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A Psychometric Evaluation of the Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire in a Non-Clinical Sample of Dutch Children and Adolescents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire (BIQ) is a parent-rating scale for measuring temperamental characteristics referring to shyness, fearfulness, and withdrawal in young, preschool children. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the BIQ in a Dutch community sample of children with a broad age range. For this purpose, the reliability and validity of the BIQ was evaluated in three age groups: 4-7-year-olds, 8-11-year-olds, and 12-15-year-olds. The results indicated that the internal consistency of most BIQ scales was satisfactory in all three age groups. Principal component analysis of the BIQ yi...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - November 18, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Broeren S, Muris P Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Dream recall and Dream Content in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although sleep is widely investigated in children with ADHD, dream studies in this group are completely lacking. The continuity hypothesis of dreaming stating that waking life is reflected in dreams would predict that waking-life symptoms are reflected in the dreams of such children. 103 children with ADHD and 100 controls completed a dream questionnaire eliciting dream recall frequency and the most recent dream. The dreams of the children with ADHD did not show a heightened occurrence of activities but were more negatively toned and included more misfortunes/threats, negative endings, and physical aggression towards t...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - November 13, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Schredl M, Sartorius H Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

"You Might Belong in Gryffindor": Children's Courage and Its Relationships to Anxiety Symptoms, Big Five Personality Traits, and Sex Roles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study describes a first exploration of the construct of courage in youths. Children aged 8-13 years were invited to report on the most courageous action that they had ever performed during their life. In addition, the Courage Measure for Children (CM-C) was construed as an index of children's level of personal courage, and this scale was administered in two samples of school children (Ns being 168 and 159) along with a number of other questionnaires. Results indicated that children were familiar with the concept of courage as more than 70% reported to have carried out a courageous action during their life. In addition...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - October 13, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Muris P, Mayer B, Schubert T Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Prefrontal Dysfunction in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have enabled non-invasive clarification of brain functions in psychiatric disorders with measurement of hemoglobin concentrations as cerebral blood volume. Twenty medication-naïve children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects participated in the present study after giving consent. The relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) were measured with frontal probes every 0.1 s during the Stroop color-word task, using 24-channel NIRS machines. During the Stroop color-word task, the oxy-Hb ...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - October 13, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Negoro H, Sawada M, Iida J, Ota T, Tanaka S, Kishimoto T Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

A Systematic Review of Parenting in Relation to the Development of Comorbidities and Functional Impairments in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This review synthesizes recent research evidence regarding the parenting characteristics associated with families with children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ADHD is a complex, heterogeneous disorder with a range of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its behavioral expression and different developmental trajectories. The current review adopts a developmental psychopathology perspective to conceptualize the risk and protective factors that might shape the developmental pathways of the disorder across different domains. Following from Johnston and Mash's review (Johnston and Mash...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - September 18, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Deault LC Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

An Analysis of Training, Generalization, and Maintenance Effects of Primary Care Triple P for Parents of Preschool-Aged Children with Disruptive Behavior.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A brief primary care intervention for parents of preschool-aged children with disruptive behavior was assessed using a multiple probe design. Primary Care Triple P, a four session behavioral intervention was sequentially introduced within a multiple probe format to each of 9 families to a total of 10 children aged between 3 and 7 years (males = 4, females = 6). Independent observations of parent-child interaction in the home revealed that the intervention was associated with lower levels of child disruptive behavior both in a target training setting and in various generalization settings. Parent report data also confir...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - August 20, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Boyle CL, Sanders MR, Lutzker JR, Prinz RJ, Shapiro C, Whitaker DJ Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Pre-Sleep Arousal and Sleep Problems of Anxiety-Disordered Youth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The current study examined sleep problems and pre-sleep arousal among 52 anxious children and adolescents, aged 7-14 years, in relation to age, sex, ethnicity, and primary anxiety disorder. Assessment included structured diagnostic interviews and parent and child completed measures of sleep problems and pre-sleep arousal. Overall, 85% of parents reported clinically-significant child sleep problems, whereas 54% of youth reported trouble sleeping. Young children, those with primary generalized anxiety disorder, and Latino youth experienced the greatest levels of sleep disturbance. Additionally, greater levels of pre-slee...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - August 12, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Alfano CA, Pina AA, Zerr AA, Villalta IK Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Influence of Risk Factors and Cultural Assets on Latino Adolescents' Trajectories of Self-Esteem and Internalizing Symptoms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined longitudinal, person-centered trajectories of acculturation, internalizing symptoms, and self-esteem in 349 Latino adolescents. We compared acculturation measures (time in the US, culture-of-origin involvement, US cultural involvement, for both parents and adolescents); acculturation stressors (perceived discrimination, acculturation conflicts); and family dynamics (parent-adolescent conflict, familism). Results indicated that, over time, Latino adolescents' internalizing problems decreased and their self-esteem increased. However, we showed that increased length of time living in the US was sign...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - August 11, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Smokowski PR, Rose RA, Bacallao M Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Parent Psychopathology and Youth Internalizing Symptoms in an Urban Community: A Latent Growth Model Analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study examined the developmental trajectories of youth depression and anxiety symptoms from 6th through 12th grade in a low-income, urban sample (N = 141; mean age = 11.75 years; 88.7% African American). The study also tested the independent contribution of parent mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders assessed in early childhood to initial levels and rate of change in depression and anxiety symptoms from 6th through 12th grade. Possible gender differences in symptom course and strength of parent psychopathology predictors were examined using multiple-group analysis. Results indicate...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - August 7, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Burstein M, Ginsburg GS, Petras H, Ialongo N Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Children's Peer Victimization, Empathy, and Emotional Symptoms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the concurrent and longitudinal relations among children's peer victimization, empathy, and emotional symptoms. The sample consisted of 175 children (85 girls, mean age = 6.1 years) recruited from kindergartens in Switzerland and followed for 1 year (Time 2). Parents and teachers reported on the children's emotional symptoms, empathy, and victimization. Children reported their empathy and victimization experiences. Peer victimization was a predictor of emotional symptoms at Time 1; this association was stronger for children with average or high levels of empathy. Increases in peer victimization pred...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - July 30, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Malti T, Perren S, Buchmann M Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Childhood Fears, Neurobehavioral Functioning and Behavior Problems in School-Age Children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective is to examine underlying associations between childhood fears, behavior problems and neurobehavioral functioning (NBF) in school-age children. Healthy, regular school children (N = 135), from second, fourth and sixth grade classes were assessed. Data regarding children's fears and behavioral problems were obtained with the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children, the Child Behavior Checklist, and NBF was assessed using a computerized neurobehavioral evaluation system. Significant correlations between childhood fears and NBF measures and somatic complaints were found. Children who reported higher levels of f...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - July 27, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Kushnir J, Sadeh A Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Anger and Sadness Perception in Clinically Referred Preschoolers: Emotion Processes and Externalizing Behavior Symptoms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined emotion perception processes in preschool aged children presenting with clinically significant emotional and behavior problems, with emphasis on sadness perception accuracy (i.e., the ability to correctly identify sadness from expressive and situational cues) and anger perception bias (i.e., the tendency to perceive anger in the absence of concordant cues) as related to children's externalizing symptoms. Participants were 82 children (3-5 years of age) admitted to a psychiatric day treatment program. Children participated in a structured puppet play activity to assess emotion understanding. Mothers repo...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - July 24, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Martin SE, Boekamp JR, McConville DW, Wheeler EE Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Reducing Preschoolers' Disruptive Behavior in Public with a Brief Parent Discussion Group.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the efficacy of a brief 2-h discussion group for parents of preschool children that show disruptive behavior on shopping trips. Forty-six parents with children aged 2-6 years were randomly assigned to either the intervention condition or a waitlist control group. Significant intervention effects were found for measures of problem child behavior, dysfunctional parenting styles and parents' confidence in the parenting role. No group differences were found for parental adjustment or conflict over parenting. Intervention gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Results are discussed within a primary care...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - July 24, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Joachim S, Sanders MR, Turner KM Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Developmental and Behavioral Performance of Internationally Adopted Preschoolers: A Pilot Study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Most international adoptees (IA) have rapid catch-up of the delays common at arrival. However, it is not known whether development at arrival predicts later abilities or school readiness. Therefore, we comprehensively evaluated language, fine motor, visual reception (VR), executive function (EF), attention (ATT), and sensory skills (SS) in IA preschoolers. We hypothesized that pre-adoptive risk factors, development at arrival, and the post-adoptive environment (time in day care) would predict developmental and behavioral outcomes and school readiness. 37 IA (12M:25F), currently age 4-5 years and previously seen in our ...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - July 10, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Jacobs E, Miller LC, Tirella LG Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Shy Children are Less Sensitive to Some Cues to Facial Recognition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Temperamental shyness in children is characterized by avoidance of faces and eye contact, beginning in infancy. We conducted two studies to determine whether temperamental shyness was associated with deficits in sensitivity to some cues to facial identity. In Study 1, 40 typically developing 10-year-old children made same/different judgments about pairs of faces that differed in the appearance of individual features, the shape of the external contour, or the spacing among features; their parent completed the Colorado childhood temperament inventory (CCTI). Children who scored higher on CCTI shyness made more errors tha...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - July 9, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Brunet PM, Mondloch CJ, Schmidt LA Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Rages or Temper Tantrums? The Behavioral Organization, Temporal Characteristics, and Clinical Significance of Angry-Agitated Outbursts in Child Psychiatry Inpatients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Angry, agitated outbursts (AAOs) are a common precipitant of children's psychiatric hospitalization. In the hospital, AAOs present both management and diagnostic challenges, e.g., while they have recently been described as manic "rages", older studies suggest that they may be exacerbated temper tantrums. Factor analyses of 109 AAOs had by 46 hospitalized 4-12 year olds yielded 3 subsets of behaviors expressing different intensities of anger and 2 subsets expressing different intensities of distress (sadness). Cluster analysis of behavior time course supported the anger-distress distinction; the former behaviors are mos...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - June 29, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Potegal M, Carlson G, Margulies D, Gutkovitch Z, Wall M Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Severe Versus Moderate Criteria for the New Pediatric Case Definition for ME/CFS.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The new diagnostic criteria for pediatric ME/CFS are structurally based on the Canadian Clinical Adult case definition, and have more required specific symptoms than the (Fukuda et al. Ann Intern Med 121:953-959, 1994) adult case definition. Physicians specializing in pediatric ME/CFS referred thirty-three pediatric patients with ME/CFS and 21 youth without the illness. Those who met ME/CFS criteria were separated into Severe and Moderate categories. Significant differences were found for symptoms within each of the six major categories: fatigue, post-exertional malaise, sleep, pain, neurocognitive difficulties, and au...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - June 10, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Jason L, Porter N, Shelleby E, Till L, Bell DS, Lapp CW, Rowe K, De Meirleir K Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Acculturation and Aggression in Latino Adolescents: Modeling Longitudinal Trajectories from the Latino Acculturation and Health Project.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines how multiple indicators of adolescent and parent acculturation relate to longitudinal trajectories of Latino adolescent aggression. The hierarchical linear modeling analysis is based on a final sample of 256 adolescents paired with one parent. Of the adolescents, 66% were born outside of the United States and the remaining 34% were US-born. Families lived in two sites: 38% lived in North Carolina and 62% lived in Arizona. The overall trajectory of Latino adolescent aggression displays a statistically significant negative trend best characterized by a quadratic curve. We delineate significant risk factor...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - June 6, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Smokowski PR, Rose RA, Bacallao M Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Parental Depression as a Moderator of Secondary Deficits of Depression in Adult Offspring.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined whether having a depressed parent intensifies the secondary deficits that often co-occur with offspring's depression symptoms. The sample was adult offspring of parents who had been diagnosed with depression 23 years earlier (N = 143) and demographically matched nondepressed parents (N = 197). Respondents completed mailed questionnaires. After controlling for demographic factors, offspring who were more depressed experienced more impairment: physical dysfunction, pain, and disability; anxiety, smoking, and drinking-related problems; poorer social resources; negative events and severe stressors; and reli...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - May 20, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Timko C, Cronkite RC, Swindle R, Robinson RL, Sutkowi A, Moos RH Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Rasch Analysis of the SWAN Rating Scale.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the characteristics of the SWAN Rating Scale and its discrimination of ADHD subtypes. This instrument was developed by Swanson and his colleagues and measures attentiveness and hyperactivity on a continuum, from attention problems to positive attention skills, using a seven-point scale of behaviour: "far below average" to "far above average". The Australian Twin Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Study consists of questionnaire data collected from families in 1990/2007. The Rasch model was used to measure the characteristics of items from the SWAN Rating Scale; how well these items discriminat...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - May 20, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Young DJ, Levy F, Martin NC, Hay DA Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Listening for Avoidance: Narrative Form and Defensiveness in Adolescent Memories.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study of the relationship between defensive avoidance and the narrative structure of stressful memories in non-clinical adolescents, 168 high school students spoke for 10 min into a tape recorder about "your most stressful life event." Transcribed interviews were analyzed for narrative immersion, the extent to which the past is retold in chronological order, using a method adopted from Labov and Waletzky. A negative association was found between narrative immersion and avoidance (as operationalized by scores on the Marlowe Crowne Social Desirability Scale). Listening for narrative immersion in the speech of clients...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - May 19, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Nelson KL, Bein E, Huemer J, Ryst E, Steiner H Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Childhood Cruelty to Animals: A Tri-national Study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated childhood cruelty to animals in Japan, Australia and Malaysia. Parents of 1,358 children between the ages of 5 and 13 years completed the Children's Attitudes and Behaviours towards Animals questionnaire (CABTA) which assesses Typical and Malicious Cruelty to animals. Analyses revealed no overall differences between children from these countries on either scale. However, younger boys were more likely to be cruel than younger girls in each country, and younger children in Australia and Japan were more likely to be cruel that older children in those countries. The findings are discussed in relation to...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - May 16, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Mellor D, Yeow J, Hapidzal NF, Yamamoto T, Yokoyama A, Nobuzane Y Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

A Longitudinal Study of Childhood Depression and Anxiety in Relation to Weight Gain.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the relationship between childhood psychopathology and weight over the course of 3 years. Body Mass Index (BMI) percentiles and demographic data of children (ages 8-18) with depression (n = 143) or anxiety (n = 43) were compared to healthy controls (n = 99). Both childhood depression (chi (2) = 4.6, p = 0.03) and anxiety (chi (2) = 6.0, p = 0.01) were associated with increased BMI percentiles. Compared to controls, BMI percentiles of depressed females over the course of the study differed profoundly (chi (2) = 7.0, p = 0.01) and BMI percentiles of anxious females approached significance (chi (2) = 3...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - April 29, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Rofey DL, Kolko RP, Iosif AM, Silk JS, Bost JE, Feng W, Szigethy EM, Noll RB, Ryan ND, Dahl RE Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Personality Symptoms and Self-Esteem as Correlates of Psychopathology in Child Psychiatric Patients: Evaluating Multiple Informant Data.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluates the relationships among personality symptoms, self-esteem and psychopathology in 60 child psychiatric patients (M (age) = 10.6) using principal component analysis (PCA) to aggregate data from multiple informants and compares this strategy with a single informant approach. When predictor and criterion measures were rated by a single informant, strong and differential relationships between personality symptoms, self-esteem and psychopathology are found. When multiple informant data were combined into composite scores by PCA, correlations decreased but remained significant. Hierarchical regression analyse...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - April 21, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: De Pauw SS, Mervielde I, De Clercq BJ, De Fruyt F, Tremmery S, Deboutte D Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Can Emotional Language Skills be Taught During Parent Training for Conduct Problem Children?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To assess the effectiveness of providing training in elaborative, emotion rich reminiscing (emotional reminiscing, ER) as an adjunct to Parent Management Training (PMT) for parents of children (N = 38, M age = 56.9, SD = 15.8 months) with oppositional behaviors. Control parents received PMT and non-language adjunct intervention, child-directed play. All components of the intervention were manualized. Parents in both conditions received training in an abbreviated course of PMT. Parents in the ER condition additionally received brief training in discussing everyday past events with their child incorporating emotion label...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - April 17, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Salmon K, Dadds MR, Allen J, Hawes DJ Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Children's Florida Obsessive Compulsive Inventory: Psychometric Properties and Feasibility of a Self-Report Measure of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Youth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report describes the development and psychometric properties of the Children's Florida Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (C-FOCI). Designed specifically as a brief measure for assessing obsessive-compulsive symptoms, the C-FOCI was created for use in both clinical and community settings. Study 1 included 82 children and adolescents diagnosed with primary Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and their parents. The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) was administered to assess symptom severity. Thereafter, parents completed the Child Obsessive-Compulsive Impact Scale-Parent Version and Child Behavior Check...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 27, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Storch EA, Khanna M, Merlo LJ, Loew BA, Franklin M, Reid JM, Goodman WK, Murphy TK Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Exposure to Potentially Traumatic Life Events in Children with Special Needs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A series of studies of potentially-traumatic life-events (PTLE) in children and youth with special needs (CSN) was conducted after parents of 102 CSN from interdisciplinary pediatric clinics listed PTLE at significantly higher rates on the Pediatric Emotional Distress Scale (PEDS) compared to parents 58 students with no diagnoses. Subsequent studies replicated this disparity in 213 5-15 year-olds sampled through school-distributed parent PTLE checklists instead of PEDS. Results from school samples suggested significantly more PTLE in CSN, t (211) = -3.39, p < .001. In both studies some of PTLE reported significantly...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 27, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Saylor CF, Macias M, Wohlfeiler M, Morgan L, Awkerman NG Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Further Validation of a Measure of Proactive and Reactive Aggression Within a Clinical Child Population.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The current study provided further validity for the use of a measure of proactive and reactive aggression that was first developed by Little and his colleagues. Confirmatory factor analyses performed with a high-risk clinical population (N = 107) revealed that the model was a good fit to the data. Structural equation models revealed significant associations in the expected direction between the Little et al. measure and another measure of proactive and reactive aggression developed by Dodge and Coie. Further analyses revealed that the proactive aggression subscales of the Little et al. and Dodge and Coie measures were ...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 19, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Fite PJ, Stoppelbein L, Greening L, Gaertner AE Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Longitudinal Study of Nightmares in Children: Stability and Effect of Emotional Symptoms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nightmares are defined as dreams with strong negative emotions which awaken the dreamer and are common during childhood: cross-sectional data shows the highest prevalence rates between the ages of five and ten. The present longitudinal study was designed to study the stability of nightmares over the course of 2 years. Sleep questionnaires and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires were completed by 851 10-years-old children and their parents, separately. In the total sample, nightmares occurred often in 2.5% (parental estimates) to 3.5% (self estimates of the children). The findings indicate that nightmare stability...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 12, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Schredl M, Fricke-Oerkermann L, Mitschke A, Wiater A, Lehmkuhl G Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Assessment of Parental Experiential Avoidance in a Clinical Sample of Children with Anxiety Disorders.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This investigation seeks to establish the psychometric properties of an adapted measure of experiential avoidance (EA) in the parenting context by assessing its relation to other parenting constructs and psychosocial correlates of child anxiety in a clinical sample. Participants were 154 children (90 female, 64 male) diagnosed with anxiety disorders and their parents (148 mothers, 119 fathers). The newly developed Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (PAAQ) was administered to parents along with self-report measures of adult experiential avoidance, parental psychopathology, affective expression, and parental co...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 12, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Cheron DM, Ehrenreich JT, Pincus DB Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Early-onset Psychoses: Comparison of Clinical Features and Adult Outcome in 3 Diagnostic Groups.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A comparison of clinical features and adult outcome in adolescents with three types of psychotic disorders: schizophrenic (SPh), schizoaffective (SA) and bipolar with psychotic features (BPP). Subjects (n = 41) were finally diagnosed (DSM-IV criteria) with SPh (n = 17), SA (n = 11) or BPP (n = 13). Clinical evaluation took place at onset and at a 3-year follow-up in all 41, and at least after 5 years in 36 patients. Symptoms were rated on the basis of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), integrating items from the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Sch...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 12, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Ledda MG, Fratta AL, Pintor M, Zuddas A, Cianchetti C Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

The Diagnostic Utility of Behavioral Checklists in Identifying Children with ADHD and Children with Working Memory Deficits.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study investigated whether children with ADHD and those with working memory impairments have a common behavioral profile in the classroom. Three teacher checklists were used: the Conners' teacher rating scale (CTRS), the behavior rating inventory of executive function (BRIEF), and the working memory rating scale. The Conners' continuous performance test (CPT) was also included to determine whether there is a correspondence between performance on this widely used cognitive measure of attention deficits and teacher ratings of classroom behavior. All three behavior scales, but not the CPT, were able to success...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 12, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Alloway TP, Gathercole SE, Holmes J, Place M, Elliott JG, Hilton K Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Anxiety, Mood, and Substance Use Disorders in Parents of Children With Anxiety Disorders.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Examined the prevalence of anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders in the parents of anxiety disordered (AD) children relative to children with no psychological disorder (NPD). The specificity of relationships between child and parent anxiety disorders was also investigated. Results revealed higher prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in parents of AD children relative to NPD children. Specific child-mother relationships were found between child separation anxiety and panic disorder and maternal panic disorder, as were child and maternal social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, and specific phobias. Findings a...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - February 20, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Hughes AA, Furr JM, Sood ED, Barmish AJ, Kendall PC Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Personality and Psychopathology in Flemish Referred Children: Five Perspectives of Continuity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study investigates five types of continuity of personality and internalizing and externalizing problems (i.e., structural, differential, mean-level, individual-level and ipsative continuity) in a sample of referred children and adolescents (N = 114) with a broad variety of psychological problems. Mothers were administered a child personality and psychopathology measure, i.e., the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children [Handleiding hiërarchische persoonlijkheidsvragenlijst voor kinderen (manual hierarchical personality inventory for children). Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Pers...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 25, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: De Bolle M, De Clercq B, Van Leeuwen K, Decuyper M, Rosseel Y, De Fruyt F Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease: The Role of Intrapersonal Characteristics and Stress Processing Variables.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed to test a mediator model based on the Risk and Resistance model to explore the role of intrapersonal characteristics and stress processing variables in psychosocial functioning. Participants were 44 adolescents with SCD, 15 healthy siblings, and 43 primary caregivers, recruited from an East Coast comprehensive sickle cell center. The participants completed paper and pencil measures of resilience factors (attributional style, hope, coping) and internalizing symptoms (depression, anxiety). Internalizing symptoms among adolescents with SCD and healthy siblings did not differ and were within non-clinical range...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 24, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Simon K, Barakat LP, Patterson CA, Dampier C Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Assessment of Relevant Parenting Factors in Families of Clinically Anxious Children: The Family Assessment Clinician-Rated Interview (FACI).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion Results suggest that the FACI is a promising measure of family anxiety constructs that may be useful in both research and clinical settings. PMID: 19165591 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development)
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 23, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Ehrenreich JT, Micco JA, Fisher PH, Masia Warner C Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

One-Year Follow-up of Family versus Child CBT for Anxiety Disorders: Exploring the Roles of Child Age and Parental Intrusiveness.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion FCBT may yield a stronger treatment effect than CCBT that lasts for at least 1 year, although the lack of consistency across informants necessitates a circumspect view of the findings. The potential moderating and mediating effects considered in this study offer interesting avenues for further study. PMID: 19165592 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development)
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 23, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Wood JJ, McLeod BD, Piacentini JC, Sigman M Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children in an African American Adolescent Sample.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study represents an important first step toward establishing more comprehensive age, race, and gender norms for the MASC. PMID: 19165593 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development)
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 23, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Kingery JN, Ginsburg GS, Burstein M Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Infant Temperament in Russia, United States of America, and Israel: Differences and Similarities Between Russian-speaking Families.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study addresses cross-cultural differences between infants born to families of Russian immigrants in USA and Israel, as well as Russian families residing in Russia, with the emphasis on evaluating the impact of immigration and acculturation. Community samples of primary caregivers of infants between 3 and 12 months of age were recruited and asked to complete temperament (IBQ-R) and acculturation (SAM) questionnaires. Results support our hypotheses that cultural influences contribute to shaping infant temperament, in so far as differences between the samples of infants were found in Perceptual Sensitivity an...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 23, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Gartstein MA, Peleg Y, Young BN, Slobodskaya HR Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Psychometric Properties of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C) in Children with Anxiety Disorders.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C) (Laurent et al. Psychol Asses 1: 326-338, 1999) in a sample of 139 children (ages 7-14 years) diagnosed with a principal anxiety disorder. Results from this study provided support for the convergent validity of the PANAS-C with established measures of childhood anxiety and depression. As predicted, negative affect was significantly associated with measures of anxiety and depression whereas positive affect was associated with depression. However, weaknesses in discriminant validity were found, most notably wi...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 14, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Hughes AA, Kendall PC Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Objective Sleep Measurement in Typically and Atypically Developing Preschool Children with ADHD-Like Profiles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions In this non-clinical sample of preschool age children, parental reports of clinical ADHD profiles were significantly associated with parental reports of sleep problems but not with actigraphically recorded sleep-wake data. PMID: 19142725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development)
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - January 14, 2009 Category: Child Development Authors: Goodlin-Jones BL, Waters S, Anders TF Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

When Depression Mediates the Relationship Between Entity Beliefs and Performance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to determine whether depression can explain the negative relationship between academic performance and the belief that intelligence is a fixed trait, i.e., entity belief. A sample of 353 French volunteer adolescents (age 11-16) completed questionnaires assessing entity theory and depressive symptoms (Children Depression Inventory: CDI). Academic performance was assessed by math performance while controlling for baseline level of math ability. Results of this study revealed that entity theory is a significant negative predictor of academic performance and a significant positive predictor of dep...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - November 28, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Da Fonseca D, Cury F, Santos A, Payen V, Bounoua L, Brisswalter J, Rufo M, Poinso F, Deruelle C Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Common and Specific Emotion-related Predictors of Anxious and Depressive Symptoms in Youth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined whether specific emotion-related constructs may be uniquely related to anxious or depressive symptoms in youth. Although anxiety and depression are comorbid in both youth and adult populations, delineation of these disorders is a worthwhile endeavor given that such differentiation may lead to a clearer conceptualization of the disorders that in turn may facilitate more efficient diagnosis and effective treatment. Children in the 4th and 5th grades (N = 187; M age = 10 years, 3 months) completed measures to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression and emotion-related functioning. Using structural equati...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - November 28, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Suveg C, Hoffman B, Zeman JL, Thomassin K Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Childrearing Style in Families of Anxiety-Disordered Children: Between-Family and Within-Family Differences.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined whether (1) parents of anxiety-disordered (AD) children differed from those of non-clinical controls in their childrearing style, and whether (2) the child-rearing style of parents towards AD children is different from that towards their siblings. A clinical sample of 25 AD children, age range 8-13 years, was compared with 25 siblings and a non-clinical control group (n = 25). Childrearing was assessed by means of parental self-report, child report and through an expressed emotion interview measure. AD children perceived more parental rejection than non-clinical control children or the AD children's sib...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - November 4, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Lindhout IE, Markus MT, Borst SR, Hoogendijk TH, Dingemans PM, Boer F Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Physiologically-Indexed and Self-Perceived Affective Empathy in Conduct-Disordered Children High and Low on Callous-Unemotional Traits.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Heart rate (HR) was employed to compare vicarious affective arousal across three groups of children (aged 7.6 - 11, N = 95): Conduct Disordered (CD) elevated on Callous-Unemotional traits (CD/CU), CD low on CU traits (CD-only), and [Symbol: see text]typically-developing' controls, matched in age, gender and socioeconomic background. While watching an emotion evocative film, participants' HR was monitored. Immediately after viewing, self-reported vicarious responses were obtained. Participants also completed the Bryant Empathy Index. CD/CU children displayed lower magnitude of HR change than both CD-only and controls. B...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - September 16, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous X, Warden D Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

The Prevalence and Incremental Validity of Identity Problem Symptoms in a High School Sample.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper examines the expression, prevalence, and incremental validity of identity problem symptoms in adolescence. A sample of high school students (N = 140) aged 15-18 completed measures of identity problem symptoms, identity status, and psychological symptom severity. Findings suggested that 14.3% would meet DSM IV criteria for identity problem. Identity problem symptoms predicted psychological symptom scores beyond identity status, and identity status accounted for substantially less variance in psychological symptom severity when controlling for identity problem symptoms. Additional research on the relationship ...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - September 11, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Berman SL, Weems CF, Petkus VF Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

The Relationship Between Theory of Mind and Executive Function in a Sample of Children from Mainland China.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To explore the relationship between theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) in a sample of individuals from mainland China, 20 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), 26 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and 30 normal control subjects were compared on two batteries of ToM tasks and EF tasks. Children with ASD had a significant theory of mind impairment relative to the other controls, while non-verbal IQ removed group differences in executive function. ToM was significantly correlated with inhibitory control. Performance on inhibitory control tasks, however, did not affect pe...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - September 9, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Yang J, Zhou S, Yao S, Su L, McWhinnie C Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Cross-Sectional Study of Women with Trichotillomania: A Preliminary Examination of Pulling Styles, Severity, Phenomenology, and Functional Impact.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions, treatment implications, limitations, and future areas of research are discussed. PMID: 18780180 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development)
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - September 9, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Flessner CA, Woods DW, Franklin ME, Keuthen NJ, Piacentini J Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Five Systems of Psychiatric Classification for Preschool Children: Do Differences in Validity, Usefulness and Reliability Make for Competitive or Complimentary Constellations?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
DSM-IV and ICD-10 have limitations in the diagnostic classification of psychiatric disorders at preschool age (0-5 years). The publication of the Diagnostic Classification 0-3 (DC:0-3) in 1994, its basically revised second edition (DC:0-3R) in 2005 and the Research Diagnostic Criteria--Preschool Age (RDC-PA) in 2004 have provided several modifications of these manuals. Taking into account the growing empirical evidence highlighting the need for a diagnostic classification system for psychiatric disorders in preschool children, the main categorical classification systems in preschool psychiatry will be presented and dis...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - August 14, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Postert C, Averbeck-Holocher M, Beyer T, Müller J, Furniss T Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals

Acculturative Family Distancing: Links with Self-Reported Symptomatology among Asian Americans and Latinos.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion AFD processes were associated with the mental health of students and the functioning of their families. These findings highlight potential foci to address in prevention and intervention programs, such as improving communication and teaching families how to negotiate cultural value differences. PMID: 18663569 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development)
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - July 29, 2008 Category: Child Development Authors: Hwang WC, Wood JJ Tags: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Source Type: journals