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Action on Addiction takes action to disarm addiction to see that people are free from addiction and its effects. Their approach to this mission is multi-dimensional and covers everything from prevention to recovery.

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[Spice drugs: cannabinoids as a new designer drugs.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Some smokable herbal mixtures under the brand name Spice drugs have been sold on the Internet and in specialised shops (smart shops) since 2004. The mixtures are advertised as an exotic incense blend which releases a rich aroma and not for human consumption. When smoked, Spice drugs products have been reported by products have been reported by some users to have effects similar to those of cannabis. Spice drugs have received intensive attention in drug forums due to the possibility to obtain a non legal substitute of cannabis. Forensic analyses have found different potent synthetic cannabinoid agonists in some Spice dr...
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Mustata C, Torrens M, Pardo R, Pérez C, Group TP, Farré M Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Empirical study of the Planned Behavior Theory variables as risk factors for cocaine use in three different groups.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study highlights the importance of attitudes and subjective norm in the explanation of current cocaine use, but especially the function of perceived behavioral control as a risk factor that should be taken into account in the design of preventive strategies. PMID: 19718489 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Saiz Galdós J Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Reliability and validity of the Spanish adaptation of the brief form of the Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Now (CCQ-N-10).]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The Spanish adaptation of the CCQ-N-10 shows metric adequacy, and can be considered as a suitable assessment instrument in relation to cocaineuse disorders. PMID: 19718490 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Iraurgi Castillo I, Trujols Albet J, Jiménez-Lerma M, Landabaso M Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Alcoholism prevention and alcohol advertising investment in Spain: David versus Goliath.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Alcohol advertising expenditure remains high in Spain, with young people as a primary target. In contrast, there is only modest investment in preventive advertising. Regulatory measures are necessary with a view to protecting populations especially susceptible to uncontrolled consumption. PMID: 19718491 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Montes-Santiago J, Lado Castro-Rial M Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Attitudinal changes and reduction of alcohol use in adolescents following a psychosocial intervention program.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Experimentation with alcohol constitutes a problem on the increase among young people in recent years, and mean age at first consumption has fallen. The goal of the present work was to carry out an exploratory study of attitudes toward alcohol use in terms of three dimensions (cognitive, affective and behavioural) in a sample of 755 secondary school pupils from the Principality of Asturias (Spain). Subsequently, we selected a sample of 141 adolescents described as at risk in view of their more permissive attitudes in relation to their lower age level (mean= 14.24 years), with the aim of applying a socio-educational pre...
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Moral Jiménez Mde L, Rodríguez Díaz FJ, Ovejero Bernal A, Sirvent Ruiz C Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Psychometric analysis of the Spanish version of the Brief Sexual Function Inventory (BSFI) in a male drug abuse sample.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is well known that there is a lack of psychometric studies testing sexual function in drug-dependent population. Thus, the main objective of this work was to carry out the first psychometric analysis of the Brief Sexual Functioning Inventory (BSFI) in a sample of drug users (N = 104). Participants filled out the BSFI, Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) and Addictive Behavior Questionnaire (ABQ). The BSFI shows a five-factor structure similar to the original (Sexual drive, α = .75; Satisfaction, α = .63; Erectile function, α = .70; Ejaculatory function, α = .74; ...
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Vallejo-Medina P, Guillén-Riquelme A, Sierra JC Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Aggregate level beverage specific effect of alcohol sale on myocardial infarction mortality rate.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: the results of the present study suggest a positive relation between vodka sale and myocardial infarction mortality rate at aggregate level and support the hypothesis that binge drinking of strong spirits is a risk factor of myocardial infarction at the individual level. Thus, from a public policy point of view, the outcome of this study suggests that cardiovascularrelated mortality prevention programs should put more focus on addressing alcohol consumption structure. PMID: 19718494 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Razvodovsky YE Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Use of stimulants and drugs of abuse in sport: the Italian experience.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study presents the data obtained in tests carried out in the period 2003- 2007 at the Antidoping Laboratory of Rome, on 44781 samples analysed. The methods used are those developed by the Laboratory for routine antidoping analyses. The percentage of positive test results ranges from 1.1 to 2%, with a high incidence of stimulants and drugs of abuse. The substance most frequently found is THC metabolite, which accounts for 0.2-0.4% of the total, followed by cocaine metabolites, accounting for 0.1%. Other stimulants found are ephedrines, carphedon, modafinil, and anorexic compounds such as phendimetrazine and norfenflura...
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Strano Rossi S, Abate MG, Braganò MC, Botrè F Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Resistance to peer and partner pressure and tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Based on these results, the aim is to develop an addiction prevention program for public high school pupils in Mexico City. PMID: 19718496 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 2, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Andrade Palos P, Pérez de la Barrera C, Alfaro Martínez LB, Sánchez Oviedo ME, López Montes de Oca A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[How bad is accelerated senescence in consumers of drugs of abuse?]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aging or senescence process that follows maturation is characterized by time-related functional decline due to genetic, biochemical, physiological and anatomical degeneration in tissues and organ systems with time. Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the heart and brain is inversely related to maximum life span of mammals, suggesting that accumulation of mtDNA damage is involved in the various disorders associated with aging, cancer and neurodegeneration. The suppression of stem/progenitor cell proliferation also contributes to the aging process, by reducing tissue regeneration and repair and ultimatel...
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Carvalho F Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Influence of personality disorders and consumption patterns on the efficacy of a relapse-prevention program for the treatment of alcoholism.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study is to analyze to efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral treatment program, in individual and group format, for people with alcohol problems, and to determine the role of some personality variables in the process of therapeutic recovery. The sample was made up of 80 patients diagnosed as alcoholics, 83.8 % of whom were men (n = 67) and 16.3 % were women (n = 13). Mean age was 42.73 years, with a standard deviation of 9.63 years. Basically, we found a high incidence of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and consumption patterns that change as a function of the presence or absence of personali...
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Martínez-González JM, Graña Gómez JL, Trujillo Mendoza HM Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Impact of a training in brief intervention. Differences in the hospital approach of tobacco and alcohol consumption.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Discussion: Before and after training, health professionals hardly intervene in patients with alcohol or tobacco consumption even we observed higher detection and assist for alcohol risk consumption. It is necessary to examine other barriers to the application of the knowledge gained. PMID: 19578728 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Ballbè M, Walther M, Mondon S, Nieva G, Gual A, Saltó E, Colom J Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Neuropsychological profile in cocaine addiction: issues about addict's social environment and predictive value of cognitive status in therapeutic outcomes.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study analyses the neuropsychological profile of a sample of cocaine addicts and compares it with a control group from the same social environment. Also, it explores the predictive power of some neuropsychological tests on treatment outcome six months after the exploration. Participants and method. We administered a neuropsychological battery to 30 patients with a diagnosis of cocaine abuse or cocaine dependence, and to 30 control participants with no history of drug abuse from the same social environment. Results. Verbal learning (p<0.001), immediate visual memory (p<0.05), attentional resources management (p&l...
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Ruiz Sánchez De León JM, Pedrero Pérez E, Llanero Luque M, Rojo Mota G, Olivar Arroyo A, Bouso Saiz JC, Puerta García C Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Christmas work dinners. A pattern of recreational use of alcohol and other drugs?]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to develop an exploratory approach to characterizing the pattern of recreational abuse of alcohol and other drugs abuse at Christmas work dinners. An adaptation of the rapid assessment methodology RARE was carried out through the combination of quantitative (rapid assessment surveys, n=444) and qualitative (observations and semistructured interviews, n=8) techniques. The fieldwork was carried out at 13 restaurants in Valencia and Alicante (Spain) in December 2007. In general we observed a marked increase in the use of alcohol and other substances compared to the rest of the year, though restau...
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Vidal-Infer A, Tomás-Dols S, Aguilar-Moya R, Samper-Gras T, Zarza M, Aguilar-Serrano J Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Benzodiazepine use in a sample of patients on a treatment program with opiate derivatives (PTDO).]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions; BZ-use data and their relationship to time spent on methadone are similar to those of other published studies. Despite the recommendation to use long half-life BZ in patients with substance abuse disorders, it is striking that in the case studied here the most widely prescribed type is alprazolam. PMID: 19578731 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Fernández Sobrino AM, Fernández Rodríguez V, López Castro J Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Relationship between physical self-concept and alcohol and tobacco use behaviours in adolescents.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study shows the relevance of the belief that smoking is associated with good body image and that sport is practiced to improve physical appearance. PMID: 19578732 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Moreno JA, Moreno R, Cervelló E Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Spanish version of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-Sp): psychometric properties in addicts and non-clinical sample.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The data suggest that the Spanish version of the DEX is a useful measure for assessing general symptoms of dysexecutive syndrome, and a valid, reliable and adequate screening test for estimating cognitive impairment associated with substance abuse. PMID: 19578733 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Pedrero Pérez EJ, Ruiz Sánchez De León JM, Rojo Mota G, Llanero Luque M, Olivar Arroyo A, Bouso Saiz JC, Puerta García C Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Concomitant lithium and methadone treatment in a bipolar patient: a case report.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dual diagnosis requires complex therapeutic approaches to adapt treatment to the dual nature of the problem. It is important to understand the drug effects and the drug interactions that may be observed during the integral treatment of these pathologies. Given the scarcity of data on the effects of lithium and methadone treatment, the aim of this clinical case report is to explain the interactions produced between methadone and lithium carbonate, in a female patient with medical multi-pathology, opioid-dependent and with comorbid bipolar disorder, who was treated with both drugs. The most common adverse effects for eac...
Source: Adicciones - July 8, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Roncero C, López-Ortiz C, Barral C, Sáez-Francàs N, Rovira M, Casas M Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Policies for the prevention of addictive substance use and the responsibility of professionals.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Professionals treating persons with addictions must work with the individual characteristics of each case. However, collective aspects shape consumption at the population level and also the personal frequency of exposure which influences the development of dependence. Among factors influencing consumption, some may be modified by regulations or public policies. Most important are those related to substance availability, social acceptability of use, promotion, price, and treatment availability. This editorial discusses actors favouring and opposing the adoption of preventive policies, the contexts in which they are disc...
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Ramón Villalbí J, Gual A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Alcohol and adolescent brain.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Binge Drinking (BD) pattern is firmly established among adolescents and young people. This pattern has raised a strong concern within the neuroscience community due to its possible impact on specific brain regions still maturing. Research with animal models demonstrates that BD may have serious structural and functional effects during these ages. Some regions like the prefrontal cortex or the hippocampus and the cognitive processes in which these structures play a role seem to be specific targets of alcohol. Results provided by the scarce studies carried out in humans support the evidence from previous animal experimen...
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Cadaveira Mahía F Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Group psychotherapy for prevention of relapses in alcoholism compared to standard outpatient follow-up.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Group Therapy for Relapse Prevention is effective, easy to apply in the outpatient context and obtains better rates of abstinence than standard outpatient treatment at the one-year follow-up. PMID: 19333520 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Calvo Estopiñán P, Pérez Poza A, Sacristán Martín P, Paricio C Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Addictive substance use among first-year university students.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: In this sample women and men have different perceptions about tobacco. Level of tolerance and permissiveness with regard to alcohol contributes to the fact that young people perceive less risk in relation smoking. Starting smoking tobacco early may make the use of alcohol and other drugs more likely. PMID: 19333521 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Jiménez-Muro Franco A, Beamonte San Agustín A, Marqueta A, Gargallo Valero P, Nerín de la Puerta I Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Personality disorder dimensions of MCMI-II in treated substance addicts.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Discussion: Results show that a wide proportion of the variance in the MCMI-II is better explained by recent changes than stable traits and their extreme combinations. As these results are obtained in substance addict population, it is suggested part of which the MCMI-II measures can be referred to changes in personality. These changes may be associated to inadequate answers to stressful environmental factors. They can be also associated to changes in brain functions due to direct or indirect influences of substances on brain locations. PMID: 19333522 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Pedrero Pérez EJ Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[The school and family risk factors in attendance at family-based programmes for the prevention of drug use.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several studies have indicated that certain aspects of schools may influence parents decision to participate in preventive interventions related to the health of their children. Objectives: 1) To study the relationship between parental rating of calls for participation sent from the school and family risk factors. 2) To study differences in parents attendance and drop-out for a family-based drug-use prevention programme according to their rating of the calls for participation sent out by the school. Sample: 339 families of children aged 12-14 from 3 state (public) secondary schools in the region of Asturias (Spain). Re...
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Al-Halabí Díaz S, Errasti Pérez JM, Fernández Hermida JR Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Substance use in adolescents: The role of stress, impulsivity, and schemas related to lack of limits.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to assess the association between stress, cognitive schemas, impulsivity, and substance use in adolescents. A sample of 657 adolescents (367 girls and 290 boys) completed measures of stressful life events, cognitive schemas of grandiosity and insufficient self-control, impulsive style of problem-solving and substance use. The results indicated that stressful life events and the cognitive schemas were significantly associated with substance use. In addition, the impulsive style of problem-solving moderated the relationship between stressors and substance use, this association being stronger amo...
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Calvete E, Estévez A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Cocaine addiction and personality disorders: a study with the MCMI-II.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper explores the personality disorders most commonly related to cocaine addiction. The samples used were 60 cocaine-addicted patients, who were assessed with the MCMI-II before treatment, and 50 normative participants from the general population with the same demographic features (age, sex and socioeconomic level). According to the results, 36.7% of the clinical sample (versus 16% of the normative sample) showed at least one personality disorder. The most prevalent disorders in the cocaine sample were Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder and Dependent Personality Disorder (10% in each case), followed by Obses...
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Lorea I, Fernández-Montalvo J, López-Goñi JJ, Landa N Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[The methodology of Data Mining. An application to alcohol consumption in teenagers.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper is aimed mainly at making researchers in the field of drug addictions aware of a methodology of data analysis aimed at knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). KDD is a process consisting of a series of phases, the most characteristic of which is called data mining (DM), whereby different modelling techniques are applied in order to detect patterns and relationships among the data. Common and differentiating factors between the most widely used DM techniques are analysed, mainly from a methodological viewpoint, and their use is exemplified using data related to alcohol consumption in teenagers and its possibl...
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Gervilla García E, Jiménez López R, Montaño Moreno JJ, Sesé Abad A, Cajal Blasco B, Palmer Pol A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Transitions in drug abuse in Colombia.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transitions in drug abuse (going from one substance to another and from one form of administration to another) has been scarcely studied in Latin America. In this project 96 people in treatment, aged 14 to 50, were interviewed in seven Colombian cities. Five kinds of transition were identified: general, cumulative, substitutive, reverse and negative, occurring at nine different points; 113 transitional patterns (combinations of two substances) were found, 23 common to men and women, 10 exclusive to women and 80 exclusive to men. Contrary to all expectations, 21 cases of heroin users appeared in this sample, mainly amon...
Source: Adicciones - April 6, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Pérez Gómez A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Personality differences between substance addicts and general population. Study of clinical cases with matched controls using Cloninger's TCI-R.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Data strongly suggest that observed differences are not previous, but consecutive to the addiction, it being apparent that the effects of the substances and the psychosocial conditions associated with their consumption are what exacerbates or blocks development of the traits. Findings are related to studies linking these variables with neuropsychological functions, and the inclusion of this neuropsychological perspective is strongly proposed for application to the assessment and treatment of addictive disorders. PMID: 18818855 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 27, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Pedrero Perez EJ, Rojo Mota G Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

Recent developments in overall alcohol consumption and high risk drinking: a case for effective population level interventions in Canada.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There is growing evidence of extensive damage from alcohol to chronic disease, trauma, social problems and high economic costs. In a number of countries there has been an increase in consumption and/or high risk drinking in recent years. However, it appears that in many context alcohol management is not yet of high priority. Canada has experienced several developments in recent years: a gradual increase in overall consumption, an increase in high risk drinking, more extensive marketing and promotion of alcoholic beverages, and easier access to alcohol. Survey data for Canada, and for Ontario, the most populous province...
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Giesbrecht N Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

Is alcohol really good for health?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several observational follow-up studies about cardiovascular health have found an overlap between moderate drinking and lower mortality from coronary heart disease and other causes. However, such studies have serious methodological limitations. Most non-drinkers were in fact ex-drinkers, that is, people who had had to stop drinking for health reasons. Other variables that may play a decisive role in cardiovascular risk, such as tobacco smoking, exercise and body mass index, were not evaluated, and changes in drinking habits were not assessed periodically. Due to the methodological limitations of these studies, the find...
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Guardia Serecigni J Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Alcoholic and cocaine-dependent women: a comparative study from a qualitative perspective]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Drug abuse has specific social repercussions that should be taken into account in the establishment of appropriate help mechanisms. PMID: 18813770 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Gómez Moya J, Valderrama-Zurián JC, Girva Caramés T, Tortajada Navarro S, Guillot Mosterin J Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[High-dose methadone detoxification in a hospital unit. Clinical experience]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The increase in opiate addicts in treatment with methadone, coupled with improved survival of HIV patients, has meant an increase in the demand for detoxification from this substance in our environment. It is common practice in hospital detoxification units to request a maximum dose of methadone (around 40 mg) on beginning detoxification treatment. However this is not always possible, due to the time needed for a gradual decrease for outpatients making daily visits to the methadone dispensing centres, due to the appearance of withdrawal symptoms, or because the patient starts out from very high doses of methadone. Repo...
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Ochoa E, Salvador E, Madoz-Gúrpide A, Lázaro M Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Efficacy of oxcarbazepine treatment in patients diagnosed with cocaine abuse/dependence]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Oxcarbazepine is effective in reducing impulsivity and craving in relation to cocaine. Thus, we recommend high initial doses of oxcarbazepine in patients with high impulsivity prior to treatment. PMID: 18813772 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Llopis Llácer JJ, Castillo Aguilella A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Prefrontal activity and weekend alcoholism in the young]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that intermittent alcohol binge drinking, either heavy or moderate, in young people results in poorer performance in neuropsychological tasks such as Digits, Corsi or Stroop, which depend on correct PC functioning. Our results support the claim that the binge pattern of exposure to ethanol leads to neurocognitive and neurobehavioural impairment equivalent, in many respects, to that found in chronic drinkers. Moreover, intermittent heavy alcohol drinking in adolescence and early adulthood increases the risks of lifetime alcohol dependence and other psychopathologies. PMID: 18813773 [Pu...
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: García-Moreno LM, Expósito J, Sanhueza C, Angulo MT Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Injection Drug User Quality of Life scale (IDUQoL): psychometric assessment of the Spanish version]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The findings from this study provide evidence to support the use of the IDUQoL as a specific quality of life instrument in the addictive disorders context, and confirm its appropriate characteristics in the Spanish adaptation. PMID: 18813774 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Iraurgi Castillo I Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Preliminary study on detox in outpatient care units with 18 alcoholic patients in Directly Observed Treatment.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this work is to check whether a UCA-CAB (Centre for Addictive Behaviour) can achieve detox and reduce the risk of early relapse (up to 12 weeks) in alcoholic patients. All patients had an established organic addiction and serious withdrawal syndrome, and had undergone multiple previous treatments. Furthermore, they had not managed to abstain for a 3-month consecutive period over the previous 2 years. The aim of the Directly Observed Treatment was to attain detox and reduce relapse by following a multi-method approach: medical, psychological and personal care, based on a brief daily consultation and pharmac...
Source: Adicciones - September 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Lloréns Martínez R, Calatayud Francés M, Morales Gallús E, Añó Cervera C, Adriá Caballero L Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[The genetics of addictions]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The addictions are common chronic psychiatric diseases which represent a serious worldwide public-health problem. They have a high prevalence and negative effects at individual, family and societal level, with a high sanitary cost. Epidemiological genetic research has revealed that addictions are moderately to highly heritable. Also the investigation has evidenced that environmental and genetic factors contribute to individual differences in vulnerability to addictions. Advances in the neurobiology of addiction joined to the development of new molecular genetic technologies, have led to the identification of a variety ...
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Ibañez Cuadrado A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Immunotherapies for drug addictions]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Immunotherapies in the form of vaccines (active immunization) or monoclonal antibodies (passive immunization) appear safe and a promising treatment approaches for some substance-related disorders. The mechanism of action of the antibody therapy is by preventing the rapid entry of drugs of abuse into the central nervous system. In theory, immunotherapies could have several clinical applications. Monoclonal antibodies may be useful to treat drug overdoses and prevent the neurotoxic effects of drugs by blocking the access of drugs to the brain. Vaccines may help to prevent the development of addiction, initiate drug absti...
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Montoya I Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Changes in emotional response to visual stimuli with sexual content in drug abusers]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a phenomenon as complex as drug dependence there is no doubt that affective and emotional aspects are involved. However, there has been little research to date on these emotional aspects, especially in specific relation to everyday affective stimuli, unrelated to drug use. In this work we investigate whether the consumption of narcotic substances causes changes in the emotional response to powerful unconditional natural stimuli, such as those of a sexual nature. To this end, I.A.P.S. images with explicit erotic content were shown to 84 drug-dependent males, in separate groups according to preferred substance. These ...
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Aguilar de Arcos F, Verdejo Garcia A, Lopez Jimenez A, Montañez Pareja M, Gomez Juarez E, Arraez Sanchez F, Perez Garcia M Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Evaluation of a training programme for health professionals on smoking cessation in hospitalized]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to examine other barriers to the application of the knowledge gained. PMID: 18551225 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Ballbè M, Mondon S, Nieva G, Walther M, Salto E, Gual A Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Use and abuse of the Internet in university students]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
AIM: To adapt a questionnaire for assessing the use and abuse of Internet, as well as the relationship between this resource and psychosocial profile in a group of university students. METHOD: 391 students filled out the questionnaires; 26.1% were men and 73.9% were women, with a mean age of 19.59 years (DT = +/- 2.83; Range: 18-47 years). We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, Social skills questionnaire (Caballo, 1993, EMES-C and EMES-M), Personality questionnaire (E.P.I., Eysenck and Eysenck, 1982), and an Internet and Use and Abuse of Internet questionnaire (adapted from Bruner, 1997, Suler, 1996 and Young, 1996...
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Garcia Del Castillo JA, Terol Mdel C, Nieto M, Lledo A, Sanchez S, Martin-Aragon M, Sitges E Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Personality profile in alcoholic inpatients by TCI questionnaire. Differences between abusers and non abusers of benzodiazepines and between patients with personality disorders and patients without]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: BZD-abusing patients are less mature and self-sufficient, more impressionable, insecure, and have a high tendency to avoid risk. Patients with PD are more impulsive and less cooperative. The characteristics found with TCI are coherent with the difficulties of these patients during treatment and with clinical impressions. These problematic areas should become therapeutic targets to be modified through treatment. For all of these reasons the TCI emerges as a useful instrument for understanding, assessing and identifying alcoholic patients and their treatment needs. PMID: 18551227 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Monras M, Mondon S, Jou J Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Respondent-Driven Sampling: a new sampling method to study visible and hidden populations]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The paper introduces a variant of chain-referral sampling: respondent-driven sampling (RDS). This sampling method shows that methods based on network analysis can be combined with the statistical validity of standard probability sampling methods. In this sense, RDS appears to be a mathematical improvement of snowball sampling oriented to the study of hidden populations. However, we try to prove its validity with populations that are not within a sampling frame but can nonetheless be contacted without difficulty. The basics of RDS are explained through our research on young people (aged 14 to 25) who go clubbing, consum...
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Mantecón A, Juan M, Calafat A, Becoña E, Román E Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Cannabinoid system and feeding regulation]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present a review of current knowledge in this field and data from our own studies: genetic studies of this system in eating disorders and in obesity and studies of localization of cannabinoid receptors at sites related to feeding. These studies support a state of cannabinoid hyperactivity in obesity; furthermore, such hyperactivity can constitute a prognostic factor. PMID: 18551230 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones)
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Arias Horcajadas F Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Psychological counselling and motivational psychotherapy in the treatment of drug dependence: assessment of interventions with the CEDRO Lugar de Escucha Program]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the present research is to assess perception of and levels of satisfaction with the Lugar de Escucha program, as well as its brief interventions using counseling and motivational sessions. The study is of a pre-experimental type, with a single-group pretest-posttest measurement design. The sample was made up of 128 participants (9.4% females and 90.6% males), aged 15 to 51 (mean= 23.65; standard deviation = 7.92), users of cannabis, cocaine base paste, cocaine, inhalants and alcohol who attended the program. Data collection was carried out using Attention Forms (FdA); the University of Rhode Island Change ...
Source: Adicciones - July 26, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Rojas Valero M, Espinoza Paul L Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

Harm-reduction for unwanted pregnancies and unwanted addictions: an instructive analogy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Addiction treatment aims to reduce the harm that addiction causes to individuals and society. However, many clinics, especially in the private sector, have ideological objections to using medico-pharmacological treatments and are often critical of other services that do offer pharmacological treatments. This situation contrasts sharply with the attitude of family planning (FP) clinics, even though they too aim to reduce harm. Ironically, the most anti-pharmacological clinics are often those which proclaim most loudly that addiction is a 'disease', while avoiding unwanted pregnancy, which is not usually seen as a diseas...
Source: Adicciones - July 1, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Brewer C Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Damage connected with cocaine consumption: all we see is the tip of the iceberg]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
According to the European Drug and Drug Addiction Observatory, after Cannabis, Cocaine is the most widely used illegal drug in Europe. Awareness of the damage caused by consuming this substance is clear in some areas, while in others it may be ignored, underestimated or poorly dimensioned. The information systems that do exist almost certainly underestimate the number of deaths connected with cocaine. Apart from the potential the drug has to cause direct damage to different organs of the body, its consumption can lead to serious problems arising from other circumstances that are not always connected with this drug, inc...
Source: Adicciones - July 1, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Gómez CP, Barrera AB Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Emergent dimensions for the construction of an opiate substitute treatment perception scale]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The measurement of perception and satisfaction with opiate substitute treatment programmes has concentrated mainly on evaluating the properties of the service offered at treatment centres. Beyond the health-care context, these programmes need to become part of the patient's personal and social life for them to be followed. The purpose of this work is to offer a theoretical frame of reference for the construction of a scale for integral measurement of patient perception of opiate substitute treatments. A sample of 18 outpatient and residential patients in a buprenorphine pilot study, transferred from a methadone treatme...
Source: Adicciones - July 1, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: Lozano Rojas OM, Acedos Bilbao I, González Saiz F, Ballesta Gómez R Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals

[Emotional response to affective stimuli in subjects addicted to opiates engaged in controlled use as part of the P.E.P.S.A]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The main objective of this study was to analyze emotional response to a set of everyday emotional visual stimuli unrelated to drug use. Two groups of prescribed opiate drug abusers (heroin+methadone vs. methadone-only groups) currently participating in the Andalusian Experimental Prescribed Drug Program (Programa Experimental de Prescripcion de Estupefacientes de Andalucia, PEPSA) were studied, and comparisons made between them, within them for different phases, and between them and a normative group of nonusers. For this purpose we used the I.C.E.R.E., an instrument based on the I.A.P.S. (International Affective Pictu...
Source: Adicciones - July 1, 2008 Category: Addiction Authors: de Arcos FA, Verdejo García A, López Jiménez A, Montañez Pareja M, Gómez Juárez E, Arráez Sánchez F, Pérez García M Tags: Adicciones Source Type: journals