Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Neural mechanisms of respiratory interoception
Respiratory interoception is one of the internal bodily systems that is comprised of different types of somatic and visceral sensations elicited by different patterns of afferent input and respiratory motor drive mediating multiple respiratory modalities. Respiratory interoception is a complex system, having multiple afferents grouped into afferent clusters and projecting into both discriminative and affective centers that are directly related to the behavioral assessment of breathing. The multi-afferent system provides a spectrum of input that result in the ability to interpret the different types of respiratory intercept...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - April 24, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pei-Ying Sarah Chan, Lu-Yuan Lee, Paul W. Davenport Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Interoceptive signals from the heart and coronary circulation in health and disease
This review considers interoceptive signalling from the heart and coronary circulation. Vagal and cardiac sympathetic afferent sensory nerve endings are distributed throughout the atria, ventricles (mainly left), and coronary artery. A small proportion of cardiac receptors attached to thick myelinated vagal afferents are tonically active during the cardiac cycle. Dependent upon location, these mechanoreceptors detect fluctuations in atrial volume and coronary arterial perfusion. Atrial volume and coronary arterial signals contribute to beat-to-beat feedback control and physiological homeostasis. (Source: Autonomic Neurosci...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - April 23, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jonathan P. Moore Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Anticipating noxious stimulation rather than afferent nociceptive input may evoke pupil asymmetry
Unilateral nociceptive stimulation is associated with subtle signs of pupil asymmetry that may reflect lateralized activity in the locus coeruleus. To explore drivers of this pupil asymmetry, electrical stimuli, delivered alone or 200  ms before or after an acoustic startle stimulus, were administered to one ankle under four experimental conditions: with or without a 1.6 s anticipatory period, or while the forearm ipsilateral or contralateral to the electrical stimulus was heated tonically to induce moderate pain (15 healthy participants in each condition). (Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - April 22, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Peter D. Drummond Source Type: research

Tributyltin (TBT) toxicity: Effects on enteric neuronal plasticity and intestinal barrier of rats' duodenum
Tributyltin (TBT) is a biocide used in the formulation of antifouling paints and it is highly harmful. Despite the ban, the compound persists in the environment, contaminating marine foodstuffs and household products. Therefore, considering the route of exposure to the contaminant, the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) acts as an important barrier against harmful substances and is a potential biomarker for understanding the consequences of these agents. This work aimed to evaluate histological and neuronal alterations in the duodenum of male Wistar rats that received 20  ng/g TBT and 600 ng/g via gavage for 30 consecutive d...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - April 17, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: I.C.C.S. Oliveira, G.P. Marinsek, L.V.B. Correia, R.C.B. da Silva, I.B. Castro, R.B. Mari Source Type: research

Effects of oral administration of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on anxiety-related behaviors and colonic hypercontractility in repeated stress-induced mice
This study aimed to investigate the effects of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on locomotor activity, anxiety-related behaviors, and colonic functions in repeated water avoidance stress. (Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - April 17, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Affan Waemong, Sarunnuch Sattayachiti, Dania Cheaha, Nipaporn Konthapakdee Source Type: research

Voluntary wheel running as a promising strategy to promote autonomic resilience to social stress in females: Vagal tone lies at the heart of the matter
Social stress is a major risk factor for comorbid conditions including cardiovascular disease and depression. While women exhibit 2 –3× the risk for these stress-related conditions compared to men, the mechanisms underlying heightened stress susceptibility among females remain largely unknown. Due to a lack in understanding of the pathophysiology underlying stress-induced comorbidities among women, there has been a significan t challenge in developing effective therapeutics. Recently, a causal role for inflammation has been established in the onset and progression of comorbid cardiovascular disease/depression, with wome...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - April 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Brittany S. Pate, Cora E. Smiley, Evelynn N. Harrington, B. Hunter Bielicki, J. Mark Davis, Lawrence P. Reagan, Claudia A. Grillo, Susan K. Wood Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Localization of sensory nerve terminals containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on striated muscle fibers in the rat esophagus: Evidence for triple innervation via motor endplates
In this study, we examined the localization and origin of CGRP-nerve endings in striated muscles to consider their possible roles in the esophagus regarding triple innervation. (Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - April 12, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hirofumi Kuramoto, Mana Yabe, Ryo Morishita, Ryoichi Yoshimura, Hiroshi Sakamoto Source Type: research

Longitudinal prevalence of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in the idiopathic Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) cohort
Reported orthostatic hypotension (OH) prevalence in Parkinson's disease (PD) varies widely, with few studies evaluating specifically neurogenic-OH (nOH). The ratio of orthostatic heart rate (HR) to systolic blood pressure (SBP) change ( Δ) is a valid screening method to stratify nOH/non-nOH but had minimal epidemiologic application. (Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - March 31, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Paul Beach, J. Lucas McKay Source Type: research

Hepatic interoception in health and disease
The liver is a large organ with crucial functions in metabolism and immune defense, as well as blood homeostasis and detoxification, and it is clearly in bidirectional communication with the brain and rest of the body via both neural and humoral pathways. A host of neural sensory mechanisms have been proposed, but in contrast to the gut-brain axis, details for both the exact site and molecular signaling steps of their peripheral transduction mechanisms are generally lacking. Similarly, knowledge about function-specific sensory and motor components of both vagal and spinal access pathways to the hepatic parenchyma is missin...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - March 29, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hans-Rudolf Berthoud, Heike M ünzberg, Christopher D. Morrison, Winfried L. Neuhuber Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - March 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Small fiber neuropathy in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic orthostatic intolerance and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: A retrospective study
To determine in children, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) patients presenting with Orthostatic Intolerance (OI) or Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) associated with the additional symptoms of neuropathic discomfort (pain, paresthesia and/or allodynia): 1) the incidence of small fiber neuropathy, and 2) assess if there was serologic evidence for an underlying inflammatory or autoimmune state. (Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - March 7, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jeffrey P. Moak, Carolyn B. Ramwell, Heather Gordish-Dressman, Sangeeta D. Sule, Elizabeth Bettini Source Type: research

Vagus nerve stimulation alleviates cardiac dysfunction and inflammatory markers during heart failure in rats
This study aimed to investigate its therapeutic effects on three main components of heart failure: cardiac function, cardiac remodeling and central neuroinflammation using a pressure overload (PO) rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: PO, PO  + VNS, PO + VNS sham, and controls. All rats, except controls, underwent a PO surgery to constrict the thoracic aorta (~50 %) to induce HFrEF. (Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - March 4, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Misty M. Owens, Suman Dalal, Aleksandra Radovic, Luciano Fernandes, Hassan Syed, Mary-Katherine Herndon, Coty Cooper, Krishna Singh, Eric Beaumont Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal dysfunction in the valproic acid induced model of social deficit in rats
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased in incidence over the past several decades, and is associated with a range of co-morbidities including gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunctions including gastroesophageal reflux, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation and/or diarrhea. Several animal models have been used that replicate several aspects of ASD but no single model has been able to replicate the entire disease pathophysiology. In humans, prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) has been identified as a significant risk factor and rodent models have shown that in utero VPA exposure leads to behavioral deficits in offspring...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - February 29, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ashley N. Varley, Kirsteen N. Browning Source Type: research

Assessment of cardiovascular functioning following sport-related concussion: A physiological perspective
There is still much uncertainty surrounding the approach to diagnosing and managing a sport-related concussion (SRC). Neurobiological recovery may extend beyond clinical recovery following SRC, highlighting the need for objective physiological parameters to guide diagnosis and management. With an increased understanding of the connection between the heart and the brain, the utility of assessing cardiovascular functioning following SRC has gained attention. As such, this review focuses on the assessment of cardiovascular parameters in the context of SRC. (Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical)
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - February 23, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chase J. Ellingson, M. Abdullah Shafiq, Cody A. Ellingson, J. Patrick Neary, Payam Dehghani, Jyotpal Singh Source Type: research

Immunohistochemical localization of P2Y12 purinoceptors in the rat carotid body
The present study investigated the localization of the adenosine 5 ′-diphosphate (ADP)-selective P2Y12 purinoreceptors in the rat carotid body using multilabeling immunofluorescence. Punctate immunoreactive products for P2Y12 were distributed in chemoreceptive type I cells immunoreactive to vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) or dopamine beta-hydroxylase, but not in S100B-immunoreactive glial-like type II cells. P2Y12 immunoreactivity was localized in cell clusters containing VNUT-immunoreactive type I cells surrounded by the perinuclear cytoplasm and cytoplasmic processes of type II cells immunoreactive for ectonucl...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - February 23, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Takuya Yokoyama, Tomoyuki Saino, Nobuaki Nakamuta, Yoshio Yamamoto Source Type: research