Boys do(n ’t) cry: Addressing the unmet mental health needs of African American boys.
If African American boys are contemplating taking their lives at early ages, the hope for future generations is challenging at best. What is going on in African American communities that there is a lack of safe spaces for boys to express their emotions and to share their travails with supportive networks in lieu of ending their lives? The situation of African American boys (ages 5 –11) committing suicide at higher levels—more than any other group—and the recent studies regarding the rising rates of suicide among African American adolescent boys (12 and older) call for greater reflection and more discourse around the ...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 10, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lindsey, Michael A.; Brown, Danica R.; Cunningham, Michael Source Type: research

Sexual objectification: The common thread connecting myriad forms of sexual violence against women.
In this article, the authors focus on the linkages between objectification and current societal manifestations of sexual violence toward women to make the case that everyday instances of objectification can provide the foundation for more extreme forms of violence. First, they formally introduce the notion of objectification and explain its origins and its consequences in those who perpetrate and those who experience it. Next, they use objectification as a lens through which to consider several related, but distinct, societal problems, including: sexual assault of college women, harassment of women in work settings, and se...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - May 11, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Gervais, Sarah J.; Eagan, Sarah Source Type: research

"Treating adult survivors of childhood emotional abuse and neglect: A new framework": Correction to Grossman et al. (2017).
This article provides the outline of a new framework for treating adu lt survivors of childhood emotional abuse and neglect. Component-based psychotherapy (CBP) is an evidence-informed model that bridges, synthesizes, and expands upon several existing schools, or theories, of treatment for adult survivors of traumatic stress. These include approaches to therapy that s tem from more classic traditions in psychology, such as psychoanalysis, to more modern approaches including those informed by feminist thought. Moreover, CBP places particular emphasis on integration of key concepts from evidence-based treatment models develo...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - May 11, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: No authorship indicated Source Type: research

Interrelationships among length of stay in a domestic violence shelter, help received, and outcomes achieved.
Survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) have a variety of reasons for turning to domestic violence shelter programs. Some are seeking temporary respite and immediate safety while others are seeking longer term assistance to heal from their trauma and begin new lives. In line with these differing needs, some survivors only stay in shelter for a few days, while others may need to stay for months or even years. The current study involved secondary data analysis of an 8-state study that collected information from survivors shortly after they arrived in shelter and shortly before exit. The relationships between length of s...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - April 10, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sullivan, Cris M.; Virden, Tyler Source Type: research

The correlation between exposure to neighborhood violence and perpetration of moderate physical violence among Arab-Palestinian youth: Can it be moderated by parent –child support and gender?
In the current study, we examined the role of parent –child support as a protective factor that moderates the correlation between exposure to neighborhood violence and perpetration of moderate physical violence among 3,187 Arab-Palestinian adolescents who live in Israel (aged 12 to 18), from 21 different schools who were selected randomly. The proba bility sampling method was a nonproportional multistage stratified cluster sample. We also examined gender differences across this protective process. Participants completed a structured, anonymous self-report questionnaire. The findings of the study reveal that 47.3% of the ...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - March 30, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Massarwi, Adeem Ahmad Source Type: research

Identifying variability in permanent supportive housing: A comparative effectiveness approach to measuring health outcomes.
This article presents resu lts from qualitative interviews with supportive housing providers in the Chicago, Illinois, metropolitan area. Supportive housing varied according to housing configuration (scattered-site vs. project-based) and service provision model (low-intensity case management, intensive case management and beh avioral health), resulting in 6 basic types. Supportive housing programs also differed in services they provided in addition to case management and the extent to which they followed harm-reduction versus abstinence policies. Results showed advantages and disadvantages of each of the 6 basic types. C o...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - March 16, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dickson-Gomez, Julia; Quinn, Katherine; Bendixen, Arturo; Johnson, Amy; Nowicki, Kelly; Ko Ko, Thant; Galletly, Carol Source Type: research

Physical family violence and externalizing and internalizing behaviors among children and adolescents.
Family violence has been associated with various negative outcomes among children and adolescents. Yet, less is known about how unique forms of physical family violence contribute to externalizing and internalizing behaviors based on a child ’s developmental stage. Using data from the Illinois Families Study and administrative Child Protective Services data, we explored the relation between 3 types of physical family violence victimization and externalizing and internalizing behaviors among a sample of 2,402 children and adolescents. After including parent and family level covariates in Poisson regressions, we found that...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - March 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Renner, Lynette M.; Boel-Studt, Shamra Source Type: research

Examining the effects of a novel training program and use of psychiatric service dogs for military-related PTSD and associated symptoms.
This study explored an intensive 3-week training program and use of psychiatric service dogs for military-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated symptoms. The sample included 2 separate cohorts of military veterans (n = 7 and n = 5) with prior diagnoses of PTSD. Participants completed self-report measures assessing PTSD, depression, perception of social support, anger, and overall quality of life 1 month prior to the training (baseline), at arrival to the training site, and 6-month follow-up. Results indicated that, for this sample, there was a statistically significant decrease in PTSD and depression ...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - March 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kloep, Megan L.; Hunter, Richard H.; Kertz, Sarah J. Source Type: research

The moderating role of relationship skills education on depressive symptoms in fathers with young children.
Drawing on couple-focused prevention intervention models that target family level processes, we used complier average causal effect (CACE) estimates to determine whether relationship skills education moderated the association between fathers ’ depressive symptoms assessed when their children were 15-months-old and again when their children were 36-months-old. The sample consisted of low-income Hispanic American, European American, and African American fathers (N = 2,540) from the Building Strong Families Study. Fathers from 8 sites ac ross the United States were randomly assigned to either a treatment group who were offe...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - March 9, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Roopnarine, Jaipaul L.; Dede Yildirim, Elif Source Type: research

Moderating effect of child ’s autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis on benefit finding and negative affect of parents.
This study seeks to explore the relationships between benefit finding and parental well-being and aims to bridge the research gaps in 3 ways. First, it seeks to examine the nature of relationships between benefit finding and parent positive and negative affect among parents whose children have ASD or other special needs. Second, we posit that this relationship would be moderated by the presence of ASD in the child. Third, we hypothesize that this moderation may vary with the children ’s age. Three hundred and 2 parents responded to a self-report questionnaire. Specifically, for parents of children who are non-ASD, higher...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - March 2, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lim, Kit Kwan; Chong, Wan Har Source Type: research

Fostering resilience in National Guard and Reserve families: A contextual adaptation of an evidence-based parenting program.
Military deployment of a parent is a risk factor for children ’s internalizing and externalizing problems. This risk may be heightened in National Guard and Reserve (NG/R) families who tend to be isolated from other NG/R families and do not benefit from the centralized support system available to active duty families living on military bases. Isolation and t rauma-related disorders may complicate the adjustment of military families during reintegration. An evidence-based parent training intervention was modified to meet the unique needs of recently deployed NG/R parents and their spouses, and the modified program was eva...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - February 15, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Pinna, Keri L. M.; Hanson, Sheila; Zhang, Na; Gewirtz, Abigail H. Source Type: research

Facilitating successful reintegration: Attending to the needs of military families.
Subsequent to the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, the experiences of military service members (MSVMs) and veterans have garnered increasing attention. A growing body of work has begun to shed light on their reintegration, a process that can bring with it transitions and challenges for service members and their families. Although many families adapt effectively, some have difficulty navigating this process, which can lead to a host of short- and long-term negative consequences for families. The literature to date is not well-developed regarding strategies for supporting successful reintegration of MSVMs and veterans in the co...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - February 15, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Gil-Rivas, Virginia; Kilmer, Ryan P.; Larson, Jacqueline C.; Armstrong, Laura Marie Source Type: research

Student service members/veterans on campus: Challenges for reintegration.
In conclusion, there is a clear need to provide education to faculty, students, and staff regarding the experiences of SSM/Vs. Efforts to enhance screening for, availability of, and SSM/V engagement in mental health services would also be beneficial, as would improved availability of and SSM/V access to academic support. All future programs designed to address the unique challenges of SSM/Vs in the academic environment should also be systematically implemented and evaluated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - February 15, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Borsari, Brian; Yurasek, Ali; Miller, Mary Beth; Murphy, James G.; McDevitt-Murphy, Meghan E.; Martens, Matthew P.; Darcy, Monica G.; Carey, Kate B. Source Type: research

Mental health treatment utilization in OIF/OEF National Guard and Reserve troops with and without DSM diagnoses.
Military service members have an increased risk of developing mental health (MH) problems following deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan, yet only a small percentage seek mental health treatment. The aim of the present study was to explore patterns of MH service utilization within the first 12 months following return from combat deployment. Participants were 169 service members who had returned from war-zone deployment in either Iraq or Afghanistan and had assessments covering a 12-month period following their homecoming. The authors first examined the prevalence of mental health diagnoses and engagement with mental health tr...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - February 15, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Primack, Jennifer M.; Borsari, Brian; Benz, Madeline B.; Reddy, Madhavi K.; Shea, M. Tracie Source Type: research

Exploring the post-deployment reintegration experiences of veterans with PTSD and their significant others.
This study contributes to the understanding of the prolonged postdeployment family reintegration experiences of veterans and their SOs. Findings underscore the importance of continuing to advance the current knowledge base about the long-term impact of deployment on veterans and their famil ies, especially factors that contribute to positive postdeployment family functioning. Additional empirical studies are needed to provide more in-depth understanding of the long-term postdeployment reintegration experiences of veterans and their families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Jou...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - February 15, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Freytes, I. Magaly; LeLaurin, Jennifer H.; Zickmund, Susan L.; Resende, Rosana D.; Uphold, Constance R. Source Type: research