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183 records returned

Modulation of oxidative phosphorylation machinery signifies a prime mode of anti-ageing mechanism of calorie restriction in male rat liver mitochondria.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mitochondria being the major source and target of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role during ageing. We analyzed ageing and calorie restriction (CR)-induced changes in abundance of rat liver mitochondrial proteins to understand key aspects behind the age-retarding mechanism of CR. The combination of blue-native (BN) gel system with fluorescence Difference Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) facilitated an efficient analysis of soluble and membrane proteins, existing as monomers or multi-protein assemblies. Changes in abundance of specific key subunits of respiratory chain complexes I, IV and V, critical for activi...
Source: Biogerontology - November 6, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Dani D, Shimokawa I, Komatsu T, Higami Y, Warnken U, Schokraie E, Schnölzer M, Krause F, Sugawa MD, Dencher NA Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Framing the inborn aging process and longevity science.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The medical sciences are currently dominated by the "disease-model" approach to health extension, an approach that prioritizes the study of pathological mechanisms with the goal of discovering treatment modalities for specific diseases. This approach has marginalized research on the aging process itself, research that could lead to an intervention that retards aging, thus conferring health dividends that would far exceed what could be expected by eliminating any specific disease of aging. This paper offers a diagnosis of how this sub-optimal approach to health extension arose and some general prescriptions concerning h...
Source: Biogerontology - November 5, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Farrelly C Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

About "Origin and evolution of the free radical theory of aging: a brief personal history, 1954-2009"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19856210 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology)
Source: Biogerontology - October 25, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Harman D Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Vitamin D and ageing.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Within the past three to four decades a revolution has occurred in our understanding of vitamin D and its effects. Sundry laboratory and epidemiologic studies have revealed that the active metabolite of vitamin D controls and/or ameliorates various pathologies. As presented here, there is substantive evidence that vitamin D may play a positive and important role in the ageing process. This evidence arises from detailed consideration of various biological mechanisms and processes by which vitamin D operates as well as specific examples of its exerting control/amelioration of various human maladies which contribute to ag...
Source: Biogerontology - October 20, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hayes DP Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Peptide bioregulation of aging: results and prospects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The review comprises the results of author's long-term investigation in the mechanisms of aging and a role of peptide bioregulators in prevention of age-related pathology. A number of small peptides have been isolated from different organs and tissues and their analogues (di-, tri-, tetrapeptides) were synthesized from the amino acids. It was shown that long-term treatment with some peptide preparations increased mean life span by 20-40%, slow down the age-related changes in the biomarkers of aging and suppressed development of spontaneous and induced by chemical or radiation carcinogens tumorigenesis in rodents. Possi...
Source: Biogerontology - October 14, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Anisimov VN, Khavinson VK Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Combined effects of suppressing live yeast and of a cold pretreatment on longevity, aging and resistance to several stresses in Drosophila melanogaster.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study combined a cold pretreatment and removal of live yeast in the same flies, in order to know whether higher favorable effects would be observed with this combination than with each treatment alone. Each treatment had positive effects on climbing activity and their combination had additive effects, thus giving the highest climbing scores in flies subjected to the two treatments and the lowest ones in flies with live yeast and no cold pretreatment. Therefore, combining the two treatments had favorable effects if each of them had favorable effects. When removing live yeast had very deleterious effects, as on resistan...
Source: Biogerontology - October 12, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Le Bourg E Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Plasma copper/zinc ratio: an inflammatory/nutritional biomarker as predictor of all-cause mortality in elderly population.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Associations have been reported between plasma Cu and Zn levels and the incidence of the most important age-related diseases. Previously proposed methods of using plasma Cu/Zn as a predictor of all-cause mortality have been derived from populations in which old and very old subjects were underrepresented. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the usefulness of plasma Cu/Zn as a sensitive biomarker of harmful inflammatory or nutritional changes in the elderly and its incremental prognostic utility as a predictor of all-cause mortality in a functionally independent elderly Italian cohort. The association between plasm...
Source: Biogerontology - October 9, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Malavolta M, Giacconi R, Piacenza F, Santarelli L, Cipriano C, Costarelli L, Tesei S, Pierpaoli S, Basso A, Galeazzi R, Lattanzio F, Mocchegiani E Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Effect of melatonin on age induced changes in daily serotonin rhythms in suprachiasmatic nucleus of male Wistar rat.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report here that in 15 days, 1 and 2 months old rat SCN the mean serotonin level is low and daily serotonin rhythm is just beginning; at 3, 4 and 6 months, serotonin levels and rhythms are robust and at 9, 12, 18 and 24 months mean serotonin levels are low again and rhythm is becoming more disrupted. Previous studies have shown the 5-HT rhythmicity was established by 3 month in rat brain but disintegrated by 6 months of age. As melatonin, an endogenous synchronizer and an antiaging agent, declines with aging, the effects of exogenous melatonin administration on serotonin rhythmicity in SCN in 3, 6, 9 and 24 months old r...
Source: Biogerontology - September 22, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Jagota A, Kalyani D Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Gompertz law and aging as exclusion effects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19757137 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology)
Source: Biogerontology - September 14, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hallén A Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Cardiological aging in SAM model: effect of chronic treatment with growth hormone.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aging on different parameters related to inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in hearts from two types of male mice models: senescence-accelerated mice (SAM-P8) and senescence-accelerated-resistant (SAM-R1), and the influence of chronic administration of Growth Hormone (GH) on old SAM-P8 mice. Forty male mice were used. Animals were divided into five experimental groups: two 10 month old untreated groups (SAM-P8/SAM-R1), two 2 month old young groups (SAM-P8/SAM-R1) and one 10 month old group (SAM-P8) treated with GH for 30 days. The expression of tumor ...
Source: Biogerontology - September 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Forman K, Vara E, García C, Ariznavarreta C, Escames G, Tresguerres JA Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

c-myb has a character of oxidative stress resistance in aged human diploid fibroblasts: regulates SAPK/JNK and Hsp60 pathway consequently.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined whether c-myb acts as a survival molecule in aged cells. A previous in vitro ageing model suggested that aged cells have a higher cell capacity for survival after exposure to oxidative stress, which involves blockage of the translocation of Hsp60 from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm followed by SAPK/JNK inactivation, than young cells. In human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs), c-myb expression increased gradually with ageing, and this increase had a significant influence on the cell survival capacity after exposure to oxidative stress. To clarify the role of c-myb in oxidative stress, young cells under 21 p...
Source: Biogerontology - August 26, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Lee YH, Lee NH, Bhattarai G, Hwang PH, Kim TI, Jhee EC, Yi HK Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Decreased expression and the Lys751Gln polymorphism of the XPD gene are associated with extreme longevity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aging is associated with progressing genomic instability. The XPD gene encodes a DNA helicase involved in nucleotide excision repair and in transcription. We analyzed the common XPD polymorphisms that were previously shown to affect protein's DNA repair efficiency and to increase the risk of developing various cancers. Analysis was performed in 149 centenarians (mean age 101.1 years old) and in 413 young subjects (mean age 27.1 years old). We showed that the distribution of the Lys751Gln genotypes differed significantly between these groups (P = 0.017). In centenarians, the homozygous genotypes AA and CC were found les...
Source: Biogerontology - August 25, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Polosak J, Roszkowska-Gancarz M, Kurylowicz A, Owczarz M, Dobosz P, Mossakowska M, Szybinska A, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

A metabolic and functional overview of brain aging linked to neurological disorders.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Close correlations have recently been shown among the late onset complications encountered in diabetes and aging linked to neurobiological disorders. Aging in females and males is considered as the end of natural protection against age related diseases like osteoporosis, coronary heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, dementia, cognitive dysfunction and hypernatremia. Beside the sex hormones other hormonal changes are also known to occur during aging and many common problems encountered in the aging process can be related to neuroendocrine phenomena. Diabetes mellitus is associated with m...
Source: Biogerontology - June 27, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Baquer NZ, Taha A, Kumar P, McLean P, Cowsik SM, Kale RK, Singh R, Sharma D Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Repeated exposures to UVB induce differentiation rather than senescence of human keratinocytes lacking p16(INK-4A).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Skin cancers and extrinsic aging are delayed consequences of cumulative UV radiation insults. Exposure of human keratinocytes to UVB has been previously shown to trigger premature senescence. In order to explore the involvement of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK-4a) in UVB-induced premature senescence, we developed an original model of repeated sublethal exposures of human keratinocytes deficient in p16(INK-4a). We did not observe any significant increase of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity positive cells following UVB exposure in this cell line in contrast to primary keratinocytes, sugge...
Source: Biogerontology - June 23, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Bertrand-Vallery V, Boilan E, Ninane N, Demazy C, Friguet B, Toussaint O, Poumay Y, Debacq-Chainiaux F Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Acetylcholine and muscarinic receptor function in cerebral cortex of diabetic young and old male Wistar rats and the role of muscarinic receptors in calcium release from pancreatic islets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, acetylcholine and muscarinic M1, M3 receptors kinetics in the cerebral cortex of young and old streptozotocin induced and insulin treated diabetic rats. The role of muscarinic receptors in intracellular calcium release from pancreatic islets was studied in vitro. Wistar rats of 7 and 90-weeks old were used. All studies were done in cerebral cortex. AChE assay was done by spectrophotometric method. Radioreceptor binding assays were done for Acetylcholine, Muscarinic M1 and M3 receptors using specific ligands. Calcium imaging was done using fluo4-AM in pancreatic ce...
Source: Biogerontology - June 23, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Savitha B, Joseph B, Peeyush Kumar T, Paulose CS Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

In vitro aging of 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes leads to altered metabolism and response to inflammation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We used an in vitro model to evaluate the effects of cellular aging and inflammation on the gene expression and protein secretion profiles of adipocytes. 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes were cultured according to standard conditions and analyzed at different time points both at the basal state and after an acute stimulation with LPS. The mRNA levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)alpha, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma and S100A1 were maximal during adipocyte differentiation and then significantly decreased. The expression of the GLUT4 and IRS-1 genes peaked during differentiation and then de...
Source: Biogerontology - June 12, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Zoico E, Di Francesco V, Olioso D, Fratta Pasini AM, Sepe A, Bosello O, Cinti S, Cominacini L, Zamboni M Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Origin and evolution of the free radical theory of aging: a brief personal history, 1954-2009.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aging is the progressive accumulation in an organism of diverse, deleterious changes with time that increase the chance of disease and death. The basic chemical process underlying aging was first advanced by the free radical theory of aging (FRTA) in 1954: the reaction of active free radicals, normally produced in the organisms, with cellular constituents initiates the changes associated with aging. The involvement of free radicals in aging is related to their key role in the origin and evolution of life. The initial low acceptance of the FRTA by the scientific community, its slow growth, manifested by meetings and occ...
Source: Biogerontology - May 23, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Harman D Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Modulation of aging profiles in isogenic populations of Caenorhabditis elegans by bacteria causing different extrinsic mortality rates.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It has been postulated that the presence of parasites causing high extrinsic mortality may trigger an inducible acceleration of the host aging. We tested this hypothesis using isogenic populations of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes and different Escherichia coli strains. When exposed to pathogenic bacteria, nematodes showed up to fourfold higher mortality rates, reproduced earlier, produced more H(2)O(2), and accumulated more autofluorescence, than when exposed to an innocuous strain. We also observed that mortality increased at a slower rate in old animals, a phenomenon known as mortality deceleration. Mortality dece...
Source: Biogerontology - May 14, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Baeriswyl S, Diard M, Mosser T, Leroy M, Manière X, Taddei F, Matic I Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Identification of histone methylation multiplicities patterns in the brain of senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study showed histone methylation patterns in the aged SAMP8 mice brain and provided the experimental evidences for further research on histone PTMs in the aged brain. We hope these results could initiate a platform for the exchange of comprehensive information concerning aging or neurodegenerative disease and help us interpret the change of gene expression and DNA repair ability at epigenetic level. PMID: 19434510 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology)
Source: Biogerontology - May 11, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Wang CM, Tsai SN, Yew TW, Kwan YW, Ngai SM Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

The effect of carnosine treatment on prooxidant-antioxidant balance in liver, heart and brain tissues of male aged rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, carnosine treatment was found to be useful in the decrease of age-related oxidative stress in the liver. PMID: 19430956 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology)
Source: Biogerontology - May 9, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Aydın AF, Küçükgergin C, Ozdemirler-Erata G, Koçak-Toker N, Uysal M Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Lamotrigine extends lifespan but compromises health span in Drosophila melanogaster.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we evaluated the interaction between the impacts of lamotrigine on mortality rate, lifespan, metabolic rate and locomotion. It has been proposed in a wide range of animal models that there is an inverse relationship between longevity, metabolic rate, and locomotion. We hypothesized that the survival benefits displayed by this compound would be associated with deleterious effects on health span, such as depression of locomotion. Using Drosophila as our model system, we found that lamotrigine decreased mortality and increased lifespan in parallel with a reduction in locomotor activity and a trend towards metab...
Source: Biogerontology - May 8, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Avanesian A, Khodayari B, Felgner JS, Jafari M Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Expression of estrogen receptors in the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis in middle-aged rats after re-instatement of estrus cyclicity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
During reproductive aging female rats enter an anovulatory state of persistent estrus (PE). In an animal model of re-instatement of estrus cyclicity in middle-aged PE rats we injected the animals with progesterone (0.5 mg progesterone/kg body weight) at 12:00 for 4 days whereas control animals received corn oil injections. After the last injection animals were analyzed at 13:00 and 17:00. Young regular cycling rats served as positive controls and were assessed at 13:00 and 17:00 on proestrus. Progesterone treatment of middle-aged PE rats led to occurrence of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),...
Source: Biogerontology - May 6, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Böttner M, Leonhardt S, Wuttke W, Wedel T, Jarry H Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

The frequency of Klotho KL-VS polymorphism in a large Italian population, from young subjects to centenarians, suggests the presence of specific time windows for its effect.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In mice a defect of Klotho gene expression results in multiple aging-like phenotypes including short lifespan, osteoporosis and atherosclerosis, while its over-expression suppresses aging and extends lifespan. Contrasting data have been reported as far as the importance of the functional variant of Klotho termed "KL-VS" on human longevity, depending on the average age of the old subjects that were compared with young controls. We therefore performed a study on a large Italian population sample including people from very young to very old age (centenarians). A total of 1,089 (669 women and 420 men) unrelated individuals...
Source: Biogerontology - May 6, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Invidia L, Salvioli S, Altilia S, Pierini M, Panourgia MP, Monti D, De Rango F, Passarino G, Franceschi C Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans mediated by sir-2.1 and daf-16.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It is well understood that sir2 (sirtuin), an NAD-dependent deacetylase, is essential for the extension of lifespan under caloric restriction. However, the mechanism underlying activation of sir2 is unclear. Life extension through caloric restriction requires the sir2 ortholog sir-2.1 in nematodes but occurs independently of the forkhead-type transcription factor DAF-16. We aimed here to elucidate the correlation between life extension in nematodes and NAD-dependent activation of sirtuin by analyzing the relationship between NAD and DAF-16. Lifespan was extended when Caenorhabditis elegans were bred using medium contai...
Source: Biogerontology - April 15, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hashimoto T, Horikawa M, Nomura T, Sakamoto K Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Ageing in nematodes: do antioxidants extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Antioxidants are often investigated as a promising strategy for extending lifespan. Accordingly, there is significant interest in novel antioxidant compounds derived from natural sources such as plant extracts. However, because lifespan studies are laborious and expensive to conduct, candidate compounds are frequently selected based simply on their in vitro antioxidant efficacy, with the implicit assumption that in vitro antioxidants are also in vivo antioxidants, and that in vivo antioxidants will decrease functionally relevant oxidative damage and thereby extend lifespan. We investigated the validity of these assumpt...
Source: Biogerontology - April 6, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Pun PB, Gruber J, Tang SY, Schaffer S, Ong RL, Fong S, Ng LF, Cheah I, Halliwell B Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Calculation of apparent age by linear combination of facial skin parameters: a predictive tool to evaluate the efficacy of cosmetic treatments and to assess the predisposition to accelerated aging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The estimated apparent age (EAA) was estimated by a panel of trained experts, for the individuals in a cohort. Twelve independent clinical, biophysical and biochemical parameters measured on facial skin, have been identified by multiple regression analysis, which influence the EAA of a person of chronological age (CA) (under eye lines, clinically assessed crow's feet, age spots, clinically evaluated firmness, forehead lines, pores, lip lines, instrumentally evaluated firmness, instrumentally evaluated crow feet, skin texture, in vivo fluorescence related to proliferation and glycation). An algorithm has been devised to...
Source: Biogerontology - March 31, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Dicanio D, Sparacio R, Declercq L, Corstjens H, Muizzuddin N, Hidalgo J, Giacomoni PU, Jorgensen L, Maes D Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Effect of estrogens on bone marrow adipogenesis and Sirt1 in aging C57BL/6J mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we compared two groups of animals, young and old, after either oophorectomy (OVX) or oophorectomy plus E(2) (OVX + E(2)) replacement. We found that absence of E(2) was associated with higher levels of PPARgamma and lower levels of Sirt1 most significantly in the old group. In addition, old mice responded better to E(2) replacement in terms of reducing adipogenesis and PPARgamma expression as well as increasing levels of Sirt1 expression. Our findings represent a new understanding of the role of E(2) in age-related bone loss, which could be mediated through the regulation of Sirt1 expression within the bone m...
Source: Biogerontology - March 31, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Elbaz A, Rivas D, Duque G Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Expression of cholesterol homeostasis genes in the brain of the male rat is affected by age and dietary restriction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Expression profiles of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase (CYP46), proteins involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, transport and excretion from the CNS, were analyzed in the rat cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum as a function of aging (6-24 months) and in response to long-term dietary restriction (DR). Age-related increases for all three mRNAs were observed, with the highest induction found for Cyp46 in the cortex and hippocampus of 24-month-old animals. DR maintained stable levels of Cyp46, HMGR, and ApoE mRNAs during aging, exhibiting an att...
Source: Biogerontology - March 7, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Perovic M, Mladenovic Djordjevic A, Smiljanic K, Tanic N, Rakic L, Ruzdijic S, Kanazir S Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Activation of the immune response is a key feature of aging in mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was aimed at elucidating mechanisms involved in mouse aging by conducting both gene expression and biochemical analyses on isolated mouse brain, heart and kidney. The gene expression analysis was not aimed at solely highlighting age-related transcriptional changes but also revealing regulated biological processes, cellular compartments, signaling and metabolic pathways. We have uncovered a conserved increase in the expression of genes mediating immune responses in all the tissues analyzed. In addition, elevated levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LPO)-an indicator of increased levels of radical oxygen species, impli...
Source: Biogerontology - March 3, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Brink TC, Regenbrecht C, Demetrius L, Lehrach H, Adjaye J Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Glyoxalase I activity and immunoreactivity in the aging human lens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we have determined the effect of aging on GLOI activity and the immunoreactivity and morphological distribution of GLOI in the human lens. A monoclonal antibody was developed against human GLOI. GLOI immunoreactivity was strongest in the anterior epithelial cells and weaker in rest of the lens. Cultured human lens epithelial cells showed immunostaining throughout the cytoplasm. In the human lens, GLOI activity and immunoreactivity both decreased with age. We believe that this would lead to promotion of MGO-modification in aging lens proteins. PMID: 19238574 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology)
Source: Biogerontology - February 24, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Mailankot M, Padmanabha S, Pasupuleti N, Major D, Howell S, Nagaraj RH Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

The difference in gliosis induced by beta-amyloid and Tau treatments in astrocyte cultures derived from senescence accelerated and normal mouse strains.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Astrocytes react to various neurodegenerative insults rapidly and undergo changes known as gliosis or astrogliosis. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), a wall of reactive astrocytes surrounds senile plaques of beta-amyloid (Abeta) and might play an important role in clearing of Abeta. AD is neuropathologically characterized by the co-existence of two pathological structures, senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of Abeta and Tau protein respectively. However, the molecular mechanisms underlie astrogliosis and increased expressions of GFAP and other astrogliosis markers are poorly understood. Since AD is age rela...
Source: Biogerontology - February 17, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Lü L, Mak YT, Fang M, Yew DT Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Strategies for future histocompatible stem cell therapy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Stem cell therapy based on the safe and unlimited self-renewal of human pluripotent stem cells is envisioned for future use in tissue or organ replacement after injury or disease. A gradual decline of regenerative capacity has been documented among the adult stem cell population in some body organs during the aging process. Recent progress in human somatic cell nuclear transfer and inducible pluripotent stem cell technologies has shown that patient-derived nuclei or somatic cells can be reprogrammed in vitro to become pluripotent stem cells, from which the three germ layer lineages can be generated, genetically identic...
Source: Biogerontology - February 15, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Nehlin JO, Barington T Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Oxidative stress and intracellular pH in the young and old erythrocytes of rat.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effects of oxidative stress (OS) on the rat erythrocytes (RBCs) that were fractionated on the percoll/BSA gradient into young and old cells were studied to find out if the altered Na( + ) /H(+) and Cl(-)/HCO(3) (-) antiporters and in turn the intracellular pH (pH(i)) could act as one of the promoters of cell death. Old cells were more spherical with lesser surface area, more fragile osmotically and had lesser protein sulphydryl content than the young cells. OS was induced in RBCs by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). AAPH increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and MDA level and, the c...
Source: Biogerontology - February 13, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Asha Devi S, Shiva Shankar Reddy CS, Subramanyam MV Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Telomere dynamics during replicative senescence are not directly modulated by conditions of oxidative stress in IMR90 fibroblast cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The replicative lifespan of many cell types is determined by the length of telomeres in the initiating cell population. In 20% oxygen, IMR90 cells have a shorter replicative lifespan compared to that achieved in conditions that lower the levels of oxidative stress. We sought to address the role of telomere dynamics in determining the replicative lifespan of IMR90 cells. We analysed clonal populations cultured in parallel in 3 and 20% oxygen. We observed that, at senescence, telomere length was shorter in 3% oxygen and this was proportional to the lifespan extension. We observed no detectable difference in the rate of t...
Source: Biogerontology - February 12, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Britt-Compton B, Wyllie F, Rowson J, Capper R, Jones RE, Baird DM Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Cyclophosphamide induces premature senescence in normal human fibroblasts by activating MAP kinases.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cellular senescence is induced by diverse mechanisms and is in turn mediated by multiple biochemical pathways. We found that cyclophosphamide sensitively inhibits the growth of normal human fibroblasts. Those growth arrested fibroblasts showed morphology similar to that of normally senesced cells and strongly expressed senescence-associated beta-galactosidase. They also showed up regulation of senescence-associated genes and eventually lost their division potential. In addition, enhanced phosphorylation of MAP kinases was found in growth arrested cells, very similar to normally senesced cells. Collectively, these resul...
Source: Biogerontology - February 10, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Palaniyappan A Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Solar activity during gestation does not affect human lifespan: evidence from national data.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Human lifespan has been reported to relate to solar activity during prenatal development. The likely key mechanism behind this association is increased mutagenic ultraviolet (UVB) radiation during high solar activity that damages DNA. Here, the aim was to replicate the findings of those previous few studies that have suggested a reduced lifespan of individuals born during the years of high solar activity, measured as the sunspot numbers. We used data on annual cohort life expectancy at birth of both women and men born between 1751 and 1915, obtained from ten nations located mainly in Europe. These data, however, provid...
Source: Biogerontology - February 8, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Helle S Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Relationships between cancer and aging: a multilevel approach.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The incidence of cancer increases with age in humans and in laboratory animals alike. There are different patterns of age-related distribution of tumors in different organs and tissues. Aging may increase or decrease the susceptibility of various tissues to initiation of carcinogenesis and usually facilitates promotion and progression of carcinogenesis. Aging may predispose to cancer in two ways: tissue accumulation of cells in late stages of carcinogenesis and alterations in internal homeostasis, in particular, alterations in immune and endocrine systems. Increased susceptibility to the effects of tumor promoters is f...
Source: Biogerontology - January 21, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Anisimov VN, Sikora E, Pawelec G Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Multiple measures of functionality exhibit progressive decline in a parallel, stochastic fashion in Drosophila Sod2 null mutants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Oxidative damage has been proposed as an important factor in the progression of pathological and non-pathological age-related functional declines. Here, we examine functional deterioration in short-lived flies mutant for the mitochondrial antioxidant Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (Sod2). We find that the decline of several functional measures of aging occurs, in an accelerated fashion, in Sod2 mutants. Olfactory behavior, locomotor ability and cardiac performance were all seen to decline rapidly in Sod2 mutants. On average, functional declines in Sod2 mutants occur in a pattern similar to that seen in late-life Drosop...
Source: Biogerontology - January 16, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Piazza N, Hayes M, Martin I, Duttaroy A, Grotewiel M, Wessells R Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Effect of age on cytokine response in an experimental model of osteomyelitis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To study the effect of age on cytokine response in an experimental model of osteomyelitis. Forty adult male Wistar rats received a stainless steel needle, intramedullarly in the left tibia. Young rats (3 months old) and old rats (22 months old) were allotted in: Group A: Sterile implant. Group B: Sterile implant + slime producing S. aureus. Rats were sacrificed 9 weeks after surgery. Determinations: Cytokines (ELISA) in blood and in tibia extract and the number of bacteria in tibia and implant. The Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U tests were used (P </= 0.01 significant). Infection was detected in every old rat receiving S....
Source: Biogerontology - January 4, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: García-Alvarez F, Navarro-Zorraquino M, Castro A, Grasa JM, Pastor C, Monzón M, Martínez A, García-Alvarez I, Castillo J, Lozano R Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) P. Karst enhances activities of heart mitochondrial enzymes and respiratory chain complexes in the aged rat.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aging is associated with increased oxidative damage at multiple cellular levels, decline in cellular energy production and enhanced free radical status. The effect of the medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum on the activities of tricarboxylic acid (Krebs) cycle enzymes and mitochondrial complexes I-IV of the electron transport chain in aged rats were investigated. The activity of Krebs cycle enzymes, isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase as well as mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, and IV were determined in heart of aged male Wistar rats orally...
Source: Biogerontology - January 4, 2009 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sudheesh NP, Ajith TA, Janardhanan KK Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Cell senescence: the future of ageing?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19115080 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology)
Source: Biogerontology - December 30, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Cox LS Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

The in vitro kinetics of senescence of Fischer 344 rat embryo fibroblasts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The kinetics of replicative senescence have been determined in three independent cultures of fibroblasts derived from Fischer rat embryos (FREF). In each case the growth fraction was measured by immunocytochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and by metabolic labeling using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). FREF cultures entered senescence at an average of 20.4 population doublings. The growth fraction declined smoothly as measured by both kinetic techniques. The average rate of decline of the growth fraction observed using BrdU was -0.79 +/- 0.12% population doubling(-1) which was closely comparable ...
Source: Biogerontology - December 30, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Faragher RG, Kill IR Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Roles of RECQ helicases in recombination based DNA repair, genomic stability and aging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The maintenance of the stability of genetic material is an essential feature of every living organism. Organisms across all kingdoms have evolved diverse and highly efficient repair mechanisms to protect the genome from deleterious consequences of various genotoxic factors that might tend to destabilize the integrity of the genome in each generation. One such group of proteins that is actively involved in genome surveillance is the RecQ helicase family. These proteins are highly conserved DNA helicases, which have diverse roles in multiple DNA metabolic processes such as DNA replication, recombination and DNA repair. I...
Source: Biogerontology - December 15, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Singh DK, Ahn B, Bohr VA Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Hsp70 prevents disuse muscle atrophy in senescent rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study determined the effects of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) overexpression on disuse muscle atrophy in senescent rats. Solei of young and senescent rats were co-injected with Hsp70 plus a nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaBeta) reporter plasmid. After 4 days, the hind limbs of half the young and senescent rats were immobilized for 6 days with the remainder serving as weight bearing controls. Hsp70 protein levels and cross-sectional area decreased in both groups (~20%) after immobilization. Atrophy was prevented in those fibers overexpressing Hsp70. NF-kappaBeta activity increased in the soleus of both young (three-fol...
Source: Biogerontology - December 13, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Dodd S, Hain B, Judge A Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

p53 and ATF-2 partly mediate the overexpression of COX-2 in H(2)O (2)-induced premature senescence of human fibroblasts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cyclooxygenase-2 and release of prostaglandin E2 are up-regulated in replicative senescence of dermal and prostate fibroblasts and in H(2)O(2)-induced premature senescence of IMR-90 lung fibroblasts expressing the catalytic subunit of telomerase. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 activity by specific chemical inhibitor or siRNA attenuates the H(2)O(2)-induced increase of senescence associated beta-galactosidase positive cells and attenuates growth arrest. In this work, p38(MAPK) activation and increased DNA binding activities of ATF-2 and p53 are shown to mediate cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression in premature senescence. ...
Source: Biogerontology - December 11, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Zdanov S, Toussaint O, Debacq-Chainiaux F Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Cold stress increases resistance to fungal infection throughout life in Drosophila melanogaster.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Flies were subjected to one of three mild stresses known to have positive effects on longevity (heat, hypergravity, cold), prior to an infection with the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Flies subjected to cold survived longer to infection, while the other mild stresses had no positive effect. These positive effects of a cold stress on resistance to infection were observed mainly in males and throughout life, i.e., a long time after the cold stress was applied. It was confirmed that cold and hypergravity stresses increased longevity of non-infected flies, but no positive effect of heat shocks were however ob...
Source: Biogerontology - December 9, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Le Bourg E, Massou I, Gobert V Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Quercetin mediated lifespan extension in Caenorhabditis elegans is modulated by age-1, daf-2, sek-1 and unc-43.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides a dissection of lifespan modulation by the flavonoid quercetin. In detail, quercetin was shown not to act as a simple antimicrobial agent or exclusively via radical scavenging capacities. Likewise, lifespan extension had no effect on reproduction and body length. Furthermore, neither a caloric restriction mimetic nor a sirtuin (sir-2.1) dependence was identified as a likely mode of action. However, four genes were pinpointed to be required for the quercetin derived lifespan extension, namely age-1, daf-2, unc-43 and sek-1. The latter two have, to date, not been linked to quercetin-mediated lifespan exte...
Source: Biogerontology - November 29, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Pietsch K, Saul N, Menzel R, Stürzenbaum SR, Steinberg CE Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Effect of 40% restriction of dietary amino acids (except methionine) on mitochondrial oxidative stress and biogenesis, AIF and SIRT1 in rat liver.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Previous studies have shown that the decrease in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitROS) generation and oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that occurs during life extending dietary restriction also occurs during protein or methionine restriction, whereas it does not take place during carbohydrate or lipid restriction. In order to study the possible effects of other amino acids, in this investigation all the dietary amino acids, except methionine, were restricted by 40% in male Wistar rats (RESTAAS group). After 6-7 weeks, experimental parameters were measured in the liver. Amino acid restriction did n...
Source: Biogerontology - November 28, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Caro P, Gomez J, Sanchez I, Garcia R, López-Torres M, Naudí A, Portero-Otin M, Pamplona R, Barja G Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Age-related transcriptional changes in gene expression in different organs of mice support the metabolic stability theory of aging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study, in addition, rejects the free radical hypothesis which postulates that the production rate of ROS, and not its stability, determines life span. PMID: 19031007 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology)
Source: Biogerontology - November 23, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Brink TC, Demetrius L, Lehrach H, Adjaye J Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals

Curcumin counteracts the aluminium-induced ageing-related alterations in oxidative stress, Na(+), K (+) ATPase and protein kinase C in adult and old rat brain regions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the effect of curcumin on aluminium-induced alterations in ageing-related parameters: lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), protein kinase C (PKC), Na(+), K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (Na(+), K(+)-ATPase) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the brain of 10- and 24-month-old rats. Measurements taken from aluminium-fed rats were compared with those from rats in which curcumin and aluminium were co-administered. In aluminium-treated rats the levels of lipid peroxidation, PKC and AChE were enh...
Source: Biogerontology - November 20, 2008 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sharma D, Sethi P, Hussain E, Singh R Tags: Biogerontology Source Type: journals