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Evidence-based adjustment of antibiotic in pediatric complicated appendicitis in the era of antibiotic resistanceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions One-fourth of children with gangrenous or ruptured appendicitis were insensitive to the current regime. This study provides evidence-based information on the choice of antibiotics. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00383-009-2540-6Authors Kin Wai Edwin Chan, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Surgery Hong Kong SAR ChinaKim Hung Lee, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Sur...
Source: Pediatric Surgery International - November 18, 2009 Category: Surgery Tags: Pediatric Surgery International Source Type: journals

Impact of a Change in Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Total Antibiotic Use in a Surgical Intensive Care UnitEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion Change to single shot prophylaxis along with an ongoing antibiotic stewardship program resulted in a cut-back in total antibiotic use amounting to as much as 15%. It would therefore appear that targeting interventions aimed at reducing antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical ICUs may be very worthwhile. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical and Epidemiological StudyDOI 10.1007/s15010-009-9115-2Authors E. Meyer, Charité University Medicine Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine Hindenburgdamm 27 12203 Berlin GermanyF. Schwab, Charité University Medicine Institute of Hygiene and...
Source: Infection - November 11, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Infection Source Type: journals

Effect of Periarticular Corticosteroid Injections During Total Knee Arthroplasty. A Double-Blind Randomized TrialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The periarticular injection of a corticosteroid may reduce the length of the hospital stay following total knee arthroplasty, but it does not appear to improve pain relief, motion, or function in the early postoperative period. While we cannot definitively state that the corticosteroid was a causative factor in the development of the infection at the site of the prosthetic joint, we cannot rule it out either, which raises concern regarding the role of corticosteroids in perioperative pain management following total knee arthroplasty. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions to Authors for a com...
Source: JBJS [Am] - November 2, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Christensen, C. P., Jacobs, C. A., Jennings, H. R. Tags: Adult Knee Scientific Articles Source Type: journals

ZINACEF (Cefuroxime) Injection, Solution ZINACEF (Cefuroxime) Injection, Powder, Lyophilized, For Solution [SmithKline Beecham Corporation]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Updated Date: Nov 2, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))
Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) - November 2, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: organizations

Molecular and biochemical characterization of the natural chromosome-encoded class A {beta}-lactamase from Pseudomonas luteola.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pseudomonas luteola (formerly classified as CDC group Ve-1 and named Chryseomonas luteola) is an unusual pathogen implicated in rare but serious infections in humans. A novel beta-lactamase gene, blaLUT-1 was cloned from the whole-cell DNA of the P. luteola clinical isolate LAM, which had a weak narrow-spectrum beta-lactam-resistant phenotype, and expressed in Escherichia coli. This gene encoded LUT-1, a 296-amino acid Ambler class A beta-lactamase with a pI value of 6 and a theoretical molecular mass of 28.9 kD. The catalytic efficiency of this enzyme was higher for cephalothin, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime than for pen...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Doublet B, Robin F, Casin I, Fabre L, Le Fleche A, Bonnet R, Weill FX Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae Respiratory Tract Isolates in Korea: Results of the Nationwide Acute Respiratory Infections Surveillance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and beta-lactam resistance mechanisms of 544 H. influenzae isolates through the nationwide Acute Respiratory Infections Surveillance (ARIS) network in Korea during 2005 and 2006 were determined. Resistance to ampicillin was 58.5%, followed by cefuroxime (23.3%), clarithromycin (18.7%), cefaclor (17.0%), amoxicillin/clavulanate (10.4%), and chloramphenicol (8.1%). Levofloxacin and cefotaxime were the most active agents tested in this study. beta-lactamase production (52.4%) was the main mechanism of ampicillin resistance, with the rate (96.1%) of TEM-1 type beta-lactamase. According...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bae S, Lee J, Lee J, Kim E, Lee S, Yu J, Kang Y Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Effect of periarticular corticosteroid injections during total knee arthroplasty. A double-blind randomized trial.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The periarticular injection of a corticosteroid may reduce the length of the hospital stay following total knee arthroplasty, but it does not appear to improve pain relief, motion, or function in the early postoperative period. While we cannot definitively state that the corticosteroid was a causative factor in the development of the infection at the site of the prosthetic joint, we cannot rule it out either, which raises concern regarding the role of corticosteroids in perioperative pain management following total knee arthroplasty. PMID: 19884426 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Journal of Bone and Joi...
Source: The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume - November 1, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Christensen CP, Jacobs CA, Jennings HR Tags: J Bone Joint Surg Am Source Type: journals

Cefuroxime dilution error.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Inadvertent intracameral (3 mg in 0.1 mL) cefuroxime injection did not cause any detectable adverse effect on ocular tissues. PMID: 19882526 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: European Journal of Ophthalmology - October 27, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Sakarya Y, Sakarya R Tags: Eur J Ophthalmol Source Type: journals

Empiric antibiotic therapy in acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections and fluoroquinolone resistance: a prospective observational studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: The aims of this study were to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of urinary isolates from community acquired acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTI) and to evaluate which antibiotics were empirically prescribed in the outpatient management of uUTI. Methods: Among the patients which were admitted to outpatient clinics of Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ibni-Sina Hospital during 2005-2006, a total of 429 women between the age of 18 and 65 years old who were clinically diagnosed with uUTI and to whom prescribed empirical antibiotics were enrolled in this prospective observational s...
Source: BioMed Central - October 23, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Cenk AypakAdalet AltunsoyNursen Duzgun Source Type: journals

Clinical research The effect of treatment on lipid peroxidation in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhageEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Surgical and pharmacological treatment of SAH patients restored prooxidant-antioxidant balance. Evaluation of TBARS and CD level, in SAH patients’ peripheral blood may help to monitor the therapy efficiency in normalization of CNS oxygen metabolism. (Source: Articles of Archives of Medical Science - TERMEDIA publishing house)
Source: Articles of Archives of Medical Science - TERMEDIA publishing house - October 22, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: journals

Med Sci Monit 2009; 15(11):PI61-65 "Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli in outpatient urinary isolates in Izmir, Turkey"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The most important finding of our study is that a considerable proportion of the studied E. coli isolates were resistant to most antibiotics except amikacin. These data provide useful information for clinicians in determining the appropriate empirical antimicrobial regimen, and help authorities to formulate antibiotic prescription policies. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)
Source: Medical Science Monitor - October 19, 2009 Category: Research Tags: Original article Source Type: journals

Rare extraintestinal infection caused by toxin-producing Clostridium difficile.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report here on rare extraintestinal infection caused by toxigenic C. difficile: 31-year-old male, accident victim was admitted to the hospital because of polytrauma. Microbiological examination of the pus revealed a toxin-producing C. difficile as an etiologic factor of this infection. Empiric antibiotic treatment with cefuroxime had been administered right after the positive microbiological result. On the basis of antibiotic susceptibility testing, the isolated strain was susceptible to most antimicrobials, except from cefoxitin, thus cefuroxime was changed to imipenem. PMID: 19835967 [PubMed - as supplied by publi...
Source: Anaerobe - October 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Urbán E, Terhes G, Markotics A, Sóki J, Nagy E Tags: Anaerobe Source Type: journals

Antibacterial class is not obviously important in outpatient pneumonia: a meta-analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: DARE Area: Evidence > Disease Focused Reviews CRD Summary: This review assessed whether improved clinical and mortality outcomes are achieved for outpatient community acquired pneumonia treated with antibacterials with coverage against atypical organisms. The authors concluded that there was no evidence of superiority for any drug comparison. Given some methodological uncertainties identified in the review process, the extent to which this conclusion was reliable was unclear. [The included studies assessed the following oral therapies at differing doses: fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin...
Source: NeLM - Infectious Diseases - October 8, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: organizations

Implant orthopaedic surgery in HIV asymptomatic carriers: Management and early outcomeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The authors conclude that if a prolonged prophylactic antibiotic therapy and systematic antiretroviral therapy are given to HIV immune-depressed carriers undergoing implant orthopaedic surgery, their post-operative infection risk may be close to that of non-HIV carriers. (Source: Injury)
Source: Injury - October 5, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: J. Bahebeck, D. Handy Eone, B. Ngo Nonga, T. Ndjie Kingue, M. Sosso Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Anti-inflammatory effects of antibacterials on human bronchial epithelial cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Human Bronchial epithelial cells (hu-BEC) have been claimed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory airway diseases like COPD. In this context IL-8 and GM-CSF have been shown to be key cytokines. Some antibiotics which are routinely used to treat lower respiratory tract infections have been shown to exert additional immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated whether these effects can also be detected in hu-BEC. Methods: Hu-BEC obtained from patients undergoing lung resections were transferred to air-liquid-interface (ALI) culture. These cultures were incubated ...
Source: BioMed Central - September 28, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Gregor ZimmermannClaus NeurohrHeidrun Villena-HermozaRudolf HatzJuergen Behr Source Type: journals

Reply: Cataract surgery in infant eyes with microphthalmosEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Khokhar and Dave express concern about the efficacy and safety of intracameral vancomycin in pediatric eyes in which PCCC and anterior vitrectomy have been performed. In the ESCRS endophthalmitis study, the use of intracameral cefuroxime in adults reduced the risk for endophthalmitis. Intracameral vancomycin has been safely and effectively used in adults for endophthalmitis prophylaxis. We believe it will be equally effective in pediatric eyes. In our series, we patched the child's eye for 2 hours only, following which the patch was removed and antibiotic eyedrops were started. Therefore, by the time anterior chamber clear...
Source: Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery - September 24, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Viraj A. Vasavada Tags: Letters Source Type: journals

Cefuroxime axetil/dextromethorphan/paracetamol/pseudoephedrine: Arrhythmias and shock: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - September 21, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Cefuroxime: Pemphigus erythematous: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - September 21, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Characterization of a New Metallo-{beta}-lactamase gene, blaNDM-1, and a novel erythromycin esterase gene carried on a unique genetic structure in Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 14 from India.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A Swedish patient of Indian origin travelled to New Delhi and acquired a UTI caused by a carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae typing to complex ST14. The isolate, K. pneumoniae 05-506, was shown to possess a metallo-beta-lactamase (MBLs) but was negative for previously known MBL genes. Gene libraries and amplification of class 1 integrons revealed three resistant regions; the first, contained blaCMY-4 flanked by ISEcP1 and blc. The second region of 4.8 kb contained a complex class 1 integron with the gene cassettes, arr-2, a new erythromycin esterase gene, ereC, aadA1 and cmlA7. An intact ISCR1 was shown to be do...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - September 20, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yong D, Toleman MA, Giske CG, Cho HS, Sundman K, Lee K, Walsh TR Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical bacterial isolates in a University HospitalEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to determine the patterns of bacterial isolates found in blood culture of patients with bactermia in King Abdul Aziz University Hospital in addition to determination of antibiotic resistance. A retrospective analysis of the 672 positive samples collected over the period of December 2006–December 2008. The observed mean age was 40 years with comparable distribution in both genders. 65.2% of the population were Non-Saudi. 65.5% of isolates were Gram positive, mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis, on the other hand Klebsiella was the common Gram negative bacteria. Diabetes has been observed in 3...
Source: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease - August 24, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Maimoonaa Mushtaq Ahmed, Sami Bahlas Tags: Invited Submissions - The Hajj Source Type: journals

Endophthalmitis following cataract surgery: The sucking corneal woundEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We were quite surprised, and also concerned, to note that a patient given the proposed Northern European panacea for prevention of endophthalmitis following cataract surgery (that is, intracameral cefuroxime) developed bilateral postoperative endophthalmitis. This occurred 4 days after bilateral cataract surgery performed at the same sitting. (Source: Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery - August 18, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Ian C. Francis, Athena Roufas, Edwin C. Figueira, Vivek B. Pandya, Gaurav Bhardwaj, Jeanie Chui Tags: Correspondence Source Type: journals

Clinical observations associated with proven and unproven cases in the ESCRS study of prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Swollen lids, pain, and an opaque vitreous were statistically associated with proven endophthalmitis cases in the ESCRS study. (Source: Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery - August 18, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Peter Barry, Susanne Gardner, David Seal, George Gettinby, Fiona Lees, Magnus Peterson, Crawford Revie, ESCRS Endophthalmitis Study Group Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 3 among Costa Rican Children with Otitis Media: clinical, epidemiological characteristics and antimicrobial resistance patternsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 is an important pathogen in Costa Rican children with otitis media, especially in children older than 24 months of age (P=0.05). Most serotype 3 isolates were susceptible to penicillin, cephalosporins, macrolides and quinolones. (Source: BMC Pediatrics - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Pediatrics - Latest articles - August 13, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Arturo AbdelnourCarolina SoleySilvia GuevaraNurith PoratRon DaganAdriano Arguedas Source Type: journals

Role of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia in Vienna, AustriaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
No recent Austrian data are available on the epidemiology and morbidity of Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) as causative agent in youths and children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). These data would serve as a rationale for empiric antimicrobial therapy.During winter months 2006/7 112 immunocompetent youths and children between 2 months and 18 years hospitalized consecutively with CAP were prospectively enrolled. Microbiological detection of conventional bacteria, Mycoplasma pneumoniae as well as respiratory viruses was performed, and clinical signs as well as indices of inflammation were docu...
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - August 9, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Herbert Kurz, Hubert Göpfrich, Leila Wabnegger, Petra Apfalter Source Type: journals

Macrolide-Induced Digoxin Toxicity: A Population-Based Study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this 15-year, population-based, nested case-control study, we investigated the association between hospitalization for digoxin toxicity and recent exposure to individual macrolide antibiotics. Clarithromycin was associated with the highest risk of digoxin toxicity (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 14.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.9-27.9), whereas erythromycin and azithromycin were associated with much lower risk (adjusted OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.7-7.9; and adjusted OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.1-12.5, respectively). We found no increased risk with a neutral comparator, cefuroxime (adjusted OR 0.8; 95% CI 0.2-3.4).Clinical Pharmacology &am...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - July 14, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gomes T, Mamdani MM, Juurlink DN Tags: Clin Pharmacol Ther Source Type: journals

Quantification and prediction of skin pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and cefuroximeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, this study shows that it is possible to generate a reasonable prediction of skin pharmacokinetics from any plasma level once a careful characterization of the transfer process between plasma and skin has been made. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition)
Source: Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition - July 10, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chinmay Shukla, Vishal Patel, Ravi Juluru, Grazia Stagni Source Type: journals

Bacterial contamination of blood and blood components in three major blood transfusion centers, accra, ghana.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bacterial contamination of blood and its products at the three major blood transfusion centers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Stored whole blood and its products were cultured on different media, and isolates were identified using standard biochemical and bacteriological methods. The susceptibility of the isolates to selected antimicrobial agents was also determined by the disc diffusion method. The overall prevalence rate was 9% (28/303; whole blood, 13% [24/192]; plasma, 3% [2/79]; platelet, 9% [2/22]). The Gram-positive bacteria isolated were coagulase-negat...
Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases - June 30, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Adjei AA, Kuma GK, Tettey Y, Ayeh-Kumi PF, Opintan J, Apeagyei F, Ankrah JO, Adiku TK, Narter-Olaga EG Tags: Jpn J Infect Dis Source Type: journals

Peritonsillar abscess in children in the southern district of IsraelEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Peritonsillar abscess, a potentially life threatening infection, is similar in presentation and bacteriology in the pediatric and the adult population. Based on our review we conclude that peritonsillar abscess in children can be effectively treated by the same methods used in the adult population. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - June 29, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Nili Segal, Sabri El-Saied, Max Puterman Tags: Research papers Source Type: journals

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of thermophilic Campylobacter isolates from free range domestic duck (Cairina moschata) in Morogoro municipality, TanzaniaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of thermophilic Campylobacter isolated from free-ranging ducks was determined in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Ninety intestinal contents from ducks were screened for thermophilic Campylobacter using Skirrow’s protocol. Of the Campylobacter jejuni isolates, 50 were tested for sensitivity to 12 antibiotics. Overall prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter was 80%. The prevalence of Campylobacter in adult ducks (91.3%) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than ducklings (68.2%). The isolation rate of C. jejuni (81.9%) was significantly (P < 0.001...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - June 29, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Tropical Animal Health and Production Source Type: journals

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Intracameral Cefuroxime Use for Prophylaxis of Endophthalmitis after Cataract SurgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Administration of intracameral cefuroxime is relatively cost-effective in preventing endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Owing to their high costs, many commonly used topical antibiotics are not cost-effective compared with intracameral cefuroxime, even under optimistic assumptions about their efficacy.Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article. (Source: Ophthalmology)
Source: Ophthalmology - June 28, 2009 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Emile Sharifi, Travis C. Porco, Ayman Naseri Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Immediate-type allergic reaction to cefuroxime: cross-reactivity with other cephalosporins, and good tolerance to ceftazidime.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19476025 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology)
Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology - June 27, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Varela Losada S, González de la Cuesta C, Alvarez-Eire MG, González González C Tags: J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol Source Type: journals

A New Semi-Physiological Absorption Model to Assess the Pharmacodynamic Profile of Cefuroxime Axetil using Nonparametric and Parametric Population Pharmacokinetics.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cefuroxime axetil is widely used to treat respiratory tract infections. We are not aware of a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for cefuroxime axetil. Our objectives were to develop a semi-physiological population PK model and evaluate the pharmacodynamic (PD) profile for cefuroxime axetil. Twenty-four healthy volunteers received 250mg oral cefuroxime as suspension after a standardized breakfast. LC-MS/MS was used for drug analysis, NONMEM and S-ADAPT (results reported) for parametric population PK, and NPAG for nonparametric population PK modeling. Monte Carlo simulations were used to predict the time of non-prote...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - June 14, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Bulitta JB, Landersdorfer CB, Kinzig M, Holzgrabe U, Sorgel F Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Cefuroxime: Drug hypersensitivity: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - June 9, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

The ARESC study: an international survey on the antimicrobial resistance of pathogens involved in uncomplicated urinary tract infectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The ARESC (Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiological Survey on Cystitis) study is an international survey to investigate the prevalence and susceptibility of pathogens causing cystitis. Female patients (n=4264) aged 18–65 years with symptoms of uncomplicated cystitis were consecutively enrolled in nine European countries as well as Brazil during 2003–2006. Pathogens were identified and their susceptibility to nine antimicrobials was determined. Escherichia coli accounted for 76.7% of isolates. Among E. coli, 10.3% of the isolates were resistant to at last three different classes of antimicrobial agents. Resist...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - June 8, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gian Carlo Schito, Kurt G. Naber, Henry Botto, Juan Palou, Teresita Mazzei, Laura Gualco, Anna Marchese Tags: Full length articles Source Type: journals

Cefuroxime: Drug hypersensitivity: case report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 12 (Source: Reactions Weekly)
Source: Reactions Weekly - June 7, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: HTML Source Type: journals

Evidence for PracticeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Prophylactic regimens for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery include topical antibiotic drops and local antisepsis. However, there is increasing attention on the value of intracameral injection of antibiotics at the close of cataract surgery because this provides immediate, high, sustained antibiotic levels. Cefuroxime has been documented to be safe and effective when used via the intracameral route, and research continues on other antibiotic agents that may prove safe for intracameral injection as alternatives to address ongoing shifts in antimicrobial spectra and sensitivities. Fourth generation fluoroquinolones have...
Source: AORN Journal - June 1, 2009 Category: Nursing Authors: George Allen Tags: Departments Source Type: journals

Characterization of two plasmid-encoded cefotaximases found in clinical Escherichia coli isolates: CTX-M-65 and a novel enzyme, CTX-M-87.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Three clinical strains of Escherichia coli (p168, p517 and p667) were collected in 2006 from three hospitals in Anhui Province (China). PCR and DNA sequencing revealed that E. coli p168 carried a novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), which was designated CTX-M-87. The extended-spectrum beta-lactamase which was carried by E. coli p517 and E. coli p667 was previously named CTX-M-65. The deduced amino acid sequence of CTX-M-87, with pI 9.1, differed from that of CTX-M-14 by the substitutions Ala77-->Val and Pro167-->Leu. Like CTX-M-14, CTX-M-87 had a more potent hydrolytic activity against cefotaxime than a...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - June 1, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yin J, Cheng J, Sun Z, Ye Y, Gao YF, Li JB, Zhang XJ Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Interplay of Efflux, Impermeability, and AmpC Activity Contributes to Cefuroxime Resistance in Clinical, Non-ESBL-Producing Isolates of Escherichia coliEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Microbial Drug Resistance , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Microbial Drug Resistance)
Source: Microbial Drug Resistance - May 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Assessment of methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidases of Borrelia burgdorferi as targets for novel antimicrobials using a novel high-throughput methodEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions On the basis of our analysis, we expect that structure-based modification of the inhibitors can be employed to develop highly effective novel antibiotics against Lyme spirochaetes. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Cornell, K. A., Primus, S., Martinez, J. A., Parveen, N. Tags: Original research Source Type: journals

Influence of different resistance traits on the competitive growth of Haemophilus influenzae in antibiotic-free medium and selection of resistant populations by different {beta}-lactams: an in vitro pharmacodynamic approachEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions Cefditoren offered higher antibacterial effect than cefuroxime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid against a mixed population of H. influenzae strains due to its higher activity against β-lactamase-producing strains and those carrying ftsI gene mutations. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Gonzalez, N., Aguilar, L., Alou, L., Gimenez, M.-J., Sevillano, D., Torrico, M., Cafini, F., Coronel, P., Prieto, J. Tags: Original research Source Type: journals

Temporal effects of antibiotic use and Clostridium difficile infectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions These results provide support for antibiotic policies that minimize the use of broad-spectrum penicillins (co-amoxiclav and piperacillin/tazobactam), cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Vernaz, N., Hill, K., Leggeat, S., Nathwani, D., Philips, G., Bonnabry, P., Davey, P. Tags: Original research Source Type: journals

Soft tissue penetration of cefuroxime determined by clinical microdialysis in morbidly obese patients undergoing abdominal surgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the findings of this pilot study indicate that cefuroxime distributes into the ISF of muscle and s.c. adipose tissue of morbidly obese patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Concentrations in the ISF of soft tissues following a single 1.5g dose may be high enough to prevent infections with Gram-positive organisms but may be insufficient to prevent infections with Gram-negative organisms. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 3, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: April Barbour, Stephan Schmidt, W. Robert Rout, Kfir Ben-David, Olaf Burkhardt, Hartmut Derendorf Tags: Full length articles Source Type: journals

Synthesis, structural characterization and antibacterial activity of novel 7beta-{[3-(substituted phenyl)-2-propenoyl]amino}-3-[(2,5-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2-methyl)-5-oxo-cis-triazin-3-yl]-thiomethyl-cefalosporins.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A series of 3-[(2,5-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2-methyl)-5-oxo-cis-triazin-3-yl]-thiomethyl-cefalosporins with various 3-phenyl-2-propenoyl substituted groups at the 7beta-position were synthesized, structurally characterized and evaluated for antibacterial activity in vitro. To prepare these derivatives by the Vilsmeier's reagent method, it was necessary to carefully control the reaction conditions in order to avoid the formation of the biologically inactive alpha epimer. The NMR studies showed that the 3-phenyl-2-propenoyl moiety has little effect on chemical shifts of cephem nucleus protons and carbon atoms. Some of these ce...
Source: Medicinal Chemistry - April 30, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Rodríguez Z, López MA, González M, Tolón B, Nadal L, González L, Vélez H, Fini A Tags: Med Chem Source Type: journals

Antibiotic therapy improves psoriasisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Antibiotic therapy may improve psoriatic skin lesions, report researchers after studying long-term cefuroxime axetil administration. (Source: MedWire News - Psoriasis)
Source: MedWire News - Psoriasis - April 10, 2009 Category: Dermatology Source Type: news

Improvement of psoriasis after antibiotic therapy with cefuroxime axetilEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology)
Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology - April 2, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: I Walecka, M Olszewska, A Rakowska, M Slowinska, J Sicinska, E Piekarczyk, E Kowalska-Oledzka, B Goralska, L Rudnicka Source Type: journals

Bartholinitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae: case report and review of literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Most of the Bartholin's gland abscesses have been thought to be caused by colonizing micro-organisms of the perineal region. We encountered an interesting case of acute Bartholins abscess caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in a primigravida. The abscess was incised and drained. The patient was treated with Cefuroxime. This case is presented for its rarity. PMID: 19332936 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology)
Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology - April 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Parvathi S, Imara AS, Thoduka TG Tags: Indian J Pathol Microbiol Source Type: journals

Cefuroxime axetil/furosemide interaction: First report of an interaction, leading to fatal toxic epidermal necrolysis and granulocytopenia in an elderly patient: case report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Page: 12 (Source: Reactions Weekly)
Source: Reactions Weekly - March 25, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: HTML Source Type: journals

Suboptimal therapy and clinical management of gonorrhoea in an area with high-level antimicrobial resistanceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, It is crucial to develop treatment guidelines according to regional antimicrobial resistances and educational programmes to improve clinical care for genital gonococcal diseases. (Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS)
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS - March 20, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Chen, P-L, Hsieh, Y-H, Lee, H-C, Ko, N-Y, Lee, N-Y, Wu, C-J, Chang, C-M, Lee, C-C, Ko, W-C Tags: Original research articles Source Type: journals

Activity of ceftobiprole and other cephalosporins against extracellular and intracellular (THP-1 macrophages, keratinocytes) forms of Methicillin-Sensitive (MSSA) and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
S. aureus is an opportunistic intracellular organism. Although poorly accumulating in eukaryotic cells, beta-lactams show activity against intracellular MSSA if exposure times and drug concentrations are sufficient. Intraphagocytic MRSA are susceptible to penicillins and carbapenems because acidic pH favors the acylation of PBP 2a by these beta-lactams through pH-induced conformational change. Ceftobiprole, showing almost similar in vitro activities against MRSA and MSSA in broth, was examined for intracellular activity (THP-1 macrophages, keratinocytes) against a panel of hospital-acquired and community-acquired MRSA ...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - March 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Lemaire S, Glupczynski Y, Duval V, Joris B, Tulkens PM, Van Bambeke F Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Cefuroxime: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - March 11, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals