Error monitoring in decision ‐making and timing is disrupted in autism spectrum disorder
This study constitutes a comprehensive exploration of decision‐making and interval timing in ASD as well as the first investigation of error‐monito ring abilities of individuals with ASD regarding their performance in the corresponding domains. We found that children with ASD fared similar to typically developing (TD) children in their first‐order task performance in two‐alternative forced choice perceptual decision‐making and temporal re production tasks as well as the secondary tasks (signal detection and free finger tapping tasks). Yet, they had a deficit in error‐monitoring in both tasks where their accurac...
Source: Autism Research - November 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ceymi Doenyas,
Tuba Mutluer,
Egemen Gen ç,
Fuat Balcı Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Autism is a prenatal disorder: Evidence from late gestation brain overgrowth
This retrospective study aimed to specify the critical period for atypical brain development in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using prenatal and postnatal head growth parameters. The sample consisted of 80 Caucasian, unrelated, idiopathic patients with ASD born after 1995. Fetal ultrasound parameters (head circumference [HC], abdominal circumference, and femur length) were obtained during the second and third trimesters of gestation. HC at birth and postnatal parameters at 12 and 24 months of age were also collected. Head overgrowth, assessed by HC, was highlighted during the second (20 –26 weeks of ame...
Source: Autism Research - November 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Fr éderique Bonnet‐Brilhault,
Toky A. Rajerison,
Christian Paillet,
Marie Guimard‐Brunault,
Agathe Saby,
Laura Ponson,
Gabriele Tripi,
Joëlle Malvy,
Sylvie Roux Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Social difficulties in youth with autism with and without anxiety and ADHD symptoms
Social difficulties inherent to autism spectrum disorder are often linked with co ‐occurring symptoms of anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study sought to examine the relation between such co‐occurring symptoms and social challenges. Parents of adolescents with autism (N = 113) reported upon social challengesvia the social responsiveness scale (SRS) and anxiety and ADHD symptomatologyvia the Child Behavior Checklist. Results revealed differences in SRS scores across co ‐occurring symptom subgroups (Anxiety, ADHD, Both, Neither)—namely, adolescents with autism and anxiety as we...
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Alana J. McVey,
Hillary K. Schiltz,
Angela D. Haendel,
Bridget K. Dolan,
Kirsten S. Willar,
Sheryl S. Pleiss,
Jeffrey S. Karst,
Mary Carlson,
Wendy Krueger,
Christina C. Murphy,
Christina L. Casnar,
Brianna Yund,
Amy Vaughan Van Hecke Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Infections in children with autism spectrum disorder: Study to Explore Early Development (SEED)
Immune system abnormalities have been widely reported among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which may increase the risk of childhood infections. The Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) is a multisite case ‐control study of children aged 30–69 months, born in 2003–2006. Cases are children previously diagnosed and newly identified with ASD enrolled from education and clinical settings. Children with a previously diagnosed non‐ASD developmental condition were included in the developmental delay/ disorder (DD) control group. The population (POP) control group included children randomly sampled from ...
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Katherine R. Sabourin,
Ann Reynolds,
Diana Schendel,
Steven Rosenberg,
Lisa A. Croen,
Jennifer A. Pinto ‐Martin,
Laura A. Schieve,
Craig Newschaffer,
Li‐Ching Lee,
Carolyn DiGuiseppi Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Regression in autism spectrum disorder: Reconciling findings from retrospective and prospective research
The way in which the behavioral manifestations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) emerge in infancy is variable. Regression —loss of previously acquired skills—occurs in a subset of children. However, the etiology and significance of regression remains unclear. Until recently, investigation of regression relied on retrospective report by parents or examination of home videos from early in life. However, home videos a nd retrospective report of the nature and timing of regression, and association with factors such as illness or immunization, is potentially subject to bias. The advent of prospective studies of infant sibl...
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Niamh Pearson,
Tony Charman,
Francesca Happ é,
Patrick F. Bolton,
Fiona S. McEwen Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Aberrant functional connectivity of neural circuits associated with social and sensorimotor deficits in young children with autism spectrum disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical functional integration of brain regions. The vast majority of neuroimaging studies of ASD have focused on older children, adolescents, and adults with the disorder. Very little work has explored whole ‐brain functional connectivity of young children with ASD. Here, we collected resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 58 young children (mean age 4.98 years; 29 with ASD; 29 matched healthy controls [HC]). All children were under sedation during scanning. A functional “co nnectedness” method was first used t...
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Heng Chen,
Jia Wang,
Lucina Q. Uddin,
Xiaomin Wang,
Xiaonan Guo,
Fengmei Lu,
Xujun Duan,
Lijie Wu,
Huafu Chen Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A pilot community ‐based randomized comparison of speech generating devices and the picture exchange communication system for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
This study compared the effectiveness of a free and open ‐source app for teaching social and communicative behavior to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to traditional picture card approaches. Thirty‐five children with ASD were randomized to a picture card or app‐based intervention and both treatment approaches resulted in significant imp rovements in social and communicative behavior. These data indicated that both “high‐tech” and “low‐tech” interventions were effective for improving behavior and that there was not a significant difference between the two approaches. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shawn P. Gilroy,
Geraldine Leader,
Joseph P. McCleery Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Auditory –visual misalignment: A theoretical perspective on vocabulary delays in children with ASD
This article describes a new way of thinking about vocabulary delays in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We suggest that children with ASD may have difficulty learning words because their attention is not tuned in to what is most important for learning, creating a mismatch between what they see and what they hear. This perspective brings together research on different types of attentional differences in people with ASD. It may also help us to understand how language interventions work. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Courtney E. Venker,
Allison Bean,
Sara T. Kover Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
The diagnosis conundrum: Comparison of crowdsourced and expert assessments of toddlers with high and low risk of autism spectrum disorder
As the diagnosis and treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) becomes a greater public health concern, access to professionals and expert assessment becomes increasingly more challenging. Novel techniques to improve efficiency of assessment of young children with social communication concerns are desperately needed to address significant barriers to accessing diagnostic evaluations. Utilizing crowdsourcing technology, we compared ratings by experts and crowdworkers of social communication behaviors in videos of 18 ‐month‐old children. Of note, 563 crowdworkers and 24 expert responses were collected in approximately ...
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Emily Myers,
Wendy L. Stone,
Raphael Bernier,
Thomas Lendvay,
Bryan Comstock,
Charles Cowan Tags: SHORT REPORT Source Type: research
Behavioral inhibition and activation as a modifier process in autism spectrum disorder: Examination of self ‐reported BIS/BAS and alpha EEG asymmetry
This study highlights the importance of considering motivational systems to elucidate individual differences among youth with ASD and working toward the longer term goal of better understan ding differential responses to treatment.Autism Research2018. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryDifferences in the likelihood to avoid (behavioral inhibition system; BIS) or approach (behavioral activation system; BAS) situations are thought to relate to patterns of brain activity (via electroencephalogram asymmetry asymmetry). This study revealed that these tendencies may influence the...
Source: Autism Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Hillary K. Schiltz,
Alana J. McVey,
Alexander Barrington,
Angela D. Haendel,
Bridget K. Dolan,
Kirsten S. Willar,
Sheryl Pleiss,
Jeffrey S. Karst,
Elisabeth Vogt,
Christina C. Murphy,
Kelsey Gonring,
Amy Vaughan Van Hecke Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Bilingual children with autism spectrum disorders: The impact of amount of language exposure on vocabulary and morphological skills at school age
Studies of bilingual children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have focused on early language development using parent report measures. However, the effect of bilingual exposure on more complex linguistic abilities is unknown. In the current study, we examined the impact of amount of language exposure on vocabulary and morphological skills in school ‐aged children with ASD who did not have intellectual disability. Forty‐seven typically developing children and 30 children with ASD with varying exposure to French participated in the study. We investigated the impact of amount of language exposure, nonverbal IQ, age, ...
Source: Autism Research - November 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ana Maria Gonzalez ‐Barrero,
Aparna Nadig Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Results of a RCT on a Transition Support Program for Adults with ASD: Effects on Self ‐Determination and Quality of Life
Few evidence ‐based services exist for people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as they transition into adulthood, particularly those that foster appreciation of one's own goals and strengths. We developed a transition service for adults with ASD (without Intellectual Disability), and conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) focusing on self‐report of Quality of Life and Self‐Determination outcomes. Thirty participants aged 18–29 were randomized to immediate or delayed intervention, with 26 participants analyzed after 4 were lost to follow‐up. Curriculum was tailored to participants' self‐ expressed need...
Source: Autism Research - November 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Aparna Nadig,
Tara Flanagan,
Keeley White,
Sahir Bhatnagar Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
Autism Research,Volume 11, Issue 11, Page 1441-1445, November 2018. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Facial Expression Production in Autism: A Meta ‐Analysis
Autism Research, EarlyView. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - November 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dominic A. Trevisan,
Maureen Hoskyn,
Elina Birmingham Source Type: research
Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom
Autism Research, EarlyView. (Source: Autism Research)
Source: Autism Research - October 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Richard Houghton,
Chuang Liu,
Federico Bolognani Source Type: research
