Force matching: motor effects that are not reported by the actor
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06829-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe explored unintentional drifts of finger forces during force production and matching task. Based on earlier studies, we predicted that force matching with the other hand would reduce or stop the force drift in instructed fingers while uninstructed (enslaved) fingers remain unaffected. Twelve young, healthy, right-handed participants performed two types of tasks with both hands (task hand and match hand). The task hand produced constant force at 20% of MVC level with the Index and Ring fingers pressing in parallel on strain gauge fo...
Source: Brain Research - April 23, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Micha ł Pawłowski Joseph M Ricotta Sayan D De Mark L Latash Source Type: research
Attentional spatial cueing of the stop-signal affects the ability to suppress behavioural responses
This study contributes to this topic by evaluating whether spatial and moving attentional cueing can influence inhibitory control. We employed a task in which subjects viewed a vertical bar on the screen that, from a central position, moved either left or right where two circles were positioned. Subjects were asked to respond by pressing a key when the motion of the bar was interrupted close to the circle (go signal). In about 40% of the trials, following the go signal and after a variable delay, a visual target appeared in either one of the circles, requiring response inhibition (stop signal). In most of the trials the st...
Source: Brain Research - April 23, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Md Tanbeer Haque Mariella Segreti Valentina Giuffrida Stefano Ferraina Emiliano Brunamonti Pierpaolo Pani Source Type: research
Postural Control and Cognitive Flexibility in Skilled Athletes: Insights from Dual-Task Performance and Event-Related Potentials
This study's results offer valuable insights into the interplay between postural control and multitasking in skilled athletes, and its outcomes carry significant implications for the training and assessment of athletes across various sports.PMID:38653346 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110957 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 23, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jiacheng Chen Alex Pak Ki Kwok Yanan Li Source Type: research
Role of the medial agranular cortex in unilateral spatial neglect
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Apr 22. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06817-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTUnilateral spatial neglect (USN) results from impaired attentional networks and can affect various sensory modalities, such as visual and somatosensory. The rodent medial agranular cortex (AGm), located in the medial part of the forebrain from rostral to caudal direction, is considered a region associated with spatial attention. The AGm selectively receives multisensory input with the rostral AGm receiving somatosensory input and caudal part receiving visual input. Our previous study showed slower recovery from neglect with anterior ...
Source: Brain Research - April 22, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Daisuke Ishii Hironobu Osaki Arito Yozu Tatsuya Yamamoto Satoshi Yamamoto Mariko Miyata Yutaka Kohno Source Type: research
Reach-to-Grasp and tactile discrimination task: A new task for the study of sensory-motor learning
Behav Brain Res. 2024 Apr 20;466:115007. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115007. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlthough active touch in rodents arises from the forepaws as well as whiskers, most research on active touch only focuses on whiskers. This results in a paucity of tasks designed to assess the process of active touch with a forepaw. We develop a new experimental task, the Reach-to-Grasp and Tactile Discrimination task (RGTD task), to examine active touch with a forepaw in rodents, particularly changes in processes of active touch during motor skill learning. In the RGTD task, animals are required to (1) extend their forel...
Source: Brain Research - April 22, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Yudai Yoshinaga Nobuya Sato Source Type: research
Evaluation puramatrix as a 3D microenvironment for neural differentiation of human breastmilk stem cells
In this study, we employed the PuraMatrix hydrogel scaffold as an advanced cell culture platform for the neural differentiation of stem cells derived from human breastmilk to design an opportune model for tissue engineering. Isolated stem cells from breastmilk were cultured and differentiated into neural-like cells on PuraMatrix peptide hydrogel and in the two-dimensional system. The compatibility of breastmilk-derived stem cells with PuraMatrix and cell viability was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and MTT assay, respectively. Induction of differentiation was achieved by exposing cells to the neurogenic medium. ...
Source: Brain Research - April 22, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Nasim Goudarzi Ronak Shabani Fatemeh Moradi Marzieh Ebrahimi Majid Katebi Amir Jafari Shayesteh Mehdinejadiani Gelareh Vahabzade Mansoure Soleimani Source Type: research
Neuroprotective role of Carvacrol via Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 axis in Rotenone-induced PD mice model
In this study, we explored the role of Carvacrol in suppressing neuroinflammation by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome through Nrf2/HO-1 axis and subsequently, inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, IL-18 in Rotenone induced PD mice model. Three doses (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg p.o.) of Carvacrol were administered to, respectively, three groups (LD, MD, HD), one hour after administration of Rotenone (1.5 mg/kg, i.p.), every day, for 21 days. Treatment with Carvacrol ameliorated the motor impairment caused by Rotenone. It alleviated neurotoxicity and reduced inflammatory cytokines. Further, Carvacrol also alleviated oxidative ...
Source: Brain Research - April 22, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Shruti Shah Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena Gurpreet Singh Amrita Kulkarni Poojitha Pinjala Dharmendra Kumar Khatri Source Type: research
Correlations among serum alpha-(1,6)-fucosyltransferase and early symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease: A cross-sectional retrospective study
This study reveals that increased FUT8 levels are positively correlated with a higher risk of early PD-associated symptoms. These findings suggest that serum FUT8 could serve as a promising biomarker for the early detection of PD.PMID:38643887 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110959 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 21, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Qi-Rong Wang Xue Yu Yang Li Ming-Zhen Zhu Source Type: research
A historical approach to models of emotional laterality
Brain Res. 2024 Apr 19:148948. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148948. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn this paper I discuss the main models that have tried to explain brain asymmetries for emotions. The first models, based on clinical observations, proposed either a general right hemisphere dominance for emotions (the'right hemisphere') model or a different specialization of the right hemisphere for negative and of the left hemisphere for positive emotions (the'valence' model). In more recent times new models, based on partly modified versions of the previous ones have been proposed. The revised version of the 'valence' mode...
Source: Brain Research - April 21, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Guido Gainotti Source Type: research
Gentisic acid exerts neuroprotective effects in neurotoxin-induced Parkinson's disease model in zebrafish: Cross-talk between pathways related with neurodegeneration in the gut-brain axis
Brain Res. 2024 Apr 19:148952. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148952. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGiven that global prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is expected to rise over the next few decades, understanding the mechanisms and causes of PD is critical. With emphasis on gut-brain axis, we sought to assess the impact of gentisic acid (GA), a diphenolic compound generated from benzoic acid, in rotenone (Rot) induced PD model in zebrafish. For thirty days, adult zebrafish were exposed to GA and rotenone. Tox-Track program was used to analyze locomotor behaviors in the control, GA, Rot, and Rot + GA groups. LC-MS/MS was...
Source: Brain Research - April 21, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Derya Cans ız İsmail Ünal Mustafa Gani S ürmen Saime S ürmen Zehra Sezer Merih Beler Elif G üzel A Ata Alturfan Ebru Emekli-Alturfan Source Type: research
Acorus calamus Linn.: A novel neuroprotective approach for traumatic brain injury in Drosophila melanogaster
CONCLUSIONS: AC mitigated behavioral deficits, oxidative damage, and neurotransmitter imbalance in fruit flies after TBI. These findings indicate AC may be more effective than individual drugs for TBI therapy. Further research into its neuroprotective phytochemicals is warranted.PMID:38643931 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148953 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 21, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Sunishtha Kalra Himanshu Sachdeva Aditya Bhushan Pant Govind Singh Source Type: research
Class 1 histone deacetylases differentially modulate memory and synaptic genes in a spatial and temporal manner in aged and APP/PS1 mice
In this study, 3-, 12- and 18- month-old APP/PS1 mice and WT littermates underwent memory tests, then synapse-related gene expression, class 1 histone deacetylases (HDACs) abundance, and H3K9ac levels at target gene promoters, were evaluated in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Our results showed recognition and long-term spatial memory impaired in 18-month-old WT mice and recognition, short-term working, and long-term spatial reference memory deficits in 12-and 18- month-old APP/PS1 mice. The memory impairments are associated with synapse-related gene nr2a, glur1, glur2, psd95 expression, HDAC abundance, and H3...
Source: Brain Research - April 20, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Bryan M McClarty Guadalupe Rodriguez Hongxin Dong Source Type: research
Sustained insulin treatment restoring metabolic status, body weight, and cognition in an anorexia nervosa-like animal model in mice
CONCLUSION: The PSA-RA-based insulin delivery system effectively restores metabolic balance, body weight, and cognitive function in the AN model. Its ability to steadily release insulin makes it a promising candidate for AN treatment."PMID:38642861 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115001 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 20, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Yosefa Avraham Tovi Shapira-Furman Ravi Saklani Bob Van Heukelom Moshe Carmel Lia Vorobiev Leah Lipsker Donna R Zwas Elliot M Berry Abraham J Domb Source Type: research
Alpha Event-Related Decreases During Encoding in Adults with ADHD - An Investigation of Sustained Attention and Working Memory Processes
CONCLUSIONS: Our results corroborate the robustness of alpha as a marker of visual attention and suggest that occipital alpha ERD normalizes in adulthood, but with unique contributions of centro-occipital alpha ERD, suggesting a secondary source. This implies that deviations in processes other than previously reported visuospatial cortex engagement account for the persistent symptoms and cognitive deficits in adults with a history of ADHD.PMID:38642862 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115003 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 20, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Ren é Freichel Nicolas Zink Fang Yu Chang Juan Diego Vera Holly Truong Giorgia Michelini Sandra K Loo Agatha Lenartowicz Source Type: research
Replicating Human Characteristics: A Promising Animal Model of Central Fatigue
In conclusion, our ADF+MMPM model comprehensively replicated the features of human central fatigue and is a promising platform for preclinical research. Furthermore, the pivotal role of mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxidative stress damage in the occurrence of central fatigue in the hippocampus and skeletal muscle tissues was corroborated.PMID:38642899 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110951 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 20, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Yifei Zhang Zehan Zhang Qingqian Yu Bijuan Lan Qinghuan Shi Ruting Li Ziheng Jiao Weiyue Zhang Feng Li Source Type: research
