Status of alternative angiogenic pathways in glioblastoma resected under and after bevacizumab treatment
AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) acquires resistance to bevacizumab (Bev) treatment. Bev affects angiogenic factors other than vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which are poorly understood. We investigated changes in angiogenic factors under and after Bev therapy, including angiopoietin-1 (ANGPT1), angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), placental growth factor (PLGF), fibroblast growth factor 2, and ephrin A2 (EphA2). Fifty-four GBM tissues, including 28 specimens from 14 cases as paired specimens from the same patient obtained in three settings: initial tumor resection (naïve Bev), tumors resected following Bev therap...
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - April 15, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Recent advances in liquid biopsy of central nervous system lymphomas: case presentations and review of the literature
AbstractSurgical biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas. However, reliable liquid biopsy methods for diagnosing CNS lymphomas have quickly developed and have been implicated in clinical decision-making. In the current report, we introduce two patients for whom liquid biopsy was essential for diagnosing CNS lymphomas and discuss the rapidly growing applications of this technology. (Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - April 10, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Intratumoral heterogeneity of CDKN2A deletions in IDH-mutant astrocytoma
(Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - April 10, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Clinical and radiological features of intracranial ancient schwannomas: a single-institution, retrospective analysis
AbstractAncient schwannoma (AS) is a subtype of schwannoma characterized by slow progression despite degenerative changes in pathology. Although it is considered a benign tumor, most previous reports have focused on extracranial AS; therefore, the clinical characteristics of intracranial AS is not clear. We included 174 patients who underwent surgery for sporadic intracranial schwannoma, and 13 patients (7.5%) were diagnosed with AS. Cysts were significantly more common in patients with AS than conventional schwannomas (92.3% vs. 44.7%, p < 0.001), as was bleeding (38.5% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.003) and calcification ...
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - April 5, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted-prognostic factors, standard of care and chemotherapy, and future perspectives with neoadjuvant strategy
AbstractOligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted is known for their relative chemosensitivity and indolent clinical course among diffuse gliomas of adult type. Based on the data from phase 3 clinical trials, the standard of post-surgical care for those tumors is considered to be initial chemoradiotherapy regardless of histopathological grade, particularly with PCV. However, partly due to its renewed definition in late years, prognostic factors in patients with those tumors are not well established. Moreover, the survival rate declines over 15 years, with only a 37% OS rate at 20 years for grade 3 tumors, even ...
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - April 2, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Preface for Brain Tumor Pathology vol.41 issue 2
(Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - April 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Development of a rapid and comprehensive genomic profiling test supporting diagnosis and research for gliomas
AbstractA prompt and reliable molecular diagnosis for brain tumors has become crucial in precision medicine. While Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP) has become feasible, there remains room for enhancement in brain tumor diagnosis due to the partial lack of essential genes and limitations in broad copy number analysis. In addition, the long turnaround time of commercially available CGPs poses an additional obstacle to the timely implementation of results in clinics. To address these challenges, we developed a CGP encompassing 113 genes, genome-wide copy number changes, andMGMT promoter methylation. Our CGP incorporates ...
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - February 8, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Rise of oligodendroglioma hypermutator phenotype from a subclone harboring TP53 mutation after TMZ treatment
We report a case of 51-year-old woman with a left fronto-temporal oligodendroglioma that contained a small portion with aTP53 mutation, R248Q, at the initial surgery. On a first, slow-growing recurrence 29 months after radiation and nitrosourea-based chemotherapy, the patient underwent TMZ chemotherapy. The recurrent tumor responded well to TMZ but developed a rapid progression after 6 cycles as a malignant hypermutator tumor with aMSH6 mutation. Most of the recurrent tumor lacked typical oligodendroglioma morphology that was observed in the primary tumor, while it retained theIDH1 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion. The id...
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - January 31, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction: Beyond the WHO 2021 classification of the tumors of the central nervous system: transitioning from the 5th edition to the next
(Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - January 25, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Pediatric diffuse glioma with EP300::BCOR fusion manifesting as low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumor: a case presentation
(Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - December 22, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Beyond the WHO 2021 classification of the tumors of the central nervous system: transitioning from the 5th edition to the next
(Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - December 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A rare case of primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma harboring a novel ARHGAP45::BRAF fusion: a case report and literature review
ConclusionThe presence of the BRAF point mutation, predominantly BRAF p.V600E, has been documented in prior literature of CNSHS. This is the first case of pediatric histiocytic sarcoma in the anterior falciform region who has a uniqueARHGAP45::BRAF fusion. The findings of our study indicate that a broader range of molecular assays should be employed in the diagnosis of CNSHS and opens up new possibilities for the treatment of the patient. (Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - December 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
FISH analysis reveals CDKN2A and IFNA14 co-deletion is heterogeneous and is a prominent feature of glioblastoma
We examined the correlation between p16INK4a protein expression (via IHC) andCDKN2A deletion along with the impact of these genomic events on patient survival. FISH analyses demonstrated that grades II and III had either wildtype (wt) or amplifiedCDKN2A/IFNA14, whilst 44% of GBMs harboured homozygous deletions of both genes. Cores withCDKN2A homozygous deletion (n = 11) were negative for p16INK4a. Twenty p16INK4a positive samples lackedCDKN2A deletion with some of cells showing negative p16INK4a. There was heterogeneity inIFNA14/CDKN2A ploidy within each GBM. Survival analyses of primary GBMs suggested a positive assoc...
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - December 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Primary papillary epithelial tumor of the sella: a case report of an emerging tumor type
We report a case of 44-year-old female with a sellar mass lesion, who presented with progressive loss of vision a nd diagnosed as primary papillary epithelial tumor. (Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - December 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Touch imprint cytology is useful for the intraoperative pathological diagnosis of PitNETs ’ surgical margins
In conclusion, recognizing a pattern of endocrine cell adherence to glass is highly effective in IPD to certify the existence of a PitNET component. (Source: Brain Tumor Pathology)
Source: Brain Tumor Pathology - October 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
