BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Characterization, number, and spatial organization of nerve fibers in the human cervical vagus nerve and its superior cardiac branch
We examined the neuroanatomy of the mid-cervical segment of the human VN and its superior cardiac branch to gain insight into the side effects of VN stimulation and aid in developing targeted stimulation strategies. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 24, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Bettina Kronsteiner, Genova Carrero-Rojas, Lukas F. Reissig, Atieh Seyedian Moghaddam, Karoline M. Schwendt, Sylvia Gerges, Udo Maierhofer, Oskar C. Aszmann, Angel M. Pastor, Attila Kiss, Bruno K. Podesser, Wolfgang Birkfellner, Francesco Moscato, Roland Source Type: research

ITRUSST consensus on standardised reporting for transcranial ultrasound stimulation
As transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) advances as a precise, non-invasive neuromodulatory method, there is a need for consistent reporting standards to enable comparison and reproducibility across studies. To this end, the International Transcranial Ultrasonic Stimulation Safety and Standards Consortium (ITRUSST) formed a subcommittee of experts across several domains to review and suggest standardised reporting parameters for low intensity TUS, resulting in the guide presented here. The scope of the guide is limited to reporting the ultrasound aspects of a study. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, an...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 24, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Eleanor Martin, Jean-Fran çois Aubry, Mark Schafer, Lennart Verhagen, Bradley Treeby, Kim Butts Pauly Source Type: research

Reduced VR Motion Sickness by Applying Random-phase Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation to the Left Parietal Cortex
With the increasing spread of consumer-friendly VR headsets in our daily life, VR motion sickness (VRMS) is approximately affecting 40-70% of the VR users [1]. Although brain stimulation-based VRMS mitigation techniques exist [2], it is still unclear whether the mitigated VRMS symptoms in these previous studies could be observed in an online manner. In other words, whether or not reduced VRMS could be perceived while tACS was applied concurrently with the VR environment. Furthermore, the true attribution of mitigated VRMS symptoms to targeted brain interventions or other factors, such as the side effects of brain stimulati...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 24, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Gang Li, Theodore Zanto Source Type: research

Dietary tyrosine consumption modulates the effects of tDCS, but not tRNS, on planning behaviour
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) holds great promise for alleviating various diseases and enhancing cognitive function. Despite its potential, contradictory findings remain prevalent in the field due to a combination of methodological (1) and interindividual factors. A decade of diverse research methodologies has consistently shown that variations in dopaminergic (DA) activity, specifically within the realm of executive function (EF), can predict the direction of tDCS effects on EF (2 –5). (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 19, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Oliver Buck, Tenielle Found, Rachel Weldon, Lee Wei Lim, Luca Aquili Source Type: research

Vagus Nerve Stimulation enhances remyelination and decreases innate neuroinflammation in lysolecithin-induced demyelination.
Current treatments for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) poorly address chronic innate neuroinflammation nor do they offer effective remyelination. The vagus nerve has a strong regulatory role in inflammation and Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has potential to affect both neuroinflammation and remyelination in MS. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 19, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Helen Bachmann, Boris Vandemoortele, Vanessa Vermeirssen, Evelien Carrette, Kristl Vonck, Paul Boon, Robrecht Raedt, Guy Laureys Source Type: research

NonInvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (VANQUISH): a Randomized Safety and Feasibility Study
Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) typically presents with severe thunderclap headache, often described as the “worst headache of life”. The vast majority of patients (90%) have persistent severe headache while in the intensive care unit [1] and more than a third continue to have this headache for years following cerebral insult, which adversely affects their quality of life [2]. Currently, there is lack of effective treatments or guidelines, and the data evaluating the efficacy of analgesic medications for these patients is scarce. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Tania Rebeiz, Tagir Sabirov, Timothy G. White, David Ledoux, Jung-min Kim, Donna Kerner, Betsy Moclair, Amanda Lin, Shahab Khazanehdari, Aashish Patel, Heustein Sy, Marc S. Ayoub, Bensam Benziger, Kenia Samuel, Krista Lim-hing, Celine Rahman DeMatteo, Ric Source Type: research

Depressive symptom trajectories with prolonged rTMS treatment
A prolonged repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment course could be beneficial for some patients experiencing major depressive episodes (MDE). We identified trajectories of rTMS response in depressive patients who received an extended rTMS treatment course and sought to determine which trajectories achieved the greatest benefit with a prolonged treatment course. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiao Chen, Daniel M. Blumberger, Jonathan Downar, Victoria J. Middleton, Naima Monira, Jennifer Bowman, Joseph Kriske, John Kriske, Nancy Donachie, Tyler S. Kaster Source Type: research

Breakdown of effective information flow in disorders of consciousness: Insights from TMS-EEG
The complexity of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying human consciousness is widely acknowledged, with information processing and flow originating in cortex conceived as a core mechanism of consciousness emergence. Combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is considered as a promising technique to understand the effective information flow associated with consciousness. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Yang Bai, Li Yang, Xiangqiang Meng, Ying Huang, Qijun Wang, Anjuan Gong, Zhen Feng, Ulf Ziemann Source Type: research

Auditory cues modulate the short timescale dynamics of STN activity during stepping in Parkinson ’s disease.
Gait impairment has a major impact on quality of life in patients with Parkinson ’s disease (PD). It is believed that basal ganglia oscillatory activity at β frequencies (15-30 Hz) may contribute to gait impairment, but the precise dynamics of this oscillatory activity during gait remain unclear. Additionally, auditory cues are known to lead to improvements in gait kinematics in PD. If the neurophysiological mechanisms of this cueing effect were better understood they could be leveraged to treat gait impairments using adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation (aDBS) technologies. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, ...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 16, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Chien-Hung Yeh, Yifan Xu, Wenbin Shi, James J. Fitzgerald, Alexander L. Green, Petra Fischer, Huiling Tan, Ashwini Oswal Source Type: research

Letter to the editor: ACES: Automated Correlation of Electric field strength and Stimulation effects for non-invasive brain stimulation
Multiple sources of (protocol, inter-individual) variability contribute to the limited reliability of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) findings1. Meta-analytical techniques could potentially even out such variability, but are hampered by the large parameter space involved2. Wischnewski and colleauges3 recently proposed a partial solution, suggesting a novel approach to aggregate transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies using various montages and stimulation parameters. They simulated the electric field in a common head model using SimNIBS4, an open source software which allows the user to model the field...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 15, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Kris Baetens, Sybren Van Hoornweder, Taylor A. Berger, Miles Wischnewski Source Type: research

Transcranial electric stimulation modulates firing rate at clinically relevant intensities
Notwithstanding advances with low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), there remain questions about the efficacy of clinically realistic electric fields on neuronal function. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 15, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Forouzan Farahani, Niranjan Khadka, Lucas C. Parra, Marom Bikson, Mih ály Vöröslakos Source Type: research

The effect of Transcranial Ultrasound Pulse Repetition Frequency on Sustained Inhibition in the Human Primary Motor Cortex: A Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation hold promise for inducing brain plasticity. However, their limited precision may hamper certain applications. In contrast, Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation (TUS), known for its precision and deep brain targeting capabilities, requires further investigation to establish its efficacy in producing enduring effects for treating neurological and psychiatric disorders. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 13, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Ali K.Zadeh, Hrishikesh Raghuram, Shirshak Shrestha, Mekale Kibreab, Iris Kathol, Davide Martino, G. Bruce Pike, Samuel Pichardo, Oury Monchi Source Type: research

Intensity-dependent effects of tDCS on motor learning are related to dopamine
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), are popular methods for inducing neuroplastic changes to alter cognition and behaviour. One challenge for the field is to optimise stimulation protocols to maximise benefits. For this to happen, we need a better understanding of how stimulation modulates cortical functioning/behaviour. To date, there is increasing evidence for a dose-response relationship between tDCS and brain excitability, however how this relates to behaviour is not well understood. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 9, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Li-Ann Leow, Jiaqin Jiang, Samantha Bowers, Yuhan Zhang, Paul E. Dux, Hannah L. Filmer Source Type: research

Does vibrotactile stimulation of the auricular vagus nerve enhance working memory? A behavioral and physiological investigation
Working memory is essential to a wide range of cognitive functions and activities. Transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) is a promising method to improve working memory performance. However, the feasibility and scalability of electrical stimulation are constrained by several limitations, such as auricular discomfort and inconsistent electrical contact. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 6, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Gansheng Tan, Josh Adams, Kara Donovan, Phillip Demarest, Jon T. Willie, Peter Brunner, Jenna L. Gorlewicz, Eric C. Leuthardt Source Type: research

Robotic –electronic platform for autonomous and accurate transcranial magnetic stimulation targeting
Dear Editor, to improve the safety and efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, we need to embrace automation and precise targeting of cortical structures. Multi-locus transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) enables the stimulation of nearby cortical regions electronically, without physically moving the coil set [1 –3]. This technology opens the possibility to engage with local cortical networks at millisecond and millimeter scales and to create automated closed-loop mapping protocols [4,5]. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 4, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: RenanH. Matsuda, Victor H. Souza, Thais C. Marchetti, Ana M. Soto, Olli-Pekka Kahilakoski, Andrey Zhdanov, VictorH.E. Malheiro, Mikael Laine, Mikko Nyrhinen, Heikki Sinisalo, Dubravko Kicic, Pantelis Lioumis, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Oswaldo Baffa Source Type: research