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Research Library: KLF17 is a negative regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in breast cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Nature Signaling Update)
Source: Nature Signaling Update - November 20, 2009 Category: Research Source Type: info

Cyclin D1 Induction by Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt/MAPK- and p70s6k-dependent Pathway Promotes Cell Transformation and Tumorigenesis [Mechanisms Of Signal Transduction]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (B[a]PDE), the major metabolite of B[a]P, has been well recognized as one ubiquitous carcinogen, but the molecular mechanism involved in its carcinogenic effect remains obscure. In the present study, we found that bronchial epithelial cells (Beas-2B) and hepatocytes treated with B[a]PDE presented a significant increase of cyclin D1 expression. Moreover, Akt, p70s6k, and MAPKs including JNK, Erks, and p38 were notably activated in B[a]PDE-treated Beas-2B cells, whereas NF-B, NFAT, and Egr-1 were not. Our results demonstrated that JNK and Erks were required in B[a]PDE-induced cyclin D1 ex...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 20, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ding, J., Ning, B., Gong, W., Wen, W., Wu, K., Liang, J., He, G., Huang, S., Sun, W., Han, T., Huang, L., Cao, G., Wu, M., Xie, W., Wang, H. Tags: Mechanisms Of Signal Transduction Source Type: journals

The miR200 Family of MicroRNAs Regulates WAVE3-dependent Cancer Cell Invasion [Mechanisms Of Signal Transduction]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, a novel mechanism for the regulation of WAVE3 expression in cancer cells has been identified, which controls the invasive properties and morphology of cancer cells associated with their metastatic potential. (Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 20, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sossey-Alaoui, K., Bialkowska, K., Plow, E. F. Tags: Mechanisms Of Signal Transduction Source Type: journals

Treatment planning of Epithelial Ovarian Cancers using Helical Tomotherapy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective parameters were to obtain uniform and adequate target coverage with maximum OAR sparing. HT plans were generated for five patients with field-width of 5.0/2.5cm, modulation factor of 3.5/3.0, and a pitch of 0.3. A dose of 25Gy in 25 fractions was prescribed to the abdomen with a simultaneous boost of 45Gy in 25 fractions to the pelvis. Dose-volume parameters and various indices were analyzed and compared. Mean volume (standard-deviation) of abdominal and pelvic PTV (planning target volume) was 6630 (+/-450) cm3 and 1235 (+/-98)cm3 respectively. Mean length of PTV in cranio-caudal direction was 41(+/-4) cm. Vo...
Source: Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics - November 20, 2009 Category: Physics Authors: Swamidas J, Mahantshetty U, Vineeta G, Deshpande D, Sarin R, Shrivastava S, Engineer R Tags: J Appl Clin Med Phys Source Type: journals

[Therapeutic effect of docetaxel combined with oxaliplatin for treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Combination of DTX and OXA produces good therapeutic effect with tolerable toxicity profile for treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. PMID: 19923093 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Southern Medical University)
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - November 20, 2009 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Wang J, Han N, Wang HL, Zhang ZM, Fan QX Tags: Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao Source Type: journals

Targeting the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future ChallengesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The epidermal growth factor receptor is overexpressed in up to 60% of ovarian epithelial malignancies. EGFR regulates complex cellular events due to the large number of ligands, dimerization partners, and diverse signaling pathways engaged. In ovarian cancer, EGFR activation is associated with increased malignant tumor phenotype and poorer patient outcome. However, unlike some other EGFR-positive solid tumors, treatment of ovarian tumors with anti-EGFR agents has induced minimal response. While the amount of information regarding EGFR-mediated signaling is considerable, current data provides little insight for the lack...
Source: Journal of Oncology - November 19, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: journals

Columnar cell lesions and pseudoangiomatous hyperplasia like stroma: is there an epithelial-stromal interaction?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The significance of association between cancer and its microenvironment has been increasingly recognized. It has been shown in animal models that interaction between neoplastic epithelial cells and adjacent stroma can modulate tumor behavior. Carcinoma associated stromal cells can transform normal epithelial cells into neoplastic cells. In breast, columnar cell lesions are non-obligate precursors of low grade ductal carcinoma in situ. Columnar cell lesions can be seen intimately associated with PASH-like-stroma, a lesion we termed as CCPLS. Our aim is to investigate epithelial-stromal interactions in CCPLS and compare ...
Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology - November 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Recavarren RA, Chivukula M, Carter G, Dabbs DJ Tags: Int J Clin Exp Pathol Source Type: journals

The developmental transcription factor Gata4 is overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
GATA4 is a transcription factor that plays a role in regulating the normal development of many mesoderm and endoderm derived tissues, including the pancreas. Silencing of GATA4 mRNA expression by promoter methylation has been implicated in carcinogenesis of the ovary, lung and colorectum. By contrast, GATA4 mRNA expression is upregulated in pancreatic cancer cell lines and tissues. To further clarify the relationship of GATA4 to pancreatic cancer, we immunolabeled 90 samples of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using a GATA4 specific monoclonal antibody. Both the intensity and percent of labeling was recorded for each c...
Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology - November 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Karafin MS, Cummings CT, Fu B, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA Tags: Int J Clin Exp Pathol Source Type: journals

Initial activation of EpCAM cleavage via cell-to-cell contactEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Activation of EpCAM's cleavage and oncogenic capacity is dependent on cellular interaction (juxtacrine) to provide for initial signals of regulated intramembrane proteolysis, which then support signalling via soluble EpEX (paracrine). (Source: BMC Cancer)
Source: BMC Cancer - November 19, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sabine DenzelDorothea MaetzelBrigitte MackCarola EggertGabriele BaerrOlivier Gires Source Type: journals

Transcriptomic analysis of pathways regulated by toll-like receptor 4 in a murine model of chronic pulmonary inflammation and carcinogenesisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: This transcriptomic study determined the protective effect of TLR4 in lung carcinogenesis inhibition of multiple pathways including EGFR (e.g. Ereg), inflammatory response genes (e.g. Cxcl5), chemotaxis (e.g. Ccr1) and other cell proliferation genes (e.g. Arg1, Pthlh). Future studies will determine the utility of these pathways as indicators of immune system deficiencies and tumorigenesis. (Source: Molecular Cancer)
Source: Molecular Cancer - November 19, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alison BauerJennifer FostelLaura DegraffElizabeth RondiniChristopher WalkerSherry GrissomJulie FoleySteven Kleeberger Source Type: journals

Cervical cytology in patients with postmenopausal bleedingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the role of cervical cytology in the diagnosis of post or perimenopausal (PM) bleeding was explored. A total of 135 patients with PM bleeding were selected. In all these cases both conventional cervical cytology and histopathology follow up were available. The commonest causes of postmenopausal (PM) bleeding with abnormal histopathology were squamous cell carcinoma of cervix (14), endocervical polyp (13), endometrial adenocarcinomas (13) and simple hyperplasia without atypia (13). There were a total 13 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma and cervical smears of these cases were reported as high grade squamous...
Source: Diagnostic Cytopathology - November 19, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Jasleen Kaur, Pranab Dey, Subhash Chandra Saha, Arvind Rajwanshi, Raje Nijhawan, Srinivasan Radhika, Nalini Gupta Source Type: journals

Cediranib, an Oral Inhibitor of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Kinases, Is an Active Drug in Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancer [Gynecologic Cancer]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion Cediranib has activity in recurrent EOC, tubal cancer, and peritoneal cancer with predictable toxicities observed with other TKIs. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 18, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Matulonis, Berlin, Ivy, Tyburski, Krasner, Zarwan, Berkenblit, Campos, Horowitz, Cannistra, Lee, Lee, Roche, Hill, Whalen, Sullivan, Tran, Humphreys, Penson Tags: Chemotherapy Gynecologic cancer Source Type: journals

Involvement of JNK pathway in the promotion of the early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis under high-fat dietary conditionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Colonic cell proliferation was promoted via the JNK pathway in the presence of a HFD but not in the presence of a ND. This novel mechanism may explain the involvement of the JNK pathway in the effect of dietary fat intake on colon carcinogenesis. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - November 18, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Endo, H, Hosono, K, Fujisawa, T, Takahashi, H, Sugiyama, M, Yoneda, K, Nozaki, Y, Fujita, K, Yoneda, M, Inamori, M, Wada, K, Nakagama, H, Nakajima, A Tags: Colon cancer Colorectal cancer Source Type: journals

Reciprocal regulation of ZEB1 and AR in triple negative breast cancer cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Zinc-finger enhancer binding protein (ZEB1) is a transcription factor involved in the progression of cancer primarily through promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). ZEB1 represses the expression of E-cadherin by binding to E-box sequences in the promoter, thus decreasing epithelial differentiation. We show that ZEB1 and androgen receptor (AR) cross-talk in triple negative breast cancer cell lines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrates that ZEB1 binds directly to the E-box located in the AR promoter. ZEB1 suppression by stably transfecting shRNA in a triple negative breas...
Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - November 18, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Breast cancer Research and Treatment Source Type: journals

The anti-angiogenic isoforms of VEGF in health and disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Anti-angiogenic VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) isoforms, generated from differential splicing of exon 8, are widely expressed in normal human tissues but down-regulated in cancers and other pathologies associated with abnormal angiogenesis (cancer, diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, the Denys-Drash syndrome and pre-eclampsia). Administration of recombinant VEGF(165)b inhibits ocular angiogenesis in mouse models of retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration, and colorectal carcinoma and metastatic melanoma. Splicing factors and their regulatory molecules alter splice site selection, such that...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - November 18, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qiu Y, Hoareau-Aveilla C, Oltean S, Harper SJ, Bates DO Tags: Biochem Soc Trans Source Type: journals

Clinical relevance associated to the analysis of circulating tumour cells in patients with solid tumoursEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The distant growth of tumour cells escaping from primary tumours, a process termed metastasis, represents the leading cause of death among patients affected by malignant neoplasias from breast and colon. During the metastasis process, cancer cells liberated from primary tumour tissue, also termed circulating tumour cells (CTCs), travel through the circulatory and/or lymphatic systems to reach distant organs. The early detection and the genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of such CTCs could represent a powerful diagnostic tool of the disease, and could also be considered an important predictive...
Source: Clinical and Translational Oncology - November 18, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical and Translational Oncology Source Type: journals

Rah, rah, ROS: metabolic changes caused by loss of adhesion induce cell deathEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The high rate of glucose utilization by cancer cells has been well characterized. Recent data suggest that when normal mammary epithelial cells are cultured under nonadherent conditions, glucose consumption decreases, ATP levels fall, and concentrations of reactive oxygen species rise. The rise in reactive oxygen species causes death of nonadherent cells, which can be suppressed with antioxidants. Nonadherent ErbB2-transformed mammary epithelial cells maintain glucose transport and antioxidant production; however, antioxidants appear to enhance anchorage-independent growth. These findings integrate aspects of glucose metab...
Source: Breast Cancer Research - November 18, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Christian YoungSteven Anderson Source Type: journals

Lymphoepitelioma-like carcinoma of the skin: report of three casesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe three new cases of this entity that support an epidermic origin. López V, Martín JM, Santonja N, Molina I, Ramón D, Monteagudo C, Jordá E. Lymphoepitelioma-like carcinoma of the skin: report of three cases (Source: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology)
Source: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology - November 18, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Verónica López, José M. Martín, Nuria Santonja, Inmaculada Molina, Dolores Ramón, Carlos Monteagudo, Esperanza Jordá Source Type: journals

Novel human papillomavirus type 18 replicon and its application in screening the antiviral effects of cytokinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report, we developed a new system for the analysis of the HPV lifecycle. The new system consists of a novel HPV replicon and an organotypic "raft" culture, by which the HPV-DNA is maintained stably in normal human keratinocytes for a long period and the viral vegetative replication is reproduced. This system will benefit biochemical and genetic studies on the lifecycle of HPV and tumorigenesis. This system is also valuable in screening for antiviral compounds. We confirmed its usefulness by evaluating the antivirus effect of cytokines. (Cancer Sci 2009 00: 000[ndash]000) (Source: Cancer Science)
Source: Cancer Science - November 17, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ayano Satsuka, Satoshi Yoshida, Naoko Kajitani, Hiroyasu Nakamura, Hiroyuki Sakai Source Type: journals

Fusion genes and chromosome translocations in the common epithelial cancersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It has been known for 25 years that fusion genes play a central role in leukaemias and sarcomas but they have been neglected in the common carcinomas, largely because of technical limitations of cytogenetics. In the last few years it has emerged that gene fusions, caused by chromosome translocations, inversions, deletions, etc., are important in the common epithelial cancers, such as prostate and lung carcinoma. Most prostate cancers, for example, have an androgen-regulated fusion of one of the ETS transcription factor gene family. Early results of genome-wide searches for gene fusions in breast and other epithelial cancer...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - November 17, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Paul AW Edwards Source Type: journals

Immune Response During Therapy With Cisplatin or Radiation for Human Papillomavirus-Related Head and Neck Cancer [Original Article]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions The HPV-positive tumors are not more curable based on increased epithelial sensitivity to cisplatin or radiation therapy. Instead, radiation and cisplatin induce an immune response to this antigenic cancer. The implications of these results may lead to novel therapies that enhance tumor eradication for HPV-positive cancers. (Source: Archives of Otolaryngology)
Source: Archives of Otolaryngology - November 16, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Spanos, W. C., Nowicki, P., Lee, D. W., Hoover, A., Hostager, B., Gupta, A., Anderson, M. E., Lee, J. H. Tags: Oncology, Head & Neck cancer, Oncology, Other, Otolaryngology/ Head & Neck Surgery, Neoplasms of Head & Neck, Radiation Therapy, Drug Therapy, Drug Therapy, Other, Immunology, Immunology, Other Original Article Source Type: journals

Application of a Novel Method of Double APAAP Staining With Subsequent Quantitative Image Analysis to the Examination of Integrin Expression in Undifferentiated-type Gastric CarcinomasEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In undifferentiated-type gastric carcinoma (UGC), recognition of cancer cells is not easy, which has hampered its precise phenotypic analysis. To examine alterations of the integrin phenotype during the progression of UGC, we used double alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase staining and computer-aided image analyses for the expression of 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, V, β1, and β4 integrin subunits and Vβ3, Vβ5, and Vβ6 integrins in cytokeratin-positive cells in the mucosal, the submucosal, and the deeper parts of 10 early and 17 advanced UGCs, their non-neoplastic counterparts, and 9 lymph node (LN) me...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - November 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yanchenko, N., Sugihara, H., Hattori, T. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Keeping abreast of the mammary epithelial hierarchy and breast tumorigenesis [Reviews]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The epithelium of the mammary gland exists in a highly dynamic state, undergoing dramatic morphogenetic changes during puberty, pregnancy, lactation, and regression. The recent identification of stem and progenitor populations in mouse and human mammary tissue has provided evidence that the mammary epithelium is organized in a hierarchical manner. Characterization of these normal epithelial subtypes is an important step toward understanding which cells are predisposed to oncogenesis. This review summarizes progress in the field toward defining constituent cells and key molecular regulators of the mammary epithelial hierarc...
Source: Genes and Development - November 16, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Visvader, J. E. Tags: cancer and Disease Models Reviews Source Type: journals

Factors necessary to produce basoapical polarity in human glandular epithelium formed in conventional and high-throughput three-dimensional culture: example of the breast epitheliumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: These results provide new insights into the role of the basement membrane, and especially collagen IV, in the development of the apical pole, a critical element of the architecture of glandular epithelia. Also, the high-throughput culture method developed in this study should open new avenues for high-content screening of agents that act on mammary tissue homeostasis and thus, on architectural changes involved in cancer development. (Source: BMC Biology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Biology - Latest articles - November 16, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Cedric PlachotLesley ChaboubHibret AdissuLei WangAlbert UrazaevJennifer SturgisElikplimi AsemSophie Lelievre Source Type: journals

Inhibition of procarcinogen-bioactivating human CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 enzymes by melatoninEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Administration of melatonin to rodents decreases the incidence of tumorigenesis initiated by benzo[a]pyrene or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, which requires bioactivation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, such as CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1, to produce carcinogenic metabolites. The present study tested the hypothesis that melatonin is a modulator of human CYP1 catalytic activity and gene expression. As a comparison, we also investigated the effect of melatonin on the catalytic activity of CYP2A6, which is also a procarcinogen-bioactivating enzyme. Melatonin (3[ndash]300 [mu]m) decreased 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylation ...
Source: Journal of Pineal Research - November 16, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Thomas K. H. Chang, Jie Chen, Guixiang Yang, Eugene Y. H. Yeung Source Type: journals

Tight Junctions: A Barrier to the Initiation and Progression of Breast Cancer?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that arises from epithelial cells lining the breast ducts and lobules. Correct adhesion between adjacent epithelial cells is important in determining the normal structure and function of epithelial tissues, and there is accumulating evidence that dysregulated cell-cell adhesion is associated with many cancers. This review will focus on one cell-cell adhesion complex, the tight junction (TJ), and summarize recent evidence that TJs may participate in breast cancer development or progression. We will first outline the protein composition of TJs and discuss the functions of ...
Source: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology - November 15, 2009 Category: Biotechnology Source Type: journals

Progressive epithelial to mesenchymal transitions in ARCaPE prostate cancer cells during xenograft tumor formation and metastasisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this report, we assessed the extent of EMT by tracking changes in cloned ARCaPE cells expressing red fluorescence protein during successive orthotopic prostate tumor formation. Cancer cells with stromal-like morphology were isolated and examined for EMT-like changes.EMT-like morphologic and expression changes were detected after one round of in vivo tumor formation. Importantly, when recovered tumor cells were used in second round xenograft tumor formation, a large fraction of ARCaPE cells showed drastic EMT-like changes, with markedly enlarged cell size and divergent cell shapes similar to those of mesenchymal stromal ...
Source: The Prostate - November 14, 2009 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hui He, Xiaojian Yang, Alec J. Davidson, Daqing Wu, Fray F. Marshall, Leland W.K. Chung, Haiyen E. Zhau, Ruoxiang Wang Source Type: journals

Potential role of chitinase 3-like-1 in inflammation-associated carcinogenic changes of epithelial cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The family of mammalian chitinases includes members both with and without glycohydrolase enzymatic activity against chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. Chitin is the structural component of fungi, crustaceans, insects and parasitic nematodes, but is completely absent in mammals. Exposure to antigens containing chitin- or chitin-like structures sometimes induces strong T helper type-I responses in mammals, which may be associated with the induction of mammalian chitinases. Chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), a member of the mammalian chitinase family, is induced specifically during the course of inflammation in such diso...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - November 13, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Eurich K, Segawa M, Toei-Shimizu S, Mizoguchi E Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: journals

Lgl2 Executes Its Function as a Tumor Suppressor by Regulating ErbB Signaling in the Zebrafish EpidermisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Author Summary In metazoans, the body surface and linings of several organs are formed from membranous tissue called epithelia. The functions of epithelia include secretion, absorption, and protection. Epithelial cells exhibit polarized distribution of several proteins, which is essential for their function. In carcinomas, which are cancers of epithelial origin, this epithelial cell polarity is impaired. Intriguingly, defects in cell polarization can also lead to tumorigenesis in some animal model systems. It is thus important to understand how cell polarization and epithelial growth control are linked so as to treat the ...
Source: PLoS Genetics - November 13, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Sven Reischauer et al. Source Type: journals

Epidermal growth factor in clinical practice – a review of its biological actions, clinical indications and safety implicationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Berlanga-Acosta J, Gavilondo-Cowley J, López-Saura P, González-López T, Castro-Santana MD, López-Mola E, Guillén-Nieto G, Herrera-Martinez L. Epidermal growth factor in clinical practice[ndash]a review of its biological actions, clinical indications and safety implications. Chemotaxis, mitogenesis, motogenesis and cytoprotection are common cellular events involved in both tumourigenesis and tissue repair, which appear amplified upon growth factors exposure. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) promotes these events in epithelial and mesenchymal cells through the binding to a specific tyrosine kinase receptor. In experimental...
Source: International Wound Journal - November 13, 2009 Category: Surgery Authors: Jorge Berlanga-Acosta, Jorge Gavilondo-Cowley, Pedro López-Saura, Tania González-López, María D Castro-Santana, Ernesto López-Mola, Gerardo Guillén-Nieto, Luis Herrera-Martinez Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals

Novel localization of low affinity NGF receptor (p75) in the stroma of prostate cancer and possible implication in neoplastic invasion: An immunohistochemical and ultracytochemical studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The localization of low affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75) in prostate carcinogenesis is still unclear. Our aim was to reinvestigate the localization of p75 in normal and pathological prostate and to check a possible correlation to neoplastic grading.Specimens from 33 prostate cancers and from normal prostatic tissue were analyzed for p75 expression at light and ultrastructural levels.In normal tissue p75-immunoreactivity was restricted to basal cells in the epithelial compartment and to nerves and blood vessel in stroma. During carcinogenesis, p75-immunoreactivity progressively decreased at the periphery of the f...
Source: The Prostate - November 13, 2009 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mario Rende, Maria G. Rambotti, Anna M. Stabile, Alessandra Pistilli, Claudia Montagnoli, Maria T. Chiarelli, Ettore Mearini Source Type: journals

The Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1{alpha} (HIF1{alpha}) in Modulating Cobalt-Induced Lung Inflammation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hypoxia plays an important role in development, cellular homeostasis, and pathological conditions, such as cancer and stroke. There is also growing evidence that hypoxia is an important modulator of the inflammatory process. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are a family of proteins that regulate the cellular response to oxygen deficit and loss of HIFs impairs inflammatory cell function. There is little known, however, about the role of epithelial-derived HIF signaling in modulating inflammation. Cobalt is capable of eliciting an allergic response and promoting HIF signaling. To characterize the inflammatory function of...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - November 13, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Saini Y, Kim KY, Lewandowski R, Bramble LA, Harkema JR, Lapres JJ Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: journals

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the pineal region in an adult.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly malignant embryonal tumor most often occurring in the posterior fossa in children younger than 3 years of age. Adult cases of AT/RT are very rare, and 27 cases with a diagnosis of either AT/RT or (malignant) rhabdoid tumor have been reported to date. The authors report an adult case of an AT/RT occurring in the pineal region with molecular cytogenetic and immunohistochemical confirmation. A 33-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of headache and blurred vision progressing to diplopia, and was admitted emergently due to deteriorating mental status. An MR...
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - November 13, 2009 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Takei H, Adesina AM, Mehta V, Powell SZ, Langford LA Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: journals

Vascular endothelial growth factor C mRNA expression is a prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian cancer as detected by kinetic RT-PCR in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissueEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is a well described chemotactic and growth factor for lymphatic endothelial cells. Its inhibition leads to suppression of lymphatic and distant metastases in mouse models. In ovarian cancer, the relationship between VEGF-C expression and tumor behavior has not yet been determined by a quantitative method in vivo. Therefore, we used a new technique of RNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples and determined the expression levels of VEGF-C mRNA in a study group of 97 ovarian cancer patients. Expression levels were correlated with ...
Source: Virchows Archiv - November 12, 2009 Category: Pathology Tags: Virchows Archiv Source Type: journals

Retinoblastoma Family Proteins Have Distinct Functions in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells In vivo Critical for Suppressing Cell Growth and TumorigenesisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for more deaths than breast, colon, and prostate cancer combined. The retinoblastoma (Rb)/p16 tumor suppressive pathway is deregulated in most cancers. Loss of p16 occurs more frequently than Rb loss, suggesting that p16 suppresses cancer by regulating Rb as well as the related proteins p107 and p130. However, direct evidence demonstrating that p130 or p107 cooperate with Rb to suppress epithelial cancers associated with p16 loss is currently lacking. Moreover, the roles of p130 and p107 in lung cancer are not clear. In the present studies, Rb ablation was targe...
Source: Cancer Research - November 12, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Simpson, D. S., Mason-Richie, N. A., Gettler, C. A., Wikenheiser-Brokamp, K. A. Tags: Molecular Biology, Pathobiology, and Genetics Source Type: journals

Lin-Sca-1+CD49fhigh Stem/Progenitors Are Tumor-Initiating Cells in the Pten-Null Prostate Cancer ModelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have shown previously that Pten deletion leads to the expansion of subset of prostate cancer cells positive for CK5 and p63. Although this subpopulation may be involved in tumor initiation or progression, studies to date have not functionally validated this hypothesis. Using in vitro sphere-forming assay and in vivo prostate reconstitution assay, we show here the presence of a tumor-initiating subpopulation in the Pten prostate cancer mouse model. Specifically, we show that the Lin–Sca-1+CD49fhigh (LSC) subpopulation overlaps with CK5+;p63+ cells and is significantly increased during prostate cancer initiation and...
Source: Cancer Research - November 12, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mulholland, D. J., Xin, L., Morim, A., Lawson, D., Witte, O., Wu, H. Tags: Cell, Tumor, and Stem Cell Biology Source Type: journals

Pattern of Antioxidant and DNA Repair Gene Expression in Normal Airway Epithelium Associated with Lung Cancer DiagnosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In previous studies, we reported that key antioxidant and DNA repair genes are regulated differently in normal bronchial epithelial cells of lung cancer cases compared with non–lung cancer controls. In an effort to develop a biomarker for lung cancer risk, we evaluated the transcript expressions of 14 antioxidant, DNA repair, and transcription factor genes in normal bronchial epithelial cells (HUGO names CAT, CEBPG, E2F1, ERCC4, ERCC5, GPX1, GPX3, GSTM3, GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTZ1, MGST1, SOD1, and XRCC1). A test comprising these 14 genes accurately identified the lung cancer cases in two case-control studies. The receiver ...
Source: Cancer Research - November 12, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Blomquist, T., Crawford, E. L., Mullins, D., Yoon, Y., Hernandez, D.-A., Khuder, S., Ruppel, P. L., Peters, E., Oldfield, D. J., Austermiller, B., Anders, J. C., Willey, J. C. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: journals

Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitors: New Mode of Therapy to Overcome Endocrine ResistanceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined whether the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG) can inhibit the growth of aromatase inhibitor–resistant breast cancers and the mechanisms by which 17-DMAG affects proliferation. Aromatase inhibitor–responsive MCF-7aro and aromatase inhibitor–resistant LTEDaro breast epithelial cells were used in this study. We observed that 17-DMAG inhibited proliferation in both MCF-7aro and LTEDaro cells in a dose-dependent manner. 17-DMAG induced apoptosis and G2 cell cycle arrest in both cell lines. Although inhibition of HSP90 decreased t...
Source: Cancer Research - November 12, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wong, C., Chen, S. Tags: Experimental Therapeutics, Molecular Targets, and Chemical Biology Source Type: journals

Intraductal oncocytic papillary carcinoma of the pancreas showing numerous hyaline globules in the lumenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two cases of intraductal oncocytic papillary carcinoma (IOPC) treated surgically were analyzed on light microscopy and immunohistochemistry: that of a 61-year-old man and that of a 55-year-old man. There were no clinical symptoms in either case. Pancreatic abnormalities were discovered incidentally on CT. Various clinical examinations were carried out, and the preoperative diagnosis was intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) in both cases. Surgery was performed. Macroscopic observation of tissue cross-sections indicated multilocular cystic mass containing polypoid lesions encapsulated by the dilated pancreatic duc...
Source: Pathology International - November 12, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Takuma Tajiri, Tomoko Inagaki, Nobuyuki Ohike, Mutsuko Omatsu, Hisashi Kasugai, Toshiaki Kunimura, Akira Shiokawa, Toshiyuki Mitsuya, Toshio Morohoshi Source Type: journals

Profiling and comparing transcription factors activated in non-metastatic and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transcription factors (TFs) are modulators of gene expression that are critically important in the establishment and progression of human cancers. In the current study, the activity profiles of TFs in a normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line and in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines were studied using oligonucleotide array-based TF assays. Compared to the normal epithelial cell line NP69, nine TFs in the non-metastatic NPC cell line (6-10B) and eight TFs in a metastatic NPC cell line (5-8F) were upregulated. Among upregulated TFs, Sp1, AP2, and ATF/CREB families exhibited relatively high activities in NPC cell l...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - November 12, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bo Su, Bo Xiang, Li Wang, Li Cao, Lan Xiao, Xiaoling Li, Xiayu Li, Minghua Wu, Guiyuan Li Source Type: journals

Nicotine, through upregulating pro-survival signaling, cooperates with NNK to promote transformationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cigarette smoking is a mixture of thousands of compounds, many of which are carcinogens, such as NNK [4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone]. Nicotine, as an addictive substance in cigarette, has been shown to promote growth of non-neuronal cells. It is unclear how nicotine cooperates with tobacco-related carcinogens during tumorigenesis. Here, by concurrent treatment of nicotine and NNK, we investigate the effect of the cooperation of these two compounds on cell growth and apoptosis in various different lung epithelial (RLE) or cancer (LKR) cells. We demonstrated that short-term nicotine exposure moderately activ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - November 12, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Takashi Nishioka, Jinjin Guo, Daisuke Yamamoto, Lihua Chen, Petra Huppi, Chang Yan Chen Source Type: journals

Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha and 2alpha in conventional renal cell carcinoma with or without sarcomatoid differentiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha are not expressed in the sarcomatoid component in about a half of clear cell RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation, while HIF-2alpha was consistently overexpressed in the epithelial component in a majority of the tumors. Only HIF-1alpha expression regardless of tumor component is an independent prognostic factor in clear cell RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation. PMID: 19914104 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)
Source: Urologic Oncology - November 12, 2009 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ku JH, Park YH, Myung JK, Moon KC, Kwak C, Kim HH Tags: Urol Oncol Source Type: journals

Risk Factors for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Histologic Subtype.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Previous epidemiologic studies suggest that the major histologic subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer may have different risk factor profiles; however, no known prospective study has systematically examined differences in risk by subtype. The authors used Cox proportional hazards regression, stratified by histologic subtype and time period, to examine the association between ovarian cancer risk factors and incidence of serous invasive, endometrioid, and mucinous ovarian cancers in the US Nurses' Health Study (1976-2006) and Nurses' Health Study II (1989-2005). For each exposure, they calculated P-heterogeneity using a...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - November 12, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Gates MA, Rosner BA, Hecht JL, Tworoger SS Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: journals

The clinical implications of MMP-11 and CK-20 expression in human breast cancer.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: We demonstrate that MMP-11 and CK-20 are probable prognostic markers whose expression reflects the stages of tumor differentiation and LNM of breast cancer. PMID: 19914229 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry)
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - November 12, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Cheng CW, Yu JC, Wang HW, Huang CS, Shieh JC, Fu YP, Chang CW, Wu PE, Shen CY Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: journals

Black Raspberry Components Inhibit Proliferation, Induce Apoptosis, and Modulate Gene Expression in Rat Esophageal Epithelial CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Nutrition and Cancer)
Source: Nutrition and Cancer - November 11, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Stoner, Gary D.Schwartz, Steven J.Lechner, JohnWang, Li-ShuRiedl, Kenneth M.Zikri, Nancy N. Source Type: journals

Piceatannol Inhibits Phorbol Ester-Induced NF-κ B Activation and COX-2 Expression in Cultured Human Mammary Epithelial CellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Nutrition and Cancer)
Source: Nutrition and Cancer - November 11, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Surh, Young-JoonNa, Hye-KyungPark, Jong-MinKim, Do-HeeLiu, Dan Source Type: journals

Hypermethylation of the GSTP1 promoter region in breast cancer is associated with prognostic clinicopathological parameters.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer affecting women and the recent research is focused on identifying new genetic and epigenetic prognostic and predictive factors. Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) is abiotransformation enzyme expressed in normal breast epithelial cells which can be epigenetically inactivated in breast cancer. We have shown, that application of nested two-stage methylation-specific PCR (MSP) is asuitable method for analysis of epigenetically silenced GSTP1 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from breast cancer patients. Of 45 breast tumors, 11 (24, 4%) were found to have me...
Source: Neoplasma - November 11, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lasabova Z, Tilandyova P, Kajo K, Zubor P, Burjanivova T, Danko J, Plank L Tags: Neoplasma Source Type: journals

Expression of the claudin-4 molecule in benign and malignant canine hepatoid gland tumours.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Claudins are integral membrane proteins of the tight junction structures expressed by epithelial and endothelial cells. The present study has evaluated the expression of claudin-4 in 10 normal canine hepatoid glands and in 67 hepatoid glands with hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions. The lesions studied included normal hepatoid glands (n = 10), nodular hyperplasias (n = 10), adenomas (n = 12), epitheliomas (n = 15), differentiated carcinomas (n = 15) and anaplastic carcinomas (n = 15). There was an intensive expression of claudin-4 in normal canine hepatoid glands as well as in hyperplasias and adenomas. Claudin-4 was d...
Source: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica - November 11, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Jakab C, Rusvai M, Szabó Z, Szabára A, Kulka J Tags: Acta Vet Hung Source Type: journals

Dynamic regulation of CD24 and the invasive, CD44posCD24neg phenotype in breast cancer cell linesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that the invasive, mesenchymal CD44posCD24neg phenotype is under dynamic control in breast cancer cell lines both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, our observations suggest that targeted therapy against CD44posCD24neg tumor cells may have limited success in preventing primary tumor metastasis unless Activin/Nodal signaling is arrested. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)
Source: Breast Cancer Research - November 11, 2009 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Matthew MeyerJodie FlemingMustapha AliMitchell PeseskyErika GinsburgBarbara Vonderhaar Source Type: journals

p21CIP1 attenuates Ras- and c-Myc-dependent breast tumor epithelial mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell-like gene expression in vivo [Cell_Biology]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
p21CIP1/WAF1 is a downstream effector of tumor suppressors and functions as a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor to block cellular proliferation. Breast... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - November 10, 2009 Category: Science Authors: Liu, M., Casimiro, M. C., Wang, C., Shirley, L. A., Jiao, X., Katiyar, S., Ju, X., Li, Z., Yu, Z., Zhou, J., Johnson, M., Fortina, P., Hyslop, T., Windle, J. J., Pestell, R. G. Tags: Cell_Biology Source Type: journals