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135 records returned

Pathways to poly-victimization.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article finds support for a conceptual model suggesting that there may be four distinct pathways to becoming such a poly-victim: (a) residing in a dangerous community, (b) living in a dangerous family, (c) having a chaotic, multiproblem family environment, or (d) having emotional problems that increase risk behavior, engender antagonism, and compromise the capacity to protect oneself. It uses three waves of the Developmental Victimization Survey, a nationally representative sample of children aged 2-17 years. All four hypothesized pathways showed significant independent association with poly-victim onset. For the youn...
Source: Child Maltreatment - October 21, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Finkelhor D, Ormrod R, Turner H, Holt M Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Child Mental Health Problems as Risk Factors for Victimization.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The current study examines the effects of child internalizing and externalizing symptoms on increases in victimization over a 1-year period. Using longitudinal data from the Developmental Victimization Survey (DVS), analyses are based on a national probability sample of 1,467 children aged 2-17. Results indicate that children with high levels of co-occurring internalizing and externalizing symptoms were particularly likely to experience increased exposure to several forms of victimization, including peer victimization, maltreatment, and sexual victimization, controlling for earlier victimization and adversity. The rela...
Source: Child Maltreatment - October 6, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Turner HA, Finkelhor D, Ormrod R Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

The Prevalence of Child Maltreatment in the Netherlands.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The first nationwide prevalence study of child maltreatment in the Netherlands (NPM-2005) was designed as a replication of the National Incidence Studies (NISs) conducted in the United States. Child maltreatment cases were reported by 1,121 professionals from various occupational branches, trained in a detailed registration system of six types of abuse and neglect. In addition, cases registered by the Dutch Child Protection Services (CPS) were analyzed. For 2005, the overall prevalence rate was estimated to be 107,200 (95% CI 102,054-112,882) maltreated children aged 0-18 years, or 30 cases per 1,000 children. Neglect ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - September 2, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Euser EM, van Ijzendoorn M, Prinzie P, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Caregivers' Efforts to Educate Their Children About Child Sexual Abuse: A Replication Study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The current investigation examined parental efforts to educate their children about sexual abuse. Approximately 750 surveys were distributed to parents of kindergarten through third grade youngsters (mean age 8.5) in three New Jersey elementary schools. Participants were 289 guardians (39% response rate) who voluntarily completed a survey assessing demographic characteristics, caregivers' direct or indirect experience with child sexual abuse, and their efforts to educate their children about the issue. As found previously, parents continue to disproportionately focus on strangers as potential offenders and provide limi...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 30, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Deblinger E, Thakkar-Kolar RR, Berry EJ, Schroeder CM Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Elevated Risk of Child Maltreatment in Families With Stepparents but Not With Adoptive Parents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Does child maltreatment occur more often in adoptive and stepfamilies than in biological families? Data were collected from all 17 Dutch child protective services (CPS) agencies on 13,538 cases of certified child maltreatment in 2005. Family composition of the maltreated children was compared to a large national representative sample of the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study (NKPS). Larger families, one-parent families, and families with a stepparent showed elevated risks for child maltreatment. Adoptive families, however, showed significantly less child maltreatment than expected. The findings are discussed in the contex...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 4, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: van Ijzendoorn MH, Euser EM, Prinzie P, Juffer F, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Fathers, physical child abuse, and neglect: advancing the knowledge base.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fathers are overrepresented as perpetrators of physical child maltreatment, particularly in its most severe forms. Despite this, the research literature continues to lack specificity regarding the role fathers play in risk for physical child abuse or neglect (PCAN). Furthermore, although fathers have received more attention with respect to child sexual abuse and its treatment, their influence has been largely disregarded in many intervention efforts to reduce PCAN. Inadequate attention to the role of fathers, both in research and practice, has numerous problematic implications for the prevention of child maltreatment. ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Lee SJ, Bellamy JL, Guterman NB Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Fathering by Partner-Abusive Men: Attitudes on Children's Exposure to Interparental Conflict and Risk Factors for Child Abuse.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A substantial body of research concludes that children in homes marked by intimate partner violence (IPV) and conflict are at increased risk for maladjustment. Although studies often attribute these difficulties to the aggressive acts witnessed, other research and theoretical work suggests that disrupted parenting and co-occurring child maltreatment play an equally critical role in the onset of the children's psychological and behavioral problems. Despite the clear importance of parenting in the context of IPV, relatively little scholarship has been devoted to the topic, particularly when it comes to examining fathers....
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Salisbury EJ, Henning K, Holdford R Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Mothers, men, and child protective services involvement.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study used data on 2,297 families from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to examine whether Child Protective Services (CPS) involvement varies by maternal relationship status. Families were categorized according to whether the mother was living with a (male) partner or spouse, was involved in a dating relationship, or was not romantically involved. Families in which the mother was romantically involved were further delineated by whether her partner was the biological father of none, some, or all of the children in her household. Results indicated that families in which the mother was living with a man who...
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Berger LM, Paxson C, Waldfogel J Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Fathers and maternal risk for physical child abuse.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study set out to examine father-related factors predicting maternal physical child abuse risk in a national birth cohort of 1,480 families. In-home and phone interviews were conducted with mothers when index children were 3 years old. Predictor variables included the mother-father relationship status; father demographic, economic, and psychosocial variables; and key background factors. Outcome variables included both observed and self-reported proxies of maternal physical child abuse risk. At the bivariate level, mothers married to fathers were at lower risk for most indicators of maternal physical child abuse. Howeve...
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Guterman NB, Lee Y, Lee SJ, Waldfogel J, Rathouz PJ Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Commentary on fathers and children and maltreatment: relationships matter most.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19581433 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Maltreatment)
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Dubowitz H Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Children and Adolescents Referred for Child Welfare Investigation: A National Sample of In-Home and Out-of-Home Care.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines the prevalence and correlates of heightened posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in a nationally representative sample of 1,848 children and adolescents (ages 8-14) who were referred to child welfare for investigation of abuse or neglect based on the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. The severity of current PTS symptoms was assessed using the PTS subscale of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children, a standardized child-report scale evaluating common symptoms associated with trauma. The overall prevalence of clinically significant PTS symptoms was 11.7% (overall mean T score = 49.5). T...
Source: Child Maltreatment - June 28, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Kolko DJ, Hurlburt MS, Zhang J, Barth RP, Leslie LK, Burns BJ Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Indiscriminate Friendliness in Maltreated Foster Children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Indiscriminate friendliness is well documented in children adopted internationally following institutional rearing but is less studied in maltreated foster children. Precursors and correlates of indiscriminate friendliness were examined in 93 preschool-aged maltreated children residing in foster care and 60 age-matched, nonmaltreated children living with their biological parents. Measures included parent reports, official case record data, and standardized laboratory assessments. Foster children exhibited higher levels of indiscriminate friendliness than nonmaltreated children. Inhibitory control was negatively associa...
Source: Child Maltreatment - June 5, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Pears KC, Bruce J, Fisher PA, Kim HK Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Parent Training With Behavioral Couples Therapy for Fathers' Alcohol Abuse: Effects on Substance Use, Parental Relationship, Parenting, and CPS Involvement.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This pilot study examined effects of Parent Skills with Behavioral Couples Therapy (PSBCT) on substance use, parenting, and relationship conflict among fathers with alcohol use disorders. Male participants (N = 30) entering outpatient alcohol treatment, their female partners, and a custodial child (8 to 12 years) were randomly assigned to (a) PSBCT; (b) Behavioral Couples Therapy (BCT); or (c) Individual-Based Treatment (IBT). Children were not actively involved in treatment. Parents completed measures of substance use, couples' dyadic adjustment, partner violence, parenting, and Child Protection Services (CPS) involve...
Source: Child Maltreatment - June 5, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Lam WK, Fals-Stewart W, Kelley ML Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Childhood Victimization, Poly-Victimization, and Adjustment to College in Women.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines the relationships among poly-victimization (i.e., high cumulative levels of victimization), six aggregate categories of childhood victimization (property crime, physical assault, peer and sibling, witnessed and indirect, sexual, child maltreatment), and college adjustment in females. This study first examines the relative contributions of poly-victimization and individual categories of childhood victimization in predicting college adjustment. The study then examines whether poly-victimization contributes any unique variance, beyond that accounted for by the combination of all six aggregate categories. R...
Source: Child Maltreatment - March 18, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Elliott AN, Alexander AA, Pierce TW, Aspelmeier JE, Richmond JM Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

A Motivational Intervention Can Improve Retention in PCIT for Low-Motivation Child Welfare Clients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A motivational orientation intervention designed to improve parenting program retention was field tested versus standard orientation across two parenting programs, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) and a standard didactic parent training group. Both interventions were implemented within a frontline child welfare parenting center by center staff. Participants had an average of six prior child welfare referrals, primarily for neglect. A double-randomized design was used to test main and interaction effects. The motivational intervention improved retention only when combined with PCIT (cumulative survival = 85% vs. ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - March 2, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Chaffin M, Valle LA, Funderburk B, Gurwitch R, Silovsky J, Bard D, McCoy C, Kees M Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Does Out-of-Home Placement Mediate the Relationship Between Child Maltreatment and Adult Criminality?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study uses a prospective sample of 772 maltreated youth to examine out-of-home placement as a mediator of adult criminality. Arrest data were collected from official records when the full sample was a mean age of 31.8, having ample opportunity for involvement with the criminal justice system. Overall, out-of-home placement showed a neutral or slightly positive effect on adult criminality compared to no placement, consistent with earlier findings. However, prior delinquency and placement instability were significant risk factors for adult criminality. Gender, not race, was identified as a significant moderator of the r...
Source: Child Maltreatment - March 2, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Degue S, Widom CS Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Do Early Childhood Interventions Prevent Child Maltreatment? A Review of Research.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We reviewed the empirical evidence on whether early childhood primary prevention programs can reduce rates of child abuse and neglect. Fifteen studies of 14 programs for children ages birth to 5 years were completed from 1990 to 2007 and assessed impacts with methodological rigor. All but one of the programs intervened from birth to age 3 through home visits, parent education classes, or the provision of health services. The weighted average effect size of program participation was a 2.9 percentage-point reduction in maltreatment (6.6% vs. 9.5%), which is equivalent to a 31% reduction in the rate of maltreatment and a ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - February 24, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Reynolds AJ, Mathieson LC, Topitzes JW Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Corrections.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Authors: PMID: 19126885 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Maltreatment)
Source: Child Maltreatment - January 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Substantiation and maltreatment rereporting: a propensity score analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the relationship between substantiation and maltreatment rereporting using an analytic technique known as propensity score matching (PSM). Children with initially substantiated maltreatment reports were at significantly higher risk for rereporting than those with initially unsubstantiated reports, even after matching the two groups on propensity scores based on several demographic and case characteristics. Although additional study using PSM on other samples is warranted, this evidence supports the predictive validity of the substantiation disposition and its continued use as one factor to consider when...
Source: Child Maltreatment - January 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Fuller T, Nieto M Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Allegory of the cave: on the theme of substantiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19126887 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Maltreatment)
Source: Child Maltreatment - January 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Fluke J Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

A commentary on mandatory reporting legislation in the United States, Canada, and australia: a cross-jurisdictional review of key features, differences, and issues.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mathews and Kenny recently reviewed the current state of mandatory reporting laws in Australia, Canada, and the United States. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to existing differences between these countries regarding exposure to domestic violence (EDV) and to discuss EDV as a specific and detrimental form of child abuse. PMID: 19126888 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Maltreatment)
Source: Child Maltreatment - January 8, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Rankin JM, Ornstein AE Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Polyvictimization, Childhood Victimization, and Psychological Distress in College Women.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two studies examined the relationships among polyvictimization (i.e., high cumulative levels of victimization), six categories of childhood victimization (i.e., property crime, physical assault, peer/sibling, witnessed/indirect, sexual, and child maltreatment), and current psychological symptomatology in college females. Results indicated that exposure to multiple types of childhood victimization is common. Regression analyses revealed that polyvictimization accounted for a significant proportion of variability in scores for psychological distress beyond that accounted for by any victimization category alone. Moreover,...
Source: Child Maltreatment - December 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Richmond JM, Elliott AN, Pierce TW, Aspelmeier JE, Alexander AA Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Medical Status of School-Age Children Reentering Foster Care.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Medical status changes between foster care placements were investigated to determine whether medical status improves and whether medical status changes predict reentry into care. Three hundred and ninety-two school-age children reentering foster care received comprehensive medical evaluation on each foster care entry. Results indicated that students reentering care had worsened medical status. Comparison with matched students having a single foster care placement did not show medical status predictive of foster care reentry but suggested that some medical status declines were age related. PMID: 19047477 [PubMed - a...
Source: Child Maltreatment - December 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Evans LD, Fussell JJ Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Socioemotional Factors in Child Sexual Abuse Investigations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two socioemotional factors were explored in association with children's production of forensic information during sexual abuse investigations: rapport building and interviewer's support. The study tested to what extent (a) the length and questioning style in the rapport-building session and (b) the level of support interviewers provided to the children, were associated with the amount of forensic details children provided in their investigation. These associations were explored for more talkative and less talkative children as well as for children of two age groups (4-6 and 7-9 years). A total of 71 forensic interviews...
Source: Child Maltreatment - December 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Hershkowitz I Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Does Bruising Help Determine Which Fractures Are Caused by Abuse?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To determine whether the presence or absence of bruising can be used to differentiate between abusive and nonabusive fractures, a retrospective study was conducted of patients with acute fractures referred to a child abuse team. A bruise and fracture were considered associated if both occurred on the same body site. Chart summaries, excluding information on bruising, were reviewed by 2 abuse experts to assign cause of injury. Of the 150 participants, fractures of 93 (62%) were categorized as abusive and 57 (38%) as nonabusive. Bruising associated with a fracture was found for 26% of abused and 25% of nonabused children...
Source: Child Maltreatment - November 10, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Valvano TJ, Binns HJ, Flaherty EG, Leonhardt DE Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Reported History of Childhood Abuse and Young Adults' Information Processing Biases for Facial Displays of Emotion.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The primary goal of this study was to examine the relations between young adults' reports of childhood abuse and their current attention and interpretation biases for facial displays of emotion. Consistent with prediction, individuals reporting a history of moderate to severe childhood abuse exhibited preferential attention to angry faces and increased sensitivity in the detection of angry expressions at lower levels of emotional intensity. Both the attention and interpretation biases were specific to angry rather than happy or sad faces. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that experiences of childhood ab...
Source: Child Maltreatment - November 6, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Gibb BE, Schofield CA, Coles ME Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

At-Risk and Maltreated Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Aggression/Violence: What the Conflict Looks Like and Its Relationship to Child Outcomes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite increasing research on children's exposure to intimate partner aggression/violence (IPAV), and co-occurrence of IPAV and maltreatment, little is known about IPAV in at-risk and maltreating families. We explored the nature of IPAV in 554 homes where children were identified as at risk or reported for maltreatment and examined differences between emotional and behavioral outcomes for children in homes where one or both intimate partners is the alleged perpetrator of IPAV. We found in this sample that IPAV primarily took the form of verbal aggression with differences in perpetrator gender for verbal, minor, and se...
Source: Child Maltreatment - November 4, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: English DJ, Graham JC, Newton RR, Lewis TL, Thompson R, Kotch JB, Weisbart C Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

A National Study of Male Involvement Among Families in Contact With the Child Welfare System.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study employed data from a sample of 3,978 families in contact with the U.S. child welfare system, drawn from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. The nature of male involvement in these families and its relationship to (a) caseworkers' perception of children's risk for maltreatment rereport and (b) entry into out-of-home care were explored. Results indicate that most caregivers report male involvement, distinct types of male involvement are related to the likelihood of out-of-home care, and households that include nonparental adult males are perceived by caseworkers as relatively risky. No male inv...
Source: Child Maltreatment - November 4, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Bellamy JL Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Expanding the reach of preventive interventions: development of an internet-based training for parents of infants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There are major obstacles to the effective delivery of mental health services to poor families, particularly for those families in rural areas. The rise of Internet use, however, has created potentially new avenues for service delivery, which, when paired with the many recent advances in computer networking and multimedia technology, is fueling a demand for Internet delivery of mental health services. The authors report on the adaptation of a parenting program for delivery via the Internet, enhanced with participant-created videos of parent-infant interactions and weekly staff contact, which enable distal treatment pro...
Source: Child Maltreatment - October 10, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Feil EG, Baggett KM, Davis B, Sheeber L, Landry S, Carta JJ, Buzhardt J Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Use and feasibility of telemedicine technology in the dissemination of parent-child interaction therapy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This brief report discusses the use and feasibility of telemedicine technology in the dissemination of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT). PCIT is an empirically supported behavioral parent training program for reducing disruptive behavior in young children and for reducing future rates of child physical abuse. The positive impact PCIT has demonstrated in reducing child maltreatment has galvanized interest in widespread dissemination of the PCIT model into child service systems. PCIT has traditionally been taught in university-based training programs in a mentored cotherapy model. By contrast, in field settings, P...
Source: Child Maltreatment - October 10, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Funderburk BW, Ware LM, Altshuler E, Chaffin M Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Commentary on using new technologies in the child maltreatment field.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The articles in this special issue describe how different types of technology can be applied in the child maltreatment field to improve activities. This commentary suggests that though new technology does not necessarily make for better content, it does create exciting new possibilities that creative minds can use to advance the field. The projects described in this issue are examples of such creativity and give a glimpse of the future. However, advances in technology applications do not come without some cost and some loss. Technological approaches may reduce human interaction and result in the loss of its intangible ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - October 10, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Saunders BE Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Acknowledgement of Child Maltreatment's External Reviewers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 18843146 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Maltreatment)
Source: Child Maltreatment - October 10, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Ondersma SJ Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Telling Interviewers About Sexual Abuse: Predictors of Child Disclosure at Forensic Interviews.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aims to identify characteristics that predict full disclosure by victims of sexual abuse during a forensic interview. Data came from agency files for 987 cases of sexual abuse between December 2001 and December 2003 from Children's Advocacy Centers (CACs) and comparison communities within four U.S. states. Cases of children fully disclosing abuse when interviewed were compared to cases of children believed to be victims who gave no or partial disclosures. The likelihood of disclosure increased when victims were girls, a primary caregiver was supportive, and a child's disclosure instigated the investigation. The ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - October 2, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Lippert T, Cross TP, Jones L, Walsh W Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Caseworker Judgments and Substantiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Substantiation can have an important effect on what interventions are pursued for children investigated for maltreatment, but researchers lack knowledge about how the decision to substantiate is made. Using information from 4,515 children from a national probability study of children investigated for maltreatment, this study examined how caseworker judgments of harm, risk, and evidence predicted substantiation. The substantiation rate was 29.9%, but the majority of cases were substantiated when caseworkers reported at least moderate harm, at least moderate risk, and/or probably to clearly sufficient evidence. Each judg...
Source: Child Maltreatment - September 15, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Cross TP, Casanueva C Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Txt u ltr: Using Cellular Phone Technology to Enhance a Parenting Intervention for Families at Risk for Neglect.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
One of the biggest challenges facing home visiting programs aimed at high-risk families is keeping families involved in the intervention. Cellular phones afford the opportunity for home visitors to maintain regular communication with parents between intervention visits and thus retain high-risk families in parenting interventions. The use of cellular phones may also increase the dosage of intervention provided to families and the fidelity with which parents implement the intervention, thus resulting in improved outcomes for parents and children. This brief report describes the development and initial testing of a paren...
Source: Child Maltreatment - September 15, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Bigelow KM, Carta JJ, Burke-Lefever J Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Differentiating Between Substantiated, Suspected, and Unsubstantiated Maltreatment in Canada.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The decision to substantiate is a key factor in determining eligibility for services and decisions to press criminal charges or to remove a child, and it is frequently the basis for selecting samples of maltreated children or to measure recidivism or intervention effectiveness. Although there is a growing body of research on case substantiation in the United States, few studies have examined this decision in other jurisdictions. Using data from the 2003 Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect, this study examines the profiles of a national sample of 10,010 investigations. Multivariate analyses reve...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 18, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Trocmé N, Knoke D, Fallon B, Maclaurin B Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Emotion knowledge in young neglected children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Young neglected children may be at risk for emotion knowledge deficits. Children with histories of neglect or with no maltreatment were initially seen at age 4 and again 1 year later to assess their emotion knowledge. Higher IQ was associated with better emotion knowledge, but neglected children had consistently poorer emotion knowledge over time compared to non-neglected children after controlling for IQ. Because both neglected status and IQ may contribute to deficits in emotional knowledge, both should be assessed when evaluating these children to appropriately design and pace emotion knowledge interventions. PMI...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Sullivan MW, Bennett DS, Carpenter K, Lewis M Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Who slapped that child?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a child abuse case, it is important to determine who abused the child to assure the child's safety. When a child has had more than one caretaker before bruises or injuries are noted, it can be difficult to determine who was responsible. This case report illustrates the successful use of digital photography to help identify the perpetrator of an inflicted slap mark. PMID: 18299633 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Maltreatment)
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Patno K, Jenny C Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Child maltreatment and substance abuse among U.S. Army soldiers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although substance abuse has consistently been linked to child maltreatment, no study to date has described the extent of substance abuse among child maltreatment offenders within the military. Analysis of U.S. Army data on all substantiated incidents of parental child maltreatment committed between 2000 and 2004 by active duty soldiers found that 13% of offenders were noted to have been abusing alcohol or illicit drugs at the time of their child maltreatment incident. The odds of substance abuse were increased for offenders who committed child neglect or emotional abuse, but were reduced for child physical abuse. The ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Gibbs DA, Martin SL, Johnson RE, Rentz ED, Clinton-Sherrod M, Hardison J Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

How do high-risk youth use the Internet? Characteristics and implications for prevention.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Using data from the Second Youth Internet Safety Survey, a nationally representative telephone survey of 1,500 youth Internet users (ages 10 to 17), this study explores differences in Internet use characteristics between high risk youth and other Internet users. Those youth who engaged in aggressive behavior online and those who used the Internet on a cell phone were about twice as likely to be classified as high risk (having experienced high parent conflict or child maltreatment) as compared to other Internet users. Those youth who talked with known friends online were significantly less likely to be included in the h...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Wells M, Mitchell KJ Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Increasing abused children's access to evidence-based treatment: diffusion via parents as consumers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This investigation evaluated an experimental protocol employed by nurses with parents to increase access to evidence-based mental health treatment for children who are suspected victims of abuse. The protocol was compared with typical services during forensic medical examinations, first in a quasi-experimental design, then as a randomized controlled trial. In both studies, the protocol produced a significant increase in parental reports of having discussed evidence-based treatment during a mental health appointment within 1 month after the forensic medical examination. Likewise, both studies showed that the protocol pr...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Gully KJ, Price BL, Johnson MK Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Child maltreatment among immigrant Chinese families: characteristics and patterns of placement.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the characteristics of child abuse among immigrant Chinese families in Los Angeles. The study also identified some of the critical variables contributing to the selection of one of two types of placement (in home or out of home) by the child protective services system. Data were obtained from 221 active Chinese case files maintained by the Asian Pacific Unit of the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services. The extracted data were presented with logistic regression analysis to examine the odds of children being removed from the home. The most prevalent type of maltreatment experience...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Rhee S, Chang J, Weaver D, Wong D Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Behavior management training for the treatment of reactive attachment disorder.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is a childhood disorder characterized by extremely inappropriate social relating across a variety of interactions that must be present by age 5. Although children diagnosed with RAD appear to demonstrate significantly more behavioral problems and psychosocial difficulties than children without RAD, there have been few examinations of empirically informed treatments for this disorder. One avenue that may be particularly promising is the use of treatments that have been successfully used to decrease similar problematic behaviors in children. The present case study outlines the use of be...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Buckner JD, Lopez C, Dunkel S, Joiner TE Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Developmental needs and individualized family service plans among infants and toddlers in the child welfare system.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines levels of developmental need in young children investigated by child protective services, estimates early intervention service use, and examines need and service use variations during the 5-6 years after investigation on the basis of maltreatment substantiation status. Data were from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, the first nationally representative study of children investigated for maltreatment. The sample comprised 1,845 children aged 0 to 36 months at baseline. Logistic regression with covariate adjustment was used to examine the relationship between having an Individualized...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Casanueva CE, Cross TP, Ringeisen H Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Child and adult victimization: sequelae for female caregivers of high-risk children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study suggests added vulnerability for women victimized during both childhood and adulthood. Clinicians should carefully assess lifetime experiences of victimization; approaches to such assessment should be refined through further research. PMID: 18502979 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Maltreatment)
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Weisbart CE, Thompson R, Pelaez-Merrick M, Kim J, Wike T, Briggs E, English DJ, Dubowitz H Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

An analysis of the impact of diverse forms of childhood psychological maltreatment on emotional adjustment in early adulthood.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines the predictive ability of caregiver terrorizing, degradation, ignoring, and isolating during childhood on the self-reported occurrence of anxiety, depression, somatic complaints, and features of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in a sample of 256 university students between the ages of 18 and 22. Witnessing violence and childhood physical abuse are included in the analyses. Simultaneous regression analyses reveal that different forms of maltreatment emerge as predictors of the variables of emotional adjustment. Terrorizing predicted anxiety and somatic concerns, ignoring predicted scores of depress...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Allen B Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Commentary on Buckner and implications for treatment selection among foster children with RAD.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This commentary discusses possible implications of Buckner's (2008) case study, which successfully applied behavioral parent training for a child in out-of-home care who was diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder (RAD). The report is discussed within the context of recommendations offered by the 2006 APSAC Task Force on Attachment Therapy, Reactive Attachment Disorder, and Attachment Problems. The discussion also address the question of how well brief evidence-based parenting models might be accepted by parents or clinicians who have presumed that traditional therapies do not work for children diagnosed with RAD o...
Source: Child Maltreatment - August 1, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Chaffin M Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Can Technology and the Media Help Reduce Dysfunctional Parenting and Increase Engagement With Preventative Parenting Interventions?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In an evaluation of the television series "Driving Mum and Dad Mad," 723 families participated and were randomly assigned to either a standard or technology enhanced viewing condition (included additional Web-support). Parents in both conditions reported significant improvements from pre- to postintervention in their child's behavior, dysfunctional parenting, parental anger, depression, and self-efficacy. Short-term improvements were maintained at 6-months follow-up. Regressions identified predictors of program outcomes and level of involvement. Parents who watched the entire series had more severe problems at preinter...
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 18, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Calam R, Sanders MR, Miller C, Sadhnani V, Carmont SA Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Cell Phones and the Measurement of Child Neglect: The Validity of the Parent-Child Activities Interview.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Two multisite studies were conducted to assess the feasibility of using cell phone interviews (the Parent-Child Activities Interview) to learn more about the quality of daily parenting among high-risk mothers, including child neglect. In Study 1, 45 primiparous teenage mothers with 3- to 9-month-old infants were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: one received frequent cell phone interviews and the other group less frequent interviews over their home telephone. Relationships among paper-and-pencil surveys of parenting (gathered in person) and a Parenting Essentials score (coded from the phone interviews) wer...
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 8, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Lefever JB, Howard KS, Lanzi RG, Borkowski JG, Atwater J, Guest KC, Ramey SL, Hughes K, Neglect CF Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals

Substantiation and Adverse Appeal Outcomes: Content Analysis and Testing of Drake's Harm/Evidence Model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article, therefore, reports on a sample of adverse appeal outcomes during a 2-year period. Using Drake's Harm/Evidence model to examine the adverse outcomes, the study describes differences between substantiated cases that were "modified" versus "overturned" during appeal, as well as differences in their evidentiary characteristics across different types of maltreatment. Content analysis and logistic regression analysis of administrative data were used to predict overturned versus modified outcome. Overall, child neglect, substantiated cases that did not meet basic evidentiary standards, and cases that were deemed as ...
Source: Child Maltreatment - July 8, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Fakunmoju SB Tags: Child Maltreat Source Type: journals