failures) of vaccinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(NaturalNews) Vaccines are the quackery of modern medicine. Mass vaccination programs not only fail to protect the population from infectious disease, they actually accelerate the spread of disease in many cases.Many website have cropped up over the last few years to counter the pro-vaccine propaganda put out by drug companies (who profit from vaccines) and health regulators (who serve the drug companies). One of those sites is www.VaccinationDebate.com , which lists the following historical facts about vaccines:• In the USA in 1960, two virologists discovered that both polio vaccines were contaminated with the SV 40 ...
Source: NaturalNews.com - August 29, 2009 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

BCG vaccination reduces risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis as detected by gamma interferon release assay.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: BCG vaccination was associated with a reduction of M. tuberculosis infection diagnosed by gamma interferon release assay testing in school children during a point source outbreak. PMID: 19715782 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)
Source: Vaccine - August 24, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Eisenhut M, Paranjothy S, Abubakar I, Bracebridge S, Lilley M, Mulla R, Lack K, Chalkley D, McEvoy M Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

Fusion protein Ag85B-MPT64(190-198)-Mtb8.4 has higher immunogenicity than Ag85B with capacity to boost BCG-primed immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity of the fusion protein AMM in a novel adjuvant of dimethyl-dioctyldecyl ammonium bromide and BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid (DDA-BCG PSN), and its capacity to boost BCG-primed immunity. The anti-Ag85B antibodies IgG1 and IgG2a were determined using ELISA and the number of spleen cells secreting IFN-gamma was determined by ELISPOT. In addition, the ability of the subunit vaccine AMM to boost BCG-primed immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was analyzed. The fusion protein AMM induced more effective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice than Ag85B alone. Mi...
Source: Vaccine - August 23, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Luo Y, Wang BX, Hu LN, Yu HJ, Da ZJ, Jiang W, Song NN, Qie YQ, Wang HH, Tang Z, Xian Q, Zhang Y, Zhu BD Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

Splitting the dose of neonatal BCG vaccination: a naïve practice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Splitting the dose of neonatal BCG vaccination: a naïve practice. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2009 Sep;29(3):243-5 Authors: Fretzayas A, Moustaki M, Stefos E, Nicolaidou P Bilateral axillary lymphadenitis complicating BCG vaccination in both arms (0.025 ml) in an immunocompetent 13-month-old boy is described. Prompt administration of isoniazid and erythromycin did not prevent suppuration of the affected lymph nodes. It was managed by bilateral surgical excision of the nodes. PMID: 19689870 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Tropical Paediatrics)
Source: Annals of Tropical Paediatrics - August 21, 2009 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Fretzayas A, Moustaki M, Stefos E, Nicolaidou P Tags: Ann Trop Paediatr Source Type: journals

Opinion: Chronic Disease In Africa; Education Can Help Combat Disease; Climate Change And Health; TB VaccineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
More Studies Needed As Africa's 'Chronic-Disease Epidemic Looms' "An epidemic of chronic, non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, mental illness, cancer, diabetes, and obesity is growing in Africa, a continent still struggling with infectious and nutritional diseases," according to a Boston Globe opinion piece by Michelle Holmes and Shona Dalal. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - August 18, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Tuberculosis Source Type: news

T-cell-based diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in children in Lithuania: a country of high incidence despite a high coverage with bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccinationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Lithuania is a country with a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB), despite a high coverage with bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination. Until now the only method used to detect latent TB infection was the tuberculin skin test (TST). However, TST may have a cross reactivity to the BCG vaccine and to environmental mycobacteria. The aim of this study was to conduct assessments of the diagnostic accuracy of the T-cell based test (T SPOT TB) for TB in children who had previously been BCG vaccinated and compare these with the results of the TST. Methods: Between January 2005 and February 2007, children with bacter...
Source: BMC Pulmonary Medicine - Latest articles - August 17, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Edita HanstedAngele AndriuskevicieneRaimundas SakalauskasRimantas KevalasBrigita Sitkauskiene Source Type: journals

Epidemiological benefits of more-effective tuberculosis vaccines, drugs, and diagnostics [Medical_Sciences]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation supports an ambitious portfolio of novel vaccines, drug regimens, and diagnostic tools for tuberculosis... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - August 17, 2009 Category: Science Authors: Abu-Raddad, L. J., Sabatelli, L., Achterberg, J. T., Sugimoto, J. D., Longini, I. M., Dye, C., Halloran, M. E. Tags: Medical_Sciences Source Type: journals

Transcutaneous immunization with a novel lipid-based adjuvant protects against Chlamydia genital and respiratory infections.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mucosal adjuvants are important to overcome the state of immune tolerance normally associated with mucosal delivery and to enhance adaptive immunity to often-weakly immunogenic subunit vaccine antigens. Unfortunately, adverse side effects of many experimental adjuvants limit the number of adjuvants approved for vaccination. Lipid C is a novel, non-toxic, lipid oral vaccine-delivery formulation, developed originally for oral delivery of the live Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine. In the present study, murine models of chlamydial respiratory and genital tract infections were used to determine whet...
Source: Vaccine - August 17, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hickey DK, Aldwell FE, Beagley KW Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

Identification of proteins from tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) by LC-MS/MSEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides a better understanding of the tuberculin PPD components leading to the identification of additional antigens useful as reagents for specific diagnosis of tuberculosis. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - August 17, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sibele Borsuk, Jane Newcombe, Tom A. Mendum, Odir A. Dellagostin, Johnjoe McFadden Source Type: journals

Sub-Saharan Africa news in brief: 30 July–12 AugustEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pfizer settles meningitis drug case, daily temperature changes affect malaria transmission, TB vaccines tested in South Africa, and more. (Source: SciDev.Net)
Source: SciDev.Net - August 12, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: info

Antiretrovirals/BCG vaccine: BCG-related disease and immune reconstitution syndrome in infants: 3 case reportsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - August 10, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

BCG vaccine: Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumour in an infant: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - August 10, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Buruli Ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection): a Re-emerging DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Mycobacterium ulcerans infection is an emerging disease that causes indolent, necrotizing skin lesions known as Buruli ulcer (BU). Approximately 10% of patients develop reactive osteitis or osteomyelitis beneath skin lesions or metastatic osteomyelitis from lymphohematogenous spread of M. ulcerans. The most plausible mode of transmission is by skin trauma at sites contaminated by M. ulcerans. Pathogenesis is mediated by a necrotizing, immunosuppressive toxin produced by M. ulcerans called mycolactone. The incidence of BU is highest in children up to 15 years old and is a public health problem in countries of...
Source: Clinical Microbiology Newsletter - August 6, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Douglas S. Walsh, Françoise Portaels, Wayne M. Meyers Source Type: news

Also In Global Health News: Plague In China; U.S. Contribution To Clean Water Initiatives; TB Vaccine Trial; HIV In Mozambique; New HIV StrainEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Third Person In China Dies Of Pneumonic Plague, Officials Seal-Off Area A third person died of pneumonic plague in China on Monday, local health authorities said, Xinhua reports. The outbreak began on July 30 and an additional nine people in the town of Ziketan are reportedly ill (8/3). (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - August 5, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses Source Type: news

A multicistronic DNA vaccine induces significant protection against tuberculosis in mice, and offers flexibility in the expressed antigen repertoire.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Concerns about safety and efficacy of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) emphasize the need for alternative tuberculosis (TB) vaccines. DNA vaccines are interesting candidates but are limited by the restricted antigen repertoire they express. Traditional polycistronic vectors are large in size with imbalanced expression. Recent advances in molecular genetics and cellular immunology have paved the way towards rational design of an efficacious vaccine. We exploited the self-cleaving peptide 2A from the foot-and-mouth disease virus, because of its small size and high cleavage activity, to generate an efficient TB DNA vacc...
Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology - August 4, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mir FA, Kaufmann SH, Eddine AN Tags: Clin Vaccine Immunol Source Type: journals

Use of a T Cell Interferon‐γ Release Assay to Evaluate Tuberculosis Risk in Newly Qualified Physicians in Singapore Healthcare Institutions • Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The high rate of positive baseline TST results in our BCG‐vaccinated healthcare workers renders the TST unsuitable as a surveillance tool in this tuberculosis risk group. Use of an IGRA has enabled the detection and treatment of latent tuberculosis in this group. Our T‐SPOT.TB conversion rate highlights the need for greater tuberculosis awareness and improved infection control practices in our healthcare institutions. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)
Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue - August 4, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: article Original Article Source Type: journals

Screening for Tuberculosis Infection in Spanish Healthcare Workers: Comparison of the QuantiFERON‐TB Gold In‐Tube Test with the Tuberculin Skin Test • Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Few studies have compared both tests in populations with high M. tuberculosis exposure but low BCG vaccination prevalence. Agreement between both tests is high, especially among negative results. Studies are needed to clarify the reasons for disagreement and to establish the best TST and QFT‐G test cutoff point. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)
Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue - August 4, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: article Original Article Source Type: journals

HEALTH-AFRICA: TB Vaccine In The PipelineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CAPE TOWN, Aug 3 (IPS) - For the first time in eighty years, a new Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine has entered the efficacy stage of a clinical trial. While the developers are optimistic about the outcome, lung health and TB experts are warning against being overly excited. (Source: IPS Inter Press Service - HIV/AIDS)
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - HIV/AIDS - August 4, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

South Africa: TB Vaccine in the PipelineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
For the first time in eighty years, a new Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine has entered the efficacy stage of a clinical trial. While the developers are optimistic about the outcome, lung health and TB experts are warning against being overly excited. (Source: AllAfrica News: Tuberculosis)
Source: AllAfrica News: Tuberculosis - August 4, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

BCG vaccine: Disseminated BCG lymphadenitis in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - August 3, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

High hopes for new TB vaccine trialsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new vaccine (AERAS-402/Crucell Ad35) could significantly advance the fight against TB in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. (Source: IOL: Health)
Source: IOL: Health - August 1, 2009 Category: African Health Source Type: news