A2AR-mediated CXCL5 upregulation on macrophages promotes NSCLC progression via NETosis
In this study, we established an in vitro model of macrophage and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell co-culture to explore the mechanisms of cell-cell crosstalk. We observed that in NSCLC, the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) was upregulated in macrophages because of the stimulation of A2AR by adenosine. Adenosine was catalyzed by CD39 and CD73 in macrophages and tumor cells, respectively. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF κB) mediated the A2AR stimulation of CXCL5 upregulation in macrophages. Additionally, CXCL5 stimulated NETosis in neutrophils. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)-treated CD8+ T cells exhibited up...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 20, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A phase I trial of autologous RAK cell immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
ConclusionThis study suggests that autologous RAK cell immunotherapy is safe and has clinical activity in previously treated mRCC patients. The improvement in peripheral blood immune profiling after RAK cell infusion highlights its potential as a cancer treatment. Further investigation is necessary to understand its clinical utility. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 20, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Global real-world experiences with pembrolizumab in advanced urothelial carcinoma after platinum-based chemotherapy: the ARON-2 study
ConclusionsOur study confirms that pembrolizumab is effective in the advanced UC real-world context, showing outcome differences between patients recurred or progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 18, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Correction to: Dominant ‑negative transforming growth factor‑β receptor‑armoured mesothelin‑targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells slow tumour growth in a mouse model of ovarian cancer
(Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 18, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Intratumor injection of BCG Ag85A high-affinity peptides enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in PPD-positive melanoma
In conclusion, using the existing immune response of BCG vaccine by delivering high-affinity peptides of BCG to tumor area is a safe and promising therapy for cancer. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
TLR5 agonist in combination with anti-PD-1 treatment enhances anti-tumor effect through M1/M2 macrophage polarization shift and CD8+ T cell priming
In this study, we assessed the potential of enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors by activating innate immunity with a TLR5 agonist. In a mouse tumor model, combination therapy with TLR5 agonist and anti-PD-1 significantly inhibited tumor growth. The TLR5 agonist shifted the balance from M2-like to M1-like macrophages and upregulated the expression of co-stimulatory molecules in macrophages. Furthermore, TLR5 agonist promoted the activation and tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells. As a result, the TLR5 agonist augmented the anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD-1, suggesting its potential in modulating the tumor m...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Comparative performance of scFv-based anti-BCMA CAR formats for improved T cell therapy in multiple myeloma
In conclusion, this study showcases the need to study the influence of different CAR architectures based on an identical scFv individually. It indicates that current scFv-based anti-BCMA CAR with clinical utility may already be at their functional optimum regarding the known structural variations of the scFv linker. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Associations of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with toxicities and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
In conclusion, our results showed that G-CSF administration was not associated with the incidence or severity of CRS in patients with low BM tumor burden, but the incidence o f CRS was higher after G-CSF administration in patients with high BM tumor burden. The duration of CRS was prolonged in G-CSF group. G-CSF administration was not associated with the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to assess the potential of adoptive cell therapy
ConclusionWe could expand TILs from approximately one-third of HNSCC samples. TIL expansion could be applicable in HNSCC samples with diverse clinicopathological characteristics. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Integrating bulk and single-cell sequencing data to construct a Scissor+ dendritic cells prognostic model for predicting prognosis and immune responses in ESCC
AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized by molecular heterogeneity with various immune cell infiltration patterns, which have been associated with therapeutic sensitivity and resistance. In particular, dendritic cells (DCs) are recently discovered to be associated with prognosis and survival in cancer. However, how DCs differ among ESCC patients has not been fully comprehended. Recently, the advance of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables us to profile the cell types, states, and lineages in the heterogeneous ESCC tissues. Here, we dissect the ESCC tumor microenvironment at high resolut...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 15, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Incorporating IL7 receptor alpha signaling in the endodomain of B7H3-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells mediates antitumor activity in glioblastoma
AbstractCAR-T-cell therapy has shown promise in treating hematological malignancies but faces challenges in treating solid tumors due to impaired T-cell function in the tumor microenvironment. To provide optimal T-cell activation, we developed a B7 homolog 3 protein (B7H3)-targeting CAR construct consisting of three activation signals: CD3 ζ (signal 1), 41BB (signal 2), and the interleukin 7 receptor alpha (IL7Rα) cytoplasmic domain (signal 3). We generated B7H3 CAR-T cells with different lengths of the IL7Rα cytoplasmic domain, including the full length (IL7R-L), intermediate length (IL7R-M), and short length (IL7R-S) ...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 15, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
CD200 is overexpressed in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and predictive of overall survival
This study highlights the importance of CD200 expression in pancreatic cancer and provides the rationale for designing novel therapeutic strategies that target this protein. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 15, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
T-cell subsets and cytokines are indicative of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy responses in NSCLC
ConclusionNeoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy drives CD8 + T cells toward a proliferative and active profile. The frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + T cells, PD-1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells and Tregs at baseline might predict the response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC patients. The increase in IL-2 and CXCL10 might reflect the chemotaxis and enrichment of cytotoxic T cells at the tumor site and a better response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 15, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Dual-loss of PBRM1 and RAD51 identifies hyper-sensitive subset patients to immunotherapy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
ConclusionsPBRM1 and RAD51 dual-loss ccRCC indicates superior responses to immunotherapy. Dual-loss ccRCC harbors an immune-desert microenvironment but enriched with M1 macrophages. Dual-loss ccRCC is susceptible to defective homologous recombination but possesses high chromosomal stability. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 12, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Bifidobacterium modulation of tumor immunotherapy and its mechanism
AbstractThe advent of tumor immunotherapy in patients has revolutionized the treatment of tumors and significantly improved survival rates for a wide range of tumors. However, the full therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has yet to be realized, as not all patients have a lasting survival benefit from them, and a significant proportion of patients show primary or acquired resistance to immunotherapy.Bifidobacterium is one of the most common probiotics, and its antitumor and immunomodulatory effects have been demonstrated in recent years, but its immunomodulatory effects in tumors, especially on ICIs...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 2, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
