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Adipose tissue gene expression profiles of healthy young adult and geriatric dogs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Obesity is a major problem in today's dog population, with aged animals having an increased susceptibility to obesity-related comorbidities. A molecular approach to studying adipose tissue may enhance our understanding of its role in energy homeostasis and the disease process. Thus, the objective of this study was to use canine microarrays to compare gene expression profiles of adipose tissue from geriatric and young adult dogs. Adipose tissue samples were collected from six geriatric (12 year-old) and six young adult (one-year-old) female beagles after being fed one of two diets (animal protein-based vs. plant protein...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Swanson KS, Belsito KR, Vester BM, Schook LB Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Protein, nucleic acid content and activity of micro- and m-calpain in the longissimus dorsi muscle as affected by protein and energy restriction during early growth of pigs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The study was conducted to determine the changes in growth rate, protein deposition, concentration of nucleic acids, and activity of calpain enzymes in the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs, which received a low protein and low energy diet from 25-50 kg bodyweight (BW) followed by adequate feeding to 105 kg BW in comparison with pigs fed adequately throughout the study. The muscle of pigs subjected to limitation tended to grow slower and deposit less protein daily (by 25%, p < 0.10), but have a significantly lower DNA concentration (by 13%, p < 0.01). The activity of micro- and m-calpain was also significantly low...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Skiba G, Raj S, Weremko D, Fandrejewski H Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs fed phytase-supplemented barley-based diets containing soybean meal or canola meal as a protein source.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the effect of phytase in barley-based diets for finishing pigs on all response criteria measured in this study, except apparent total tract N digestibility, was not influenced by protein source. PMID: 19489456 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Woyengo TA, Dickson T, Sands JS, Nyachoti CM Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Influence of benzoic acid in high fibre diets on nutrient digestibility and VFA production in growing/finishing pigs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a feeding trial with 32 crossbred gilts (13-108 kg bodyweight) the effect of benzoic acid (5 g/kg diet) in low (NDF: 150 g/kg DM) and high (NDF: 202 g/kg DM) fibre diets on performance and apparent nutrient digestibility was examined. The animals were restrictively fed one of four grower and finisher diets: low fibre diet without and with benzoic acid (LF- and LF+), and a high fibre diet without and with benzoic acid (HF- and HF+). At 56 kg bodyweight, four animals per diet were slaughtered to obtain data on volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in the gut. In the grower period, digestibility of nitrogen, energy and ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Bühler K, Bucher B, Wenk C, Broz J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)-based monitoring of intestinal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria of pigs during a feeding trial.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different feeding strategies on the gut microbiota of organic growing-finishing pigs. A total of 76 pigs were allocated to four different dietary treatments (control, probiotics, maize silage and grass silage). Effects of the applied probiotic preparation on the composition of the intestinal and faecal microbiota were monitored. By using a DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis)-based methodology, fingerprints of the intestinal microbiota were obtained. The total microbial DNA was isolated from faecal and colon samples and amplified with PCR using different...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Petersson A, Domig KJ, Nagel P, Zollitsch W, Hagmüller W, Kneifeld W Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Determination of endogenous faecal phosphorus loss in goats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Four black Liuyang wether goats were fed with corn stover and concentrate formulated to contain four levels of dietary phosphorus (P), including 0.129, 0.140, 0.162 and 0.180% of P. In a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment the endogenous faecal P loss was determined by the regression technique and the substitution method. Treatment effects on faecal and urinary P output, apparent P digestibility and P retention, and saliva P secretion were not significant. A linear relationship was observed between apparent faecal digestible P (Y, g/kg DMI) and P intake (X, g/kg DMI), which was described by the equation: Y = 0.4799 X -0.9209...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Tayo GO, Tang SX, Tan ZL, Sun ZH, Wang M, Zhou CS, Han XF Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Feeding measures to reduce nitrogen excretion in dairy cattle.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Feeding measures with a potential to improve N efficiency in dairy cattle husbandry were studied at two levels of undegradable protein balance (OEB). In each of the two experiments, two simultaneous Latin squares were conducted, each with three treatments and three lactating Holstein cows. Decreasing the OEB of the diet improved N efficiency and resulted in lower N excretion per kg milk. To avoid a negative effect of the decreased OEB on the production results, spreading the concentrate intake (as TMR or in five meals) seemed to be most promising, although only few significant effects were found. The use of protected p...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: De Campeneere S, De Boever JL, Vanacker JM, Messens W, De Brabander DL Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Estimation of inevitable macro mineral losses in amazons (Amazona spp.) as basis for the calculation of maintenance requirement.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To determine the endogenous losses of macro minerals via excrements, adult amazons (Amazona spp., n=5) were fed a purified diet supplemented with vitamins, trace elements and amino acids according to recommendations for poultry, but almost free of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The diet was offered ad libitum for nine days and was compared to mineral excretion when fed a commercial seed mixture. Daily dry matter (DM) intake was 22.2 g DM/bird (16.3 MJ ME/kg DM) compared to 8.18 g DM/bird when offered a commercial seed mixture (20.0 MJ ME/kg DM). Daily amounts of excreta corresponded to the physio...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Westfahl CP, Wolf P, Kamphues J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Influence of an aqueous extract of Ligustrum lucidum and an ethanol extract of Schisandra chinensis on parameters of antioxidative metabolism and spleen lymphocyte proliferation of broilers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the results suggested that either AELL or EESC may improve antioxidant status and immune function of broilers. PMID: 19271552 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ma D, Shan A, Li J, Zhao Y, Guo X Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of different levels of selenium on growth performance and immunocompetence of broilers under heat stress.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary selenium (Se) levels on growth performance and immune competence of broilers under heat stress. Birds were raised in either a thermoneutral (TN, 23.9 degrees C constant) or heat stress conditions (HS, 23.9 degrees C to 38 degrees C cycling) and were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with Se at 0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg. A total of 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to six groups; each group had four replicates of 10 birds. Body weight and feed intake were not influenced by dietary Se, while feed conversion was significantly ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Niu Z, Liu F, Yan Q, Li L Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

A comparison of different legume seeds as protein supplement to optimise the use of low quality forages by ruminants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The potential of different legume seeds species, including recently new developed varieties (Vicia faba: a commercial variety and varieties Alameda, Palacio and Baraka; Lupinus angustifolius; Pisum sativum and Cicer arietinum: varieties Fardon and Zegri) as protein supplements to low quality forages was evaluated. First, the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, in situ degradability and in vitro/in situ intestinal digestibility of legume seeds were determined. The chemical composition was rather similar within genus. Vicia faba beans contained more condensed tannins (35.8-56.4 g/kg DM) and less ether extract (...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Yáñez-Ruiz DR, Martín-García AI, Weisbjerg MR, Hvelplund T, Molina-Alcaide E Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Change of ruminal sodium transport in sheep during dietary adaptation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the time course of functional rumen epithelium adaptation after a change from hay feeding (ad libitum) to a mixed hay/concentrate diet was monitored by measuring Na+ transport rates in Ussing chamber experiments. A total of 18 sheep were subjected to different periods of mixed hay/concentrate feeding ranging from 0 weeks (control; hay ad libitum) to 12 weeks (800 g hay plus 800 g concentrate per day in two equal portions). For each animal, the net absorption of sodium was measured following the mixed hay/concentrate feeding period. Net Na transport, Jnet, significantly rose from 2.15 +/- 0.43 (control) to 3....
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Etschmann B, Suplie A, Martens H Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of a diet containing fusarium toxins on the fertility of gilts and on bulbourethral gland weight in barrows.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nine gilts weighing 80 kg at the beginning of the trial were fed a mycotoxin contaminated diet containing 2 mg deoxynivalenol (DON) and 0.4 mg zearalenone (ZON) per kg (Diet M). Their daily weight gain until 103 kg BW was reduced in comparison to the nine control animals fed an uncontaminated diet (Diet C) (763 vs. 912 g; p = 0.02). There was no treatment effect on the age at first observed oestrus. Seven and eight gilts receiving Diet M and C, respectively, became pregnant after being mated once or being again mated three weeks later. The examination of the uteri of gilts slaughtered 35-61 days after mating showed tha...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Gutzwiller A, Gafner JL, Stoll P Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Supplementation of L-carnitine in pigs: absorption of carnitine and effect on plasma and tissue carnitine concentrations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the present study shows that young pigs have a high capacity to absorb carnitine from the diet. It is also shown that plasma and tissue carnitine concentrations in young pigs can be markedly increased by supplementation of carnitine. PMID: 19271547 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2009 Category: Nutrition Authors: Fischer M, Varady J, Hirche F, Kluge H, Eder K Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effect of selenium deficiency on the antioxidative status and muscle damage in growing turkeys.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An experiment investigated the effect of different selenium supplementations on the antioxidant defence system and on the occurrence of muscle dystrophy in growing turkeys. Newly hatched male turkeys (B.U.T. Big 6) were divided into eight groups of 18 turkeys each and fed either a basal diet (selenium < 0.010 mg/kg diet), or the basal diet supplemented with 0.10; 0.15; 0.20; 0.25; 0.30; 0.35 or 0.40 mg selenium/kg diet in the form of sodium selenate. Vitamin E was adequately supplemented in all diets. After 35 days, muscle damage parameters including aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase M and...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - December 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Fischer J, Bosse A, Pallauf J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Milk fatty acid profile of Peruvian Criollo and Brown Swiss cows in response to different diet qualities fed at low and high altitude.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two identical experimental protocols were followed at 200 and 3,600 m above sea level (a.s.l.) determining the changes of the milk fatty acid (FA) profile of Brown Swiss (BS) and indigenous Peruvian Criollo cows (CR) as a response to diets which were designed to cover the variation in feed quality caused by season. At each site (altitude), six BS and six CR cows, adapted to > 3,500 m a.s.l., were fed three dietary treatments (DS, dry-season forage; RS rainy-season forage; OC, diet optimised to meet the cow's requirements) in a 2 x 2 x 3-factorial arrangement. Intakes of FA and milk yield increased from diet DS (low ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - December 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Bartl K, Gomez CA, García M, Aufdermauer T, Kreuzer M, Hess HD, Wettstein HR Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Description of the structural diversity of rumen microbial communities in vitro using single-strand conformation polymorphism profiles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the PCR-SSCP-based technique in conjunction with non-metric multidimensional scaling was sufficiently sensitive to detect and compare changes in composition of rumen microbial community structure in vitro as affected by diet and other environmental factors. PMID: 19143229 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - December 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Boguhn J, Strobel E, Witzig M, Tebbe CC, Rodehutscord M Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Phenotypic and functional aspects of the neonatal immune system as related to the maternal dietary fatty acid supply of sows.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The maternal-fetal transfer and subsequent uptake of sow milk enriched with n-6- or n-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids may not only influence neonatal body fat but may also have an impact on the immune function of newborn piglets. Sows were fed a diet containing sunflower oil as n-6-source or oil from seal blubber with long chain polyunsaturated n-3-fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation. Sow serum was investigated during pregnancy and serum and milk during lactation; piglet serum and liver were investigated in the suckling period until day 19. Piglet leukocyte subpopulations were characterised by flow cytometry and l...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - December 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Binter C, Khol-Parisini A, Hellweg P, Gerner W, Schäfer K, Hulan HW, Saalmüller A, Zentek J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effect of insoluble fibre on intestinal morphology and mRNA expression pattern of inflammatory, cell cycle and growth marker genes in a piglet model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effects of insoluble dietary fibre differing in lignin content on intestinal morphology and mRNA expression was tested in an animal model of 48 weaned piglets. Engaged fibre sources were wheat bran (rich in cellulose and hemicellulose) and pollen from Chinese Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) (rich in lignin), respectively. The fibre sources were added to a basal diet as follows: no addition (control), 3.0% wheat bran, 1.27% pine pollen, and 2.55% pine pollen. The 12 animals of each feeding group were fed four experimental diets ad libitum for 37 days and were then slaughtered for retrieving tissue samples from stomac...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - December 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Schedle K, Pfaffl MW, Plitzner C, Meyer HH, Windisch W Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of supplementing two levels of magnesium aspartate and transportation stress on pork quality and gene expression of micro-calpain and calpastatin of finishing pigs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing swine finishing diets with two levels of magnesium aspartate (MgAsp) and short-term transportation stress on blood parameters, pork quality and the mRNA abundance of p-calpain and calpastatin in muscles of finishing pigs. Thirty-six crossbred finishing pigs (mean BW 90 kg) were assigned randomly to 0, 1000, or 2000 mg supplemental Mg from MgAsp per kg of diet for five days before slaughter. Then six pigs from each dietary treatment were subjected either to no transportation stress (NTS) or 2 h of transportation stress (TS). Transportation stress re...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - October 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Tang R, Yu B, Zhang K, Chen D Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Evaluation of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) as a protein source for broilers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Male broiler chicks (n=120) were fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 or 15% dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) from the 12th day up to the end of fattening (day 35). During this period feed intake, weight gain and excreta quality (pH, DM) were tested. A digestibility trial was carried out on four birds from each group on the last five days of the experiment to determine the digestibility of organic matter and CP of the different diets. The protein digestibility was evaluated using three different methods; uric acid correction, alpha-amino-N and amino acid-N. There were no significant effects of increased DDGS leve...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - October 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Youssef IM, Westfahl C, Sünder A, Liebert F, Kamphues J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Gastrointestinal tract metabolism of young turkeys fed diets supplemented with pure nystose or a fructooligosaccharide mixture.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a four-week experiment on 60 7-day-old BUT-9 male turkeys the effects of dietary fructooligosaccharides (pure nystose and a fructooligosaccharide mixture) supplemented at 1 and 2%, were studied on ileal and caecal metabolism. The control carbohydrate was cellulose, added also at 1 or 2%. Each dietary treatment consists of 10 birds kept individually. The average degree of polymerisation of the nystose and oligofructose preparation amounted to 2.9 and 4.1, respectively. The addition of nystose significantly decreased the pH value and viscosity in the ileal contents compared with the cellulose treatment. On the other h...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - October 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Juśkiewicza J, Zduńczyk Z, Jankowski J, Król B, Milala J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of isobutyrate on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and digestibility in steers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of isobutyrate supplementations on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in steers. Eight ruminally cannulated Simmental steers were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment. On DM basis, diet consisted of 60% corn stover and 40% concentrate. Dry matter intake (averaged 9 kg/d) was restricted to 90% of ad libitum intake. The four treatment groups received a daily dose of 0 (control), 8.4, 16.8 or 25.2 g isobutyrate per steer. With increasing isobutyrate supplementation total VFA concentration (range 64.2-74.0 mM) ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - October 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Liu Q, Wang C, Huang Y, Dong K, Yang W, Wang H Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Performance and tissue fatty acid profiles in veal calves fed diets supplemented with conjugated linoleic acids.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Three groups of six calves each were fed a milk replacer at 0.8 kg and a starter concentrate ad libitum. Calves of the control group received the basal diet supplemented with rapeseed oil at 10 g per kg of feed solids. Calves of treatment groups were fed diets supplemented with a synthetically produced oil containing 62.3% methyl esters of CLA. The CLA-oil was added to milk at expense of rapeseed oil and fed at 5 and 10 g x kg(-1) feed solids for 63 days. Calves were slaughtered at 115 days of age. There was no significant effect of CLA on growth, intake of starter, feed conversion, chemical composition of meat and its...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - October 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Marounek M, Skrivanová V, Výborná A, Dusková D Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Occurrence of bifidobacteria in faeces of calves fed milk or a combined diet.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The development of faecal bacteria composition in calves fed milk or a combined diet was investigated from 4 to 21 days of age. On day 7, bifidobacteria in faeces of milk-fed calves already increased from about 7.6 to 9.2 log CFU/g and did not change until the end of the study, whereas in calves fed the combined diet bifidobacteria only moderately increased to 7.9 log CFU/g and decreased slowly until day 21. The counts of bifidobacteria in calves on a combined diet were significantly (p < 0.01) lower compared to those in milk-fed calves. Bifidobacterial counts determined by cultivation or by fluorescence in situ hyb...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - October 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Vlková E, Rada V, Trojanová I, Killer J, Smehilová M, Molatová Z Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of feeding low protein diets to piglets on plasma urea nitrogen, faecal ammonia nitrogen, the incidence of diarrhoea and performance after weaning.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluated the effects of feeding pigs low protein (LP) diets for different lengths of time after weaning on indices of protein fermentation, the incidence of postweaning diarrhoea (PWD), growth performance, and total-tract apparent digestibility. Sixty weaner pigs weighing 6.1 +/- 0.13 kg (mean +/- SEM) were used in a completely randomised design having five treatments: (i) a high protein diet (HP, 243 g/kg CP) fed for 14 d after weaning (HP14); (ii) a low protein diet (LP, 173 g CP/kg) fed for 5 d after weaning (LP5); (iii) LP diet fed for 7 d after weaning (LP7); (iv) LP diet fed for 10 d after weaning (LP10),...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - October 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Heo JM, Kim JC, Hansen CF, Mullan BP, Hampson DJ, Pluske JR Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effect of graded levels of rapeseed oil in isonitrogenous diets on the development of the gastrointestinal tract, and utilisation of protein, fat and energy in broiler chickens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of feeding 0, 4, 8 and 16% rapeseed oil from 12-42 days of age was studied in broiler chickens on performance, digestibility of nutrients, and development of gastrointestinal tract, protein and energy metabolism. Thirty six female chickens (Ross 208) with initial body weight average 246 g were allocated to the four groups and kept pair-wise in metabolism cages. The chickens were fed similar amounts of metabolisable energy (ME) per day and similar amounts of essential amino acids relative to ME by adjusting with crystalline amino acids. The chickens were subjected to four balance periods each of five days wit...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - August 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jørgensen H, Zhao XQ, Theil PK, Jakobsen K Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Disappearance of immunoreactive glycinin and beta-conglycinin in the digestive tract of piglets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Soybean allergy represents a health threat to human and animals. Glycinin and beta-conglycinin, the main storage proteins in soybean, have been identified as major food/ feed allergens. The present study was conducted to investigate the disappearance of immunoreactive glycinin and beta-conglycinin in the digestive processes of piglets. Twelve crossbred piglets, weaned at 21 days of age, were allocated to three dietary treatments in a complete block design, each treatment with four replicates (female/male = 1:1). From day 22-28, the control group was fed diets without leguminous products, while the two treatment groups ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - August 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Zhao Y, Qin G, Sun Z, Zhang X, Bao N, Wang T, Zhang B, Zhang B, Zhu D, Sun L Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of soybean glycinin on performance and immune function in early weaned pigs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, it was found that glycinin stimulated local and systemic immune responses in allergic piglets and had negative effects on piglet performance. The severity of the immune reactions depends on the dose of glycinin with higher doses causing more severe symptoms. PMID: 18763625 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - August 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sun P, Li D, Dong B, Qiao S, Ma X Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone on oxidative stress and blood phagocytic activity in broilers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Effects of dietary contamination with various levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) were investigated on Ross 308 hybrid broilers of both sexes. After hatching, all chickens were fed an identical control diet for two weeks. Then chickens of Group 1 received a diet contaminated with DON and ZEA, both being 3.4 mg kg(-1), while Group 2 received DON and ZEA at 8.2 and 8.3 mg kg(-1), respectively. The diet of the control group contained background levels of mycotoxins. Samples of blood and tissues were collected after two weeks. Intake of both contaminated diets resulted in a significantly decreased activity...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - August 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Borutova R, Faix S, Placha I, Gresakova L, Cobanova K, Leng L Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Ruminal fermentation patterns and parameters of the acid base metabolism in the urine as influenced by the proportion of concentrate in the ration of dairy cows with and without Fusarium toxin-contaminated triticale.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Feeding a total mixed ration with 50% concentrate and a mean deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration of 5.3 mg/kg DM to 13 German Holstein cows in early lactation (Myco group) resulted in alterations in the ruminal fermentation patterns (lower molar percentage of acetate and isobutyrate, higher molar percentage of valerate) compared to the 14 control cows (Period 1, 11 weeks). In the Myco group, significantly lower ruminal pH value occurred in weeks 4 and 8 and lower minimum pH values critical for developing subacute ruminal acidosis were detected. Accordingly, the net acid base excretion in the urine and the base-to-acid r...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - August 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Keese C, Meyer U, Rehage J, Spilke J, Boguhn J, Breves G, Dänicke S Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of a Fusarium toxin-contaminated triticale, either untreated or treated with sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5, SBS), on weaned piglets with a special focus on liver function as determined by the 13C-methacetin breath test.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the present experiment was to test the effects of a wet preservation of triticale contaminated mainly with deoxynivalenol (DON) with sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5, SBS) on growth performance, liver function, clinical-chemical plasma parameters and organ histopathology of piglets. For this purpose both the uncontaminated control triticale and the DON contaminated triticale were included in the piglet diet either untreated (CON, FUS) or SBS-treated (CON-SBS, FUS-SBS) and fed for 28 d starting from weaning. The dietary concentrations of DON and DON sulfonate (DONS), the DON derivative resulting from the SBS tr...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - August 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Dänicke S, Beineke A, Goyarts T, Valenta H, Beyer M, Humpf HU Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

On the effects of the concentrate proportion of dairy cow rations in the presence and absence of a fusarium toxin-contaminated triticale on cow performance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a deoxynivalenol (DON) contaminated ration with a concentrate proportion of 50%, on the performance of dairy cows (Period 1), and to examine the effects when the concentrate proportion was elevated to 60% compared to a ration with 30% concentrates (Period 2). In Period 1, 13 lactating German Holstein cows (Myco group, on average 29 days in milk) were fed the experimental diet (on average 5.3 mg DON/kg DM) as total mixed ration over 11 weeks, while another 14 cows (on average 33 days in milk) received a control diet. Both rations contained 50% concentrates (...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - June 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Keese C, Meyer U, Rehage J, Spilke J, Boguhn J, Breves G, Dänicke S Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Evaluation of the effects of dietary particle fractions on fermentation profile and concentration of microbiota in the rumen of dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The study evaluated the effects of three different theoretical particle lengths (TPL) of grass silage on the distribution of particle fractions of the diet and the resulting effects on fermentation profile and concentrations of protozoa and mixed bacterial mass in the rumen of three lactating Holstein cows fed total mixed rations (45% grass silage, 5% grass hay and 50% concentrate) ad libitum. Decreasing TPL of grass silage (long, medium, short) reduced particles retained on the 19-mm sieve of the Penn State Particle Separator, while particle fractions from 8 mm to 19 mm and smaller than 8 mm were increased. Different ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - June 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Zebeli Q, Tafaj M, Junck B, Mansmann D, Steingass H, Drochner W Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Responses of whole body protein synthesis and degradation to plantain herb in sheep exposed to heat.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An experiment including a [1-(13)C]leucine isotope dilution and a nitrogen balance were carried out to determine the effect of feeding plantain herb (Plantago lanceolata L.) on whole body protein synthesis (WBPS) and degradation in sheep kept at thermoneutral temperature (20 degrees C) or exposed to heat (30 degrees C). The animals were fed either mixed hay of orchardgrass and reed canarygrass (Hay-diet) or Hay-diet and plantain (9:1) (PL-diet) at maintenance level using a crossover design. Nitrogen intake was higher (p < 0.0001) for the Hay-diet than for the PL-diet, but N balance remained similar between diets and...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - June 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Al-Mamuna M, Hanai Y, Tanaka C, Tamura Y, Sano H Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

The influence of an increased cobalt supply on ruminal parameters and microbial vitamin B12 synthesis in the rumen of dairy cows.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of an elevated dietary cobalt supply to dairy cows on rumen fermentation parameters and microbial vitamin B12 synthesis in the rumen. Five lactating dairy cows fitted with a ruminal and a duodenal cannula were subsequently fed either a ration containing only the native cobalt content (0.17 mg Co/ kg DM) or a ration supplemented with cobalt sulphate (0.29 mg Co/kg DM). The pH-value, the ammonia concentration as well as the concentration and the molar proportions of short chain fatty acids in the rumen were not significantly influenced by feeding the ration with the higher ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - June 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Stemme K, Lebzien P, Flachowsky G, Scholz H Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Methionine, folic acid and vitamin B12 in growing-finishing pigs: impact on growth performance and meat quality.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Growth performance, metabolic variables, and meat quality were measured in 78 growing-finishing pigs using supplements of 0 (C), or 0.2% of DL-methionine (M), and three combinations of folic acid [mg/kg] and cyanocobalamin [microg/kg], respectively 0 and 0 (V0), 10 and 25 (V1), and 10 and 150 (V2) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Feed conversion was lower (p = 0.05) in M than in C pigs during the growing period (0-4 weeks). Both V1 and V2 treatments increased plasma vitamin B12 (p < 0.01) and decreased plasma homocysteine (p < 0.01). Plasma 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolates were the lowest, highest and intermediate in ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - June 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Giguére A, Girard CL, Matte JJ Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Lysine maintenance requirement and efficiency of its utilisation in young pigs as estimated by comparative slaughter technique.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An experiment was carried out on weaner pigs (initial BW 10.8 kg) to estimate the maintenance requirement for lysine (Lys) and its marginal efficiency of utilisation using a comparative slaughter technique. Three groups of six pigs each were fed purified diets for 21 days supplying Lys at 19.5, 78 or 195 mg/kg W0.75, which corresponded to 50, 200 or 500% of the assumed maintenance requirement. All other essential amino acids were given at 50% excess. At the end of the experiment, pigs were killed for whole-body nitrogen (N) and amino acid analysis. A representative group of six pigs was analysed at the beginning of the...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - June 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Heger J, Patrás P, Nitrayová S, Karcol J, Dolesová P Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Precaecal and postileal metabolism of P, Ca and N in pigs as affected by different carbohydrate sources fed at low level of P intake.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Three different carbohydrate sources (cellulose on wood basis, maize starch and apple pectin) in combination with a low phosphorus (P) basal diet were fed to eight pigs fitted with single ileum-T-cannulas in a balance trial. The effects on net disappearance of dry matter, N, P and Ca as well as phytate (IP6) degradation in the intestine were studied. A basal diet and three diets supplemented with 25% of one carbohydrate source were applied in three experimental periods following an incomplete Latin Square design. Animals were housed individually in balance crates. After 15 days of adaptation to the diets, five days of ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - June 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Baumgärtel T, Metzler BU, Mosenthin R, Greiner R, Rodehutscord M Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency from end of gestation to weaning on the growth and haematological and immunological parameters in mouse dams and offspring.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, maternal vitamin B12 deficiency from end of gestation to weaning was evaluated in mouse dams, which was provoked by feeding a vitamin B12-deficient diet. The animals were divided into two groups (control and deficient). The control group received the vitamin B12-deficient diet supplemented with commercial vitamin B12. Compared to the control, the vitamin B12-deficient dams and their offspring showed a significant decrease of body weight (by 20 and 39%, respectively), serum vitamin B12 concentration (by 61 and 67%, respectively), haematological values as haematocrit (25 and 26%, respectively), and IgA produce...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Molina V, Medici M, Taranto MP, Font de Valdez G Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of bovine lactoferrin on the immune system and the intestinal microflora of adult dogs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, bLF seems to alter indices of the cellular immune response and faecal microbial populations of healthy adult dogs. PMID: 18459539 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Hellweg P, Krammer-Lukas S, Strasser A, Zentek J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of insoluble dietary fibre differing in lignin on performance, gut microbiology, and digestibility in weanling piglets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The study aimed to investigate the effects of insoluble dietary fibre differing in lignin content on performance and parameters of gut microbiology in 48 weanling piglets (8.5 kg mean body weight) fed common diets ad libitum. Fibre sources tested were wheat bran (low lignin) and pollen from Chinese Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) as model of fibre rich in lignin, added to diets as follows: no addition (control), 3.0% wheat bran, 1.27% pine pollen and 2.55% pine pollen. In colonic chyme, bacterial colony counts remained unaffected by treatment, but ammonia contents were reduced by fibre additions (up to -38%). The effect...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Schedle K, Plitzner C, Ettle T, Zhao L, Domig KJ, Windisch W Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Response of 40-70 kg barrows and gilts to increasing ideal protein concentrations in the diet.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In Belgium, crossing a hybrid dam with a Piétrain sire leads to a rather lean and meaty fattening pig type. A digestibility trial and a performance trial were carried out to determine protein needs of this pig type. Six experimental diets with increasing protein content were formulated with 0.65-1.25% apparent ileal digestible lysine. The feeds were formulated to the ideal protein composition, with lysine as the reference amino acid. Standardised and apparent digestible amino acid values of the extreme diets were measured in a digestibility trial with four gilts cannulated at the end of the ileum, with an average ...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Warnants N, Millet S, Van Oeckel MJ, De Paepe M, De Brabander DL Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effect of undernutrition in foetal life on energy expenditure during gestation in ewes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, exposure nutrient restriction in early life impairs the ability of ewes to respond to nutritional restriction in terms of energy expenditure of gestation. PMID: 18459536 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kiani A, Chwalibog A, Tygesen MP, Nielsen MO Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of a probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain on feed tolerance in dogs with non-specific dietary sensitivity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain DSM 13241 in dogs with non-specific dietary sensitivity (NSS). Six adult German Shorthair Pointers with NSS consecutively received a control dry diet and the same diet supplemented with the probiotic (6 x 10(6) cfu/g) for 12 weeks each, followed by another control period of four weeks. Frequency of defecations, faecal quality and nutrient digestibility were determined. Faeces were cultured for Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia spp., lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Pascher M, Hellweg P, Khol-Parisini A, Zentek J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of Bacillus cereus var. toyoi as probiotic feed supplement on intestinal transport and barrier function in piglets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the study was to assess the effects of feed supplementation with the probiotic Bacillus cereus var. toyoi on transport and barrier properties of pig jejunum. Sows and their respective piglets were randomly assigned to two feeding groups: a control group and a probiotic group in which the standard diet was supplemented with Bacillus cereus var. toyoi. At the age of 14, 28, 35 and 56 days, 5 piglets per subgroup were killed and tissue samples from the mid jejunum were mounted in conventional Ussing chambers. Absorptive and secretory properties of the jejunum epithelia were assessed by stimulation of Na-coupl...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - April 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Lodemann U, Lorenz BM, Weyrauch KD, Martens H Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Nitrogen excretion in rats on a protein-free diet and during starvation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective was to evaluate the effect of protein withdrawal on minimum nitrogen excretion in urine (UN), corresponding to endogenous UN, during feeding and subsequent starvation periods. The rats fed the protein free-diet had almost the same excretion of urinary N during feeding and starvation (165 and 157 mg/kg W(0.75)), while it was 444 mg/kg W(0.75) in rats previously fed with protein, demonstrating a major influence of protein content in a diet on N excretion during starvation. Consequently, the impact of former protein supply on N losses during starvation ought to be considered when evaluating minimum N requirement...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Chwalibog A, Sawosz E, Niemiec T, Grodzik M, Thorbek G Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Effects of malate supplementation on acid-base balance and productive performance in growing/finishing bull calves fed a high-grain diet.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the time-course and the overall means of serum L-lactate for both groups in both growing and finishing periods (0.44 +/- 0.04 mmol/l and 0.39 +/- 0.02 mmol/l, respectively, for control animal; and 0.54 +/- 0.03 mmol/l and 0.49 +/- 0.01 mmol/l, respectively, for supplemented animals) suggests that malate does not have any beneficial effects in animals fed a diet of similar characteristics to that given in this study. PMID: 18341081 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Castillo C, Benedito JL, Pereira V, Méndez J, Vazquez P, López-Alonso M, Hernández J Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Influence of feeding whole sunflower seed and extruded linseed on production of dairy cows, rumen and plasma constituents, and fatty acid composition of milk.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Holstein cows were fed total mixed rations (TMR) supplemented with protected palm fat (PPF), whole sunflower seed (WSS) or extruded linseed (ELS) for 100 days. Percentage of dietary crude fat was 5.3, 5.1 and 5.1, respectively. Diet had no (p > 0.05) effect on feed intake, milk yield or milk protein content. Percentage of milk fat and yield of fat--corrected milk were significantly increased when diets were supplemented with WSS and ELS. Feeding PPF resulted in the lowest (p < 0.05) ruminal concentration of volatile fatty acids. No significant dietary effect on plasma characteristics was observed. Concentration o...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kudrna V, Marounek M Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals

Late gestational nutrient restriction: effects on ewes' metabolic and homeorhetic adaptation, consequences for lamb birth weight and lactation performance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated the effect of 50% nutrient restriction during the last 6 weeks of gestation on twin-pregnant ewes' plasma glucose, non-esterified fatty acid, beta-hydroxybutyrate, insulin, IGF-1 and leptin concentrations and the effects on lamb birth weight and ewes' lactation performance. Plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations in restricted ewes suggest that maternal tissues were being mobilised. Despite the ewes' adaptations their lambs weighed significantly less at birth. Furthermore, colostrum and milk yields were markedly reduced up until the latest measurement at 3 weeks post partum despite ad libitum acces...
Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition - February 1, 2008 Category: Nutrition Authors: Tygesen MP, Nielsen MO, Nørgaard P, Ranvig H, Harrison AP, Tauson AH Tags: Arch Anim Nutr Source Type: journals