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Anaphylaxis and Anesthesia: Controversies and New InsightsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Anaphylaxis may be a life-threatening clinical condition and is likely a result of drugs or substances used for anesthesia or surgery. The criteria for the diagnosis and clinical treatment are discussed. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - October 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Clinical Concepts and Commentary Source Type: journals

Mathematical Modeling of the Pain and Progress of the First Stage of Nulliparous LaborEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Mathematical models can be used to detect subtle effects of patient covariates on the progress and pain of the first stage of labor. Asian women and heavier women had slower labor and slower onset of labor pain than others. These effects were modest compared with the substantial remaining unexplained subject-to-subject variability in labor progress and labor pain. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - October 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Pain Medicine Source Type: journals

Long-term Cognitive Decline in Older Subjects Was Not Attributable to Noncardiac Surgery or Major IllnessEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The study did not detect long-term cognitive decline independently attributable to surgery or illness, nor were these events associated with accelerated progression to dementia. The decision to proceed with surgery in elderly people, including those with early Alzheimer disease, may be made without factoring in the specter of persistent cognitive deterioration. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - October 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers: Current Status and Future DirectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Similarity of toxicities for molecularly dissimilar hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers and mitigation strategies were discussed at a National Institutes of Health/Food and Drug Administration-sponsored workshop. Finding appropriate clinical balance of risk:benefit remains challenging. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - October 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Special Articles Source Type: journals

Perioperative Strokes and [beta]-BlockadeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Perioperative β-blocker therapy is associated with an increased incidence in postoperative strokes. However, if several aspects are addressed, the risk of stroke seems to be similar to that of patients not on β-blockers. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - October 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Special Articles Source Type: journals

Differences in Quantitative Architecture of Sciatic Nerve May Explain Differences in Potential Vulnerability to Nerve Injury, Onset Time, and Minimum Effective Anesthetic VolumeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: In SN, the ratio neural:nonneural tissue changes significantly from 2:1 (midgluteal and subgluteal) to 1:1 (midfemoral and popliteal). This suggests a higher vulnerability for neurologic sequelae in proximal SN, and may explain differences observed in minimum effective anesthetic volume and onset time between proximal and distal SN blocks. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - October 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Pain Medicine Source Type: journals

Adenosine: An Old Drug Newly DiscoveredEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Over decades, anesthesiologists have used intravenous adenosine as mainstay therapy for diagnosing or treating supraventricular tachycardia in the perioperative setting. More recently, specific adenosine receptor therapeutics or gene-targeted mice deficient in extracellular adenosine production or individual adenosine receptors became available. These models enabled physicians and scientists to learn more about the biologic functions of extracellular nucleotide metabolism and adenosine signaling. Such functions include specific signaling effects through adenosine receptors expressed by many mammalian tissues; for example, ...
Source: Anesthesiology - September 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: journals

Mortality Associated with Implantation and Management of Intrathecal Opioid Drug Infusion Systems to Treat Noncancer PainEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Patients with noncancer pain treated with intrathecal opioid therapy experience increased mortality compared to similar patients treated by using other therapies. Respiratory depression as a consequence of intrathecal drug overdosage or mixed intrathecal and systemic drug interactions is one plausible, but hypothetical mechanism. The exact causes for patient deaths and the proportion of those deaths attributable to intrathecal opioid therapy remain to be determined. These findings, although based on incomplete information, suggest that it may be possible to reduce mortality in noncancer intrathecal opioid ther...
Source: Anesthesiology - September 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Pain Medicine Source Type: journals

Mechanical Ventilation Induces a Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain-containing Adapter-inducing Interferon [beta]-dependent Inflammatory Response in Healthy MiceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The current study supports a prominent role for TRIF in the development of the pulmonary and systemic inflammatory response after MV. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - September 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Critical Care Medicine Source Type: journals

Tidal Volume Lower than 6 ml/kg Enhances Lung Protection: Role of Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide RemovalEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Tidal hyperinflation may occur in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome who are ventilated with a tidal volume (VT) of 6 ml/kg of predicted body weight develop a plateau pressure (PPLAT) of 28 (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - September 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Critical Care Medicine Source Type: journals

Operation Timing Does Not Affect Outcome after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft SurgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery can be scheduled throughout the workday, any day of the work week and in any month of the year without compromising outcome. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - September 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Effect of [beta]-blocker Prescription on the Incidence of Postoperative Myocardial Infarction after Hip and Knee ArthroplastyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: After adjustment for confounders, discontinuation of [beta]-blocker prescription during the first week after surgery was significantly associated with POMI and death. These findings confirm the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Care for Noncardiac Surgery, which recommend not to withdraw [beta]-blocker therapy. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - September 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Predictors of Postoperative Pain and Analgesic Consumption: A Qualitative Systematic ReviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pain is a subjective and multidimensional experience that is often inadequately managed in clinical practice. Effective control of postoperative pain is important after anesthesia and surgery. A systematic review was conducted to identify the independent predictive factors for postoperative pain and analgesic consumption. The authors identified 48 eligible studies with 23,037 patients included in the final analysis. Preoperative pain, anxiety, age, and type of surgery were four significant predictors for postoperative pain. Type of surgery, age, and psychological distress were the significant predictors for analgesic consu...
Source: Anesthesiology - August 26, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: journals

Role of Central and Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation Measurement in Perioperative CareEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Complications after major surgery are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The etiology of postoperative complications is complex, but poor cardiorespiratory reserve appears to be a key factor. There is increasing interest in the use of central and mixed venous oxygen saturation to guide therapeutic interventions during the perioperative period. However, a detailed understanding of the physiologic principles of venous oximetry is essential for safe and effective use in clinical practice. Venous oxygen saturation reflects the balance between global oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption, which may be affected by a wi...
Source: Anesthesiology - August 26, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: journals

Does Postoperative Delirium Limit the Use of Patient-controlled Analgesia in Older Surgical Patients?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Postoperative delirium did not limit PCA use. Despite more opioid use, visual analog scale scores were higher in patients with delirium. Future studies on delirium should consider the role of pain and pain management as potential etiologic factors. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - August 26, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Pain Medicine Source Type: journals

Precision of Traditional Approaches for Lumbar Plexus Block: Impact and Management of Interindividual Anatomic VariabilityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Improvement of both the proximity and the margin of error is possible by using diagonal landmark vectors. Relying on the position of the posterior superior iliac spine eliminates the sex and sided differences and individual body size, which can be problematic if firm metric distances are used in determining the entry point. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - August 26, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Epinephrine Impairs Lipid Resuscitation from Bupivacaine Overdose: A Threshold EffectEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Epinephrine over a threshold dose near 10 mcg/kg impairs lipid resuscitation from bupivacaine overdose, possibly by inducing hyperlactatemia. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - August 26, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Placental Transfer and Fetal Metabolic Effects of Phenylephrine and Ephedrine during Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean DeliveryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Ephedrine crosses the placenta to a greater extent and undergoes less early metabolism and/or redistribution in the fetus compared with phenylephrine. The associated increased fetal concentrations of lactate, glucose, and catecholamines support the hypothesis that depression of fetal pH and base excess with ephedrine is related to metabolic effects secondary to stimulation of fetal [beta]-adrenergic receptors. Despite historical evidence suggesting uteroplacental blood flow may be better maintained with ephedrine, the overall effect of the vasopressors on fetal oxygen supply and demand balance may favor phenyl...
Source: Anesthesiology - August 26, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Anesthesia for Noncardiac Surgery in Adults with Congenital Heart DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
For the first time in history, the number of adults with congenital heart disease exceeds that of children. Many of these patients will require noncardiac surgery. The perioperative implications are reviewed. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - July 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Clinical Concepts and Commentary Source Type: journals

Intravenous Infusion Tests Have Limited Utility for Selecting Long-term Drug Therapy in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Systematic ReviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Since the first description in the early 1990s, the scope of intravenous infusions tests has expanded to encompass multiple drug classes and indications. Purported advantages of these tests include elucidating mechanisms of pain, providing temporary relief of symptoms, and usefulness as prognostic tools in guiding drug therapy. In an attempt to discern the value of these tests, the authors conducted a systematic review to explore the rationale and evidence behind the following intravenous infusion tests: lidocaine, ketamine, opioid, and phentolamine. The studies evaluating all intravenous infusion tests were characterized ...
Source: Anesthesiology - July 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: journals

Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetics for Peripheral Nerve and Plexus Blocks: A Meta-analysis of Randomized TrialsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of adding clonidine to local anesthetics for nerve or plexus blocks remains unclear. The authors searched for randomized placebo-controlled trials testing the impact of adding clonidine to local anesthetics for peripheral single-injection nerve or plexus blocks in adults undergoing any surgery (except eye) without general anesthesia. Twenty trials (1,054 patients, 573 received clonidine) published 1992-2006 tested plexus (14 brachial, 1 cervical) and nerve blocks (2 sciatic/femoral, 1 midhumeral, 1 ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric, 1 ankle). Clonidine doses ranged from 30 to 300 [mu]g; most patients received 150 [mu...
Source: Anesthesiology - July 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: journals

Moderate Exposure to Allogeneic Blood Products Is Not Associated with Reduced Long-term Survival after Surgery for Coronary Artery DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Patients who have undergone coronary artery surgery and who have received moderate amounts of blood as part of responsible and conservative management should be reassured that they are unlikely to experience a reduction in long-term survival. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - July 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Prognostic Value of Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Noncardiac Surgery: A Meta-analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Elevated BNP and NT-proBNP levels identify patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery at high risk of cardiac mortality, all-cause mortality, and MACE. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - July 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Methoxycarbonyl-etomidate: A Novel Rapidly Metabolized and Ultra-short-acting Etomidate Analogue that Does Not Produce Prolonged Adrenocortical SuppressionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: MOC-etomidate is an etomidate analogue that retains etomidate's important favorable pharmacological properties. However, it is rapidly metabolized, ultra-short-acting, and does not produce prolonged adrenocortical suppression after bolus administration. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - July 24, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Hydroxyethyl Starches: Different Products - Different EffectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
With the development of a new generation of hydroxyethyl starches (HES), there has been renewed interest in their clinical potential. High doses of first- and second-generation HES were associated with adverse effects on renal function, coagulation, and tissue storage, thereby limiting their clinical applicability. Newer HES products have lower molar substitution and in vivo molecular weight, resulting in more rapid metabolism and clearance. In this review article, the differences between HES generations are highlighted, with particular emphasis on the improved safety profile of the third generation products. These improve...
Source: Anesthesiology - June 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: journals

Ultrasound Assessment of Gastric Content and VolumeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that bedside two-dimensional ultrasonography can be a useful noninvasive tool to determine gastric content and volume. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Preoperative Melatonin and Its Effects on Induction and Emergence in Children Undergoing Anesthesia and SurgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Midazolam is more effective than melatonin in reducing children's anxiety at induction of anesthesia. Melatonin showed a direct dose-dependent effect on emergence delirium. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

An Estimation of the Minimum Effective Anesthetic Volume of 2% Lidocaine in Ultrasound-guided Axillary Brachial Plexus BlockEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Successful ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block may be performed with 1 ml per nerve of 2% LidoEpi. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Impact of Gene Copy Number Variation on Anesthesia in Drosophila melanogasterEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Variation in gene copy number has a significant impact on anesthetic sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster. The level of transcription of a few genes must thus be limiting for a normal response to volatiles. Coupling between gene copy and gene expression is universal, and the components of the fly's nervous system are highly conserved; therefore, this work provides a rationale for investigating the clinical impact of copy number variation. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Cervical Spine Motion: A Fluoroscopic Comparison of the AirTraq Laryngoscope versus the Macintosh LaryngoscopeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: For patients in whom C-spine movement is undesirable, use of the AirTraq Laryngoscope(R) may be useful to limit movement without an increase in the duration of intubation. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 25, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Drowning: Update 2009Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Over the past four decades, we have learned considerably more about the pathophysiology and treatment of drowning. This, coupled with increased emphasis in improvement in water safety and resuscitation, has produced a threefold decrease in the number of deaths, indexed to population, from drowning in the United States yearly. This review presents the current status of our knowledge of the epidemiology, the pathophysiology of drowning and its treatment, updates the definitions of drowning and the drowning process, and makes suggestions for further improvement in water safety. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, ...
Source: Anesthesiology - June 1, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: journals

Morphine-6[beta]-glucuronide Rapidly Increases Pain Sensitivity Independently of Opioid Receptor Activity in Mice and HumansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: These data indicate that M6G causes hyperalgesia independent of previous or concurrent opioid receptor activity or analgesia. In mice, a causal role for the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor is also indicated. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 1, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Pain Medicine Source Type: journals

Anesthetic-induced Improvement of the Inflammatory Response to One-lung VentilationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: This prospective, randomized clinical study suggests an immunomodulatory role for the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane in patients undergoing OLV for thoracic surgery with significant reduction of inflammatory mediators and a significantly better clinical outcome (defined by postoperative adverse events) during sevoflurane anesthesia. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 1, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Feasibility of Tobacco Interventions in Anesthesiology Practices: A Pilot StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the AAR strategy is potentially feasible and well-accepted in anesthesiology clinical practice. Further work will be needed to define whether these practices and attitudes can be sustained and whether they are ultimately effective in modifying perioperative smoking behavior in surgical patients. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 1, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Preoperative Electrocardiograms: Patient Factors Predictive of AbnormalitiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Age greater than 65 yr remains an independent predictor for significant preoperative electrocardiograms abnormalities. The specific clinical risk factors that were found have a high sensitivity and identified all but 0.44% of patients with electrocardiograms abnormalities that may affect preoperative management. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 1, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Extraneural versus Intraneural Stimulation Thresholds during Ultrasound-guided Supraclavicular BlockEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study and the use of ultrasound, a stimulation current of 0.2 mA or less is reliable to detect intraneural placement of the needle. Furthermore, stimulation currents of more than 0.2 and no more than 0.5 mA could not rule out intraneural position. (C) 2009 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - June 1, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Perioperative Medicine Source Type: journals

Acknowledgment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1152DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181926fcb (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (112 K) Source Type: journals

Awards.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1151DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181926f70 (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (77 K) Source Type: journals

Announcement.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1149DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181926f4e (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (139 K) Source Type: journals

Correction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1148DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181934e79 (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (161 K) Source Type: journals

Anesthesiology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1147DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818dd90eAuthors: Smith, Warner M.D. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (63 K) Source Type: journals

Interactive TEE Review: Self-Assessment Examination (DVD).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1146DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818dd8fcAuthors: Whitley, William S. M.D. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (92 K) Source Type: journals

Management of the Difficult and Failed Airway.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1146DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818dd8eaAuthors: Morris, Garret K. M.D.; Salem, M Ramez M.D. * (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (65 K) Source Type: journals

Accidental Intravascular Injection of Local Anesthetic?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1144DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818e2b59Authors: Zetlaoui, Paul J. M.D. *; Labbe, Jean-Philippe M.D.; Benhamou, Dan M.D., Ph.D. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (86 K) Source Type: journals

Accidental Intravascular Injection of Local Anesthetic?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1144DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818e2b3eAuthors: Loubert, Christian M.D.; Williams, Stephan R. M.D., Ph.D. * (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (62 K) Source Type: journals

Accidental Intravascular Injection of Local Anesthetic?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1143DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818dd8d3Authors: Nelson, Todd W. M.D. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (90 K) Source Type: journals

Ultrasound-guided Peripheral Nerve Blocks and Intravascular Injection.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1142DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818dd8c1Authors: Shankar, Hariharan M.B.B.S. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (90 K) Source Type: journals

Minimizing the Risk of Intravascular Injection during Ultrasound-guided Peripheral Nerve Blockade.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1142DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818dd8aaAuthors: Brull, Richard M.D., F.R.C.P.C. *; Perlas, Anahi M.D., F.R.C.P.C.; Cheng, Peter H. D.O.; Chan, Vincent W. S. M.D., F.R.C.P.C. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (61 K) Source Type: journals

Use of Cockroft and Gault Formula for Estimation of Creatinine Clearance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1141DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818e29ebAuthors: Kheterpal, Sachin M.D., M.B.A. *; Tremper, Kevin K. Ph.D., M.D. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (92 K) Source Type: journals

Use of Cockroft and Gault Formula for Estimation of Creatinine Clearance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 1140DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818dd6feAuthors: D'Souza, Genevieve M.B.B.S. *; Viscusi, Eugene R. M.D.; Rowlands, John B.S. (Source: Anesthesiology)
Source: Anesthesiology - November 25, 2008 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: HTML PDF (92 K) Source Type: journals