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364 records returned

N-Nitrosopiperidine and N-Nitrosodibutylamine induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via the caspase dependent pathway.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study also addresses the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as intermediates for apoptosis signaling. A significant increase in ROS levels was observed after NPIP treatment, whereas NDBA did not induce ROS. However, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) did not block NPIP-induced apoptosis. All these findings suggest that NPIP and NDBA induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via a pathway that involves caspases but not ROS. PMID: 19748591 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - September 9, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: García A, Morales P, Rafter J, Haza AI Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Silencing of calpain expression reduces the metastatic potential of human osteosarcoma cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the involvement of calpains, a family of calcium-activated, cysteine proteases, in the invasive and metastatic processes of human osteosarcoma cells. By using siRNA treatment, the expression of mu- and m-calpains were downregulated in human Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells. Both the adhesive and invasive potentials were significantly attenuated in calpain siRNA-transfected human Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells. MMPs are the main factors involved in malignant tumor invasion and metastasis. siRNA of calpains also significantly inhibited the secretion of MMP-2 in Saos-2 cells. These results suggest that mu- and m-calpains are im...
Source: Cell Biology International - September 7, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Fan DG, Dai JY, Tang J, Wu MM, Sun SG, Jiang JL, Fan QY Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Genistein induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells via activation of DNA damage checkpoint pathways.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Genistein is a major isoflavonoid in dietary soybean, commonly consumed in Asia. Genistein exerts inhibitory effects on the proliferation of various cancer cells and plays an important role in cancer prevention. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of genistein on human ovarian cancer cells are still little known. We show that exposure of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells to genistein induces DNA damage, and triggers G2/M-phase arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, we also found that checkpoint proteins ATM and ATR are phosphorylated and activated in the cells treated with genistein. It is also shown that genis...
Source: Cell Biology International - September 1, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Ouyang G, Yao L, Ruan K, Song G, Mao Y, Bao S Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Cytotoxicity of calotropin is through caspase activation and downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins in K562 cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Calotropin is one of cardenolides isolated from milkweed used for medicinal purposes in many Asian countries. Whereas calotropin possesses cytotoxicity against several cancer cells, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. We set out to evaluate the cytotoxic mechanism of calotropin on human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Calotropin inhibited the growth of K562 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner by G(2)/M phase arrest. It upregulated the expression of p27 leading to this arrest by downregulating the G2/M regulatory proteins, cyclins A and B, and by upregulating the cdk inhibitor, p27. Furthermore, it down...
Source: Cell Biology International - September 1, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang SC, Lu MC, Chen HL, Tseng HI, Ke YY, Wu YC Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Diameters of microtubules change during rotation of the lipotubuloids of Ornithogalum umbellatum stipule epidermis as a result of varying protofilament monomers sizes and distance between them.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Microtubules in lipotubuloids of the O. umbellatum stipule epidermis cells change their diameters depending on the motion of the cytoplasmic domains rich in microtubules and lipid bodies. Microtubules fixed during rotary and progressive motion of the lipotubuloids composed of the same number of protofilaments fall into two populations - wide (43-58nm) and narrow (24-39nm) in size. Following blockage of the motion with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), the range of this diversity is smaller, microtubules become a medium-sized population (34-48nm). When DNP is removed and the motion reactivated, 2 populations of microtubules reap...
Source: Cell Biology International - September 1, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Maria K, Dariusz S, Katarzyna P Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Effects of colchicine or demecolcine on cytoplasmic protrusions and assisted enucleation of golden hamster oocytes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To establish experimental protocols for cloning golden hamsters, optimal concentrations of colchicine and demecolcine were determined for inducing cytoplasmic protrusion (containing chromosomes) and assisting enucleation of their oocytes. Denuded oocytes at different ages were treated with 2.5-10 mug/ml of colchicine for 1-4h or 0.02-0.6 mug/ml of demecolcine for 15-60min. Cytoplasmic protrusions of oocytes were removed with a micromanipulation pipette. The results show that: 1) at 13.5-18h post-hCG injection, approximately 90% of oocytes treated for with 10 mug/ml of colchicine formed cytoplasmic protrusions, and in s...
Source: Cell Biology International - September 1, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang L, Jiang H, Li D, Li Z Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Gene networks involved in apoptosis induced by hyperthermia in human lymphoma U937 cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To define the molecular mechanisms that mediate hyperthermia-induced apoptosis, we performed microarray and computational gene expression analyses. U937 cells, a human myelomonocytic lymphoma cell line, were treated with hyperthermia at 42 degrees C for 90min and cultured at 37 degrees C. Apoptotic cells ( approximately 15%) were seen 6h after hyperthermic treatment in about, and expression increased of heat shock proteins (HSPs) including Hsp27, Hsp40, and Hsp70 following the activation of heat shock factor-1. Of the 54,675 probe sets analyzed, 1,334 were upregulated and 4,214 were downregulated by >2.0-fold in the...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 31, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Furusawa Y, Tabuchi Y, Takasaki I, Wada S, Ohtsuka K, Kondo T Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Generation and Characterization of Functional Cardiomyocytes using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells derived from Human Fibroblasts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have successfully developed both spontaneous and inductive cardiomyocyte differentiation of iPS cells reprogrammed from human foreskin fibroblasts. The reprogrammed iPS cells morphologically resemble human cardiomyocytes which can beat. RT-PCR and immunostaining show that cardiac markers are expressed that are comparable to the differentiation pattern of authentic human embryonic stem cells, indicating the existence of both immature and mature differentiated cardiomyocytes. 5-azacytidine greatly enhanced the efficiency of cardiomyocyte differentiation, whereas dimethylsulfoxide had no effect. Low serum and bone morp...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 30, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Gai H, Leung EL, Costantino PD, Aguila JR, Nguyen DM, Fink LM, Ward DC, Ma Y Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Targeting apoptosis in the hormone- and drug-resistant prostate cancer cell line, DU-145, by gossypol/zoledronic acid combination.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Possible synergistic cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of gossypol with zoledronic acid on DU-145 cells were explored, along with the rationale behind any observed synergism due to the different apoptotic proteins involved. XTT cell proliferation assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity, and DNA fragmentation and caspase 3/7 activity were measured to verify apoptosis. Human Apoptosis Array was used to evaluate apoptotic proteins. The synergistic cytotoxic combination treatment had a versatile effect on apoptotic proteins, through inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins (including cIAP-1, cIAP-2, survivin, livin, claspin, ...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 26, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Sanli UA, Gorumlu G, Erten C, Gul MK, Cengiz E, Kucukzeybek Y, Karaca B, Atmaca H, Uzunoglu S, Karabulut B, Uslu R Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Could co-transplantation of iPS cells derived hepatocytes and MSCs cure end-stage liver disease?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Orthotopic liver transplantation is, to date, the only proven effective treatment for end-stage liver disease. However, it suffers from lack of donors and immunorejection. Here, we speculate that co-transplantation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells derived hepatocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may offer an alternative way to treat patients with end-stage liver disease. Recently, progress on iPS cells, homogeneous differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells from embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and paracrine effects by MSCs highlight the possibility. Safe, efficient and rapid generation of iPS cells has been reli...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 26, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu T, Wang Y, Tai G, Zhang S Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Effects of an endothelial cell conditioned medium on the hematopoietic and endothelial differentiation of embryonic stem cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, mEC-CM can efficiently promote the differentiation of mESCs into endothelial cells and hematopoietic colony-forming cells. The differentiated endothelial-like cells can be isolated by using DiI-Ac-LDL labeling and mechanical selection. PMID: 19715766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - August 24, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Sun X, Cheng L, Duan H, Lu G Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Mesenchymal stem cells regulate the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells through Notch signaling.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on proliferation and cell fate determination of neural stem cells (NSCs) have been investigated. NSCs were co-cultured with MSCs or NIH3T3 cells using an in vitro transwell system. After 4 days, immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of cells positive for the cell proliferation antigen, ki-67, in neurospheres in MSCs was greater than in NIH3T3 cells. In some experiments, the top-layer of MSCs and NIH3T3 cells were removed to induce NSCs differentiation. Seven days after initiating differentiation, the levels of the neuronal marker, NSE, were higher in MSCs, and t...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 21, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang Y, Tu W, Lou Y, Xie A, Lai X, Guo F, Deng Z Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Increase in cytosolic calcium maintains plasma membrane integrity through the formation of microtubule ring structure in apoptotic cervical cancer cells induced by trichosanthin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigates the role of dysregulated cytosolic free calcium ([Ca(2+)]c) homeostasis on microtubule (MT) ring structure in apoptotic cervical cancer (HeLa) cells induced by trichosanthin (TCS), a type I ribosome inactivating protein (RIP). The TCS-induced decrease in cell viability was significantly enhanced in combination with the specific calcium chelator, EGTA-AM. Sequestration of [Ca(2+)]c markedly disrupted the special MT ring structure. Furthermore, TCS tended to increase LDH release, whereas no significant differences were observed until 48h of the treatment. In contrast, combined addition of EGTA-AM or c...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 21, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang P, Xu S, Zhao K, Xiao B, Guo J Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

L-cysteine improves survival and growth of mesothelial cells after freezing.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study focused on the ability of L-Cys-enriched medium to enhance survival and growth of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (hPMC) after prolonged storage at -196 degrees C. HPMC derived from human omentum suspended in freezing solution (90 % foetal bovine serum, 10% dimethyl sulfoxide) were cryopreserved at passage 1 for 6 years. Thawed cells cultured in medium M199 plus or minus L-Cys (0.25mmol/L) were subjected to morphological, growth, ultrastructural studies, RT-PCR and cell signaling studies to assess cell function after cryopreservation. Viability of thawed cells was lower (85+/-3%) than non-frozen control cells...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 21, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Bird SD, Walker RJ, Legge M Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

A simple approach for mouse embryonic stem cells isolation and differentiation inducing embryoid body formation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Stem cells were derived from hatched blastocyst-stage mouse embryos of the C57BL/6 strain employing a knockout serum replacement instead of the traditional foetal calf serum, thtereby avoiding the use of immunosurgery. Although fetal calf serum was not good for isolation of stem cells, a combination of this serum plus knockout serum increased the expansion rate of the cell culture. The derived cells were capable of maintaining an undifferentiated state during several passages, as demonstrated by the presence of alkaline phosphatase activity, stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1), and octamer binding protein 4 (Oc...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 20, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Fagundez CB, Loresi MA, Ojea QM, Delcourt SM, Testa R, Gogorza SJ, Argibay PF Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin maintains the immunosupressive properties of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We reported previously that regenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (A. pernyi SF) could support the attachment and growth of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). In this work, the immunosuppressive effects of hBMSCs cultured on the A. pernyi SF films on T cells was investigated in vitro. The production of IL-6, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR by the hBMSCs was also observed. The study showed that hBMSCs cultured on the regenerated A. pernyi SF films still kept their immunosuppression on T-cell proliferation and IL-2 secretion. Moreover, regenerated A. pernyi SF like regenerated B. mori SF and collagen did not elicit...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 3, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Luan XY, Huo GH, Li MZ, Lu SZ, Zhang XG Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Relationship between Methylation Status of ERCC1Promoter and Radio-sensitivity in Glioma Cell Lines.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was designed to determine the relationship between methylation status of ERCC1 promoter region and radiosensitivity in glioma cell lines. We investigated the expression levels of ERCC1 transcripts and protein in GBM cell lines. Colony forming experiments was used to measure surviving fraction at 2Gy (SF2) in 4 human glioma cell lines, MGR1, MGR2, SF767 and T98G. Methylation status in the promoter region of ERCC1 in these glioma cell lines was determined by using bisulphate sequencing and MSP analysis. Radiosensitivity was examined to be heterogeneous in these glioma cell lines. There was a statistical difference...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 3, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu ZG, Chen HY, Cheng JJ, Chen ZP, Li XN, Xia YF Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Calcitonin gene-related peptide increases proliferation of human HaCaT keratinocytes by activation of MAP kinases.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Psoriasis is a chronic disease characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and inflammation. It has been demonstrated that the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is elevated in psoriasis lesions and CGRP-containing neuropeptide nerve fibers are denser in the psoriatic epidermis. CGRP has been previously described to influence proliferation of several cell types, such as Schwann cell, tracheal epithelial cells, and human gingival fibroblasts. In the present study, we determined the effect of CGRP on HaCaT keratinocye proliferation and the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in CGRP i...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 30, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Yu XJ, Li CY, Xu YH, Chen LM, Zhou CL Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Prevents the Transformed Phenotypes Induced by 17 beta-estradiol in Human Breast Epithelial Cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, rhCG was able to abrogate the transforming abilities of estradiol, and had the differentiating property by increasing the branching of the tubules formed by breast epithelial cells in collagen. These results further support our hypothesis, known as the terminal differentiation hypothesis of breast cancer prevention, that predicts that hCG treatment results in protection from tumorigenic changes by the loss of susceptible stem cells 1 through a differentiation to refractory stem cells 2 and increase differentiation of the mammary gland. PMID: 19647089 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - July 28, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Kocdor H, Kocdor MA, Russo J, Snider KE, Vanegas JE, Russo IH, Fernandez SV Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Resistance of a recombinant Escherichia coli to dehydration.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe appropriate conditions during dehydration of the recombinant Escherichia coli strain HB 101 (GAPDH) that can result dry cells having a approximately 88% viability on rehydration. The methods entails air-drying after addition of 100mM trehalose to the cultivation medium or distilled water (for short term incubation). PMID: 19646542 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - July 27, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Khroustalyova G, Boudrant J, Rapoport A Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Anti-apoptotic action of hydrogen sulfide is associated with early JNK inhibition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, this is novel evidence that early JNK inhibition during reperfusion is associated with H(2)S-mediated protection against cardiomyocyte apoptosis. PMID: 19616639 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - July 15, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Shi S, Li QS, Li H, Zhang L, Xu M, Cheng JL, Peng CH, Xu CQ, Tian Y Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Akebia saponin D, a saponin component from Dipsacus asper Wall, protects PC 12 cells against amyloid-beta induced cytotoxicity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is regarded as senile dementia, and the etiopathogenesis lies in kidney deficiency during aging. Dipsacus asper Wall (DAW), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for enhancing kidney activity, may possess the therapeutic effects against AD. Our objectives were to investigate the protective effects of DAW against the amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta)-induced cytotoxicity and explore its major active components. Injury of PC 12 cells mediated by Abeta(25-35) was adopted to assess the cytoprotective effects of DAW aqueous extract and various fractions. Sal...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 13, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhou YQ, Yang ZL, Xu L, Li P, Hu YZ Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Early meiosis in Rhynchospora pubera L. (Cyperaceae) is marked by uncommon ultrastructural features.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The family Cyperaceae has an unusual microsporogenesis in which tetrad formation does not occur. In addition, other cytological features are important, such as the occurrence of holokinetic chromosomes and post-reductional meiosis. We have examined the ultrastructural features of the pollen mother cell (PMC) of Rhynchospora pubera. Anthers of several sizes were analyzed using light and transmission electron microscopy. The PMC before meiosis presented a central nucleus and a regular profile of the nuclear envelope. During prophase I, the nucleus was in the abaxial region of the cell. This cellular polarization was acco...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 8, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Barrera San Martin JA, Tardeli de Jesus Andrade CG, Laforga Vanzela AL Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Dimethylfumarate inhibits tumor cell invasion and metastasis by suppressing the expression and activities of matrix metalloproteinases in melanoma cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
NF-kappaB acts as a signal transducer during tumor progression, cell invasion, and metastasis. Dimethylfumarate (DMF) is reported to inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced nuclear entry of NF-kappaB/p65. However, only a few reports suggest that DMF inhibits tumor metastasis; also the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibition of metastasis are poorly understood. We investigated the inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis by DMF in a melanoma cell line, B16BL6. DMF inhibited B16BL6 cell invasion and metastasis by suppressing the expression and activities of MMPs. DMF also inhibited the nuclear entry of NF-k...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 8, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Yamazoe Y, Tsubaki M, Matsuoka H, Satou T, Itoh T, Kusunoki T, Kidera Y, Tanimori Y, Shoji K, Nakamura H, Ogaki M, Nishiura S, Nishida S Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Melanomas display increased cytoprotection to hypericin-mediated cytotoxicity through the induction of autophagy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a regime for melanoma is of limited success due to factors such as the efficacy of the photosensitizer used, penetration depth and the presence of pigment. We characterised a pigmented and an unpigmented melanoma cell line with respect to their phenotypes. Cell viability was assessed after exposure to hypericin, a UVA-activated photosensitizer,. Exposure to 3muM activated hypericin induced a cytoprotective (autophagic) response from both cell lines. However, the pigmented cells accumulated a large amount of glycogen in their cytoplasm. We hypothesise that the treatment induces an initial c...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 7, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Davids LM, Kleemann B, Cooper S, Kidson SH Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

CJX1, an amlodipine derivative, interacts with ATPase of human P-glycoprotein.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tour aim has been to elucidate the possible mechanism of CJX1, an amlodipine derivative, in the modulation of P-gp function by determining its effect on P-gp ATPase activity. Basal P-gp ATPase activity was increased by CJX1 with half-maximal activity concentration (Km) of 8.6+/-1.4muM. Kinetic analysis indicated a non-competitive inhibition of Verapamil (Ver)-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity by CJX1 and competitive inhibition of CJX1-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity by tetrandrine (Tet). The effect of CsA on CJX1-stimulated and Ver-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity were non-competitive and competitive inhibition, respectiv...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 5, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Ji BS, He L Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Cell culturing in a three-dimensional matrix affects the localization and properties of plasma membrane cholesterol.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Most in vitro studies use 2-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures, where cells are forced to adjust to unnatural substrates that differ significantly from the natural 3-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix that surrounds cells in living organisms. Our analysis demonstrates significant differences in the cholesterol and sphingomyelin content, structural organization and cholesterol susceptibility to oxidation of plasma membranes isolated from cells cultured in 3D cultures compared with conventional 2D cultures. Differences occurred in the asymmetry of cholesterol molecules and the physico-chemical properties of the 2 sep...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 5, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Stefanova N, Staneva G, Petkova D, Lupanova T, Pankov R, Momchilova A Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Involvement of C-jun NH(2)-terminal kinase and Apoptosis Induced Factor in apoptosis induced by Deglycosylated bleomycin in laryngeal carcinoma cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In our previous studies, we demonstrated that the deglycosylation of bleomycin-A2 (BLM-A2) does not affect the capacity of this drug to induce cell death by apoptosis in a caspase-independent manner in laryngeal cancer cells (HEp-2), but suppresses the ability of BLM-A2 to induce ROS formation We have now investigated the consequence of BLM-A2 deglycosylation in terms of the involvement of apoptotic pathways in HEp-2 cells. Apoptosis induced by bleomycin-A2 and deglyco-BLM-A2 is associated with the release of cytochrome c and AIF. Only Bax was oligomerized with BLM-A2-induced HEp-2 cell death. BLM-A2 and deglyco-BLM-A2...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 28, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Brahim S, Aroui S, Abid K, Kenani A Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Dynein is a motor for nuclear rotation while vimentin IFs is a "brake"Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The positioning of the nucleus is achieved by two interconnected processes, anchoring and migration, both of which are controlled by cytoskeleton structures. Rotation is a special type of nuclear motility in many cell types, but its significance remains unclear. We used a vimentin-null cell line, MFT-16, which shows extensive nuclear rotation to study the phenomenon in detail. By selective disruption of cytoskeletal structures and video-microscopic analysis, nuclear rotation was a microtubule-dependent process that F-actin partially impedes. The dynein-dynactin complex is responsible and inhibiting this motor by expres...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 24, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Gerashchenko MV, Chernoivanenko IS, Moldaver MV, Minin AA Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Effects of different extracellular matrices and co-cultures on human limbal stem cell expansion in vitro.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the cultivation of human limbal explants on AM co-culturing with human LFs promises to be a good model for preparing undifferentiated epithelial sheets suitable for transplantation. PMID: 19559803 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - June 23, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Ahmadiankia N, Ebrahimi M, Hosseini A, Baharvand H Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Prognostic implication of CDC25A and cyclin E expression on primary breast cancer patients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Defect in cell cycle control is a hallmark character of cancer. We have investigated the association of Ki67 labeling index, cyclin E and CDC25A expressions with clinical follow-up data in breast carcinomas. Flow cytometry was used to detect gene amplification of cyclins in 44 tumour tissue with invasive breast carcinomas. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratio test was used to show the correlations. Cyclin E or CDC25A were upregulated in 34% of the tumours. Among the whole total material, expression of cyclin E and of CDC25A were found upregulated in 31.9% and 39.4% of cells, respectively. Both CDC25A and cyclin E...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 21, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Mehdipour P, Pirouzpanah S, Sarafnejad A, Atri M, Shahrestani ST, Haidari M Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Juglone, a naphthoquinone from walnut, exerts cytotoxic and genotoxic effects against cultured melanoma tumor cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study demonstrates cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of juglone, a chief constituent of walnut, and its underlying mechanisms against melanoma cells. MTT assay and clonogenic assay were used to study cytotoxicity, micronucleus assay to assess genotoxicity, glutathione (GSH) assay and 2',7'-dicholorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay to evaluate the oxidative stress induction. Apoptosis/necrosis induction was analysed by flow cytometry. We observed a concentration-dependent decrease in cell survival with a corresponding increase in the lactate dehydrogenase levels. A dose-dependent increase in the frequency of micro...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 21, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Kiran Aithal B, Sunilkumar MR, Nageshwarrao B, Udupa N, Satishrao BS Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Scratch wound closure of c2c12 mouse myoblasts Is enhanced by human platelet lysate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of a platelet lysate (PL) on muscle wound healing, based on in vitro scratch wound of C2C12 mouse myoblasts, has been investigated. Cell viability assays show that PL induced an increase in cell proliferation at concentrations of 1-20%, but was slightly cytotoxic at 100%. PL promoted wound closure after scratch wounding of cell monolayers. The p38 inhibitor SB203580 and the PI3K inhibitor, wortmannin, decreased the PL effect, whereas the ERK inhibitor, PD98059, did not. Transwell migration of cells was also increased by PL, and although SB203580 abrogated this effect, wortmannin reduced it, whereas PD98059 w...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 21, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Ranzato E, Balbo V, Boccafoschi F, Mazzucco L, Burlando B Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Expression analysis of Fgf8a & Fgf8b in early stage of P19 cells during neural differentiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Expression analysis of Fgf8a & Fgf8b in early stage of P19 cells during neural differentiation. Cell Biol Int. 2009 Jun 22; Authors: Khurshid Alam AH, Suzuki H, Tsukahara T Fgf8 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family that plays an important role in early neural development. Cellular aggregation and retinoic acid (RA) are needed for mouse embryonic carcinoma (EC) P19 cell neural differentiation. We have examined the Fgf8 gene in P19 cells during neural differentiation and identified 2 alternatively spliced Fgf8 isoforms, Fgf8a and Fgf8b, among the 8 known splicing isoforms in mammals. The e...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 21, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Khurshid Alam AH, Suzuki H, Tsukahara T Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Methods of maintaining human embryonic stem cells continues to be worth studying.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19545639 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - June 18, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang ZK, Ou DB, Zheng QS Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

TGF-beta upregulates tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX gene expression in Hep3B cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe further characterization of the 1.2kb hCA9 promoter, and the effect of TGF-beta on the transcriptional activity and expression of hCAIX in Hep3B cells. Transcriptional activity of different promoter regions of hCA9 promoter showed the presence of negative regulatory region between -300bp and -500bp of hCAIX promoter. The -116/+38 region was enough for basal transcriptional activity in Hep3B cells. TGF-beta upregulates all promoter regions of hCA9 with the highest beig for -466/+38 that has a negatively regulated region. The transcriptional activation of hCA9 promoter by TGF-beta is consistent with hCAIX mRNA le...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 16, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Yıldırım H, Köçkar F, Ramji DP Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Defective myogenic differentiation of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells is characterized by sialidase Neu2 loss of expression.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we show that Neu2 expression is absent in different embryonal and alveolar human tumor rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cells, which are genetically committed myoblasts characterized by delayed differentiation. Forced myogenic differentiation of an embryonal RMS cell line, as obtained via pharmacological and genetic p38 activation or via follistatin over-expression, was characterized by Neu2 loss of expression despite the significant rise of different muscle-specific markers, suggesting therefore that the defective myogenic program of RMS cells is accompanied by Neu2 suppression. PMID: 19524683 [PubMed - as supplie...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Stoppani E, Rossi S, Marchesini S, Preti A, Fanzani A Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Lipid droplets interact with mitochondria using SNAP23.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Triglyceride-containing lipid droplets (LD) are dynamic organelles stored on demand in all cells. These droplets grow through a fusion process mediated by SNARE proteins, including SNAP23. The droplets have also been shown to be highly motile and interact with other cell organelles, including peroxisomes and the endoplasmic reticulum. We have used electron and confocal microscopy to demonstrate that LD form complexes with mitochondria in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Using an in vitro system of purified LD and mitochondria, we also show that the formation of the LD-mitochondria complex, in which cytosolic factors are involved. ...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Jagerstrom S, Polesie S, Wickstrom Y, Johansson BR, Schroder HD, Højlund K, Bostrom P Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Neuroprotective effect of methanol extract of Phellodendri Cortex against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced apoptosis in PC-12 cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19524685 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Jung HW, Jin GZ, Kim SY, Kim YS, Park YK Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Different responses of Fe transporters in Caco-2/HT29-MTX cocultures than in independent Caco-2 cell cultures.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study compares the cellular response of Fe transporters in Caco-2, HT29-MTX, and Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture models for Fe bioavailability. Caco-2 cells in vitro differentiate into enterocyte-like cells and HT29-MTX cell lineage into a mucin secreting cellular population. Cell cultures were exposed to digests of Fe(+3), Fe(+3)/ascorbic acid, cooked fish (high-available Fe) or white beans (low-available Fe). Cell responses as shown by mRNA expression of the main Fe transporters, DMT1 and DcytB, and cell ferritin formation were monitored. In Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-cultures, the mucin layer lowered the pool of free Fe to diff...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Laparra JM, Glahn RP, Miller DD Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Restoration of SOCS3 suppresses human lung adenocarcinoma cell growth by downregulating activation of Erk1/2, Akt apart from STAT3.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
SOCS3 is regarded as a major negative regulator of STAT3. Recent evidence indicates that SOCS3 regulates strength and duration of other signaling pathways including ras/ERK1/2/MAPK, PI3-K/Akt in non-malignant cells. The repression or silence of SOCS3 expression in a few tumor types has led to speculation that loss of SOCS3 gene is closely related to deregulation of multiple signal pathways during tumorigenesis. However, apart from STAT3, little is known in malignant cells about the mechanism by which SOCS3 modulates other intracellular signal cascades such as Erk1/2 and Akt, whose aberrant activation has been implicate...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Yu ZB, Bai L, Qian P, Xiao YB, Wang GS, Qian GS, Bai CX, Min JX Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Inhibition of PKHD1 May Cause S-phase Entry via mTOR Signaling Pathway.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an important genetic disorder in pediatric nephrological practice. Mutation of the polycystic kidney and hepatic disease gene 1 (PKHD1) was identified as the cause of ARPKD. Rapamycin is a highly specific inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Rapamycin exerts its biological activity by inhibiting the serine-threonine kinase mTOR, which regulates important cellular processes such as control of cell cycle, cell size, translation initiation and transcription. The ability of rapamycin to cause G1-cell cycle arrest, reduced cell growth and a reduced rate ...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Zheng R, Wang L, Fan J, Zhou Q Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

2'-Epi-2'-O-acetylthevetin B induces apoptosis partly via Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
2'-epi-2'-O-acetylthevetin B (GHSC-74), a cardiac glycoside, can be isolated from the seeds of Cerbera manghas L. We demonstrated that GHSC-74 reduced the viability of HepG2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and efficiently induced apoptosis without significantly decreasing the viability of Chang human liver cells and Swiss albino 3T3 fibroblasts, as indicated by Annexin V/PI binding assay and Hoechst 33342 staining. In addition, stimulation of HepG2 cells with GHSC-74 induced a series of intracellular events: (1) loss of mitochondrial membrane potential; (2) sustained elevation of cytosolic [Ca(2+)]; and (3)...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Feng B, Huang CG, Chen RH, Guo YW, Jiao BH Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Stimulation of the Side Population Fraction of ATDC5 Chondroprogenitors by Hypoxia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The influence of oxygen tension on the side population (SP) fraction sorted from ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells was investigated. ATDC5 cells cultured in normoxia (20%) or hypoxia (1% oxygen) were compared. The SP fraction was significantly higher in the cells cultured in hypoxia. The gene expression of 3 ABC transporters, abcb1a/b (mdr1a/b) and abcg2 (bcrp1) was quantified by RT-PCR. SP cells were characterized by the higher expression of abcb1a. The expression levels of abcb1b and abcg2 were higher than abcb1a. However, there was no significant difference between SP and non-SP fractions in the expression of abcb1b and...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Kishimoto KN, Oxford CL, Reddi AH Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Staurosporine-induced apoptosis in P388D1 macrophages involves both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Treatment of P388D1, a macrophage-like cell line, with staurosporine triggered apoptosis through the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Unexpected effects of staurosporine on the induction of apoptosis were the activation of caspase-8, and an increase of the levels of TNF-alpha. The increased TNF-alpha levels led to activation of caspase-8 by an autocrine effect via the TNF receptor expressed by the P388D1 macrophages. In contrast, P388D1 macrophages that either had been exposed to UV light or treated with dexamethasone did not undergo apoptosis. PMID: 19524691 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell ...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Nakamura-López Y, Sarmiento-Silva RE, Moran-Andrade J, Gómez-García B Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Role of MEF feeder cells in direct reprogramming of mouse tail-tip fibroblasts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, using a comparative analysis, we demonstrated that MEF feeder cells did not accelerate reprogramming or increase the frequency of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell colonies. However, feeder conditions did improve the growth of primary iPS colonies and were necessary for passaging the primary colonies after reprogramming was achieved. We further developed a feeder-free culture system for supporting iPS growth and sustaining pluripotency by adding bFGF and activin A (bFA) to the medium. These data will facilitate the generation of human iPS cells without animal feeders for regenerative medicine. PMID: 19...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen M, Sun X, Jiang R, Shen W, Zhong X, Liu B, Qi Y, Huang B, Xiang AP, Ge J Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Interactions of free copper (II) ions alone or in complex with iron (III) ions with erythrocytes of marine fish Dicentrarchus labrax.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
As a consequence of human activity, various toxicants - especially metal ions - enter aquatic ecosystems and many fish are exposed to considerable levels. As the free ion and in some complexes, there is no doubt that copper promotes damage to cellular molecules and structures through radical formation. Therefore, we have investigated the influence of copper uptake by the red blood of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), and its oxidative action and effects on cells in the presence of complexed and uncomplexed Fe(3+) ions. Erythrocytes were exposed to various concentrations of CuSO(4,) Fe(NO(3))(3), and K(3)Fe(CN)(6) fo...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Labieniec M, Milowska K, Balcerczyk A, Rucinska A, Sadowska M, Jokiel M, Brichon G, Gabryelak T Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Regulation of paracellular Na(+) and Cl(-) conductances by hydrostatic pressure.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of hydrostatic pressure on the paracellular ion conductance (Gp) composed of the Na(+) conductance (G(Na)) and the Cl(-) conductance (G(Cl)) has been Investigated. Gp, G(Na) and G(Cl) were time-dependently increased after applying an osmotic gradient generated by NaCl with basolateral hypotonicity. Hydrostatic pressure (1-4cm H(2)O) applied from the basolateral side enhanced the osmotic gradient-induced increase in Gp, G(Na) and G(Cl) in a magnitude-dependent manner, while the hydrostatic pressure applied from the apical side diminished the osmotic gradient-induced increase in Gp, G(Na) and G(Cl). How the hy...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Tokuda S, Niisato N, Nagai T, Taruno A, Nakajima KI, Miyazaki H, Yamada T, Hosogi S, Ohta M, Nishio K, Iwasaki Y, Marunaka Y Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Influence of exogenous salicylic acid on flavonolignans and lipoxygenase activity in the hairy root cultures of Silybum marianum.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Silymarin is one of the most potent antioxidant so far developed from plant sources used as hepatoprotectants. Influence of different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8mg/50ml culture) and exposure time (24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h) of salicilylic acid on lipoxygenase activity, linoleic acid content, growth and production of silymarin in hairy root cultures of S. marianum were investigated. Detection and identification of flavonolignans was carried out by high performance liquid chromatograph method. Salicilylic acid enhanced silymarin production (1.89mgg(-1) DW). The optimal feeding condition was the addition of 6mg sali...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 10, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Khalili M, Hasanloo T, Kazemi Tabar SK, Rahnama H Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals

Effects and mechanisms of proton pump inhibitors as a novel chemosensitizer on human gastric adenocarcinoma (SGC7901) cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Upregulation of proton extrusion is critical for tumor cell survival in an ischemic microenvironment with a lower extracellular pH (pHe). Lower pHe and higher intracellular pH (pHi) benefit cancer cells for invasion and growth. Vacuolar-H(+)-ATPases (V-H(+)-ATPases) play a critical role in regulating the transmembrane pH gradient. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), mainly treating acid-related diseases, could inhibit the expression of V-H(+)-ATPases. We have investigated whether PPI decreases the pHi of the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, SGC7901, by inhibiting V-H(+)-ATPases so as to enhance the cytotoxicity of ant...
Source: Cell Biology International - June 5, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen M, Zou X, Luo H, Cao J, Zhang X, Zhang B, Liu W Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: journals