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Author Index and Subject IndexEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - October 20, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals

Editiorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - October 20, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals

JCLB_24(9)_BM1_AdvertEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 22, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals

Editiorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 22, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals

Young and older adults use different strategies to perform a standing turning taskEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Falls are the leading cause of death in adults over 65years of age. Falls during turning are likely to result in costly and debilitating hip fractures. Two-thirds of adults who fracture a hip will never regain their previous level of independence. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine performance of turning in place in young and older adults.Methods: Ten young (mean age=25years) and 10 community-dwelling older adults (mean age=75years) performed a standing turning task under two conditions: feet constrained and feet unconstrained. Dependent measures were rotational range of motion of th...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 21, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jennifer L. Baird, Richard E.A. Van Emmerik Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Knee joint kinematics, kinetics and muscle co-contraction in knee osteoarthritis patient gaitEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Compared to matched controls, knee osteoarthritis patients walk with altered, kinematics, kinetics and muscle activity. Studies of osteoarthritis patient gait have focused on individual measures, and findings from these studies differ due to differences in patient levels of disability and age. Therefore, aims of this study were to examine kinematic, kinetic and muscle co-contraction gait variables within a single osteoarthritis patient group, and to determine if alterations in these variables are related to pain, symptom and function measures.Methods: Thirty asymptomatic controls and 54 patients with ...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 17, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tamika L. Heiden, David G. Lloyd, Timothy R. Ackland Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

ISB Clinical Biomechanics Award 2009: Toe weakness and deformity increase the risk of falls in older peopleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Hallux valgus and lesser toe deformities are highly prevalent foot problems in older people. One factor contributing to the development of these toe deformities is reduced toe flexor strength. As adequate toe flexor strength is also crucial in maintaining balance, it was hypothesised that poor toe flexor strength and toe deformities would increase the risk of falls in community-dwelling older people.Method: The feet of 312 men and women aged 60–90years were assessed for the presence of lesser toe deformities and hallux valgus. Hallux and lesser toe flexor strength were assessed using an emed AT-4 pr...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 13, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Karen J. Mickle, Bridget J. Munro, Stephen R. Lord, Hylton B. Menz, Julie R. Steele Tags: ISB Clinical Biomechanics Award 2009 Source Type: journals

Changes in running kinematics and kinetics in response to a rockered shoe interventionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: A suggested link between ambulatory mechanics and injury development has resulted in significant interest the development of footwear to change locomotion patterns. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that there will be significant changes in the kinematics and kinetics at the ankle and minimal changes at the knee and hip in the mechanics of running in a shoe with a sagittal plane curvature relative to a flat soled shoe.Methods: During running 3-D lower extremity kinematics and kinetics for 19 healthy volunteers were quantified using an optoelectronics system and a force plate. Data w...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 9, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Katherine A. Boyer, Thomas P. Andriacchi Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Pressure characteristics at the stump/socket interface in transtibial amputees using an adaptive prosthetic footEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: The technological advances that have been made in developing highly functional prostheses are promising for very active patients but we do not yet know whether they cause an increase in biomechanical load along with possibly negative consequences for pressure conditions in the socket. Therefore, this study monitored the socket pressure at specific locations of the stump when using a microprocessor-controlled adaptive prosthetic ankle under different walking conditions.Methods: Twelve unilateral transtibial amputees between 43 and 59years of age were provided with the Proprio-Foot™ (Össur) and under...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 9, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sebastian I. Wolf, Merkur Alimusaj, Laetitia Fradet, Johannes Siegel, Frank Braatz Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Biomechanical analysis of posterior cruciate ligament retaining high-flexion total knee arthroplastyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: High-flexion knee replacements have been developed to accommodate a large range of flexion (>120°) after total knee arthroplasty. Both posterior cruciate ligament retaining and sacrificing high-flexion knee designs have been marketed. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical performance of a cruciate-retaining high-flexion knee replacement. Furthermore, the mechanical behaviour of this high-flexion knee replacement was compared to both a cruciate-retaining conventional and a posterior-stabilized high-flexion knee replacement.Methods: A finite element prosthetic knee model wa...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 6, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: J. Zelle, A.C. Van der Zanden, M. De Waal Malefijt, N. Verdonschot Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

The effect of triangular fibrocartilage complex injury on extensor carpi ulnaris function and frictionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: It has been previously shown that injury to the triangular fibrocartilage complex increases the moment arm of the extensor carpi ulnaris. This will reduce the force producing capacity of the muscle in some situations, but will also increase its mechanical advantage. It is also possible that the change in the tendon path may increase tendon friction, predisposing the patient to future repetitive motion injury. It is the purpose of this study to determine the effects of triangular fibrocartilage complex injury on extensor carpi ulnaris moment producing capacity and tendon friction.Methods: A simple simu...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - September 6, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Zachary J. Domire, Furkan E. Karabekmez, Ahmet Duymaz, Timothy S. Rutar, Peter C. Amadio, Steven L. Moran Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Strength training improves fall-related gait kinematics in the elderly: A randomized controlled trialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Falls are one of the greatest concerns among the elderly. Among a number of strategies proposed to reduce the risk of falls, improving muscle strength has been applied as a successful preventive strategy. Although it has been suggested as a relevant strategy, no studies have analyzed how muscle strength improvements affect the gait pattern. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a lower limb strength training program on gait kinematics parameters associated with the risk of falls in elderly women.Methods: Twenty seven elderly women were assigned in a balance and randomized order into an...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 31, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Leslie N. Persch, Carlos Ugrinowitsch, Gleber Pereira, André L.F. Rodacki Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Biomechanical comparison of a new staple technique with tension band wiring for transverse patella fracturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides evidence based on a cadaveric model that compression staples have a promising potential to treat transverse patella fractures. (Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 27, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Bernd Schnabel, Martin Scharf, Karsten Schwieger, Markus Windolf, Bas van der Pol, Volker Braunstein, Andreas Appelt Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Triceps-surae musculotendinous stiffness: Relative differences between obese and non-obese postmenopausal womenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: There is a lack of research into the relationship between obesity and muscle–tendon unit stiffness in postmenopausal women. Muscle–tendon unit stiffness appears to affect human motion performance and excessive and insufficient stiffness can increase the risk of bone and soft tissue injuries, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle–tendon unit stiffness and obesity in postmenopausal women.Methods: 105 postmenopausal women (58 [SD 5.5] years) participated. Four groups (normal weight, pre-obese, obesity class I and obesity class II) were defined accord...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Aurélio Faria, Ronaldo Gabriel, João Abrantes, Rui Brás, Helena Moreira Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Static and dynamic correlates of the knee adduction moment in healthy knees ranging from normal to varus-alignedEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: These results suggest that dynamic measures slightly enhance the predictive strength of static measures when explaining variation in the knee adduction moment. (Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Joaquin A. Barrios, Jill S. Higginson, Todd D. Royer, Irene S. Davis Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

A prospective randomized assessment of earlier functional recovery in THA patients treated by minimally invasive direct anterior approach: A gait analysis studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Total hip replacement using a minimally invasive surgical approach is claimed to enable recovering of motor function more quickly. The purpose of this prospective As per the stylesheet, kindly provide section headings for abstract.and randomized study was to test this claim by evaluating early patient functional outcomes by gait analysis.Methods: Seventeen patients were operated on using a traditional anterolateral approach (AL), 16 using a minimally invasive direct anterior approach (DA). Gait analysis was performed the day before surgery, and at 6 and 12weeks after surgery. Time–distance and kinem...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Eckart Mayr, Michael Nogler, Maria-Grazia Benedetti, Oliver Kessler, Andrea Reinthaler, Martin Krismer, Alberto Leardini Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Creation of an asymmetrical gradient of back muscle activity and spinal stiffness during asymmetrical hip extensionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Low back pain is often associated with increased spinal stiffness which thought to arise from increased muscle activity. Unfortunately, the association between paraspinal muscle activity and paraspinal stiffness, as well as the spatial distribution of this relation, is unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to employ new technological developments to determine the relation between spinal muscle contraction and spinal stiffness over a large region of the lumbar spine.Methods: Thirty-two male subjects performed graded isometric prone right hip extension at four different exertion levels (0%, 10%...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Y. Hu, Y.L. Wong, William W. Lu, Gregory N. Kawchuk Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

High magnitude cyclic load triggers inflammatory response in lumbar ligamentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Cumulative trauma disorder is commonly reported by workers engaged in prolonged repetitive/cyclic occupational activities. Recent experimental evidence confirms that relatively short periods of cyclic lumbar flexion at high loads result in substantial creep of viscoelastic tissues, prolonged periods of its recovery to baseline together with a neuromuscular disorder and exposure to instability. The biochemical process associated with the creep and neuromuscular disorder are not well explored. The purpose of the study is to identify the ligaments as one of the organs of failure and an acute inflammation...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Karen King, Bradley Davidson, Bing He Zhou, Yun Lu, Moshe Solomonow Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Proximal half angle of the screw thread is a critical design variable affecting the pull-out strength of cancellous bone screwsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Screws with strong pull-out strength have been sought for the treatment of cancellous bone. We hypothesized that an obliquely angled screw thread has advantages over conventional vertical thread with a minimal proximal half angle.Methods: Metal and bone screws were made of stainless steel and porcine cortical bone. Their proximal half angle was set at 0°, 30°, or 60°. The screws were inserted into porcine cancellous bone. At 0°, the thread faced the recipient bone vertically. Pullout tests at a rate of 30mm/min (n=40, each screw type) and microcomputed tomography (n=6) were conducted.Findings: The...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Yingxu Wang, Ryuji Mori, Nobuaki Ozoe, Takahisa Nakai, Yuji Uchio Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Effects of foot orthoses on the work of friction of the posterior tibial tendonEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined changes to the work of friction of the posterior tibial tendon under three conditions: intact, simulated flatfoot, and flatfoot with an orthosis. It was hypothesized that work of friction of the posterior tibial tendon would significantly increase in the flatfoot, yet return to normal with an orthosis. Changes to bone orientation were also expected.Methods: Six lower limb cadavers were mounted in a foot simulator, that applied axial and a posterior tibial tendon load. Posterior tibial tendon excursion, gliding resistance, and foot kinematics were monitored, and work of friction calculated. Each specimen...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Takaaki Hirano, Matthew B.A. McCullough, Harold B. Kitaoka, Kazuya Ikoma, Kenton R. Kaufman Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Diabetic gait and posture abnormalities: A biomechanical investigation through three dimensional gait analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy is a long-term diabetic complication. It is involved in the pathogenesis of the diabetic foot, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The study aims to investigate the effects of diabetic polyneuropathy on gait and posture.Methods: Sixty seven subjects were enrolled: 21 diabetics without polyneuropathy, 26 with polyneuropathy, 20 controls (respectively, mean age 63.8 (SD 5.4), 63.2 (SD 5.6), 59.0 (SD 5.2) years, mean body mass index 26.3 (SD 2.5), 25.6 (SD 3), 24.0 (SD 2.9)). Postural and morphological evaluation and gait analysis were performed. Physic...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Zimi Sawacha, Guarneri Gabriella, Giuseppe Cristoferi, Annamaria Guiotto, Angelo Avogaro, Claudio Cobelli Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

JCLB_24(8)BM1_Advert-full pageEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 22, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals

Editiorial BoardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 22, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals

Gait analysis after bi-compartmental knee replacementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: It is reported that a majority of the patients with knee osteoarthritis have cartilage degeneration in medial and patellofemoral compartments. A bi-compartmental knee replacement system was designed to treat osteoarthritis at medial and patellofemoral compartments. To date, there is very little information regarding the knee mechanics during gait after bi-compartmental knee replacement. The purpose of the study was to evaluate knee strength and mechanics during level walking after knee replacement.Methods: Ten healthy control subjects and eight patients with unilateral bi-compartmental knee replacemen...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 19, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: He Wang, Eric Dugan, Jeff Frame, Lindsey Rolston Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Investigation of standing balance in diabetic patients with and without peripheral neuropathy using accelerometersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigates balance instability in diabetic patients with and without peripheral neuropathy.Methods: Quiet standing balance was investigated using an accelerometric-based method in 24 diabetic patients (12 with and 12 without peripheral neuropathy) and compared with 12 control subjects. Accelerations were measured at lumbar and ankle levels using three accelerometers. Two standing conditions of 30s were evaluated (i.e., eyes opened, eyes closed). The range and root mean square values were calculated on the anterior posterior component of lumbar and ankle accelerations and for the medial lateral component of lum...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 16, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: K. Turcot, L. Allet, A. Golay, P. Hoffmeyer, S. Armand Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Variability of motion in individuals with mechanical or functional ankle instability during a stop jump maneuverEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Movement variability may influence episodes of instability following lateral ankle sprain.Methods: Sixty-three recreational athletes with a history of moderate-severe ankle sprain were recruited. Mechanically and functionally unstable ankle groups had ⩾2 episodes of instability in the last year. Mechanically unstable had clinically lax lateral ankle ligaments; functionally unstable and copers did not. Copers had a history of sprain but no residual instability. Lower extremity 3-dimensional kinematics and ground reaction forces were measured during a 2-legged stop jump. Average ensemble curves of eig...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 12, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Cathleen N. Brown, Darin A. Padua, Stephen W. Marshall, Kevin M. Guskiewicz Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Ankle-foot orthoses in stroke: Effects on functional balance, weight-bearing asymmetry and the contribution of each lower limb to balance controlEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the effects of ankle-foot orthoses on functional balance, static and dynamic weight-bearing asymmetry and dynamic balance control of the paretic and non-paretic lower limbs.Methods: Twenty stroke subjects (time since stroke 5–127months) completed the study. Subjects were assessed with and without ankle-foot orthosis. Functional balance was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up & Go test, Timed Balance Test, 10-m walking test and Functional Ambulation Categories. Weight-bearing asymmetry and dynamic balance control were assessed with force plates on a movable platform.Findings: No significant...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 9, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Corien D.M. Simons, Edwin H.F. van Asseldonk, Herman van der Kooij, Alexander C.H. Geurts, Jaap H. Buurke Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Gastrocnemius tightness on joint angle and work of lower extremity during gaitEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, a two-way mixed design ANOVA was applied to investigate the effects of the gastrocnemius tightness on the joint angle and joint work during walking.Methods: Twenty-two patients with muscular tightness of gastrocnemius muscle (15° of ankle dorsiflexion with knee extended) participated in this study. The joint angle and work at hip, knee, and ankle joints during the stance phase were analyzed at two preset cadences of 100steps/min and 140steps/min.Findings: Significantly greater flexion angles at hip (P=0.025) and knee (P=0.001) were found in the tightness group at the time of maximal ankle dorsiflexion. Sign...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 9, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jia-Yuan You, Hsin-Min Lee, Hong-Ji Luo, Chwan-Chin Leu, Pen-Gang Cheng, Shyi-Kuen Wu Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Altered muscle activation characteristics associated with single volitional forward stepping in middle-aged adultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated whether or not the patterns and quantitative characteristics of the trunk and lower extremity muscle activations associated with stepping, which represents an important movement for arresting falls, differ between middle-aged adults and young adults.Methods: Nine healthy young adults (age=22[3] years) and nine healthy middle-aged adults (age=52[8] years), performed a single-step, volitional, fast forward stepping movement with each leg. The stepping movement was divided into the step-initiation, single-leg-support, and landing phases based on foot-switch signals. The activation sequence, occurrence ...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 9, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Yu-Hsiu Chu, Pei-Fang Tang, Hui-Ya Chen, Chih-Hsiu Cheng Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Whiplash injury prevention with active head restraintEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to investigate the relation between the active head restraint position and peak neck motion using a new human model of the neck.Methods: The model consisted of an osteoligamentous neck specimen mounted to the torso of a rear impact dummy and carrying an anthropometric head stabilized with muscle force replication. Rear impacts (7.1 and 11.1g) were simulated with and without the active head restraint. Physiologic rotation was determined from intact flexibility tests. Significant reductions (P0.3 and P (Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 9, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Paul C. Ivancic, Daohang Sha, Manohar M. Panjabi Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

A comparison of gait biomechanics and metabolic requirements of overground and treadmill walking in people with strokeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined this issue by examining the kinematic, kinetic and metabolic demands associated with overground and treadmill walking at matched speeds and also explored the effect of increasing treadmill speed.Methods: Ten people with hemiparesis walked overground at their preferred speed which was matched on the treadmill. Belt speed was then increased 10% and 20% above preferred speed. Temporal-distance outcomes, angular kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces were recorded during steady state (stable heart rate and oxygen uptake).Findings: Step and stance times were longer when walking overground but the degree of s...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 6, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Brenda Brouwer, Krishnaji Parvataneni, Sandra J. Olney Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Analysis of partial meniscectomy and ACL reconstruction in knee joint biomechanics under a combined loadingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Despite partial meniscectomies and ligament reconstructions as treatments of choice for meniscal and ligament injuries, respectively, the knee joint osteoarthritis persists.Methods: A detailed nonlinear finite element model of the knee joint was developed to evaluate biomechanics of the tibiofemoral joint under 200N drawer load with and without 1500N compression preload. The model incorporated composite structure of cartilage and meniscus. The effects on joint response and articular contact pressure of unilateral partial meniscectomy, of changes in prestrain or material properties of the anterior cruc...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 4, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: R. Shirazi, A. Shirazi-Adl Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

The effect of landmarks and bone motion on posture-related changes in carpal tunnel volumeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Deviated wrist postures have been linked to carpal tunnel syndrome development, yet the effect of posture on carpal tunnel volume remains unclear. The purposes of this study were (i) to evaluate the effect of boundary definitions on tunnel volume estimates in neutral and non-neutral (30° flexion, 30° extension) wrist postures and (ii) to develop a biomechanical wrist simulation to predict posture-related changes in tunnel volume.Methods: Two carpal tunnel volume measures were calculated using (i) ulnar bony landmarks and (ii) radial and ulnar bony landmarks identified directly from magnetic resonanc...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 4, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jeremy P.M. Mogk, Peter J. Keir Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Wear behaviour in total ankle replacement: A comparison between an in vitro simulation and retrieved prosthesesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: To minimise wear of the meniscal component in total ankle replacement, a three-component artificial joint has recently been developed. This new prosthesis has convex spherical tibial and anticlastic talar metal components with non-anatomic but ligament-compatible shapes in the sagittal plane, and a fully conforming ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene meniscal component inserted in between. The in vitro wear of meniscal components can be assessed using a four-station joint simulator. The study was aimed at comparing wear patterns obtained in vitro with those observed in implant retrievals with the...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 29, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: S. Affatato, P. Taddei, A. Leardini, S. Giannini, M. Spinelli, M. Viceconti Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Effect of various forearm axially rotated postures on elbow load and elbow flexion angle in one-armed arrest of a forward fallEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Falling onto the outstretched hand is a major cause of upper extremity injury. The overall objectives of this study were to develop an experimental model for elbow load during a simulated fall onto one-armed arrest using three different forearm axially rotated postures as alternative fall arrest strategies. Additionally, the relationship between the elbow flexion angle and different axially rotated postures were also investigated.Methods: Fifteen healthy young male Taiwanese graduate students with an average age of 23years were studied. Subjects performed a one-armed arrest of a 5cm fall onto a force ...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 29, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Pei-Hsi Chou, Shu-Zon Lou, Hsin-Chieh Chen, Chuei-Fu Chiu, You-Li Chou Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Analysis of joint laxity after total ankle arthroplasty: Cadaver studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Clinical results of total ankle arthroplasty with early designs were disappointing. Recently-developed ankle prostheses have good mid-term results; however, limited information is available regarding effects of total ankle arthroplasty on ankle laxity.Methods: Eight cadaveric lower extremities were tested with a custom device which enabled measurement of multi-axial forces, moments, and displacement during applied axial, shear, and rotational loading. Tests consisted of anterior–posterior and medial–lateral translation and internal–external rotation of the talus relative to the tibia during axia...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 26, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kota Watanabe, Xavier M. Crevoisier, Harold B. Kitaoka, Kristin D. Zhao, Lawrence J. Berglund, Kenton R. Kaufman, Kai-Nan An Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Reconstruction interlocking nails for ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures: Biomechanical analysis of effect of supplementary cannulated screw on intracapsular femoral neck fractureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: To stabilize the femoral head in ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures, one cannulated screw was supplemented in front of the reconstruction interlocking nail (recon nail).Methods: Twenty-eight left sawbone femurs were divided into two groups. The 14 femurs in each group were osteotomized with subcapital or transcervical fractures. The shafts of all femurs were also osteotomized, and 1cm of the distal segmental cortex was excised. Next, all the fractures were treated with static recon nails to concomitantly stabilize both femoral neck and shaft fractures. Additionally, seven subcapital fracture...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 26, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Chi-Chuan Wu, Ching-Lung Tai Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

The strength of polyaxial locking interfaces of distal radius platesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigates the mechanical strength of single polyaxial interfaces of different volar radius plates.Methods: Single screw–plate interfaces of the implants Palmar 2.7 (Königsee Implantate und Instrumente zur Osteosynthese GmbH, Allendorf, Germany), VariAx™ (Stryker Leibinger GmbH & Co. KG, Freiburg, Germany) und Viper™ (Integra LifeSciences Corporation, Plainsboro, NJ, USA) were tested by cantilever bending. The strength of 0°, 10° and 20° screw locking angle was obtained during static and dynamic loading.Findings: The Palmar 2.7 interfaces showed greater ultimate strength and fatigue strength than the...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 26, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Konrad L. Hoffmeier, Gunther O. Hofmann, Thomas Mückley Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Application of isometric load on a facial muscle – The zygomaticus majorEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study demonstrates that an isometric load was possibly applied and a significant intensity of electrical stimulation could be tolerated and delivered to the isometrically loaded facial muscle. The isometric loading would be utilized for loaded facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapeutically and also for measurement of the force generation capacity of the zygomaticus major diagnostically. (Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 23, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kyoung-Eun Kim, Seung Ha Oh, Shi-Uk Lee, Sun G. Chung Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Corrigendum to “Subject specific finite element analysis of stress shielding around a cementless femoral stem” [Clin. Biomech. 24 (2009) 196–202]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The authors of the above article regret that a reference (Baca et al., 2008) was incomplete in this paper. The complete reference can be found below. Baca, V., Horak, Z., Mikulenka, P., Dzupa, V., 2008. Comparison of an inhomogeneous orthotropic and isotropic material models used for FE analyses. Med. Eng. Phys. 30, 924–930. (Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 20, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sune H. Pettersen, Tina S. Wik, Bjørn Skallerud Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: journals

Diabetic effects on microchambers and macrochambers tissue properties in human heel padsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: The study attempted to highlight the differences of mechanical properties in microchambers and macrochambers between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and age-matched healthy volunteers.Methods: A total of 29 heels in 18 diabetic patients and 28 heels in 16 age-matched healthy participants were examined by a loading device consisting of a 10-MHz compact linear-array ultrasound transducer, a Plexiglas cylinder, and a load cell. Subjects in both groups were on average about 55years old with a body mass index of approximately 25kg/m2. A stepping motor was used to progressively load the transducer on...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 20, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Chih-Chin Hsu, Wen-Chung Tsai, Tzu-Yo Hsiao, Fen-Yu Tseng, Yio-Wha Shau, Chung-Li Wang, Shih-Chieh Lin Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

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(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - July 7, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals

From “first” to “last” steps in life – Pressure patterns of three generationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: The human foot has to bear loads during all kinds of bipedal locomotion throughout the whole life. Rapid developmental changes of foot morphology and foot function occur during the first years of walking. Furthermore, disease dependent modifications can also have an influence on plantar loading. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that foot function will undergo changes in life. However, the main differences between the pressure patterns in young and elderly have not been well described. The aim of the study was to evaluate age-dependent pressure patterns in different age-related stages.Methods: Hun...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 28, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kerstin Bosch, Arne Nagel, Lars Weigend, Dieter Rosenbaum Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Tibiofemoral contact mechanics with a femoral resurfacing prosthesis and a non-functional meniscusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Increased contact stress with a femoral resurfacing prosthesis implanted in the medial femoral condyle and a non-functional meniscus is of concern for potential deleterious effects on tibiofemoral contact mechanics.Methods: Peak contact pressures were determined in seven fresh frozen human cadaveric specimens using a pressure sensitive sensor placed in the medial compartment above the menisci. A knee simulator was used to test each knee in static stance positions (5°/15°/30°/45°) and through 10 dynamic knee flexion cycles (5–45°) with single body weight ground reaction force which was adjusted ...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 28, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Christoph Becher, Roland Huber, Hajo Thermann, Carsten Oliver Tibesku, Gobert von Skrbensky Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Voluntary sway and rapid orthogonal transitions of voluntary sway in young adults, and low and high fall-risk older adultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to examine differences in postural stability and the speed of response between young adults, low fall-risk older adults, and high fall-risk older adults during voluntary postural sway movements.Methods: Twenty-five young adults (25±4years), and 32 low fall-risk (74±5years), and 16 high fall-risk (79±7years) older adults performed voluntary sway and rapid orthogonal transitions of voluntary sway between the anterior–posterior and medial–lateral directions. Measures included reaction and movement time and the amplitudes of the centre of pressure, centre of mass, and the separation dista...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 28, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Murray G. Tucker, Justin J. Kavanagh, Steven Morrison, Rod S. Barrett Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

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The following letter from Sacco et al. is in response to the letter from . Unfortunately, due to communication problems among the authors, it did not arrive before the deadline for reply but is published here for the benefit of readers who are interested in this discussion. (Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 28, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Isabel C.N. Sacco, Paula M.H. Akashi, Ewald Hennig Tags: Correspondence Source Type: journals

Muscle imbalance and reduced ankle joint motion in people with hammer toe deformityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Multiple factors may contribute to hammer toe deformity at the metatarsophalangeal joint. The purposes of this study were to (1) compare the ratio of toe extensor/flexor muscle strength in toes 2–4 among groups with and without hammer toe deformity, (2) to determine correlations between the ratio of toe extensor/flexor muscle strength in toes 2–4, and metatarsophalangeal joint deformity (3) to determine if other clinical measures differ between groups and if these measures are correlated with metatarsophalangeal joint angle.Methods: Twenty-seven feet with visible hammer toe deformity and 31 age ma...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 16, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: O.Y. Kwon, L.J. Tuttle, J.E. Johnson, M.J. Mueller Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Effects of eccentric exercise on trapezius electromyography during computer work with active and passive pausesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: The aim of this laboratory study was to investigate the effects of eccentric exercises on the trapezius muscle spatial electromyographic (EMG) activity during computer work with active and passive pauses.Methods: Twelve healthy male subjects performed computer work with passive (relax) and active (30% maximum voluntary contraction of shoulder elevation) pauses given every 40s over 2 days, before, immediately and 24h after eccentric exercise. Surface EMG signals were recorded from four parts of the trapezius during computer work.Findings: EMG amplitude during computer work decreased immediately after e...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 16, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Afshin Samani, Andreas Holtermann, Karen Søgaard, Pascal Madeleine Tags: Papers Source Type: journals

Effect of tibial re-alignment surgery on single leg standing balance in patients with knee osteoarthritisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Background: Standing balance is impaired in individuals with knee osteoarthritis and is associated with disease severity. The effects of surgical interventions on standing balance have received little attention. The purpose of the present study was to examine measures of balance during tests of single-limb standing before and after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy – a lower limb re-alignment procedure for those with varus alignment and knee osteoarthritis.Methods: Standing balance was assessed in 49 individuals prior to and 12 months following medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. Participants p...
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 14, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Michael A. Hunt, Trevor B. Birmingham, Ian C. Jones, Anthony A. Vandervoort, J. Robert Giffin Tags: Brief Report Source Type: journals

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(Source: Clinical Biomechanics)
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - June 9, 2009 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: journals