American Journal of Epidemiology
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Re: "good semen quality and life expectancy: a cohort study of 43,277 men"
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: CORRECTION Source Type: journals
International Ethical Guidelines for Epidemiological Studies: By the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS)Email this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Rose, S. Tags: BOOK-REVIEW Source Type: journals
A Dictionary of Epidemiology, Fifth Edition: Edited by Miquel PortaEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Samet, J. M., Wipfli, H., Platz, E. A., Bhavsar, N. Tags: BOOK-REVIEW Source Type: journals
"Proportion Explained": A Causal Interpretation for Standard Measures of Indirect Effect?Email this article to a colleague.
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The assessment of indirect effects is an important tool for epidemiologists interested in exploring the mechanisms of exposure-disease relations. A standard way of expressing an indirect effect is in terms of the "proportion explained"; this is the proportion of the total effect that is explained by a particular mediator (or set of mediators). There are several ways to calculate the proportion explained, based on both additive and multiplicative models. However, these standard methods (particularly those based on multiplicative models) have been criticized for lacking a causal interpretation. To address this issue, the aut...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hafeman, D. M. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Newly Reported Respiratory Symptoms and Conditions Among Military Personnel Deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan: A Prospective Population-based StudyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Concerns about respiratory conditions have surfaced among persons deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. Data on 46,077 Millennium Cohort Study participants who completed baseline (July 2001–June 2003) and follow-up (June 2004–February 2006) questionnaires were used to investigate 1) respiratory symptoms (persistent or recurring cough or shortness of breath), 2) chronic bronchitis or emphysema, and 3) asthma. Deployers had a higher rate of newly reported respiratory symptoms than nondeployers (14% vs. 10%), while similar rates of chronic bronchitis or emphysema (1% vs. 1%) and asthma (1% vs. 1%) were observed. Deplo...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Smith, B., Wong, C. A., Smith, T. C., Boyko, E. J., Gackstetter, G. D., Margaret A. K. Ryan for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Mammographic Screening and Risk Factors for Breast CancerEmail this article to a colleague.
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Screening mammography can distort estimated effects in breast cancer risk models due to associations with other risk factors. Mammography information was available in the Nurses’ Health Study from 1988, and 1,815 incident breast cancers were accrued through 2000 among 55,625 women with risk factor data. Logistic models were fit for screening mammography, and inverse probability weighting was used to adjust parameters in an established breast cancer risk model. Approximately 80% of women in each 2-year follow-up period had screening mammograms, which were positively associated with history of benign breast disease, fa...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Cook, N. R., Rosner, B. A., Hankinson, S. E., Colditz, G. A. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Apolipoprotein E Genotype, Plasma Cholesterol, and Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization StudyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Observational studies have shown an association between low plasma cholesterol levels and increased risk of cancer, whereas most randomized clinical trials involving cholesterol-lowering medications have not shown this association. Between 1997 and 2002, the authors assessed the association between plasma cholesterol levels and cancer risk, free from confounding and reverse causality, in a Mendelian randomization study using apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype. ApoE genotype, plasma cholesterol levels, and cancer incidence and mortality were measured during a 3-year follow-up period among 2,913 participants in the Prospective...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Trompet, S., Jukema, J. W., Katan, M. B., Blauw, G. J., Sattar, N., Buckley, B., Caslake, M., Ford, I., Shepherd, J., Westendorp, R. G. J., de Craen, A. J. M. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Use of Fertility Drugs and Risk of Uterine Cancer: Results From a Large Danish Population-based Cohort StudyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Some epidemiologic studies have indicated that uterine cancer risk may be increased after use of fertility drugs. To further assess this association, the authors used data from a large cohort of 54,362 women diagnosed with infertility who were referred to Danish fertility clinics between 1965 and 1998. In a case-cohort study, rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the effects of 4 groups of fertility drugs on overall risk of uterine cancer after adjustment for potentially confounding factors. Through mid-2006, 83 uterine cancers were identified. Ever use of any fertility drug was not associated with u...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jensen, A., Sharif, H., Kjaer, S. K. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Estimation of the Contribution of Non-Assisted Reproductive Technology Ovulation Stimulation Fertility Treatments to US Singleton and Multiple BirthsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Infertility treatments that include ovulation stimulation, both assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and non-ART ovulation stimulation, are associated with increased risks of multiple birth and concomitant sequelae and adverse outcomes, even among singletons. While a US surveillance system for ART-induced births is ongoing, no population-based tracking system exists for births resulting from non-ART treatments. The authors developed a multistage model to estimate the uncertain proportion of US infants born in 2005 who were conceived by using non-ART ovulation treatments. Using published surveillance data, they estimat...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Schieve, L. A., Devine, O., Boyle, C. A., Petrini, J. R., Warner, L. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Timing and Trajectories of Fetal Growth Related to Cognitive Development in ChildhoodEmail this article to a colleague.
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The authors investigated timing and trajectories of fetal growth in relation to childhood development in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development–Scandinavian Study of Successive Small-for-Gestational Age Births (1986–1988) (n = 1,059). Fetal size was assessed by ultrasound at 17, 25, and 33 gestational weeks and at birth. Bayley Scales of Infant Development and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised tests were conducted at ages 1 and 5 years, respectively, producing mental and psychomotor development indexes and verbal and performance intelligence quotients. Relati...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: von Ehrenstein, O. S., Mikolajczyk, R. T., Zhang, J. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Svensson et al. Respond to "Maternal Genes and Environment in Preterm Birth"Email this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Svensson, A. C., Sandin, S., Cnattingius, S., Reilly, M., Pawitan, Y., Hultman, C. M., Lichtenstein, P. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Invited Commentary: Maternal Effects in Preterm Birth--Effects of Maternal Genotype, Mitochondrial DNA, Imprinting, or Environment?Email this article to a colleague.
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Preterm birth is an important public health problem. A wide range of risk factors has been investigated, of which the strongest established is a woman's previous history of preterm birth. In this issue of the Journal, Boyd et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2009;170(11):1358–1364) and Svensson et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2009;170(11):1365–1372), using data on singleton livebirths from national birth registers linked with multigeneration databases, found evidence that maternal genetic factors impact on the risk for preterm birth, whereas paternal and probably fetal genetic factors do not. Possible caveats include missing infor...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Little, J. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
The Genetics of Preterm Birth: Using What We Know to Design Better Association StudiesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Women delivering preterm are at greatly increased risk of another preterm birth in subsequent pregnancies, reflecting effects of the environment, genetics, or both. Recent literature tells an increasingly coherent story about genetic susceptibility. Women who change partners after delivering preterm retain their elevated risk, whereas fathers who change partners do not. Women who themselves were preterm are at increased risk, an association not seen in fathers. Women with a half-sister who delivered preterm are at increased risk only if the shared parent was the mother. Concordance for preterm delivery is elevated in monoz...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Weinberg, C. R., Shi, M. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Maternal Effects for Preterm Birth: A Genetic Epidemiologic Study of 630,000 FamiliesEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study was undertaken to disentangle the maternal genetic from the fetal genetic effects for preterm birth and to study the possibility of these effects being explained by known risk factors. By cross-linking of the population-based Swedish Multigeneration and Medical Birth registers, 989,027 births between 1992 and 2004 were identified. Alternating logistic regression was applied to model the familial clustering with pairwise odds ratios (PORs), and covariates were included to evaluate if the familial aggregation was explained by exposure to shared risk factors. Generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate th...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Svensson, A. C., Sandin, S., Cnattingius, S., Reilly, M., Pawitan, Y., Hultman, C. M., Lichtenstein, P. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Maternal Contributions to Preterm DeliveryEmail this article to a colleague.
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Preterm delivery (PTD) is a complex trait with a significant familial component. However, no specific inheritance patterns have been established. The authors examined the contribution of PTDs in both the woman's family and her partner's family to her risk of PTD. The authors linked birth information from Danish national registers with pedigree information from the Danish Family Relations Database for 1,107,124 live singleton deliveries occurring from 1978 to 2004. Risk ratios were estimated comparing women with and without various PTD histories. Women with previous PTDs were at greatly increased risk of recurrent PTD (risk...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Boyd, H. A., Poulsen, G., Wohlfahrt, J., Murray, J. C., Feenstra, B., Melbye, M. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Association Between the Ubiquitin Carboxyl-Terminal Esterase L1 Gene (UCHL1) S18Y Variant and Parkinson's Disease: A HuGE Review and Meta-AnalysisEmail this article to a colleague.
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The ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 gene, UCHL1, located on chromosome 4p14, has been studied as a potential candidate gene for Parkinson's disease risk. The authors conducted a Human Genome Epidemiology review and meta-analysis of published case-control studies of the UCHL1 S18Y variant and Parkinson's disease in Asian and Caucasian samples. The meta-analysis of studies in populations of Asian ancestry showed a statistically significant association between the Y allele and reduced risk of Parkinson's disease under a recessive model (odds ratio (OR) for YY vs. SY + SS = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67, 0.9...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Ragland, M., Hutter, C., Zabetian, C., Edwards, K. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
The Quality of Meta-Analyses of Genetic Association Studies: A Review With RecommendationsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Although there has been a rapid rise in the publication of meta-analyses of genetic association studies, little is known about their methodological quality. The authors reviewed the quality of 120 randomly selected genetic meta-analyses published between 2005 and 2007. Data extracted included issues of general relevance and other issues specific to genetic epidemiology. Quality was markedly poorer in the 26% of the meta-analyses that accompanied a report on a primary study. Such meta-analyses were predominantly published in specialist journals, and their quality was positively associated with the impact factor of the journ...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Minelli, C., Thompson, J. R., Abrams, K. R., Thakkinstian, A., Attia, J. Tags: REVIEW-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Prediction of Incident Stroke Events Based on Retinal Vessel Caliber: A Systematic Review and Individual-Participant Meta-AnalysisEmail this article to a colleague.
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The caliber of the retinal vessels has been shown to be associated with stroke events. However, the consistency and magnitude of association, and the changes in predicted risk independent of traditional risk factors, are unclear. To determine the association between retinal vessel caliber and the risk of stroke events, the investigators combined individual data from 20,798 people, who were free of stroke at baseline, in 6 cohort studies identified from a search of the Medline (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland) and EMBASE (Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, the Netherlands) databases. During follow-up of 5–12 y...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: McGeechan, K., Liew, G., Macaskill, P., Irwig, L., Klein, R., Klein, B. E. K., Wang, J. J., Mitchell, P., Vingerling, J. R., de Jong, P. T. V. M., Witteman, J. C. M., Breteler, M. M. B., Shaw, J., Zimmet, P., Wong, T. Y. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Table of contentsEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
SubscriptionsEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Editorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Three of the Authors ReplyEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Weng, H.-Y., Messam, L. L. McV., Hertz-Picciotto, I. Tags: LETTER Source Type: journals
Re: "Methods of Covariate Selection: Directed Acyclic Graphs and the Change-in-Estimate Procedure"Email this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Nie, L. Tags: LETTER Source Type: journals
Three Authors ReplyEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Villanueva, C. M., Silverman, D. T., Kogevinas, M. Tags: LETTER Source Type: journals
Re: "Determinants of Quality of Interview and Impact on Risk Estimates in a Case-Control Study of Bladder Cancer"Email this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Eluf-Neto, J. Tags: LETTER Source Type: journals
Statistical Modeling for Biomedical Researchers: A Simple Introduction to the Analysis of Complex Data, 2nd Edition: By William D. DupontEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Azen, S. P. Tags: BOOK-REVIEW Source Type: journals
Applying Quantitative Bias Analysis to Epidemiologic Data: By Timothy L. Lash, Matthew P. Fox, and Aliza K. FinkEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Howe, C. J., Cole, S. R. Tags: BOOK-REVIEW Source Type: journals
Analyses of Injury Count Data: Some Do's and Don'tsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The analysis of injury data requires different considerations from the analysis of other types of outcomes because an individual can experience the outcome many times. When describing injury patterns using numerator-only data (e.g., proportion of upper-extremity injuries vs. lower-extremity injuries), simple comparisons of proportions are inappropriate because 1) individuals are compared with themselves and 2) multiple testing increases the potential for incorrect inference. Bootstrapping (resampling) techniques can be used to determine confidence intervals and whether the frequencies significantly differ across categories...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Shrier, I., Steele, R. J., Hanley, J., Rich, B. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Optimizing Influenza Sentinel Surveillance at the State LevelEmail this article to a colleague.
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Influenza-like illness data are collected via an Influenza Sentinel Provider Surveillance Network at the state level. Because participation is voluntary, locations of the sentinel providers may not reflect optimal geographic placement. The purpose of this study was to determine the "best" locations for sentinel providers in Iowa by using a maximal coverage model (MCM) and to compare the population coverage obtained with that of the current sentinel network. The authors used an MCM to maximize the Iowa population located within 20 miles (32.2 km) of 1–143 candidate sites and calculated the coverage provided by each ad...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Polgreen, P. M., Chen, Z., Segre, A. M., Harris, M. L., Pentella, M. A., Rushton, G. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
The Aftermath of Hip Fracture: Discharge Placement, Functional Status Change, and MortalityEmail this article to a colleague.
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The authors prospectively explored the consequences of hip fracture with regard to discharge placement, functional status, and mortality using the Survey on Assets and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD). Data from baseline (1993) AHEAD interviews and biennial follow-up interviews were linked to Medicare claims data from 1993–2005. There were 495 postbaseline hip fractures among 5,511 respondents aged ≥69 years. Mean age at hip fracture was 85 years; 73% of fracture patients were white women, 45% had pertrochanteric fractures, and 55% underwent surgical pinning. Most patients (58%) were discharged to a nu...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Bentler, S. E., Liu, L., Obrizan, M., Cook, E. A., Wright, K. B., Geweke, J. F., Chrischilles, E. A., Pavlik, C. E., Wallace, R. B., Ohsfeldt, R. L., Jones, M. P., Rosenthal, G. E., Wolinsky, F. D. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Correlates of Multiple Chronic Disease Behavioral Risk Factors in Canadian Children and AdolescentsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The authors assessed individual, social, and school correlates of multiple chronic disease behavioral risk factors (physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and high body mass index) in a representative sample of Canadian youth aged 10–15 years (mean = 12.5 years) attending public schools. Cross-sectional data (n = 1,747) from cycle 4 (2000–2001) of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth were used. Ordinal regression models were constructed to investigate associations between selected covariates and multiple behavioral risk-factor levels (0/1, 2, 3, or 4/5 risk...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Alamian, A., Paradis, G. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Association of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate With Serum Lipids Among Adults Living Near a Chemical PlantEmail this article to a colleague.
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Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are compounds that do not occur in nature but have been widely used since World War II and persist indefinitely in the environment. They are present in the serum of Americans with median levels of 4 ng/mL and 21 ng/mL, respectively. PFOA has been positively associated with cholesterol in several studies of workers. A cross-sectional study of lipids and PFOA and PFOS was conducted among 46,294 community residents aged 18 years or above, who drank water contaminated with PFOA from a chemical plant in West Virginia. The mean levels of serum PFOA and PFOS in 20...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Steenland, K., Tinker, S., Frisbee, S., Ducatman, A., Vaccarino, V. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk and Dietary Patterns in the E3N-EPIC Prospective Cohort StudyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Since evidence relating diet to breast cancer risk is not sufficiently consistent to elaborate preventive proposals, the authors examined the association between dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in a large French cohort study. The analyses included 2,381 postmenopausal invasive breast cancer cases diagnosed during a median 9.7-year follow-up period (1993–2005) among 65,374 women from the E3N-EPIC cohort. Scores for dietary patterns were obtained by factor analysis, and breast cancer hazard ratios were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression for the highest quartile of dietary pattern score versus the ...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Cottet, V., Touvier, M., Fournier, A., Touillaud, M. S., Lafay, L., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Physical Activity's Impact on the Association of Fat and Fiber Intake With Survival After Breast CancerEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study examined whether, after a breast cancer diagnosis, high intake of animal fat was associated with increased breast cancer mortality and high intake of fiber was associated with decreased breast cancer mortality. Participants were 3,846 US female nurses diagnosed with stages I–III breast cancer between 1976 and 2001 and followed until death or May 2006. Breast cancer mortality was calculated according to dietary intake quintiles first assessed at least 12 months after diagnosis and was cumulatively averaged and updated. There were 446 breast cancer deaths. In simple models adjusted for time since diagnosis, ...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Holmes, M. D., Chen, W. Y., Hankinson, S. E., Willett, W. C. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Genetic Variation in the Progesterone Receptor and Metabolism Pathways and Hormone Therapy in Relation to Breast Cancer RiskEmail this article to a colleague.
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The relevance of progesterone to breast carcinogenesis is highlighted by evidence indicating that use of combined estrogen-progesterone therapy (EPT) is more strongly related to breast cancer risk than is use of unopposed estrogen therapy. However, few investigators have assessed how genetic variation in progesterone-related genes modifies the effect of EPT on risk. In an analysis combining data from 2 population-based case-control studies of postmenopausal breast cancer (1,296 cases and 1,055 controls) conducted in Washington State in 1997–1999 and 2000–2004, the authors evaluated how 51 single nucleotide poly...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Reding, K. W., Li, C. I., Weiss, N. S., Chen, C., Carlson, C. S., Duggan, D., Thummel, K. E., Daling, J. R., Malone, K. E. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Body Size, Recreational Physical Activity, and B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Risk Among Women in the California Teachers StudyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Nutritional status and physical activity are known to alter immune function, which may be relevant to lymphomagenesis. The authors examined body size measurements and recreational physical activity in relation to risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in the prospective California Teachers Study. Between 1995 and 2007, 574 women were diagnosed with incident B-cell NHL among 121,216 eligible women aged 22–84 years at cohort entry. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by fitting Cox proportional hazards models for all B-cell NHL combined and for the 3 most common subtypes...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lu, Y., Prescott, J., Sullivan-Halley, J., Henderson, K. D., Ma, H., Chang, E. T., Clarke, C. A., Horn-Ross, P. L., Ursin, G., Bernstein, L. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Genetic Variations in Xenobiotic Metabolic Pathway Genes, Personal Hair Dye Use, and Risk of Non-Hodgkin LymphomaEmail this article to a colleague.
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From 1996 to 2000, the authors conducted a population-based case-control study among Connecticut women to test the hypothesis that genetic variation in xenobiotic metabolic pathway genes modifies the relation between hair dye use and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. No effect modifications were found for women who started using hair dyes in 1980 or afterward. For women who started using hair dye before 1980 as compared with never users, a statistically significantly increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma was found for carriers of CYP2C9 Ex3-52C>T TT/CT genotypes (odds ratio (OR) = 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4, 6....
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Zhang, Y., Hughes, K. J., Zahm, S. H., Zhang, Y., Holford, T. R., Dai, L., Bai, Y., Han, X., Qin, Q., Lan, Q., Rothman, N., Zhu, Y., Leaderer, B., Zheng, T. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Meta- and Pooled Analyses of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) C677T Polymorphism and Colorectal Cancer: A HuGE-GSEC ReviewEmail this article to a colleague.
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Worldwide, over 1 million cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) were reported in 2002, with a 50% mortality rate, making CRC the second most common cancer in adults. Certain racial/ethnic populations continue to experience a disproportionate burden of CRC. A common polymorphism in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene has been associated with a lower risk of CRC. The authors performed both a meta-analysis (29 studies; 11,936 cases, 18,714 controls) and a pooled analysis (14 studies; 5,068 cases, 7,876 controls) of the C677T MTHFR polymorphism and CRC, with stratification by racial/ethnic population and behav...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Taioli, E., Garza, M. A., Ahn, Y. O., Bishop, D. T., Bost, J., Budai, B., Chen, K., Gemignani, F., Keku, T., Lima, C. S. P., Le Marchand, L., Matsuo, K., Moreno, V., Plaschke, J., Pufulete, M., Thomas, S. B., Toffoli, G., Wolf, C. R., Moore, C. G., Little Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Discovery Properties of Genome-wide Association Signals From Cumulatively Combined Data SetsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Genetic effects for common variants affecting complex disease risk are subtle. Single genome-wide association (GWA) studies are typically underpowered to detect these effects, and combination of several GWA data sets is needed to enhance discovery. The authors investigated the properties of the discovery process in simulated cumulative meta-analyses of GWA study-derived signals allowing for potential genetic model misspecification and between-study heterogeneity. Variants with null effects on average (but also between-data set heterogeneity) could yield false-positive associations with seemingly homogeneous effects. Random...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Pereira, T. V., Patsopoulos, N. A., Salanti, G., Ioannidis, J. P. A. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Towards Reducing Disparities in Disparities ResearchEmail this article to a colleague.
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Rowland Hogue, C. J. Tags: EDITORIALS Source Type: journals
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
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(Source: American Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Using a Longitudinal Model to Estimate the Effect of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection on Length of Stay in an Intensive Care UnitEmail this article to a colleague.
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Health-care-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection may cause increased hospital stay, or sometimes death. Quantifying this effect is complicated because the exposure is time dependent: infection may prolong hospital stay, while longer stays increase infection risk. In this paper, the authors overcome these problems by using a multinomial longitudinal model to estimate the daily probability of death and discharge. They then extend the basic model to estimate how the effect of MRSA infection varies over time and to quantify number of excess days in the intensive care unit due to infection. Th...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 15, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Barnett, A. G., Batra, R., Graves, N., Edgeworth, J., Robotham, J., Cooper, B. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Using Time-dependent Covariate Analysis to Elucidate the Relation of Smoking History to Warthin's Tumor RiskEmail this article to a colleague.
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The authors aimed to elucidate the relation of the time-dependent smoking history parameters—age at smoking initiation and smoking intensity, duration, and latency—to the risk of Warthin's tumor, a benign tumor of the salivary gland for which cigarette smoking is a strong risk factor. They studied 117 cases of Warthin's tumor and 336 matched controls included in an Israeli nationwide case-control study of parotid gland tumors conducted from 2002 to 2003 by using the Cox regression model with time-dependent covariates, with age as the time axis. When current age and smoking duration were included in the statisti...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 15, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Freedman, L. S., Oberman, B., Sadetzki, S. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Meat and Meat-related Compounds and Risk of Prostate Cancer in a Large Prospective Cohort Study in the United StatesEmail this article to a colleague.
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The authors examined associations between meat consumption (type, cooking method, and related mutagens), heme iron, nitrite/nitrate, and prostate cancer in a cohort of 175,343 US men aged 50–71 years. During 9 years of follow-up (1995–2003), they ascertained 10,313 prostate cancer cases (1,102 advanced) and 419 fatal cases. Hazard ratios comparing the fifth intake quintile with the first revealed elevated risks associated with red and processed meat for total (red meat: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.21; processed meat: HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.14) and advanced (red meat: HR =...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 15, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Sinha, R., Park, Y., Graubard, B. I., Leitzmann, M. F., Hollenbeck, A., Schatzkin, A., Cross, A. J. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Blood Cadmium and Lead and Chronic Kidney Disease in US Adults: A Joint AnalysisEmail this article to a colleague.
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Environmental cadmium and lead exposures are widespread, and both metals are nephrotoxic at high exposure levels. Few studies have evaluated the associations between low-level cadmium and clinical renal outcomes, particularly with respect to joint cadmium and lead exposure. The geometric mean levels of blood cadmium and lead were 0.41 µg/L (3.65 nmol/L) and 1.58 µg/dL (0.076 µmol/L), respectively, in 14,778 adults aged ≥20 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2006). After adjustment for survey year, sociodemographic factors, chronic kidney disease r...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 15, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Navas-Acien, A., Tellez-Plaza, M., Guallar, E., Muntner, P., Silbergeld, E., Jaar, B., Weaver, V. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
Association of White Matter Lesions and Lacunar Infarcts With Executive Functioning: The SMART-MR StudyEmail this article to a colleague.
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The authors investigated the association of white matter lesions and lacunar infarcts with cognitive performance and whether brain atrophy mediates these associations. Within the Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease-Magnetic Resonance study (2001–2005, the Netherlands), cross-sectional analyses of 522 patients were performed (mean age, 57 years (standard deviation, 10); 76% male). Brain segmentation was used to quantify volumes of brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and white matter lesions. Infarcts were rated visually. Brain volume, ventricular volume, and gray matter volume were divided by intracranial volume ...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - October 15, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Geerlings, M. I., Appelman, A. P. A., Vincken, K. L., Mali, W. P. T. M., Yolanda van der Graaf for the SMART Study Group Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: journals
