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In vivo administration of BL-3050: highly stable engineered PON1-HDL complexesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Serum paraoxonase (PON1) is a high density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme involved in organophosphate (OP) degradation and prevention of atherosclerosis. PON1 comprises a potential candidate for in vivo therapeutics, as an anti-atherogenic agent, and for detoxification of pesticides and nerve agents. Because human PON1 exhibits limited stability, engineered, recombinant PON1 (rePON1) variants that were designed for higher reactivity, solubility, stability, and bacterial expression, are candidates for treatment. This work addresses the feasibility of in vivo administration of rePON1, and its HDL complex, as...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - November 17, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Leonid GaidukovDganit BarShiri YacobsonEsmira NaftaliOlga KaufmanRinat TabakmanDan TawfikEtgar Levy-Nissenbaum Source Type: journals

Safety and Efficacy of Oral DMSA Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Part A - Medical ResultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Overall, DMSA therapy seems to be reasonably safe, effective in removing several toxic metals (especially lead), dramatically effective in normalizing RBC glutathione, and effective in normalizing platelet counts. Only 1 round (3 days) was sufficient to improve glutathione and platelets. Additional rounds increased excretion of toxic metals. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 22, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: James AdamsMatthew BaralElizabeth GeisJessica MitchellJulie IngramAndrea HensleyIrene ZappiaSanford NewmarkEva GehnRobert RubinKen MitchellJeff BradstreetJane El-Dahr Source Type: journals

Safety and Efficacy of Oral DMSA Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Part B - Behavioral ResultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the effects of oral dimercapto succinic acid (DMSA) therapy on the behavioural symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) ages 3-8 years. Methods: Phase 1 involved 65 children with ASD who received one round of DMSA (3 days). Participants who had high urinary excretion of toxic metals were selected to continue on to phase 2. In phase 2, 49 participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind design to receive an additional 6 rounds of either DMSA or placebo. Results: The groups receiving one round and seven rounds of DMSA had significant improvements on all the assessment measures. T...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 22, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: James AdamsMatthew BaralElizabeth GeisJessica MitchellJulie IngramAndrea HensleyIrene ZappiaSanford NewmarkEva GehnRobert RubinKen MitchellJeff BradstreetJane El-Dahr Source Type: journals

Evaluation of risk factor management of patients treated on an internal nephrology ward: a pilot study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Risk factor treatment needs optimisation. Risk factor management, systematic medication reviews, and screening for and management of potential drug-drug interactions deserve great attention. Clinical pharmacy services could help in the achievement of treatment goals. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 5, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gunar StemerSonja ZehetmayerRosa Lemmens-Gruber Source Type: journals

Perceptions of doctors to adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital in Lagos, NigeriaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The knowledge of ADRs and how to report them are inadequate among doctors working in a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. More awareness should be created on the Yellow Card reporting scheme. Continuous medical education, training and integration of ADR reporting into the clinical activities of the doctors would likely improve reporting. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - August 10, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kazeem OshikoyaJacob Awobusuyi Source Type: journals

A Phase 1 Trial of pharmacologic interactions between transdermal selegiline and a 4-hour cocaine infusionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: No pharmacological interaction occurred between selegiline and a substantial dose of intravenous cocaine, suggesting the combination will be safe in pharmacotherapy trials. Selegiline produced few changes in subjective response to the cocaine challenge perhaps because of some psychoactive neurotransmitters changing in opposite directions. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - July 31, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Debra HarrisThomas EverhartPeyton JacobEmil LinJohn MendelsonReese Jones Source Type: journals

Effect of buspirone on thermal sensory and pain thresholds in human volunteersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Buspirone in the maximal recommended dose was without significant effect on thermal pain. However, as it is only a partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor and also acts on other receptor types, the negative results of the present study do not rule out a possible analgesic effect of more specific 5-HT1A receptor agonists. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - May 29, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Goran PavlakovicJulija TiggesThomas Crozier Source Type: journals

Dispensed drugs and multiple medications in the Swedish population: an individual-based register studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Multiple medications is a well-known potential risk factor in terms of patient's health. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of dispensed drugs and multiple medications in an entire national population, by using individual based data on dispensed drugs. Methods: Analyses of all dispensed out-patient prescriptions in 2006 from the Swedish prescribed drug register. As a cut-off for multiple medications, we applied five or more different drugs dispensed (DP[greater than or equal to]5) at Swedish pharmacies for a single individual during a 3-month, a 6-month, and a 12-month study period. For...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - May 27, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Bo HovstadiusBengt AstrandGoran Petersson Source Type: journals

Bioequivalence of HX575 (recombinant human epoetin alfa) and a comparator epoetin alfa after multiple intravenous administrations: an open-label randomised controlled trialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: HX575 and the comparator epoetin alfa were bioequivalent at steady state circulating drug concentrations with respect to their pharmacokinetic profile and pharmacodynamic action. This supports the conclusion that HX575 and the comparator epoetin alfa, when administered intraveneously, will be equally efficacious and may be interchangeable as therapy. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - May 22, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fritz SorgelUrsula Thyroff-FriesingerAndrea VetterBernhard Vens-CappellMartina Kinzig Source Type: journals

Errors and omissions in hospital prescriptions: a survey of prescription writing in a hospitalEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The Intensive Care Section performed best as far as quality of prescription writing was concerned when compared with the Medical and Surgical Sections. Nevertheless the overall illegibility and incompleteness (above 20%) are unacceptably high. Values need to be improved by enhancing the safety culture and in particular the awareness of the professionals on the consequences that a bad prescription writing can produce. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - May 13, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Laura Calligaris, Angela Panzera, Luca Arnoldo, Carla Londero, Rosanna Quattrin, Maria G Troncon and Silvio Brusaferro Source Type: journals

The frequency of adverse drug reaction related admissions according to method of detection, admission urgency and medical department specialtyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: ADRs cause 5.8% of admissions in medical departments in the primary city and tertiary referral hospital. The physicians recognise certain ADR related admissions according to WHO causality criteria and note them in medical records, but they rarely code and report ADRs. The established frequency of ADR related admissions depends on the detection method, department specialty and frequency of urgently admitted patients. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - May 4, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Miran Brvar, Nina Fokter, Matjaz Bunc and Martin Mozina Source Type: journals

Fatal drug poisonings in a Swedish general populationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Fatal drug poisonings is a relatively common cause of death in Sweden. By using multiple sources of information when investigating the proportion of fatal poisonings in a population, more accurate estimates may be obtained. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - April 27, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Anna K Jonsson, Olav Spigset, Micaela Tjaderborn, Henrik Druid and Staffan Hagg Source Type: journals

Effects of simvastatin 40mg daily on muscle and liver adverse effects in a 5-year randomized placebo-controlled trial in 20,536 high-risk peopleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Simvastatin reduces cardiovascular mortality and morbidity but, as with other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, can cause significant muscle toxicity and has been associated with elevations of liver transaminases. Methods: Muscle and liver adverse effects of simvastatin 40mg daily were evaluated in a randomized placebo-controlled trial involving 20,536 UK patients with vascular disease or diabetes (in which a substantial reduction of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity has previously been demonstrated). Results: The excess incidence of myopathy in the simvastatin group was (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - March 31, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group (mrc/bhf hpscg) Source Type: journals

Methanol poisoning and long term sequelae - a six years follow-up after a large methanol outbreakEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: All sequelae were still present six years after the initial poisoning suggesting that these were irreversible damages. On follow-up, apparently new neurological and visual complications were identified in 36% and 36%, respectively. 35% of the patients initially discharged with sequelae and 29% discharged without were dead six years later; 27% of them from alcohol intoxication. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - March 27, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Raido Paasma, Knut Erik Hovda and Dag Jacobsen Source Type: journals

Information about ADRs explored by pharmacovigilance approaches: a qualitative review of studies on antibiotics, SSRIs and NSAIDsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Although the drugs were launched in different decades, approaches to the ADR studies were similar for all three therapeutic cases: antibiotics, NSAIDs and SSRIs. Both descriptive and analytical designs were applied. Despite the fact that analytical studies rank higher in the evidence hierarchy, only the lower ranking descriptive case reports/spontaneous reports provided information about new and previously undetected ADRs. This review underscores the importance of systems for spontaneous reporting of ADRs. Therefore, spontaneous reporting should be encouraged further and the information in ADR databases should ...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - March 3, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lise Aagaard and Ebba Holme Hansen Source Type: journals

Clinical outcomes and kinetics of propanil following acute self-poisoning: a prospective case seriesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Propanil is the most lethal herbicide in Sri Lanka after paraquat. Methylene blue was largely prescribed in low doses and administered as intermittent boluses which are expected to be suboptimal given the kinetics of methylene blue, propanil and the DCA metabolite. But in the absence of controlled studies the efficacy of these and other treatments is poorly defined. More research is required into the optimal management of acute propanil poisoning. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - February 16, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Darren M Roberts, Renate Heilmair, Nick A Buckley, Andrew H Dawson, Mohamed Fahim, Michael Eddleston and Peter Eyer Source Type: journals

A glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor produced in a novel protein production system (AVI-014) in healthy subjects: a first-in human, single dose, controlled studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: AVI-014 has safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties comparable to filgrastim at an equal dose in healthy volunteers. These findings support further investigation in AVI-014. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - January 28, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Roslyn Varki, Ed Pequignot, Mark C Leavitt, Andres Ferber and Walter K Kraft Source Type: journals

Application of microbiological assay to determine pharmaceutical equivalence of generic intravenous antibioticsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Demonstration of equivalent amounts of the same active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) between generic and innovator products (pharmaceutical equivalence) is a basic requirement of regulatory agencies for intravenous generic drugs prior to clinical use, and constitutes the pivotal point to assume therapeutic equivalence. Physicochemical methods are preferred instead of biological assays to determine concentration of drugs in biological fluids, but it does not permit direct quantification of potency. Here, we report a microbiological assay using large plates designed to determine potency and concentration of pha...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - January 16, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Andres F Zuluaga, Maria Agudelo, Carlos A Rodriguez and Omar Vesga Source Type: journals

Investigation of the diurnal variation in bone resorption for optimal drug delivery and efficacy in osteoporosis with oral calcitoninEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The study suggests that orally administered 0.8 mg of salmon calcitonin was effective in suppression of serum CTX irrespective of time of dosing. The pre-dinner dosing resulted in optimum efficacy response corresponding to an overall suppression of bone resorption by 25%. Trial registration: NCT00411125 (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - December 4, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Morten A Karsdal, Inger Byrjalsen, Bente J Riis and Claus Christiansen Source Type: journals

Systematic review of dexketoprofen in acute and chronic painEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Dexketoprofen was at least as effective as other NSAIDs and paracetamol/opioid combinations. While adverse event withdrawal was not different between dexketoprofen and comparator analgesics, the different conditions and comparators studies precluded any formal analysis. Exposure was limited, and no conclusions could be drawn about safety in terms of serious adverse events like gastrointestinal bleeding or cardiovascular events. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 31, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: R Andrew Moore and Jodie Barden Source Type: journals

Statins but not fibrates improve the atherogenic to anti-atherogenic lipoprotein particle ratio: a randomized crossover studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Prior studies suggested low density lipoprotein particle (LDLP) size is a predictor of atherosclerosis. Knowledge of effects of lipid lowering drugs on lipoprotein subclasses is useful. We treated subjects with hyperlipidemia sequentially with statins and fibrates, the 2 classes of lipid lowering therapy and studied changes in NMR lipoprotein subclasses. Methods: 35 subjects (21 males; 60+/-12 y) were enrolled in a crossover study. Subjects had baseline lipid profile & apoB. Lipoprotein subclasses, particle numbers and diameters were assessed with NMR spectroscopy. Subjects were randomized to simvastatin 20mg o...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 28, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sammy Y Chan, G.B. John Mancini, Andrew Ignaszewski and Jiri Frohlich Source Type: journals

How often do physicians review medication charts on ward rounds?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The physicians did not review medication charts on all ward rounds and there was considerable variation in how often they did this. There is some evidence that the frequency with which charts are reviewed decreases as the number of patients seen increases. More efforts should be made to encourage regular review of medication charts. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 29, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Khang Li Looi and Peter N Black Source Type: journals

Use of and attitudes towards the prescribing guidelines booklet in primary health care doctorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The prescribing guidelines booklet is frequently used and is generally appreciated, though differences exist between subgroups of users. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 22, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Magnus AB Axelsson, Malin Spetz, Anders Mellen and Susanna M Wallerstedt Source Type: journals

Long-term platinum retention after treatment with cisplatin and oxaliplatinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that plasma platinum levels are related to time, age, dose, GFR, and STS use. Platinum in plasma, probably, represent platinum eliminated from regenerating tissue. Platinum species in pUF were partly present in a reactive form. The effects of the reactivity on long-term consequences of Pt-containing chemotherapy, however, remains to be established. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 17, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Elke EM Brouwers, Alwin DR Huitema, Jos H Beijnen and Jan HM Schellens Source Type: journals

Antihypertensive drug class and impaired fasting glucose: a risk association study among Chinese patients with uncomplicated hypertensionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk of impaired fasting glucose in these groups, and use of thiazides should not in itself deter its use as a first-line antihypertensive agent among ethnic Chinese patients. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 10, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Martin CS Wong, Johnny Y Jiang, Hong Fung, Sian M Griffiths and Stewart W Mercer Source Type: journals

Optimizing bioavailability of oral administration of small peptides through pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters: The effect of water and timing of meal intake on oral delivery of Salmon CalcitoninEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: 0.8 mg sCT with 50 ml of water taken 30 and 60 minutes prior to meal time resulted in optimal pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters. The data suggest that this novel oral formulation may have improved absorption and reduction of bone resorption compared to that of the nasal form. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 9, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Morten A Karsdal, Inger Byrjalsen, Bente J Riis and Claus Christiansen Source Type: journals

The Clinical Pharmacology of Intranasal l-MethamphetamineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Inhaled l-methamphetamine delivered from a non-prescription product produced minimal effects but may be a cardiodepressant. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - July 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: John Mendelson, Dana McGlothlin, Debra S Harris, Elyse Foster, Tom Everhart, Peyton Jacob and Reese Jones Source Type: journals

Evaluation of safe and effective administration of nitrous oxide after a postgraduate training courseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The trainee practitioners provided effective and safe inhalation sedation. This challenges the current French restriction of the 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen premix to the hospital setting. Further emphasis is required on the teaching of behaviour management skills for patients with intellectual disability. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - June 11, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Valérie Collado, Emmanuel Nicolas, Denise Faulks, Corinne Tardieu, Marie-Cécile Manière, Dominique Droz, Peter Onody and Martine Hennequin Source Type: journals

Evaluation of safe and effective administration of nitrous oxide after a postgraduate training course.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The trainee practitioners provided effective and safe inhalation sedation. This challenges the current French restriction of the 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen premix to the hospital setting. Further emphasis is required on the teaching of behaviour management skills for patients with intellectual disability. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - June 11, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Valerie Collado, Emmanuel Nicolas, Denise Faulks, Corinne Tardieu, Marie-cecile Maniere, Dominique Droz, Peter Onody and Martine Hennequin Source Type: journals

Renal safety of zoledronic acid with thalidomide in patients with myeloma: a pharmacokinetic and safety sub-studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: In myeloma patients receiving maintenance therapy, the combination of zoledronic acid and thalidomide appears to confer no additional renal safety risks over zoledronic acid alone. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - March 31, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Andrew Spencer, Andrew Roberts, Nola Kennedy, Christina Ravera, Serge Cremers, Sanela Bilic, Terry Neeman, Michael Copeman, Horst Schran and Kevin Lynch Source Type: journals

Individual case safety reports in children in commonly used drug groups - signal detectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Due to few paediatric drug safety studies, knowledge on risks of drug treatment in children is limited. The knowledge needs to be increased to make proper risk-benefit analyses possible when treating paediatric patients with drugs. The aim of the present study was to investigate drug groups commonly used in children concerning type and frequency of individual case safety reports in children. Methods: Number and type of individual case safety reports in the 30 groups of drugs (5th level ATC-code) most sold (number of defined daily doses) in outpatient treatment to children ( (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - March 17, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gertrud Brunlof, Carina Tukukino and Susanna M Wallerstedt Source Type: journals

Aspects of statin prescribing in Norwegian counties with high, average and low statin consumption - an individual-level prescription database studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Although differences in age-distribution seems to be an important source of variation in statin consumption, it cannot account for the total variation between counties in Norway. Variations in prevalences of use, and treatment intensity in terms of PDD and choice of statin also affect the total consumption. The results in this study seems to correspond to previous findings of more frequent statin use in primary prevention, and more statin users achieving lipid goal in the highest consuming county. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - December 5, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ingeborg Hartz, Solveig Sakshaug, Kari Furu, Anders Engeland, Anne ELISE Eggen, Inger Njolstad and Svetlana Skurtveit Source Type: journals

Antimalarial activity of the anticancer and proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and its analog ZL3BEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The identification of bortezomib and its analog as potent antimalarial drugs will set the stage for the advancement of this class of compounds alone or in combination therapy for treatment of malaria, and emphasize the need for large-scale screens to identify new antimalarials within the library of clinically approved compounds. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 23, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jennifer M Reynolds, Kamal El Bissati, Jens Brandenburg, Arthur Gunzl and Choukri Ben Mamoun Source Type: journals

Influence of an e-mail with a drug information attachment on sales of prescribed drugs: a randomized controlled studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: An e-mail with a drug information attachment may influence sales of prescribed drugs. No difference between different designs of the attachment could be detected. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 18, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Christina Edward, Anders Himmelmann and Susanna M Wallerstedt Source Type: journals

Trends in hospital admissions for adverse drug reactions in England: analysis of national hospital episode statistics 1998-2005Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: ADRs have major public health and economic implications. Our data suggest that national Hospital Episode Statistics in England have recognised limitations and that consequently, admissions associated with adverse drug reactions continue to be under- recorded. External causes of ADR have increased at a greater rate than the increase in total hospital admissions. Improved and more detailed reporting combined with educational interventions to improve the recording of ADRs are needed to accurately monitor the morbidity caused by ADRs and to meaningfully evaluate national initiatives to reduce adverse drug reaction...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 25, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hitesh Patel, Derek Bell, Mariam Molokhia, Janakan Srishanmuganathan, Mitesh Patel, Josip Car and Azeem Majeed Source Type: journals

Evaluation of the prevalence and economic burden of adverse drug reactions presenting to the medical emergency department of a tertiary referral centre: a prospective studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The study shows that ADRs leading to hospitalization are frequent and constitute a significant economic burden. Training of patients and prescribers may lead to a reduction in hospitalization due to avoidable ADRs and thus lessen their economic burden. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - July 28, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: K J Patel, M S Kedia, D Bajpai, S S Mehta, N A Kshirsagar and N J Gogtay Source Type: journals

Expression of thymidine phosphorylase in peripheral blood cells of breast cancer patients is not increased by paclitaxelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: TP in peripheral mononuclear blood cells was hardly regulated under therapy with paclitaxel. Therefore, no further increase in haematotoxicity due to TP upregulation is expected from combination therapy of taxanes and capecitabine. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - July 18, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Rupert Bartsch, Guenther G Steger, Birgit Forstner, Catharina Wenzel, Ursula Pluschnig, Blanka Rizosvksi, Gabriela Altorjai, Christoph C Zielinski and Robert M Mader Source Type: journals

Phenotype-genotype analysis of CYP2C19 in Colombian mestizo individualsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The frequency of poor metabolizers (1.1%) in the Colombian mestizos included in this study is similar to that in Bolivian mestizos (1%) but lower than in Mexican-Americans (3.2%), West Mexicans (6%), Caucasians (5%) and African Americans (5.4%). The results of this study will be useful for drug dosage recommendations in Colombian mestizos. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - July 11, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Carlos Isaza, Julieta Henao, Jose H Isaza Martinez, Juan C Sepulveda Arias and Leonardo Beltran Source Type: journals

Methadone vs. buprenorphine/naloxone during early opioid substitution treatment: a naturalistic comparison of cognitive performance relative to healthy controlsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Deficits in attention may only be present in methadone-treated early phase OST patients and may be dose-dependent. Working memory deficit is common in both patient groups. Verbal memory deficit may be more pronounced in methadone-treated patients than in buprenorphine/naloxone-treated patients. In sum, to preserve cognitive function in early OST, the use of buprenorphine/naloxone may be more preferable to methadone use of, at least if buprenorphine has been recently abused and when benzodiazepine comedication is used. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate if the better performance of buprenorphine/nal...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - June 12, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Pekka Rapeli, Carola Fabritius, Hannu Alho, Mikko Salaspuro, Kristian Wahlbeck and Hely Kalska Source Type: journals

Does atenolol differ from other β-adrenergic blockers?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Taken together with the other observations of differences in effects, we conclude that the claim that all β-adrenergic blockers are inferior drugs for hypertensive patients should be rejected. Atenolol is not representative of the β-adrenergic blocker class of drugs as a whole and is thus not a suitable drug for comparisons with other antihypertensive drugs in terms of effect. The non-atenolol β-adrenergic blockers should thus continue to be fundamental in antihypertensive drug treatments. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - May 8, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ivar Aursnes, Jan-Bjørn Osnes, Ingunn Fride Tvete, Jørund Gåsemyr and Bent Natvig Source Type: journals

Pharmacokinetic profile of a 24-hour controlled-release OROS(R)formulation of hydromorphone in the presence and absence of foodEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Standard bioavailability measures show minimal effect of food on the bioavailability of hydromorphone from OROS(r) hydromorphone. Naltrexone co-administration results in a slight increase in the rate of absorption but not the extent of absorption. Trial Registration: Clinical Trials.gov NCT00399295 (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - February 2, 2007 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gayatri Sathyan, Emily Xu, John Thipphawong and Suneel K Gupta Source Type: journals

Evaluation of the activity of CYP2C19 in Gujrati and Marwadi subjects living in Mumbai (Bombay)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: A genotyping evaluation would better help in identifying population specific genotypes and thus help individualize drug therapy. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 24, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tanmay S Panchabhai, Shaun F Noronha, Sanish Davis, Vishal M Shinde, Nilima A Kshirsagar and Nithya J Gogtay Source Type: journals

Finasteride-induced depression : A prospective studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Finasteride is a competitive inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase enzyme, and is used for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia. Animal studies have shown that finasteride might induce behavioral changes. Additionally, some cases of finasteride-induced depression have been reported in humans. The purpose of this study was to examine whether depressive symptoms or anxiety might be induced by finasteride administration. Methods: One hundred and twenty eight men with androgenetic alopecia, who were prescribed finasteride (1mg/day) were enrolled in this study. Information on depressed mood a...
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 7, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Babak Rahimi-Ardabili, Ramin Pourandarjani, Peiman Habibollahi and Amir Mualeki Source Type: journals

Finasteride induced depression: a prospective studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that finasteride might induce depressive symptoms; therefore this medication should be prescribed cautiously for patients with high risk of depression. It seems that further studies would be necessary to determine behavioral effects of this medication in higher doses and in more susceptible patients. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - October 7, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Babak Rahimi-Ardabili, Ramin Pourandarjani, Peiman Habibollahi and Amir Mualeki Source Type: journals

Accumulation of the solvent vehicle sulphobutylether beta cyclodextrin sodium in critically ill patients treated with intravenous voriconazole under renal replacement therapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The present data indicate an accumulation of sulphobutylether beta cyclodextrin sodium in patients treated with intravenous voriconazole and dialysis therapy. Fortunately, no toxic effects were observed, although the accumulated dose values were lower but comparable with those used in previous toxicity studies with animals. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - September 18, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Marc A von Mach, Jurgen Burhenne and Ludwig S Weilemann Source Type: journals

Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) after oral administration to healthy volunteersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: We present the first systematic pharmacokinetic analysis of compounds derived from maritime pine bark extract. Beyond the known constituents and metabolites we uncovered the plasma time courses of ten unknown compounds. In concert with our previous detection of anti-inflammatory bioefficacy of these plasma samples ex vivo we suggest that constituents and metabolites of Pycnogenol bear potential for disclosure of novel active principles. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - August 3, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tanja Grimm, Roswitha Skrabala, Zuzana Chovanova, Jana Muchova, Katarina Sumegova, Anna Liptakova, Zdenka Durackova and Petra Hogger Source Type: journals

Serum sickness-like reaction associated with cefazolinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Serum sickness-like reaction may be associated with cefazolin therapy. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - February 23, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Michael Brucculeri, Marian Charlton and David Serur Source Type: journals

High sensitivity assays for docetaxel and paclitaxel in plasma using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: We have developed an HPLC method using UV detection capable of quantifying 1 nM of docetaxel in plasma samples. The method should be useful for pharmacokinetic determinations at all relevant doses of docetaxel. Using a similar methodology paclitaxel can be quantified down to a concentration of 1.2 nM in plasma with acceptable accuracy and precision. We further demonstrate that the previously reported negative influence of Cremophor EL on assay performance may be overcome by degradation of the detergent by incubation with lipase. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - January 13, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Anders Andersen, David J Warren, Paal F Brunsvig, Steinar Aamdal, Gunnar B Kristensen and Harald Olsen Source Type: journals

Human physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for ACE inhibitors: ramipril and ramiprilatEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: If the in vitro plasma binding kinetics of the ACE inhibitor for the two binding sites are known, a unique PBPK model description of the Griensven et. al. experimental data can be obtained. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - January 6, 2006 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: David G Levitt and Rik C Schoemaker Source Type: journals

Pharmacovigilance program to monitor adverse reactions of recombinant streptokinase in acute myocardial infarctionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Recombinant SK was associated with a similar post-marketing safety profile to those suggested in previous clinical trials. (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology - November 2, 2005 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Blas Y Betancourt, María A Marrero-Miragaya, Giset Jiménez-López, Carmen Valenzuela-Silva, Elizeth García-Iglesias, Francisco Hernández-Bernal, Francisco Debesa-García, Tania González-López, Leovaldo Alvarez-Falcón, Pedro A López-Saura and the C Source Type: journals