Combined Inositol Hexakisphosphate and Inositol Supplement Consumption Improves Serum Alpha-Amylase Activity and Hematological Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats.
This study evaluated the effect of combined inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) and inositol supplement on organ weight, intestinal ATPase activities, complete blood count, and serum analytes in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. High-fat diet and a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg body weight) were used to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sprague-Dawley rats. The diabetic groups were then treated with either combined IP6 and inositol supplement or glibenclamide for four weeks. Organ weights, intestinal ATPase activities, complete blood count, serum α-amylase, total protein, alb...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - November 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Baillonella toxisperma Stem Bark on Dexamethasone-Induced Insulin Resistance in Rats.
Authors: Wego MT, Poualeu Kamani SL, Miaffo D, Nchouwet ML, Kamanyi A, Wansi Ngnokam SL Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of Baillonella toxisperma stem bark on dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in rats. A quantitative phytochemical study was done on the aqueous extract of Baillonella toxisperma for the total phenol, flavonoid, and flavonol determination. Insulin resistance was induced by intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) for 8 days, one hour before oral administration of different treatments (extract at doses of 60, 120, and 240...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - September 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Effect of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements as an Adjuvant Therapy to Metformin on Menstrual Cycle Abnormalities, Hormonal Profile, and IGF-1 System in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
Conclusions: Calcium and vitamin D supplements can support metformin effect on regulation of menstrual cycle irregularity in vitamin D-deficient/insufficient PCOS patients, but this effect is not associated with any significant changes in gonadotropins or IGF-1 system. These results suggest a possible role of calcium and vitamin D supplements in managing PCOS. However, further studies are needed to identify the underlying mechanisms. The Clinical Trial Registration Number is NCT03792984. PMID: 31354810 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - July 30, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Evaluation of Anti-HIV-1 Integrase and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Compounds from Betula alnoides Buch-Ham.
Authors: Chaniad P, Sudsai T, Septama AW, Chukaew A, Tewtrakul S Abstract Betula alnoides is a medicinal plant in Thai traditional longevity preparations. The crude extracts of this plant possess various biological activities. However, the isolated compounds from this plant have no reports of anti-HIV-1 integrase (IN) activity. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the anti-HIV-1 integrase and anti-inflammatory effects of isolated compounds from this plant and predict the interaction of compounds with integrase active sites. From the bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of B. aln...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - July 7, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Nature-Inspired Drugs: Expanding Horizons of Contemporary Therapeutics.
Authors: Rasul A, Hussain G, Selamoglu Z, López-Alberca MP PMID: 31191650 [PubMed] (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - June 14, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Synthesis of an Activatable Tetra-Substituted Nickel Phthalocyanines-4(3H)-quinazolinone Conjugate and Its Antibacterial Activity.
Authors: Elsharif AM, Youssef TE, Al-Jameel SS, Mohamed HH, Ansari MA, Rehman S, Akhtar S Abstract The aim of this study was to synthesize a series of nickel(II)phthalocyanines (NiPcs) bearing four 4(3H)-quinazolinone ring system units, (qz)4NiPcs 4a-d. The electronic factors in the 4(3H)-quinazolinone moiety that attached to the NiPc skeleton had a magnificent effect on the antibacterial activity of the newly synthesized (qz)4NiPcs 4a-d against Escherichia coli. The minimum MICs and MBCs value were recorded for compounds 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d, respectively. The results indicated that the studied (qz)4NiPcs 4...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - June 2, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

GRP78/BIP/HSPA5 as a Therapeutic Target in Models of Parkinson's Disease: A Mini Review.
Authors: Enogieru AB, Omoruyi SI, Hiss DC, Ekpo OE Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by selective loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the midbrain. Reports from postmortem studies in the human PD brain, and experimental PD models reveal that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. In times of stress, the unfolded or misfolded proteins overload the folding capacity of the ER to induce a condition generally known as ER stress. During ER stress, cells activate the unfolded protein response (UP...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - April 7, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Novelty of Bioengineered Iron Nanoparticles in Nanocoated Surgical Cotton: A Green Chemistry.
Authors: Turakhia B, Chikkala S, Shah S Abstract The current focus of nanotechnology is to develop environmentally safe methodologies for the formulation of nanoparticles. The phytochemistry of Zingiber officinale inspired us to utilize it for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles. GC-MS analysis revealed the phytochemical profile of ginger. Out of 20 different chemicals, gingerol was found to be the most potent phytochemical with a retention time of 40.48 min. The present study reports a rapid synthesis method for the formation of iron nanoparticles and its potential efficacy as an antibacterial agent and...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 29, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Gnidia glauca- and Plumbago zeylanica-Mediated Synthesis of Novel Copper Nanoparticles as Promising Antidiabetic Agents.
Authors: Jamdade DA, Rajpali D, Joshi KA, Kitture R, Kulkarni AS, Shinde VS, Bellare J, Babiya KR, Ghosh S Abstract Rapid, eco-friendly, and cost-effective one-pot synthesis of copper nanoparticles is reported here using medicinal plants like Gnidia glauca and Plumbago zeylanica. Aqueous extracts of flower, leaf, and stem of G. glauca and leaves of P. zeylanica were prepared which could effectively reduce Cu2+ ions to CuNPs within 5 h at 100°C which were further characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, ene...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Analysis of In Vitro Osteoblast Culture on Scaffolds for Future Bone Regeneration Purposes in Dentistry.
Authors: Gutiérrez-Prieto SJ, Perdomo-Lara SJ, Diaz-Peraza JM, Sequeda-Castañeda LG Abstract One of the main focuses of tissue engineering is to search for tridimensional scaffold materials, complying with nature's properties for tissue regeneration. Determining material biocompatibility is a fundamental step in considering its use. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze osteoblast cell adhesion and viability on different materials to determine which was more compatible for future bone regeneration. Tridimensional structures were fabricated with hydroxyapatite, collagen, and porous silica. T...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 19, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Antibacterial Activity of Coumarins and Carbazole Alkaloid from Roots of Clausena anisata.
Authors: Tamene D, Endale M Abstract Clausena anisata is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of parasitic infections, irritation (boils, ringworm, and eczema), flatworm infestations, influenza, abdominal cramps, and constipation. Phytochemical screening test of dichloromethane/methanol (1 : 1) roots extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, phytosterols, coumarins, phenols, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, and free reducing sugars and the absence of saponins. Silica gel column chromatographic separation of the dichloromethane/methanol (1 : 1) extract afforded a carbazole ...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Allergic Airway-Induced Hypersensitivity Is Attenuated by Bergapten in Murine Models of Inflammation.
Authors: Aidoo DB, Obiri DD, Osafo N, Antwi AO, Essel LB, Duduyemi BM, Ekor M Abstract Bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen, 5-MOP) is a plant-derived furocoumarin with demonstrated anti-inflammatory action. The present study investigated its effects on allergic inflammation in two related pathways of mast cell degranulation. Compound 48/80 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to activate the IgE-independent pathway while bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as allergen for the IgE-dependent pathway. The modulatory effect of bergapten on mast cell degranulation, neutrophil extravasation, protein concentration, lu...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Effect of "DXB-2030," a Polyherbal Formulation, on Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Associated with Hyperandrogenism.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate "DXB-2030," a polyherbal combination of Trigonella foenum-graecum, Aloe vera, Sphaeranthus indicus, Nardostachys jatamansi, and Symplocos racemosa extracts in an experimental model of testosterone propionate (TP), induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in female rats. Thirty animals were divided into 3 groups of 10 each; group 1 served as normal control; group 2 was administered with TP and served as positive control; along with TP, group 3 was treated with "DXB-2030" at a dose of 100 mg/kg p.o., for 60 days. At the end of the study period, the animals were subjected f...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Role of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in Cancer Prevention and Cancer Promotion.
Authors: Wong RSY Abstract The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed by medical practitioners in many clinical conditions for the symptomatic treatment of pain and fever. Due to their anti-inflammatory properties, these drugs have been investigated for their anticancer effects in numerous studies. This is because chronic inflammation has long been linked to carcinogenesis. As such, anti-inflammatory drugs are believed to play a role in cancer treatment and prevention. In the past few decades, research has shown that NSAIDs may decrease the risk of certain types of cancer. Ho...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Disease-Modifying Effects of Long-Term and Continuous Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in Spondyloarthritis.
Authors: Wong RSY Abstract Spondyloarthritis or spondyloarthropathy (SpA) is a group of related rheumatic disorders, which presents with axial and nonaxial features, affecting structures within the musculoskeletal system, as well as other bodily systems. Both pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapeutic options are available for SpA. For decades, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been used as the first-line drugs to treat the disease. Research has shown that other than pain relief, NSAIDs have disease-modifying effects in SpA. However, to achieve these effects, continuous and/or long...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - March 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research