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Thymidine Analogue Resistance Suppression by V75I of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase: EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTING VALINE 75 ON STAVUDINE EXCISION AND DISCRIMINATION [Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Val75 of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) plays a role in positioning the template nucleotide +1 during the formation of the ternary complex. Mutations, such as V75M and V75A, emerge in patients infected with HIV-1 group M subtype B and group O variants, after failing treatment with stavudine (d4T) and other nucleoside RT inhibitors. V75I is an accessory mutation of the Q151M multidrug resistance complex of HIV-1 RT and is rarely associated with thymidine analogue resistance mutations (TAMs). In vitro, it confers resistance to acyclovir. TAMs confer resistance to zidovudine (AZT) and d4T by increasing the rate of ATP-media...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 13, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Matamoros, T., Nevot, M., Martinez, M. A., Menendez-Arias, L. Tags: Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation Source Type: journals

Newer trends in the management of genital herpesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nath Amiya Kumar, Thappa Devinder MohanIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2009 75(6):566-574Management of genital herpes is complex. Apart from using the standard antivirals, an ideal management protocol also needs to address various aspects of the disease, including the psychological morbidity. Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir or famciclovir are recommended for routine use. Long-term suppressive therapy is effective in reducing the number of recurrences and the risk of transmission to others. Severe or disseminated disease may require intravenous therapy. Resistant cases are managed with foscarnet or ci...
Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology - November 12, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: Nath Amiya Kumar, Thappa Devinder Mohan Source Type: journals

2010 ASN AbstractsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: VBD can enlarge to significant dimensions, producing compressive symptoms in the brainstem, as well as thrombosis and ischemic strokes. SACE of the dolichoectasia can be effective for the vessel reconstruction, to prevent progression of the dilatation, and other potential clinical events. 3. Three Case Reports of Multiple Carotid and/or Vertebral Artery Dissections in Female Mei Lu, Heather Gornik, Esteban Cheng Ching, Vikram Kashyap, Rishi Gupta Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States Introduction: Multiple carotid and/or vertebral artery dissections are rare. However, patients with mul...
Source: Journal of Neuroimaging - November 11, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Long-term Outcomes of Keratolimbal Allograft for Total Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency Using Combined Immunosuppressive Agents and Correction of Ocular Surface Deficits [Clinical Sciences]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion Correction of ocular surface deficits combined with an immunosuppressive regimen further improves the long-term outcome of KLAL in eyes with total limbal stem cell deficiency. (Source: Archives of Opthalmology)
Source: Archives of Opthalmology - November 9, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Liang, L., Sheha, H., Tseng, S. C. G. Tags: Ophthalmology, Ophthalmological Disorders, Corneal Disorders, Ophthalmological Procedures, Ophthalmological Procedures, Other, Transplantation, Transplantation, Other, Drug Therapy, Drug Therapy, Other, Immunology, Immunology, Other Clinical Sciences Source Type: journals

Valacyclovir Pharmacokinetics and Exploratory Pharmacodynamics in Young Adults With Epstein-Barr Virus Infectious Mononucleosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objectives of this study are to characterize the pharmacokinetics and explore the pharmacodynamics of acyclovir in plasma and oral washings of 8 subjects receiving 7 days of valacyclovir 1500 mg twice daily for EBV infectious mononucleosis. Virologic and clinical responses are assessed over 12 days. Acyclovir is measured by liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection. EBV DNA is quantitated by TaqMan polymerase chain reaction. NONMEM VI and linear regression are used for data analysis. Acyclovir profiles in plasma and oral washings are consistent with a 1-compartment model. Final model estimates of clearance, volume of...
Source: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - November 6, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Vezina HE, Balfour HH, Weller DR, Anderson BJ, Brundage R Tags: J Clin Pharmacol Source Type: journals

New Cream May Prevent Cold Sore RecurrenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
San Francisco — A newly approved cream containing 5% acyclovir and 1% hydrocortisone prevented ulcerated lesions in patients with recurrent herpes simplex labialis, compared with both topical acyclovir and placebo, a large multicenter study showed. (Source: Skin and Allergy News)
Source: Skin and Allergy News - November 1, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: DOUG BRUNK Tags: Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

Pneumonia Due to Varicella-Zoster Virus Reinfection in a Renal Transplant RecipientEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, this report documents VZV reinfection in a transplant patient. (Source: Transplantation Proceedings)
Source: Transplantation Proceedings - November 1, 2009 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: A. Sato, N. Amada, H. Kikuchi, T. Fukumori, I. Haga, Y. Takahashi Tags: Case Reports Source Type: journals

Cytomegalovirus retinitis associated with Good's syndrome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. CMV retinitis can be associated with Good’s syndrome. PMID: 19882506 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: European Journal of Ophthalmology - October 28, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Mateo-Montoya A, Stanescu D, Wolff B, Sahel JA, Bonnel S Tags: Eur J Ophthalmol Source Type: journals

Inhibition of B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) by Conventional and Experimental Antiviral Compounds.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
B virus infection of humans results in high morbidity and mortality in up to 80% of identified cases. The main objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of conventional and experimental antiviral drug susceptibilities of B virus isolates from multiple macaque species and zoonotically infected humans. We used a plaque reduction assay to establish the effective inhibitory doses of acyclovir, ganciclovir, and vidarabine, as well as a group of experimental nucleoside analogs with known anti-herpes simplex virus activity. Four of the tested experimental drugs were 10 to 100-fold more potent inhibitors of...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - October 26, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Krug PW, Schinazi RF, Hilliard JK Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

ZOVIRAX (Acyclovir) Cream [BTA PHARMACEUTICALS INC]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Updated Date: Oct 22, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))
Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) - October 22, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

ZOVIRAX (Acyclovir) Ointment [BTA PHARMACEUTICALS INC]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Updated Date: Oct 22, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))
Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) - October 22, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

In Search Of A Selective Therapy Of Viral Infections.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article is meant as an introductory chapter to the special issue of Antiviral Research on "Twenty-five years of antiretroviral drug development: progress and prospects", commemorating the first description of azidothymidine (AZT) as an antiretroviral agent. This has prompted me to highlight some of the hallmarks that played an important role in my own search of a selective therapy of viral infections: i.e., the induction of interferon by double-stranded RNA [such as poly(I).poly(C)], allowing the cloning and expression of beta-interferon; the discovery of the reverse transcriptase (RT) (and HIV as a retrovirus dependi...
Source: Antiviral Research - October 20, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: De Clercq E Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: journals

[Acute retinal necrosis : Clinical features and therapy options.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Varicella zoster virus is the most frequent cause of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) followed by herpes simplex virus. Retinal ischemia and optic nerve atrophy are the main causes of the frequently poor final visual outcome in severe cases of ARN. The clinical diagnosis of ARN should be made as early as possible. Acyclovir should be administered intravenously due to its unreliable oral bioavailability. Systemic corticosteroids should be applied to suppress tissue damage caused by the host's inflammatory response. Severe cases of ARN should be treated by early vitrectomy with diagnostic vitreous biopsy, intravitreal aciclo...
Source: Der Ophthalmologe - October 10, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Hillenkamp J, Nölle B, Rautenberg P, Fickenscher H, Roider J Tags: Ophthalmologe Source Type: journals

Obstructive endo-bronchial pseudotumour due to herpes simplex type 2 infection in an HIV-infected manEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a 31-year-old man with an obstructive bronchial lesion due to herpes simplex type 2 infection, who responded promptly to endoscopic resection and oral treatment with acyclovir. Exophytic lesions of the respiratory tract are rare, potentially life-threatening, but readily treated complication of herpes simplex virus infection in HIV-infected individuals. (Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS)
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS - October 8, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Plowman, G M, Watson, M W, D'Souza, H, Thomas, M G Tags: Case reports Source Type: journals

Simultaneous herpes simplex virus esophagitis and lupus enteritis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract A 52-year-old woman with a 6-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea accompanied by hypocomplementemia. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) esophagitis and lupus enteritis were diagnosed on the basis of the results of endoscopic and histological examinations and abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings. Treatment with acyclovir followed by high-dose intravenous steroids improved her symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first case of simultaneous HSV esophagitis and lupus enteritis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case Rep...
Source: Modern Rheumatology - October 3, 2009 Category: Rheumatology Tags: Modern Rheumatology Source Type: journals

Acyclovir Susceptibility and Genetic Characteristics of Sequential Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Corneal Isolates from Patients with Recurrent Herpetic KeratitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Corneal HSV‐1 isolates are mixtures of acyclovir‐sensitive and acyclovir‐resistant viruses that share the same genotype but have different TK sequences. Recovery of the same acyclovir‐resistant virus during consecutive herpetic keratitis episodes suggests that acyclovir‐resistant HSV‐1 establishes latency and reactivates intermittently to cause acyclovir‐refractory RHK. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue - October 1, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article MAJOR ARTICLE Source Type: journals

Fulminant Hepatic Failure due to Varicella Zoster in a Heart Transplant Patient: Successful Liver TransplantEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fulminant hepatic failure is a rare complication of infection by varicella zoster virus that is favored by immunosuppression. Within 1 week, a 43-year-old male heart transplant recipient who was admitted with epigastric pain successively developed a generalized vesicular rash, hepatitis, and secondary multiorganic failure involving encephalopathy, despite treatment with acyclovir (since Day 2) and varicella zoster virus immunoglobulin (since Day 6). Emergency liver transplantation was performed on Day 9, and 36 months later, his heart and liver function are normal. (Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation)
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - September 27, 2009 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Marlén Alvite-Canosa, María Jesús Paniagua-Martín, Julia Quintela-Fandiño, Alejandra Otero, María Generosa Crespo-Leiro Tags: Clinical Dilemmas Source Type: journals

Inhibition of Herpesvirus Replication by 5-substituted-4'-thio Pyrimidine Nucleosides.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We reported previously that one analog, 5-iodo-4'-thio-2'-deoxyuridine (4'-thioIDU), exhibited good antiviral activity both in vitro and in vivo against two orthopoxviruses. This compound also has good activity in cell culture against many of the herpesviruses. It inhibited the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus with EC50 values of 0.4 microM, 0.5 microM, and 2 microM, respectively. It also inhibited the replication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) with an EC50 of 5.9 microM, but did not selectively inhibit Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus type 6, or human ...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - September 20, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Prichard MN, Quenelle DC, Hartline CB, Harden EA, Jefferson G, Frederick SL, Daily SL, Whitley RJ, Tiwari KN, Maddry JA, Secrist JA, Kern ER Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Engineering of a Chimeric RB69 DNA Polymerase Sensitive to Drugs Targeting the Cytomegalovirus Enzyme [Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Detailed structural and biochemical studies with the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV UL54) DNA polymerase are hampered by difficulties to obtain this enzyme in large quantities. The crystal structure of the related RB69 DNA polymerase (gp43) is often used as a model system to explain mechanisms of inhibition of DNA synthesis and drug resistance. However, here we demonstrate that gp43 is ~400-fold less sensitive to the pyrophosphate analog foscarnet, when compared with UL54. The RB69 enzyme is also able to discriminate against the nucleotide analog inhibitor acyclovir. In contrast, the HCMV polymerase is able to incorporate thi...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - September 17, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Tchesnokov, E. P., Obikhod, A., Schinazi, R. F., Gotte, M. Tags: Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation Source Type: journals

Development of Herpes Simplex Virus Stomatitis during Receipt of Cidofovir TherapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report 3 children who, after undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant, developed herpes simplex virus (HSV) stomatitis while receiving weekly cidofovir as preemptive treatment for cytomegalovirus infection. All patients responded well to treatment with either acyclovir or ganciclovir. Despite the in vitro susceptibility of HSV to cidofovir, once‐weekly treatment with this agent may not be adequate prophylaxis in pediatric patients. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue - September 17, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article BRIEF REPORT Source Type: journals

Facial herpes zoster infection precipitated by surgical manipulation of the trigeminal nerve during exploration of the posterior fossa: a case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Postoperative shingles precipitated by trigeminal nerve manipulation during surgery for trigeminal neuralgia can be a distressing and demoralizing experience for the patient. A careful preoperative history, early recognition, and prompt antiviral therapy is necessary. (Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports)
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - September 15, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: journals

Cochrane review: Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of systemic acyclovir for primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.We searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 22 May 2008); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2008, Issue 2); MEDLINE (1950 to 22 May 2008); and EMBASE (1980 to 22 May 2008). There were no language restrictions.Randomised controlled trials comparing acyclovir to placebo in children and young adults < 25 years of age with a diagnosis of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis with or without herpes labialis were conside...
Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal - September 15, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Mona Nasser, Zbys Fedorowicz, Mohammad H Khoshnevisan, Maryam Shahiri Tabarestani Tags: Gingivostomatitis Source Type: journals

Summary of 'Acylovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis', including tables of key findings and quality of included trialsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This is a summary, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials, of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Nasser M, Fedorowicz Z, Khoshnevisan MH, Shahiri Tabarestani M. Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD006700. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD006700.pub2.Further information for this is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying . Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration (Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Co...
Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal - September 15, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: M. Nasser, Z. Fedorowicz, M. H. Khoshnevisan, M. Shahiri Tabarestani, E. C. van Dalen, L. C. M. Kremer Tags: Gingivostomatitis Source Type: journals

Two commentaries on 'Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis'Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
These are commentaries on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Nasser M, Fedorowicz Z, Khoshnevisan MH, Shahiri Tabarestani M. Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art No.: CD006700. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD006700.pub2.Further information for this is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying article. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration (Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal)
Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal - September 15, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Bernhard L. Wiedermann, Jacob Amir Tags: Gingivostomatitis Source Type: journals

Preparation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Acyclovir.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study performed by preparation and evaluation of floating tablets of Acyclovir as model drug for prolongation of gastric residence time. Floating effervescent tablets were formulated by various materials like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K 4M, K 15M, psyllium husk, swelling agent as crospovidone and microcrystalline cellulose and gas generating agent like sodium bicarbonate and citric acid and evaluated for floating properties, swelling characteristics and in vitro drug release studies. Floating noneffervescent tablets were prepared by polypropylene foam powder and different matrix forming polymers like HP...
Source: Current Drug Delivery - September 14, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Garg R, Gupta GD Tags: Curr Drug Deliv Source Type: journals

Structural basis for the specificity of thymidylate kinases from human pathogens: implications for nucleotide analogues activationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several human pathogens possess nucleoside or nucleotide kinases with large substrate specificity compared to their human counterparts. This phenomenon has been successfully exploited for the specific targeting of prodrugs such as Acyclovir against herpes virus. Combined structural and biochemical studies of these enzymes can thus provide essential information for the rational design of specific antimicrobial agents. Here we studied the structural basis for the specificity of a thymidylate kinase from the poxvirus family. Poxvirus thymidylate kinase has unusual substrate specificity and can accept bulky analogues such as 5...
Source: Nucleic Acids Symposium Series - September 11, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Meyer, P., Caillat, C., Topalis, D., Balzarini, J., Deville-Bonne, D. Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Herpes Simplex Esophagitis in Immunocompetent Host: A Case ReportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. HSE should be suspected in case of esophagitis without evident cause, even if the patient is immunocompetent. When the diagnosis of HSE is confirmed, careful history and assessment for an immune disorder such as HIV infection is crucial, to look for underlying immune deficiency. (Source: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy)
Source: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy - September 9, 2009 Category: Surgery Source Type: journals

Assay and stability-indicating micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of valacyclovir, acyclovir and their major impurity guanine in pharmaceutical formulations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method for the simultaneous determination of the antiviral drugs acyclovir and valacyclovir and their major impurity, guanine, was developed. The influences of several factors (surfactant and buffer concentration, pH, applied voltage, capillary temperature and injection time) were studied. Using tyramine hydrochloride as internal standard, the analytes were all separated in about 4 min. The separation was carried out in reversed polarity mode at 28 degrees C, 25 kV and using hydrodynamic injection (15 s). The separation was effected in a fused-silica capillary 100 mum x 5...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - September 7, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Al Azzam KM, Saad B, Makahleah A, Aboul-Enein HY, Elbashir AA Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: journals

In vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiviral effects of Pterocaulon alopecuroides and Bidens segetum extractsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pterocaulon alopecuroides (Lamark) De Candolle and Bidens segetum Mart. ex Colla are two species belonging to the Asteraceae family. Extracts from those two species were evaluated to their cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiviral activities. All the extracts assayed have shown a very high cytotoxity against RBL-2H3 cell line. The antioxidant assay pointed out a really high activity of the ethyl acetate extracts for B. segetum and P. alopecuroides. This can be partially explained due to the high content of coumarins, at least for P. alopecuroides. None of the total ethanol extracts from B. segetum showed significant activity ag...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - September 5, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Measurement and predictors of adherence in a trial of HSV suppressive therapy in TanzaniaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study estimates adherence and identifies predictors of good adherence among 1305 Tanzanian women participating in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of HSV suppressive therapy to reduce HIV incidence or genital HIV shedding. Women were randomised to acyclovir 400mg BD or placebo and followed every three months for 12–30months. Adherence was assessed by tablet counts. Random urine samples, collected between 6 and 24months, were tested for acyclovir. At 12, 24 and 30month visits, 56%, 52% and 54% of women on treatment had adherence ≥90%, respectively. Factors independently associated with good adhe...
Source: Contemporary Clinical Trials - September 1, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Deborah Watson-Jones, Kathy Baisley, Mary Rusizoka, Clare Tanton, Kokugonza Mugeye, Helen A Weiss, John Changalucha, Tim Clayton, Ian Hambleton, David A. Ross, Richard J Hayes Tags: Clinical trial management and optimization Source Type: journals

Fetal Infections and Brain DevelopmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Current microbial diagnostics enable rapid and specific identification of the agents causing intrauterine and perinatal infections, and CT and MRI allow precise characterization of the central nervous system effects of these pathogens. Although infections with Toxoplasma gondii, Toxoplasma pallidum, Toxoplasma cruzi, and cytomegalovirus cannot currently be prevented by immunization, postnatal therapy of infected neonates can substantially improve outcome. Therapy with acyclovir should be initiated whenever perinatal herpes simplex virus encephalitis is suspected. Despite these strategies, intrauterine and perinatal infecti...
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - August 31, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: James F. Bale Source Type: journals

Improvement in Healing and Reduction in HIV Shedding with Episodic Acyclovir Therapy as Part of Syndromic Management among Men: A Randomized, Controlled TrialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Addition of acyclovir to syndromic management will improve healing of genital ulcers and may potentially reduce HIV transmission in combination with other interventions. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00164424. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue - August 28, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article MAJOR ARTICLE Source Type: journals

BioAlliance Pharma Announces Positive Preliminary Pivotal Phase III Results In Herpes Labialis With Acyclovir Lauriad(R)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
BioAlliance Pharma SA (Paris:BIO), a company dedicated to the treatment and supportive care of cancer and AIDS patients, is pleased to announce positive preliminary results in its LIP phase III pivotal study (Lauriad® Immunocompetent Patients Study ). (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - August 27, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Dermatology Source Type: news

BioAlliance Pharma announces positive preliminary pivotal phase III results in herpes labialis with acyclovir LauriadEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Paris, August 26, 2009 – BioAlliance Pharma SA (Euronext Paris – BIO), a company dedicated to the treatment and supportive care of cancer and AIDS patients, is pleased today to announce positive preliminary results in its LIP phase III... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)
Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials - August 26, 2009 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: clinical trials

BioAlliance Pharma Announces Positive Preliminary Pivotal Phase III Results in Herpes Labialis with Acyclovir LauriadEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PARIS--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Aug 26, 2009 - Regulatory News: BioAlliance Pharma SA (Paris:BIO), a company dedicated to the treatment and supportive care of cancer and AIDS patients, is pleased today to announce positive preliminary results in its... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)
Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials - August 26, 2009 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: clinical trials

Herpes zoster laryngitis with intractable hiccupsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: A 73-year-old man presented to our hospital with a sore throat (left-sided) and hiccups. The patient had mucosal swelling and erosions affecting the left posterior pillar, base of tongue, epiglottis, arytenoid, and aryepiglottic fold. As the laryngeal mucosal edema became worse, herpetic vesicles and erosions developed on the left cavum conchae, external auditory canal, and palate. The patient was treated with acyclovir and a steroid. His hiccups were treated with metoclopramide, but it had little effect, and hiccups only subsided gradually after the disappearance of erosions. His hiccups relapsed transiently wit...
Source: Auris, Nasus, Larynx - August 21, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Setsuko Morinaka Tags: Case reports Source Type: journals

Antiviral therapy in children with hydroa vacciniforme.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe here four patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hydroa vacciniforme treated with acyclovir/valacyclovir therapy with a good clinical response. The children were reported to have less fatigue, fewer eruptions, less scarring, and increased ability to spend time outdoors without provoking new eruptions. This was also in agreement with clinical observations. However, one patient progressed into an anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1-negative anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in the upper jaw. This was preceded by an increase in EBV viral load. Acyclovir/valacyclovir therapy is a safe treatment. Further studies are requ...
Source: Acta Derm Venereol A... - August 20, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: Lysell J, Wiegleb Edström D, Linde A, Carlsson G, Malmros-Svennilson J, Westermark A, Andersson J, Wahlgren CF Tags: Acta Derm Venereol Source Type: journals

Antiherpetic Properties of Acyclovir 5'-Hydrogenphosphonate and the Mutation Analysis of Herpes Virus Resistant StrainsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we continued to study antiherpetic properties of acyclovir 5'-hydrogenphosphonate (Hp-ACV) in cell cultures and animal models. Hp-ACV was shown to inhibit the development of herpetic infection in mice induced by the HSV-1/L2 strain. The compound suppressed replication of both ACV-sensitive HSV-1/L2 and ACV-resistant HSV-1/L2/R strains in Vero cell culture. Viral population resistant to Hp-ACV (HSV-1/L2/RHp-ACV) was developed much slower than ACV-resistant population. The analysis of Hp-ACV-resistant clones isolated from the HSV-1/L2/RHp-ACV population demonstrated their partial cross-resistance to ACV. The m...
Source: Chemical Biology and Drug Design - August 18, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Anna A. Gus'kova, Mikhail Yu. Skoblov, Anna N. Korovina, Maxim V. Yasko, Inna L. Karpenko, Marina K. Kukhanova, Valeria L. Andronova, George A. Galegov, Yuri S. Skoblov Source Type: journals

Nonparametric estimator of relative time with application to the Acyclovir Prevention Trial.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Similar to Cox's relative hazard estimator, the proposed RT does not assume the data are generated from a particular distribution. RTs should be more widely used as a measure of association in clinical trials. Clinical Trials 2009; 6: 320-328. http://ctj.sagepub.com. PMID: 19667028 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Herpes)
Source: Herpes - August 13, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Cole SR, Haitao Chu , Lei Nie Tags: Clin Trials Source Type: journals

Chronic Herpes Simplex Scleritis: Characterization of 9 Cases of an Underrecognized Clinical EntityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Unrecognized HSV infection can cause longstanding scleritis. Histopathologic features of HSV scleritis are varied and nonspecific; immunofluorescent demonstration of HSV protein can make a definitive diagnosis. Prolonged administration of acyclovir is required for effective therapy. (Source: American Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: American Journal of Ophthalmology - August 11, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Pooja V. Bhat, Frederick A. Jakobiec, Kristina Kurbanyan, Tongzhen Zhao, C. Stephen Foster Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Pyrazolopyrimidines and pyrazolotriazines with potent activity against herpesviruses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Synthesis of several pyrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazines with potent activity against herpes simplex viruses is described. Synthetic approaches allowing for variation of the substitution pattern are outlined and resulting changes in antiviral activity are highlighted. Several compounds with in vitro antiviral activity similar or better than acyclovir are described. PMID: 19700316 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters)
Source: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters - August 6, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Gudmundsson KS, Johns BA, Weatherhead J Tags: Bioorg Med Chem Lett Source Type: journals

FDA Approves Hydrocortisone/Acyclovir Cream for Treating Cold SoresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The FDA has approved a hydrocortisone plus acyclovir cream for the early treatment of recurrent cold sores to reduce the likelihood of ulcerative cold sores and to shorten the lesion healing time. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - August 6, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Serum ferritin as risk factor for sinusoidal obstruction syndrome of the liver in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a serious complication in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. To determine the impact of pretransplantation hyperferritinemia on the risk of SOS after HSC transplantation, we retrospectively studied 427 HSCT recipients (179 autologous and 248 allogeneic). Serum ferritin levels were measured before transplantation. Patients with and without a diagnosis of SOS were compared regarding demographics; underlying disease; transplant characteristics; receipt of imatinib, busulfan, total body irradiation, gemtuzumab, vancomycin, acyclovir, or methotrexate; and basel...
Source: Blood - August 5, 2009 Category: Hematology Authors: Maradei, S. C., Maiolino, A., de Azevedo, A. M., Colares, M., Bouzas, L. F., Nucci, M. Tags: Transplantation, Free Research Articles, Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: journals

Inhibition of HSV-1 ocular infection with morpholino oligomers targeting ICP0 and ICP27.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study demonstrates that topically applied PPMO holds promise as an antiviral drug candidate against HSV-1 ocular infection. PMID: 19665486 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - August 5, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: Moerdyk-Schauwecker M, Stein DA, Eide K, Blouch RE, Bildfell R, Iversen P, Jin L Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: journals

The US FDA approves Lipsovir for marketing and sales in USEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
STOCKHOLM, Sweden, Aug. 3, 2009--The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has now approved Lipsovir, i.e. granted Medivir’s New Drug Application (NDA) for the use of acyclovir and hydrocortisone for early treatment of recurrent cold sores... (Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Approvals)
Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Approvals - August 4, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: news

The Application of Phosphoramidate Protide Technology to Acyclovir Confers Anti-HIV InhibitionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 0, Issue 0, Articles ASAP (As Soon As Publishable). (Source: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - July 31, 2009 Category: Chemistry Tags: article Source Type: journals

Mechanisms Associated with HIV-1 Resistance to Acyclovir by the V75I Mutation in Reverse Transcriptase [Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It has recently been demonstrated that the anti-herpetic drug acyclovir (ACV) also displays antiviral activity against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The triphosphate form of ACV is accepted by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), and subsequent incorporation leads to classical chain termination. Like all approved nucleoside analogue RT inhibitors (NRTIs), the selective pressure of ACV is associated with the emergence of resistance. The V75I mutation in HIV-1 RT appears to be dominant in this regard. By itself, this mutation is usually not associated with resistance to currently approved NRTIs. Here we studi...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - July 30, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Tchesnokov, E. P., Obikhod, A., Massud, I., Lisco, A., Vanpouille, C., Brichacek, B., Balzarini, J., McGuigan, C., Derudas, M., Margolis, L., Schinazi, R. F., Gotte, M. Tags: Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation Source Type: journals

IAS: Acyclovir Flops in Preventing HIV Transmission (CME/CE)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CAPE TOWN (MedPage Today) -- The anti-herpes drug acyclovir (Zovirax) failed to prevent transmission of HIV among discordant couples, but researchers suggest it may still have a role in treatment by slowing progression to full-blown AIDS. (Source: MedPage Today State Required CME)
Source: MedPage Today State Required CME - July 24, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Comparison of lavage and swabs for the collection of genital ulcer specimens to measure HIV RNA sheddingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Ulcer lavage and ulcer swab performed in moderate agreement in the detection and quantitation of HIV RNA from ulcer specimens. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - July 23, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: Gabriela Paz-Bailey, Maya Sternberg, David A. Lewis, Ewaldé Cutler, Mariza Vos, Ron Ballard, Adrian Puren Tags: Full length articles Source Type: journals

In vitro anti-herpetic activity of an aqueous extract from the plant Phyllanthus orbicularisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we investigated the in vitro antiviral activity of the Cuban-endemic plant Phyllanthus orbicularis H.B.K. against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) reference strains and clinical isolates with different sensitivities to acyclovir. The inhibitory activity on Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication was also investigated. The selectivity indexes (SI) found for Ph. orbicularis aqueous extract ranged from 8.7 to 37.6. Studies on the antiviral mechanisms involved revealed that the drug acted at early stages of herpesvirus replication, possibly by producing a virucidal effect, although further inhib...
Source: Phytomedicine - July 23, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ángel L. A.L. Álvarez, Gloria del Barrio, Vivian Kourí, Pedro A. Martínez, Belén B. Suárez, Francisco Parra Tags: Original Papers Source Type: journals