Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications
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Letter to the editor on the retraction of "Velocity of polymer translocation through a pore".
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PMID: 19686700 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications)
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yu Z Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Mutation-induced reinforcement of prestin-expressing cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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The motor protein prestin in cochlear outer hair cells is a member of the solute carrier 26 family, but among the proteins of that family, only prestin can confer the cells with nonlinear capacitance (NLC) and motility. In the present study, to clarify contributions of unique amino acids of prestin, namely, Met-122, Met-225 and Thr-428, to the characteristics of prestin, mutations were introduced into those amino acids. As a result, NLC remained unchanged by both replacement of Met-122 by isoleucine and that of Thr-428 by leucine, suggesting that those amino acids were not important for the generation of NLC. Surprisin...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kumano S, Tan X, He DZ, Iida K, Murakoshi M, Wada H Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Solution structure of the E. coli ribosome hibernation promoting factor HPF: Implications for the relationship between structure and function.Email this article to a colleague.
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The 70S Escherichia coli ribosome dimerizes to form an inactive 100S ribosome during stationary phase, which is called "ribosome hibernation". The hibernation promoting factor HPF plays a crucial role in 100S ribosome formation. However, YfiA, a known paralog of HPF inhibits 100S formation, although it shares high sequence similarity. Here, we report the first solution structure of HPF as determined by multi-dimensional NMR. HPF adopts betaalphabetabetabetaalpha-fold and the overall structure is similar to YfiA as expected. However, detailed structure comparison based on the determined structure in this study revealed ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sato A, Watanabe T, Maki Y, Ueta M, Yoshida H, Ito Y, Wada A, Mishima M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
A role for nuclear translocation of tripeptidyl-peptidase II in reactive oxygen species-dependent DNA damage responses.Email this article to a colleague.
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Responses to DNA damage are influenced by cellular metabolism through the continuous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), of which most are by-products of mitochondrial respiration. ROS have a strong influence on signaling pathways during responses to DNA damage, by relatively unclear mechanisms. Previous reports have shown conflicting data on a possible role for tripeptidyl-peptidase II (TPPII), a large cytosolic peptidase, within the DNA damage response. Here we show that TPPII translocated into the nucleus in a p160-ROCK-dependent fashion in response to gamma-irradiation, and that nuclear expression of TPPII...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Preta G, de Klark R, Glas R Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
DcR3 protects THP-1 macrophages from apoptosis by increasing integrin alpha4.Email this article to a colleague.
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In order to analyze the function of DcR3 for the regulation of cell adhesion and apoptosis in macrophages, we investigated the expression of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) in THP-1 monocytes/macrophages. DcR3 was expressed in THP-1 and increased by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The formation of macrophage aggregates was observed when THP-1 cells were differentiated by PMA or stimulated with DcR3-Fc. Undifferentiated THP-1 cells were also induced to form aggregates by DcR3-Fc. The expression of integrin alpha4 was significantly increased by DcR3-Fc. CHX-induced apoptosis in THP-1 was inhibited by DcR3-Fc, of which inh...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Tateishi K, Miura Y, Hayashi S, Takahashi M, Kurosaka M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
CpcF-dependent regulation of pigmentation and development in Fremyella diplosiphon.Email this article to a colleague.
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Cyanobacteria harvest light for photosynthesis using photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes called phycobilisomes (PBSs). Lyases are enzymes responsible for covalent attachment of light-absorbing chromophores to the phycobiliproteins (PBPs) contained in PBSs. We isolated a pigmentation mutant in the filamentous cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon and determined that it possesses an insertional mutation in cpcF, which encodes one component of a heterodimeric phycocyanin lyase. Here, we discuss the implications of the mutation in cpcF on light-dependent pigmentation and morphology responses characteristic of compleme...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Whitaker MJ, Bordowitz JR, Montgomery BL Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
The plasmodium receptor for activated C kinase protein inhibits Ca(2+) signaling in mammalian cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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Plasmodium falciparum, the most lethal malarial parasite, expresses an ortholog for the protein kinase C (PKC) activator RACK1. However, PKC has not been identified in this parasite, and the mammalian RACK1 can interact with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R). Therefore we investigated whether the Plasmodium ortholog PfRACK also can affect InsP3R-mediated Ca(2+) signaling in mammalian cells. GFP-tagged PfRACK and endogenous RACK1 were expressed in a similar distribution within cells. PfRACK inhibited agonist-induced Ca(2+) signals in cells expressing each isoform of the InsP3R, and this effect persisted...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sartorello R, Amaya MJ, Nathanson MH, Garcia CR Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Cyclic stretch induces cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in vascular endothelial cells via activation of nuclear factor kappa-beta.Email this article to a colleague.
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Vascular endothelial cells respond to biomechanical forces, such as cyclic stretch and shear stress, by altering gene expression. Since endothelial-derived prostanoids, such as prostacyclin and thromboxane A(2), are key mediators of endothelial function, we investigated the effects of cyclic stretch on the expression of genes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells controlling prostanoid synthesis: cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) and thromboxane A(2) synthase (TXAS). COX-2 and TXAS mRNAs were upregulated by cyclic stretch for 24h. In contrast, PGIS mRNA was decreased a...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhao H, Hiroi T, Hansen BS, Rade JJ Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Interaction of Hsp70 with p49/STRAP, a serum response factor binding protein.Email this article to a colleague.
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Members of the Hsp70 protein family must work with other co-chaperones to exert their function. Herein, we identified a new Hsp70 co-chaperone, p49/STRAP, previously shown to interact with serum response factor. We demonstrated that a fraction of p49/STRAP was cytosolic, and that it interacted with the beta-sandwich domain of Hsp70. Although p49/STRAP had little effect on the intrinsic ATPase activity of Hsp70, it reduced the ATP-hydrolytic activity of Hsp70 stimulated by Hsp40, and inhibited the refolding activity of the Hsp70/Hsp40 system. Thus, p49/STRAP can be considered a bona fide co-chaperone of Hsp70.
PMID:...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lin JL, Liu FH, Wang C Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Property of cold inducible DEAD-box RNA helicase in hyperthermophilic archaea.Email this article to a colleague.
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TK0306 (Tk-DeaD) of hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis is annotated as the DEAD-box helicase gene; nevertheless, its ortholog has not been identified in closely related genera, Pyrococcus spp., which generally grow at higher temperature than T. kodakaraensis, suggesting that the cold-inducible RNA helicase of Tk-DeaD functions under cold stress conditions. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that Tk-deaD was more dominantly transcribed at 60 degrees C than at 85 degrees C and 93 degrees C in both logarithmic and stationary phases. Immunoblot analyses revealed that Tk-DeaD was detected only in logarithmic-ph...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shimada Y, Fukuda W, Akada Y, Ishida M, Nakayama J, Imanaka T, Fujiwara S Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Fluorescence probing of T box antiterminator RNA: insights into riboswitch discernment of the tRNA discriminator base.Email this article to a colleague.
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The T box transcription antitermination riboswitch is one of the main regulatory mechanisms utilized by Gram-positive bacteria to regulate genes that are involved in amino acid metabolism. The details of the antitermination event, including the role that Mg(2+) plays, in this riboswitch have not been completely elucidated. In these studies, details of the antitermination event were investigated utilizing 2-aminopurine to monitor structural changes of a model antiterminator RNA when it was bound to model tRNA. Based on the results of these fluorescence studies, the model tRNA binds the model antiterminator RNA via an in...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Means JA, Simson CM, Zhou S, Rachford AA, Rack JJ, Hines JV Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Characterization of the Atg17-Atg29-Atg31 complex specifically required for starvation-induced autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Email this article to a colleague.
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Nutrient starvation induces autophagy to degrade cytoplasmic materials in the vacuole/lysosomes. In the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Atg17, Atg29, and Atg31/Cis1 are specifically required for autophagosome formation by acting as a scaffold complex essential for pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) organization. Here, we show that these proteins constitutively form an Atg17-Atg29-Atg31 ternary complex, in which phosphorylated Atg31 is included. Reconstitution analysis of the ternary complex in E. coli indicates that the three proteins are included in equimolar amounts in the complex. The molecular mass of a monomeric ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kabeya Y, Noda NN, Fujioka Y, Suzuki K, Inagaki F, Ohsumi Y Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
The dsRNA-mimetic poly (I:C) and IL-18 synergize for IFNgamma and TNFalpha expression.Email this article to a colleague.
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Interleukin (IL)-18 bioactivity and dsRNA sensing by receptors of innate immunity are key components of anti-viral host defense. Despite extensive data on signal transduction activated by both pathways knowledge on cross-communication is incomplete. By using human PBMC and predendritic KG1 cells, as prototypic IL-18-responsive cellular models, we sought to assess cytokine production under the influence of IL-18 and the dsRNA-mimetic poly (I:C). Here, we report on potent synergy between both mediators concerning pro-inflammatory IFNgamma and TNFalpha production. KG1 data revealed that synergistic induction likely relied...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Balah A, Akool el-S, Bachmann M, Pfeilschifter J, Mühl H Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Minocycline attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced small intestinal mucositis in mouse model.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study we investigated the effect of this drug on chemotherapy-induced gut damage. Body weight loss results, diarrhea scores, and villi measurements showed that minocycline attenuated the severity of intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Minocycline repressed the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and iNOS, decreased the apoptotic index, and inhibited poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activity in the mouse small intestine. In vitro experiments showed that minocycline suppressed the upregulation of PARP-1 activity in enterocyte IEC-6 cells treated with 5-FU. In addition, minocycline treatment ap...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Huang TY, Chu HC, Lin YL, Ho WH, Hou HS, Chao YC, Liao CL Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Matrix elasticity regulates the secretory profile of human bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs).Email this article to a colleague.
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The therapeutic efficacy of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is attributed to particular MSC-derived cytokines and growth factors. As MSCs are applied locally to target organs or home there after systemic administration, they experience diverse microenvironments that are biochemically and biophysically distinct. Here we use well-defined in vitro conditions to study the impact of substrate elasticity on MSC-derived trophic factors. By varying hydrogel compliance, the elasticity of brain and muscle tissue was mimicked. We screened >90 secreted factors at the protein level, finding a diverse elasticity-depe...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Seib FP, Prewitz M, Werner C, Bornhäuser M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Molecular hydrogen suppresses FcepsilonRI-mediated signal transduction and prevents degranulation of mast cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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Molecular hydrogen ameliorates oxidative stress-associated diseases in animal models. We found that oral intake of hydrogen-rich water abolishes an immediate-type allergic reaction in mice. Using rat RBL-2H3 mast cells, we demonstrated that hydrogen attenuates phosphorylation of the FcepsilonRI-associated Lyn and its downstream signal transduction, which subsequently inhibits the NADPH oxidase activity and reduces the generation of hydrogen peroxide. We also found that inhibition of NADPH oxidase attenuates phosphorylation of Lyn in mast cells, indicating the presence of a feed-forward loop that potentiates the allergi...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Itoh T, Fujita Y, Ito M, Masuda A, Ohno K, Ichihara M, Kojima T, Nozawa Y, Ito M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Structure-function analysis of human protein Ero1-Lalpha.Email this article to a colleague.
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Human Ero1-Lalpha catalyzes the formation of disulfide bond and hence plays an essential role in protein folding. Understanding the mechanism of disulfide bond formation in mammals is important because of the involvement of protein misfolding in conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and aging. However, the crystal structure of the enzyme is not available yet, which seriously hinders the understanding of biological function of Ero1-Lalpha. Based on the crystal structure of yeast Ero1p, a rational three-dimensional structural model of Ero1-Lalpha was built and the characteristics of the enzyme were hence invest...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chu Y, Yang C, Chen X, Zheng W, Yang Y, Tang Y Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
TNFalpha induces HIF-1alpha expression through activation of IKKbeta.Email this article to a colleague.
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The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) is regulated by oxygen availability as well as various inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). Early work suggested that the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are involved in TNFalpha-mediated HIF-1alpha accumulation and activation under normoxic conditions. Here, we provide evidence showing that IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) is required for HIF-1alpha regulation by TNFalpha. We found that TNFalpha enhances HIF-1alpha protein expression in various brea...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kuo HP, Lee DF, Xia W, Wei Y, Hung MC Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Cloning and characterization of the 5'UTR of the rat anti-apoptotic Bcl-w gene.Email this article to a colleague.
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The anti-apoptotic Bcl-w regulator, which is expressed in the developing and mature brain, not only promotes neuronal survival, but also neuronal differentiation. However, its transcriptional regulation remains to be elucidated due to a lack of knowledge of the Bcl-w promoter. Here, we report the mapping and characterization of the rat Bcl-w promoter, which is highly conserved between the human, mouse, and rat species. Using a series of 5' and 3' deletions, we mapped the TATA-less minimal Bcl-w promoter and showed that it is under a combinatorial regulation with the neurogenic bHLH transcription factor NeuroD6 mediatin...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Uittenbogaard M, Baxter KK, Chiaramello A Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Letter of rebuttal and apology to editor on the retraction of "Velocity of polymer translocation through a pore".Email this article to a colleague.
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PMID: 19766593 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications)
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ding K Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Isolation of a novel leptin receptor gene promoter preferentially functioning in neuronal cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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Leptin exerts its metabolic effects by binding to the leptin receptor (Ob-R). In humans, the promoter of the Ob-R gene-related protein (Ob-RGRP) gene and the B219/Ob-R promoter have been speculated to spatially and temporarily regulate Ob-R gene transcription; however, the promoter function of the Ob-R gene has not been directly analyzed. Using 5' rapid amplification of the cDNA end, we isolated novel ob-r transcripts starting from the 3' portions of the B219/ob-r 5'-untranslated region in the adult mouse brain. The proximal promoter containing these start sites showed robust activity in neuron-derived, but not non-neu...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Satoh T, Yoshino S, Katano A, Ishizuka T, Tomaru T, Shibusawa N, Hashimoto K, Yamada M, Mori M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Activin inhibits telomerase activity in cancer.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this report, we demonstrate that recombinant activin-A induces telomerase inhibition in cancer cells. In breast and cervical cancer cells, activin-A resulted in telomerase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Significant inhibition was observed at 10 ng/ml of activin-A, with a near complete inhibition at 80 ng/ml. Consistently, activin-A induced repression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene, with the hTERT gene to be suppressed by 60-80% within 24h. In addition, activin-A induced a concomitant increase in Smad3 signaling and decrease of the hTERT gene promoter activity in a concentration-depen...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Katik I, Mackenzie-Kludas C, Nicholls C, Jiang FX, Zhou S, Li H, Liu JP Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Prostaglandin EP3 receptor superactivates adenylyl cyclase via the Gq/PLC/Ca2+ pathway in a lipid raft-dependent manner.Email this article to a colleague.
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We previously demonstrated that prostaglandin EP3 receptor augments EP2-elicited cAMP formation in COS-7 cells in a G(i/o)-insensitive manner. The purpose of our current study was to identify the signaling pathways involved in EP3-induced augmentation of receptor-stimulated cAMP formation. The enhancing effect of EP3 receptor was irrespective of the C-terminal structure of the EP3 isoform. This EP3 action was abolished by treatment with inhibitors for phospholipase C and intracellular Ca(2+)-related signaling molecules such as U73122, staurosporine, 2-APB and SK&F 96365. Indeed, an EP3 agonist stimulated IP(3) form...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 3, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yamaoka K, Yano A, Kuroiwa K, Morimoto K, Inazumi T, Hatae N, Tabata H, Segi-Nishida E, Tanaka S, Ichikawa A, Sugimoto Y Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
ABIN-1 negatively regulates NF-kappaB by inhibiting processing of the p105 precursor.Email this article to a colleague.
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p105 plays dual roles in NF-kappaB signaling: in its precursor form it inhibits NF-kappaB activation, but limited processing by the ubiquitin system generates the p50 active subunit of the transcription factor. Here we show that ABIN-1, an A20-binding protein that is also known to attenuate NF-kappaB activation, inhibits p105 processing. p105 and ABIN-1 physically interact with one another, but the binding is not necessary for inhibition of processing. Rather, it appears to stabilize ABIN-1 and to increase its level, which further augments its inhibitory effect. Deletion of the processing inhibitory domain (PID) of p10...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cohen S, Ciechanover A, Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y, Lapid D, Lahav-Baratz S Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Free fatty acid-induced muscle insulin resistance and glucose uptake dysfunction: evidence for PKC activation and oxidative stress-activated signaling pathways.Email this article to a colleague.
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In the present study, we examined the effects of free fatty acids (FFAs) on insulin sensitivity and signaling cascades in the C2C12 skeletal muscle cell culture system. Our data clearly manifested that the inhibitory effects of PKC on insulin signaling may at least in part be explained by the serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS-1. Both oleate and palmitate treatment were able to increase the Serine(307) phosphorylation of IRS-1. IRS-1 Serine(307) phosphorylation is inducible which causes the inhibition of IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation by either IkappaB-kinase (IKK) or c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) as seen in our p...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ragheb R, Shanab GM, Medhat AM, Seoudi DM, Adeli K, Fantus IG Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Perivascular gene transfer of dominant-negative N19RhoA attenuates neointimal formation via inhibition of TGF-beta1-Smad2 signaling in rats after carotid artery balloon injury.Email this article to a colleague.
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Phenotypic differentiation of adventitial fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is an essential feature of vascular remodeling. Here, we carried out perivascular gene transfer of dominant-negative N19RhoA to investigate whether antagonism of RhoA signaling attenuates neointimal formation following rat carotid artery balloon injury and alters TGF-beta1-Smad2-induced differentiation of adventitial fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Perivascular delivery of an adenovirus coexpressing dominant-negative N19RhoA and humanized Renilla green fluorescent protein (hrGFP) (Ad-N19RhoA-hrGFP), as demonstrated by hrGFP staining, suppressed neoi...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen W, Chu Y, Zhu D, Yan C, Liu J, Ji K, Gao P Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
The crystal structure of an HSL-homolog EstE5 complex with PMSF reveals a unique configuration that inhibits the nucleophile Ser144 in catalytic triads.Email this article to a colleague.
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The esterase/lipase family (EC 3.1.1.3/EC 3.1.1.1) represents a diverse group of hydrolases that catalyze the cleavage of ester bonds and are widely distributed in animals, plants and microorganisms. Among these enzymes, hormone-sensitive lipases, play a critical role in the regulation of rodent fat cell lipolysis and are regarded as adipose tissue-specific enzymes. Recently, we reported the structural and biological characterization of EstE5 from the metagenome library [K.H. Nam, M.Y. Kim, S.J. Kim, A. Priyadarshi, W.H. Lee, K.Y. Hwang, Structural and functional analysis of a novel EstE5 belonging to the subfamily of ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nam KH, Kim SJ, Priyadarshi A, Kim HS, Hwang KY Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
MafA-deficient and beta cell-specific MafK-overexpressing hybrid transgenic mice develop human-like severe diabetic nephropathy.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we generated hybrid transgenic mice that were MafA-deficient and also over-expressed MafK specifically in beta cells (MafA(-/-)MafK(+)). MafA(-/-)MafK(+) mice developed severe overt diabetes mellitus within 5weeks old, and showed higher levels of proteinuria and serum creatinine. Histological analysis revealed that embryonic development of beta cells in the MafA(-/-)MafK(+) mice was significantly suppressed and the reduced number of beta cells was responsible for the early onset of diabetes. Furthermore, after uninephrectomy, these mice demonstrated three characteristics of human diabetic nephropathy: diffus...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shimohata H, Yoh K, Fujita A, Morito N, Ojima M, Tanaka H, Hirayama K, Kobayashi M, Kudo T, Yamagata K, Takahashi S Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
PLD2 has both enzymatic and cell proliferation-inducing capabilities, that are differentially regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.Email this article to a colleague.
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Phospholipase D2 (PLD2) overexpression in mammalian cells results in cell transformation. We have hypothesized that this is due to an increase of de novo DNA synthesis. We show here that overexpression of PLD2-WT leads to an increased DNA synthesis, as measured by the expression levels of the proliferation markers PCNA, p27(KIP1) and phospho-histone-3. The enhancing effect was even higher with phosphorylation-deficient PLD2-Y179F and PLD2-Y511F mutants. The mechanism for this did not involve the enzymatic activity of the lipase, but, rather, the presence of the protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45, as silencing with siRNA...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Henkels KM, Short S, Peng HJ, Di Fulvio M, Gomez-Cambronero J Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Interaction between LPS-induced NO production and IDO activity in mouse peritoneal cells in the presence of activated Valpha14 NKT cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) markedly increased nitric oxide (NO) production and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity in mouse peritoneal cells in the presence of activated Valpha14 natural killer T cells. Moreover, LPS-induced NO production in peritoneal cells from IDO-knockout (KO) mice was more increased than that from wild-type mice. However, there was no significant difference in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein between the wild-type and IDO-KO mice. No significant difference was also observed in the ratio of CD3- and DX5-positive cells and...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ohtaki H, Ito H, Ando K, Ishikawa T, Hoshi M, Tanaka R, Osawa Y, Yokochi T, Moriwaki H, Saito K, Seishima M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Reduction of a 4q35-encoded nuclear envelope protein in muscle differentiation.Email this article to a colleague.
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Muscular dystrophy and peripheral neuropathy have been linked to mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders remain unresolved. Nuclear envelope protein p19A is a protein of unknown function encoded by a gene at chromosome 4q35. p19A levels are significantly reduced in human muscle as cells differentiate from myoblasts to myotubes; however, its levels are not similarly reduced in all differentiation systems tested. Because 4q35 has been linked to facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and some adjacent genes are reportedly misregulated in th...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ostlund C, Guan T, Figlewicz DA, Hays AP, Worman HJ, Gerace L, Schirmer EC Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
High extracellular glucose inhibits exocytosis through disruption of syntaxin 1A-containing lipid rafts.Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, glucose-mediated inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis perturbs lipid raft stability, resulting in a loss of syntaxin 1A from granule docking sites and inhibition of insulin secretion.
PMID: 19716806 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications)
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Somanath S, Barg S, Marshall C, Silwood CJ, Turner MD Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Nectin-3 expression is elevated in limbal epithelial side population cells with strongly expressed stem cell markers.Email this article to a colleague.
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Corneal epithelial stem cells (CESCs) are essential for maintaining the ocular surface. However, the lack of surface markers for CESCs remains a serious obstacle in the identification of CESCs. Previously, we showed that rabbit limbal epithelial side population (rLE-SP) cells exhibited stem cell phenotypes including increased expression of CD61, a marker for mouse hematopoietic stem cells. Here, we demonstrate that nectin-3, an immunoglobulin-like cell-cell adhesion molecule, is highly expressed in rLE-SP cells. Additionally, nectin-3(+) cells were significantly enriched among CD61(+)rLE-SP cells as compared to CD61(-)...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kusanagi R, Umemoto T, Yamato M, Matsuzaki Y, Nishida K, Kobayashi Y, Fukai F, Okano T Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Expression of a thyroglobulin (Tg) variant in mouse kidney glomerulus.Email this article to a colleague.
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Thyroglobulin (Tg) is an essential substrate for thyroid hormone biosynthesis whose production is primarily limited to the thyroid follicular cell. We have previously identified an approximately 1.2 kb fragment of Tg mRNA in cultured mouse mesangial cells, and in the present study provide evidence showing that this transcript is transcribed and translated into a unique protein (kTg) in the kidney, but not the thyroid gland. Cloning of kTg from a mouse kidney cDNA library showed that transcription starts in the middle of intron 41 of the Tg gene and continues in-frame with the remaining coding sequence of thyroid-derive...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wu H, Suzuki S, Sellitti DF, Doi SQ, Tanigawa K, Aizawa S, Akama T, Kawashima A, Mishima M, Ishii N, Yoshida A, Hisatome I, Koles NL, Katoh R, Suzuki K Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Physiological levels of glutathione enhance Zn(II) binding by a Cys4 zinc finger.Email this article to a colleague.
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Using fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopies and mass spectrometry, we demonstrated that the presence of physiological levels of reduced glutathione enhances the binding of Zn(II) to XPAzf, a Cys4 zinc finger peptide derived from the XPA protein, by means of formation of a ternary complex of a general formula ZnXPAzf[GSH]. Similar complexes were also indicated by ESI-MS for isostructural Co(II)- and Cd(II)-substituted XPAzf. The observed enhancement of the Zn(II) binding to XPAzf by a factor of 50 over the physiological range of GSH concentrations of 1-20 mM corresponds to a dissociation constant of GSH from the ZnXPAz...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Piatek K, Hartwig A, Bal W Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Crystal structure of hydrogenase maturating endopeptidase HycI from Escherichia coli.Email this article to a colleague.
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The maturation of [NiFe]-hydrogenases is a catalyzed process involving the activities of at least seven proteins. The last step consists of the endoproteolytic cleavage of the precursor of the large subunit, after the [NiFe]-metal center has been assembled. The HycI endopeptidase is involved in the C-terminal processing of HycE, the large subunit of hydrogenase 3 from Escherichia coli. Although HycI has been well characterized biochemically, the crystallization of the protein has been quite challenging. Here, we present the crystal structure of HycI at 1.70 A resolution. The crystal structure resembles the recently rep...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kumarevel T, Tanaka T, Bessho Y, Shinkai A, Yokoyama S Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Resistance mechanism revealed by crystal structures of unliganded nelfinavir-resistant HIV-1 protease non-active site mutants N88D and N88S.Email this article to a colleague.
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Nelfinavir is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease, and is used for treatment of patients suffering from HIV/AIDS. However, treatment results in drug resistant mutations in HIV-1 protease. N88D and N88S are two such mutations which occur in the non-active site region of the enzyme. We have determined crystal structures of unliganded N88D and N88S mutants of HIV-1 protease to resolution of 1.65A and 1.8A, respectively. These structures refined against synchrotron data lead to R-factors of 0.1859 and 0.1780, respectively. While structural effects of N88D are very subtle, the mutation N88S has caused a significant conformationa...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bihani SC, Das A, Prashar V, Ferrer JL, Hosur MV Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
MicroRNA-133 regulates the expression of GLUT4 by targeting KLF15 and is involved in metabolic control in cardiac myocytes.Email this article to a colleague.
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GLUT4 shows decreased levels in failing human adult hearts. We speculated that GLUT4 expression in cardiac muscle may be fine-tuned by microRNAs. Forced expression of miR-133 decreased GLUT4 expression and reduced insulin-mediated glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes. A computational miRNA target prediction algorithm showed that KLF15 is one of the targets of miR-133. It was confirmed that over-expression of miR-133 reduced the protein level of KLF15, which reduced the level of the downstream target GLUT4. Cardiac myocytes infected with lenti-decoy, in which the 3'UTR with tandem sequences complementary to miR-133 was link...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Horie T, Ono K, Nishi H, Iwanaga Y, Nagao K, Kinoshita M, Kuwabara Y, Takanabe R, Hasegawa K, Kita T, Kimura T Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) regulates glucocorticoid metabolism through 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 in murine gonadotrope cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, along with the regulation of GR, 11beta-HSD2 may have a key role in glucocorticoid metabolism in LbetaT2 cells. MEHP may participate in the glucocorticoid metabolism in LbetaT2 cells through inhibition of 11beta-HSD2 enzyme activity. Such perturbation may be of pathological significance as MEHP may interfere with the reproductive system at pituitary level through regulation of glucocorticoid metabolism, especially in neonates with higher risk of phthalates exposure.
PMID: 19720048 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications)
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hong D, Li XW, Lian QQ, Lamba P, Bernard DJ, Hardy DO, Chen HX, Ge RS Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Tyrosine and serine phosphorylation regulate the conformation and subsequent threonine phosphorylation of the L1 cytoplasmic domain.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we demonstrate that the region around T1172 exists in distinct conformations based on both T1172 phosphorylation and the integrity of surrounding residues. We further demonstrate the role of membrane-proximal and membrane-distal residues in regulating cytoplasmic domain conformation, and that modification of 3 of the 4 tyrosines in the L1 cytoplasmic domain promote conformational changes that facilitate other events. In particular, phenylalanine-substitution of tyrosine-1151 or tyrosine-1229 promote opening up of the cytoplasmic domain in a manner that facilitates phosphorylation of the other 3 tyrosines, as...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen MM, Leland HA, Lee CY, Silletti S Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
The immunomodulatory sphingosine 1-phosphate analog FTY720 reduces lesion size and improves neurological outcome in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia.Email this article to a colleague.
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Cerebral ischemia is accompanied by fulminant cellular and humoral inflammatory changes in the brain which contribute to lesion development after stroke. A tight interplay between the brain and the peripheral immune system leads to a biphasic immune response to stroke consisting of an early activation of peripheral immune cells with massive production of proinflammatory cytokines followed by a systemic immunosuppression within days of cerebral ischemia that is characterized by massive immune cell loss in spleen and thymus. Recent work has documented the importance of T lymphocytes in the early exacerbation of ischemic ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Czech B, Pfeilschifter W, Mazaheri-Omrani N, Strobel MA, Kahles T, Neumann-Haefelin T, Rami A, Huwiler A, Pfeilschifter J Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Hematopoietic capacity of preterm cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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Full-term cord blood (TCB) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSC/HPCs) are used for stem cell transplantation and are well characterized. However, the properties of preterm cord blood (PCB) HSC/HPCs remain unclear. In the present study, we compared HSC/HPCs from TCB and PCB with respect to their expression of surface markers, homing capacity and ability to repopulate HSCs in the NOD/Shi-scid mice bone marrow. The proportion of CD34+CD38- cells was significantly higher in PCB. On the other hand, the engraftment rate of TCB CD34+ cells into NOD/Shi-scid mice was significantly higher than PCB CD34+ cells. The expressio...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nakajima M, Ueda T, Migita M, Oue Y, Shima Y, Shimada T, Fukunaga Y Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Identification of X-DING-CD4, a new member of human DING protein family that is secreted by HIV-1 resistant CD4(+) T cells and has anti-viral activity.Email this article to a colleague.
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We reported previously the anti-viral activity named HRF (HIV-1 Resistance Factor) secreted by HIV-1 resistant cells. This work describes the identification of HRF from cell culture supernatant of HRF-producing cells (HRF(+) cells). Employing the proteomics and cell based activity assay we recovered ten peptides sharing 80-93% sequence homology with other eukaryotic DING proteins; discrete amino acid characteristics found in our material suggested that HRF is a new member of DING proteins family and consequently we designated it as X-DING-CD4 (extracellular DING from CD4(+) T cells). The presence of X-DING-CD4 in the extra...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lesner A, Shilpi R, Ivanova A, Gawinowicz MA, Lesniak J, Nikolov D, Simm M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Epigenetic modification of rhizobial genome is essential for efficient nodulation.Email this article to a colleague.
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CcrM is one of the solitary bacterial DNA methyltransferases which does not have corresponding restriction enzymes. We established a stable ccrM-overexpressing mutant of Mesorhizobium loti, MlccrM-OX, and performed molecular and phenotypic characterization of this strain. In the M. loti MlccrM-OX infected plants, nodulation was apparently delayed at 7 days after inoculation (dai), however, the nodules that eventually formed on the MlccrM-OX roots showed nitrogen fixing ability by at least 21 dai. These results suggest that the initial morphogenic events were affected by ccrM-overexpression and that the correct pattern ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ichida H, Yoneyama K, Koba T, Abe T Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Activation of mammalian Tolloid-like 1 expression by hypoxia in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.Email this article to a colleague.
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Mammalian Tolloid-like 1 (mTll-1) is an astacin metalloprotease that is a member of the Tolloid family of proteins. mTll-1 cleaves chordin, an inhibitor of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and potentiates activity of the BMPs. Prenatal stress and glucocorticoids decrease mTll-1 expression whereas voluntary exercise increase mTll-1 gene expression in the mouse hippocampus. Here, we studied the underlying molecular mechanisms by which hypoxia regulates human mTll-1 gene expression. When cells were subjected to hypoxia, the expression of endogenous mTll-1 was upregulated in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Dual-lucife...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sabirzhanova IB, Sabirzhanov BE, Keifer J, Clark TG Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Possible involvement of soluble B7-H4 in T cell-mediated inflammatory immune responses.Email this article to a colleague.
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B7-H4, a newly identified B7 family molecule, is reported to regulate T cell activation. However, the expression and function of B7-H4 remain controversial. Here, we demonstrated that B7-H4 expression in immune cells was undetectable at both the transcription and cell-surface protein levels. B7-H4 transfectants augmented anti-CD3 mAb-induced re-directed cytotoxicity and this was inhibited by anti-B7-H4 mAb. In a hapten-induced contact hypersensitivity model, treatment with anti-B7-H4 mAb at sensitization, but not at challenge, efficiently suppressed the ear swelling and CD8(+) T cell activation assessed by CD25 express...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kamimura Y, Kobori H, Piao J, Hashiguchi M, Matsumoto K, Hirose S, Azuma M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Membrane cholesterol depletion from live cells enhances the function of human serotonin(1A) receptors.Email this article to a colleague.
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We report here the novel observation that while ligand binding of serotonin(1A) receptors displays an increase in membranes isolated from cholesterol-depleted cells, such trend is absent when binding is performed on cholesterol-depleted intact cells. Importantly, we show here, for the first time, that G-protein coupling of the serotonin(1A) receptor is enhanced in membranes isolated from cholesterol-depleted cells. These results assume pharmacological relevance in view of the recently described structural evidence of specific cholesterol binding sites in GPCRs, and may help in designing better therapeutic strategies for di...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Prasad R, Paila YD, Jafurulla M, Chattopadhyay A Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Bone marrow and non-bone marrow TLR4 regulates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, both TLR4 on bone marrow derived and non-bone marrow derived cells were necessary in the process of hepatic IRI.
PMID: 19723506 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications)
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hui W, Jinxiang Z, Heshui W, Zhuoya L, Qichang Z Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
The digenic hypothesis unraveled: the GJB6 del(GJB6-D13S1830) mutation causes allele-specific loss of GJB2 expression in cis.Email this article to a colleague.
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Connexin 26 and connexin 30 are the major connexins expressed in the cochlea, where they are co-localized and form heteromeric gap junctions. Mutations in the GJB2 gene, which encodes connexin 26, are the most common cause of prelingual non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. The large del(GJB6-D13S1830) mutation which involves GJB6 (connexin 30), causes hearing loss in homozygous individuals, or when compound heterozygous with a GJB2 mutation. Until now, it remained unresolved whether this phenomenon results from digenic inheritance or because of lack of GJB2 mRNA expression. After RNA extraction from buccal epithel...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Rodriguez-Paris J, Schrijver I Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
Abnormal serum concentrations of proteins in Parkinson's disease.Email this article to a colleague.
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Blood serum was used to identify protein biomarkers for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) using analytically validated quantitative 2D-gel electrophoresis, and single variable and multivariate statistics. Using banked samples from a first medical center, we identified 57 specific protein spot biomarkers with disease-specific abnormal levels in serum of patients with PD, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and similar neurodegenerative conditions (337 samples), when compared to age-matched normal controls (132 samples). To further assess their clinical usefulness in Parkinson's disease, we obtained pr...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Goldknopf IL, Bryson JK, Strelets I, Quintero S, Sheta EA, Mosqueda M, Park HR, Appel SH, Shill H, Sabbagh M, Chase B, Kaldjian E, Markopoulou K Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: journals
