Cardiovascular TherapeuticsThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

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Stroke Prevention Versus Bleeding Risk of Vitamin-K Antagonists: A Double-Edged Sword in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Who Require SurgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Patients with atrial fibrillation taking vitamin-K antagonists and undergoing invasive interventions or large surgery procedures are at highest risk of bleeding complications. Therefore, the temporary interruption of vitamin-K antagonists and bridging with heparin is a frequent clinical need, particularly in patients with high risk for stroke. The management of such patients is challenging because of the lack of randomized clinical trials assessing different periprocedural anticoagulation approaches and inconsistent recommendations from consensus groups. Recent non-randomized trials have helped to estimate the risks of thr...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - November 10, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dobromir Dobrev, Andreas Goette, Ursula Ravens Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: journals

Regenerative Therapy in Peripheral Artery DiseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and critical limb ischemia are the main candidates for limb amputations and have a poor life expectancy. Frequently, these patients are not eligible for either surgical or percutaneous interventions aimed at mechanical revascularization. Therefore, new strategies need to be identified to offer these patients a viable therapeutic option. Gene and cell therapy hold great promise for the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases because, in animal models, local delivery of growth factors and endothelial progenitor cells result in new blood vessel formation and regeneration of isch...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - November 9, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Antonia Germani, Cristiana Di Campli, Giulio Pompilio, Paolo Biglioli, Maurizio C. Capogrossi Tags: REVIEWS Source Type: journals

Ability of Amiodarone and Propranolol Alone or in Combination to Prevent Post-coronary Bypass Atrial FibrillationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the best prophylaxis for AF prior to CABG. In this double-blind randomized study, 240 consecutive patients underwent elective CABG. They were then divided randomly into three groups to receive propranolol (n = 80), amiodarone (n = 80), or both drugs (n = 80). All groups received their medications from preoperative day 7 to post-CABG day 5. The patients were well matched for age, sex, risk factors, comorbidities, ejection fraction, and cardioplegic technique. Post-CABG AF deve...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - November 9, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Javad Kojuri, Yadollah Mahmoodi, Mansoor Jannati, Masih Shafa, Mohammad Ghazinoor, Mahammad Bagher Sharifkazemi Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Gender and Responses to Aspirin and Clopidogrel: Insights Using Short ThrombelastographyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There is significant variability in both baseline clotting tendency and response to antiplatelet therapy. Responses are associated with outcome. We have investigated whether differences could explain the increased risk observed in women presenting with coronary artery disease. We have utilized short thrombelastography to assess (i) baseline clotting responses, (ii) response to aspirin and clopidogrel, and (iii) post-treatment platelet reactivity in 48 young volunteers, 22 older patients and 18 patients with previous stent thrombosis. Baseline responses were significantly higher in young women than in men. While there was n...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - November 9, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Alex R. Hobson, Zeshan Qureshi, Phil Banks, Nick Curzen Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Effects of Laropiprant, a Selective Prostaglandin D2 Receptor 1 Antagonist, on the Pharmacokinetics of RosiglitazoneEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Laropiprant (LRPT), a prostaglandin D2 receptor-1 antagonist shown to reduce niacin-induced flushing symptoms, has been combined with niacin for treatment of dyslipidemia. This open-label, randomized, 2-period crossover study assessed the pharmacokinetics of single-dose rosiglitazone in the presence and absence of multiple-dose LRPT. Twelve healthy male and female subjects, 34[ndash]64 years of age, received two, once-daily oral treatments in random sequence separated by [ge]3-day washout: (1) multiple-dose LRPT 40 mg/day for 7 days (Days 1 to 7) coadministered with single-dose rosiglitazone 4 mg on Day 6; (2) single-dose ...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - November 9, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jules I. Schwartz, Mark Stroh, Bing Gao, Fang Liu, Kimberly Rosko, Stefan Zajic, Alan J. Meehan, Jon Ruckle, Eseng Lai, John A. Wagner Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Bridging of Chronic Oral Anticoagulation with Enoxaparin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Results from the Prospective BRAVE RegistryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Current American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines on the perioperative management of oral anticoagulation (OAC) suggest bridging therapy with therapeutic doses of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) if at high or moderate thromboembolic (TE) risk, and with reduced doses in patients with low TE risk. Our objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of bridging OAC with enoxaparin in AF patients. These are the results of an open, prospective monocenter register. Hospitalized and ambulatory patients with AF requiring bridging therapy at high or moderate TE risk and nor...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - November 9, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: C. Hammerstingl, A. Schmitz, R. Fimmers, H. Omran Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Drug–Drug NoninteractionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Understanding and documentation of drug[ndash]drug interactions (DDIs) are an important component of drug development, and of clinical therapeutics. Because clinical DDI studies are costly, time-consuming, and involve some risk, not all clinical DDI questions can be realistically addressed through human DDI trials. In vitro models have been used to identify and predict drug combinations that might interact, and combinations that are unlikely to interact. This screening or "filtration" information allows clinical resources to be targeted in a more informed way. Still, many DDI studies will end up with a negative result. Neg...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - November 9, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: David J. Greenblatt Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: journals

Zofenopril Plus Hydrochlorothiazide Fixed Combination in the Treatment of Hypertension and Associated Clinical ConditionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Zofenopril, is a highly lipophilic ACE inhibitor, characterized by long-lasting tissue penetration and sustained cardiac ACE inhibition, indicated for the treatment of hypertension and myocardial infarction. Comparative studies with different antihypertensive drug classes have demonstrated the good efficacy and tolerability of this compound in the management of the patient with mild[ndash]moderate hypertension. Zofenopril may also be combined with hydrochlorothiazide, a combination which has proved to be effective and safe as compared with monotherapy with either agent in three studies, including more than 600 patients. In...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - October 13, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Stefano Omboni, Ettore Malacco, Gianfranco Parati Source Type: journals

Valsartan Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertension: A Randomized, Double-Blind StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Endothelial dysfunction can predict cardiac outcomes in hypertension and reversing this abnormality has become an attractive therapeutic objective. We tested the hypothesis that blocking the angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor with valsartan in comparison with amlodipine would lead to an improvement in forearm resistance artery endothelial dysfunction. In total, 25 hypertensive subjects (mean age 60 years, SD 8) with a mean daytime ambulatory blood pressure (BP) of 154 (10)/97 (6) mmHg were randomized following a 3-week placebo run-in period to a double-blind, crossover trial of 16-week treatment periods with either valsarta...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - July 14, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nikolaos Tzemos, Pitt O. Lim, Thomas M. MacDonald Source Type: journals

Ticagrelor: The First Reversibly Binding Oral P2Y12 Receptor AntagonistEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ticagrelor (AZD6140) is the first reversibly binding oral P2Y12 receptor antagonist that blocks ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Unlike thienopyridines, which irreversibly bind to the P2Y12 receptor for the lifetime of the platelet, ticagrelor binds reversibly to the receptor and exhibits rapid onset and offset of effect, which closely follow drug exposure levels. Animal models indicate greater separation between antithrombotic effects and bleeding effects with ticagrelor than with thienopyridines. Unlike the thienopyridines, ticagrelor does not require metabolic activation. It is quickly absorbed and exhibits a rapid ant...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - July 10, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steen Husted, J.J.J. van Giezen Source Type: journals

Prescribing Statins to Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Real Cardiovascular Benefits Outweigh Theoretical Hepatotoxic RiskEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Statins are among the most widely prescribed drugs in the western world and play a significant role in reducing cardiovascular risk. However, concern regarding their hepatic safety profile has meant that patients with concurrent liver pathology are often denied such benefits. In this review we consider the evidence for and against the prescription of statins to patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a group typically associated with high cardiovascular risk. Contrary to current opinion, we find that there is considerable evidence for and little evidence against the prescription of statins to this population and su...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - June 24, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: P. Riley, M. Al Bakir, J. O'Donohue, M. Crook Source Type: journals

Heparin Anticoagulation Responsiveness in a Coronary Care Unit: A Prospective Observational StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was conducted at the coronary care unit (CCU) in one of the busiest hospitals in Kuwait; with special attention to the rate of heparin resistance, potential factor that may predict resistance or responsiveness and heparin related complications. A prospective observational study was conducted in Farwania hospital over a 4-month period; this study included 146 patients admitted to the CCU. Patients were treated with UFH according to a standard normogram. Several variables were collected and analyzed, including demographic data, initial diagnosis, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) on admission and at 6, ...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - June 1, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Faisal Alsayegh, Mona Al-Rasheed, Ali Al-Muhaini, Ekhlas Al-Humoud, Mona Al-Ostaz, Shaker A Mousa Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Ventricular Assist Device TherapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ventricular assist devices are an important therapeutic option for advanced congestive heart failure. A left ventricular assist device (LVAD) can be implanted as a bridge to transplantation or for the purpose of destination therapy. LVADs improve end-organ function and reduce morbidity and mortality in appropriately selected patients. The development of axial flow pumps has overcome many of the limitations of the first-generation pulsatile flow LVADs. However, many complications of LVAD therapy remain. Treating these complications requires an understanding of LVAD physiology. Ongoing research is directed at reducing the in...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gabriel Sayer, Yoshifumi Naka, Ulrich P. Jorde Tags: REVIEW Source Type: journals

Cilnidipine: A New Generation Ca2+ Channel Blocker with Inhibitory Action on Sympathetic Neurotransmitter ReleaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cilnidipine is a unique Ca2+ channel blocker with an inhibitory action on the sympathetic N-type Ca2+ channels, which is used for patients with hypertension in Japan. Cilnidipine has been clarified to exert antisympathetic actions in various examinations from cell to human levels, in contrast to classical Ca2+ channel blockers. Furthermore, renoprotective and neuroprotective effects as well as cardioprotective action of cilnidipine have been demonstrated in clinical practice or animal examinations. After the introduction of nifedipine as an antihypertensive drug, many Ca2+ channel blockers with long-lasting action for bloo...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Akira Takahara Tags: REVIEW Source Type: journals

Innate Immunity and Toll-like Receptor Antagonists: A Potential Role in the Treatment of Cardiovascular DiseasesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the current experimental and clinical evidence for the role of TLRs in the cardiovascular system, and examines the mechanisms by which TLR antagonists could potentially be used in targeted therapy. (Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics)
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Elaine Lin, Jane E. Freedman, Lea M. Beaulieu Tags: REVIEW Source Type: journals

Periplogenin-3-O- -D-Glucopyranosyl -(1→6)- -D-Glucopyaranosyl- -(1→4) -D-Cymaropyranoside, Isolated from Aegle marmelos Protects Doxorubicin Induced Cardiovascular Problems and Hepatotoxicity in RatsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Doxorubicin is a common chemotherapeutic anticancer drug. Its use is associated with adverse effects including cardiotoxicity. Several therapeutics interventions have been attempted to reduce the toxicity and to improve the efficacy of the drug. However, on phytochemicals very few investigations have been made. In the present study we have evaluated the potential of a cardenolide, periplogenin, isolated from the leaves of Aegle marmelos in protecting the doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rats. Doxorubicin induced cardiac and hepatotoxicity were characterized by marked biochemical changes in...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sunanda Panda, Anand Kar Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Long-Term Antiproteinuric Effect of Dual Renin–Angiotensin System BlockadeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We evaluated the long-term changes on overt proteinuria induced by dual blockade of the renin[ndash]angiotensin system (RAS). Dual blockade was produced by adding an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) to treatment with maximal recommended doses of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor in proteinuric patients. A total of 28 patients (19 men and 9 women) with proteinuria higher than 1 g/24 h were enrolled in this trial of treatment with the ARB candesartan (from 4 up to 32 mg daily) added to existing treatment with an ACE inhibitor. At 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, we evaluated proteinuria in 24-h urinary collectio...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: N.R. Robles, E. Fernandez Carbonero, B. Romero, E. Sánchez Casado, J.J. Cubero Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Compliance to Recommended Liver Function Monitoring in Patients on Statin TherapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined patients with first-time statin prescriptions and evaluated all laboratory liver function tests recorded before and after prescriptions from 1st January 2002 to 31st December 2002. Of the 5717 patients identified, 54% were male and the subjects had a mean age of 62 ± 14 standard deviation (SD) years. The prescriptions yielded five types of statin and included the start date, dose, and number of tablets. In total, 1455 (25%) patients had no biochemistry data at all from the year 2002, and despite the 75% of patients who had an ALT measurement, over 90% of patients did not follow the current recommendations. The...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Heather Leaver, Tiong Keng Lim, Philip Thomson, Joanne Leaver, Anna M. J. Choy, Chim C. Lang Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

Performing Repeated Noninvasive Bedside Measures of Volume Response to Intravenous Furosemide in Acute Pulmonary Edema: A Feasibility AssessmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Optimizing responses to intravenous furosemide (ivF) in acute pulmonary edema is limited by current insensitive noninvasive means of volume assessment. We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of performing repeated measures of echocardiographic and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) parameters and test their response as noninvasive markers of volume response to ivF. We also aimed to identify the most potentially sensitive markers of this response. Patients receiving ivF for a clinical diagnosis of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema were studied. Echocardiographic and BIA parameters were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Marie J. Ng Kam Chuen, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Robert J. MacFadyen Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals

ThiaZolidineDiones and the Influence of Media Adverse Reporting on Prescribing Attitudes in PraCTice (TZD-IMPACT) StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Prescribing behavior may be linked to media influence rather than to scientific evidence. Recently, the oral diabetic drug class of thiazolidinedione has been under the spotlight because of concerns over their cardiovascular safety. We have therefore conducted an electronic questionnaire survey among prescribing physicians in Tayside, Scotland to evaluate the prescribing attitudes and knowledge of the available evidence regarding the cardiovascular safety of thiazolidinedione use. Nationally representative prescribing data thoughout Scotland and Tayside from the IMS Health RSA dataset were also examined. Prescriptions for ...
Source: Cardiovascular Therapeutics - May 7, 2009 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jacob George, Stuart Hannah V, Chim C. Lang Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: journals