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Localization of disease-related PrP in Danish patients with different subtypes of prion disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: There was a good morphological and anatomical concordance between what was found with PET-blot and IHC in all patients. In some specific cases, the PET-blot was superior to IHC in sensitivity. To our knowledge, this is the first report where PET-blot analysis is applied to hereditary forms of human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies and compared with sporadic cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. PMID: 19788047 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Bergström AL, Heegaard PM, Dyrbye H, Lind P, Laursen H Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum protein (herp) is up-regulated in parkinsonian substantia nigra and present in the core of Lewy bodies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The nigral glial cells that expressed Herp at a high level resembled TUNEL-positive glia. While some of these cells likely undergo degeneration, the strong up-regulation of Herp in glia could help to explain the inflammation-like changes observed in PD ("neuroinflammation") as it has been shown that the unfolded protein response serves as an important regulator of inflammatory genes in other organs. PMID: 19788048 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Slodzinski H, Moran LB, Michael GJ, Wang B, Novoselov S, Cheetham ME, Pearce RK, Graeber MB Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

The p62 antibody reveals various cytoplasmic protein aggregates in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Neuronal protein aggregates are considered as pathological hallmarks of various human neurodegenerative diseases, including the so-called CAG-repeat disorders, such as spinocerebellar ataxia Type 6 (SCA6). Since the immunocytochemical findings of an initial post-mortem study using a specific antibody against the disease protein of SCA6 (i.e., pathologically altered alpha-1A subunit of the P/Q type voltage-dependent calcium channel, CACNA1A) have not been confirmed so far, the occurrence and central nervous system distribution of neuronal protein aggregates in SCA6 is still a matter of debate. Owing to the fact that the...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Seidel K, Brunt ER, de Vos RA, Dijk F, van der Want HJ, Rüb U, den Dunnen WF Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Laminar distribution of the pathological changes in frontal and temporal cortex in 8 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Cortical pathology in PSP predominantly affects the lower laminae but may spread to affect the upper laminae in some cases. The NFT and GI may have different laminar distributions and gliosis occurs concurrently with neuronal enlargement. PMID: 19788050 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Armstrong RA, Cairns NJ Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Evaluation of brain apoptosis in a CADASIL postmortem case.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesized that in the early stages of the disease neuronal involvement of apoptosis is limited to the cells of the brain stem, sparing the cortical area which is involved in neuronal apoptosis and cognitive decline later. PMID: 19788051 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Battisti C, Formichi P, Radi E, Malandrini A, Federico A Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Clinical and immunohistochemical prognostic factors in adult glioblastoma patients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that EGFR and p53 overexpression along with loss of PTEN expression are important adjuncts to clinical variables in prognosticating glioblastoma patients. PMID: 19788052 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Umesh S, Tandon A, Santosh V, Anandh B, Sampath S, Chandramouli BA, Sastry Kolluri VR Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Podoplanin is a potential marker for the diagnosis of ependymoma: a comparative study with epithelial membrane antigen (EMA).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was undertaken to evaluate podoplanin as compared with EMA as a marker of ependymoma. A total of 16 ependymomas (WHO Grade (G) II, 9 cases; GIII, 4; myxopapillary, 2; GIII clear cell, (1) were immunohistochemically studied using antibodies against podoplanin (clones D2-40 and NZ-1) as well as an antibody against EMA (clone E29). In all cases, D2-40 and NZ-1 excellently labeled linear signals along the luminal surface of ependymal canals/rosettes, dot-like structures, and/or ringlike structures, as did E29. These structures were generally more abundant in GII ependymomas than in GIII ependymomas. A semiquantitati...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Ishizawa K, Komori T, Shimada S, Hirose T Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

An unusual case of intraventricular gliosarcoma.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a case of an exclusively lateral ventricular tumor probably arising from the interventricular septum and blocking the CSF pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an exclusively intraventricular gliosarcoma. PMID: 19788054 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Govindan A, Bhat DI, Mahadevan A, Chakraborti S, Sampath S, Chandramouli BA, Shankar SK Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Schwannosis induced medullary compression in VACTERL syndrome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A 7-year-old boy with a history of VACTERL syndrome was found collapsed in bed. MRI had shown basilar invagination of the skull base and narrowing of the foramen magnum. Angulation, swelling and abnormal high signal at the cervicomedullary junction were felt to be secondary to compression of the medulla. Neuropathologic examination showed bilateral replacement of the medullary tegmentum by an irregularly circumscribed cellular lesion which was composed of elongated GFAP/S 100-positive cells with spindled nuclei and minimal atypia. The pathologic findings were interpreted as intramedullary schwannosis with mass effect. ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Treacy A, Redmond M, Lynch B, Ryan S, Farrell M, Devaney D Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Primary pineal melanoma with leptomeningeal spreading: case report and review of the literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: A diagnosis of pineal melanoma should be considered in the presence of a pineal mass that appears hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypo- to isointense on T2-weighted images. The diagnosis is provided by pathological examination of tumor specimens obtained at surgical resection or at leptomeningeal biopsy. However, immunochemistry using anti-Melan-A, -S100 protein and/or -HMB45 antibodies on cerebrospinal fluid and leptomeningeal samples may be helpful in diagnosing such a disease. The prognosis of primary pineal melanoma is variable but meningeal spreading carries a dismal prognosis. The best therapeutic ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Martin-Blondel G, Rousseau A, Boch AL, Cacoub P, Sène D Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Diffuse follicle center lymphoma of the spine: a primary epidural lymphoma?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A 72-year-old right-handed woman presented with a 6-month history of right thoracic wall discomfort. An MRI of the thoracic spine showed a small dumbbell-shaped mass centered within the right T7-8 foramen. The patient was asked to return to clinic for reevaluation to include a new MRI of the thoracic spine in 6 months. She did not comply with this recommendation and 1 year later, she presented with increasing difficulty ambulating and spastic paraparesis. A follow-up MRI of the thoracic spine now demonstrated significant interval growth of the mass with an extra-foraminal component extending into the thoracic cavity. S...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - August 31, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Mesfin FB, Drazin D, Berry S, Homan S, Nazeer T, German JW Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Concepts and developments in peripheral nerve surgery.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nerve injuries may result in sensory and motor deficits when not treated appropriately. Especially the surgical management of nerve defects still represents a challenge for the surgeon. In these cases the grafting of autologous nerves represents the only reasonable approach. Due to the side effects associated with this method (sacrifice of donor nerves, neuroma formation in the harvesting area, limited availability of donor nerves, etc.), numerous alternatives were proposed in order to avoid the transplantation of autologous tissue. This review provides a general view on the state of the art of how to supply gaping inj...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Sinis N, Kraus A, Papagiannoulis N, Werdin F, Schittenhelm J, Meyermann R, Haerle M, Geuna S, Schaller HE Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Neuropathological changes in the peripheral nervous system and spinal cord in a transgenic mouse model of Niemann-Pick disease type A.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Despite the fact that a definite diagnosis of NPD Type A depends on enzymatic assays and/or molecular analysis, morphological investigation remains an important diagnostic procedure. Well-defined and complete neuropathological information about the ASMKO mouse model, inclusive of PNS examination, may be crucial in the pre-clinical evaluation of new therapies. PMID: 19642505 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Marmiroli P, Rodriguez-Menendez V, Rigamonti L, Tonoli E, Rigolio R, Cavaletti G, Tredici G, Vercelli A Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Dementia in a retired world boxing champion: case report and literature review.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Our neuropathologic data confirmed the notion that dementia in retired boxers could be due to several factors such as DP, multiple cerebral infarcts and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Our findings illustrate the need to comprehensively examine former boxers with dementia as well as carefully evaluate the neuropathologic changes that may cause or contribute to the patient's cognitive and behavioral symptoms. Such an approach is crucial in order to provide prompt and more definitive therapies. PMID: 19642506 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Nowak LA, Smith GG, Reyes PF Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Meningioma of the cavernous sinus in a child: case report and review of the literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe here a case of a meningioma in a 9-year-old girl unusual in two aspects. Firstly, it arose from the cavernous sinus what is exceptional in children. Secondly, despite the big tumor mass the child was almost asymptomatic. The only symptoms at presentation were a slight facial asymmetry and minimal laterodeviation of her mandible. Those symptoms had not been noticed by her parents and were detected during careful routine dental examination. The clinical course was quite aggressive and several neurosurgical interventions were necessary. This case underlines the importance of careful medical and dental examination ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Rousset-Caron MM, Wolowiec D, Czapiga B, Maurage CA, Trentesaux T, Nawrocki L Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Papillary glioneuronal tumor--prognostic value of the extension of surgical resection.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Although histopathology is usually characteristic, imaging features may also be important in the presurgical evaluation of PGNTs. Gross total resections are usually possible and seem to govern prognosis. However, longer follow-up data are required. PMID: 19642508 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Pimentel J, Barroso C, Miguéns J, Firmo C, Antunes JL Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Papillary tumor of the pineal region--a recently described entity: a report of three cases and review of the literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: PTPR is a distinct entity and needs to be differentiated from other tumors of the pineal region as the biological behavior of this tumor is not fully understood. Radiologically this tumor can sometimes be misdiagnosed as tectal glioma. PMID: 19642509 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Sharma MC, Jain D, Sarkar C, Suri V, Garg A, Sharma BS, Mehta VS Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Rapidly recurring folliculostellate cell tumor of the adenohypophysis with the morphology of a spindle cell oncocytoma: case report with electron microscopic studies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a rapidly recurring folliculostellate cell tumor of the adenohypophysis in a 63-year-old woman. Morphologically the tumor had the typical appearance of a spindle cell oncocytoma of the adenohypophysis. It recurred within 5 months of selective transsphenoidal resection, requiring a second transsphenoidal operation followed by radiation therapy. The spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of the adenohypophysis is a relatively recently described entity and a new addition to the fourth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. In our case, the ultrastructural features were significantly differ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Coiré CI, Horvath E, Smyth HS, Kovacs K Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Evidence for a progenitor cell population in the human pituitary.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The ability to isolate and propagate adult stem/progenitor cells from the human brain opens novel avenues for cell replacement therapy. This will also apply to the pituitary gland, i.e., following tumor induced endocrine deficiency. Herein, we examine autopsy derived pituitaries to unravel a putative stem/progenitor cell population in humans. In tissue sections of the anterior lobe nestin immunoreactive cells co-expressing smooth muscle actin (SMA) were identified in the perivascular space, indicating a pericytic differentiation. Under clonal conditions, this particular cell population generated primary and secondary c...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - June 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Weiss S, Siebzehnrübl FA, Kreutzer J, Blümcke I, Buslei R Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Efficient systemic therapy of rat glioblastoma by nanoparticle-bound doxorubicin is due to antiangiogenic effects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of doxorubicin bound to polysorbate-coated nanoparticles that had previously been shown to significantly enhance survival in the orthotopic rat 101/8 glioblastoma model. Tumor-bearing animals were subjected to chemotherapy using doxorubicin in solution (Dox-sol) or doxorubicin bound to polysorbate 80-coated poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (Dox-np) injected intravenously on Days 2, 5 and 8 post tumor implantation. The antitumor effect was assessed on Days 10, 14 and 18 post tumor implantation. Tumors showed signs of malignancy including invasion ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Hekmatara T, Bernreuther C, Khalansky AS, Theisen A, Weissenberger J, Matschke J, Gelperina S, Kreuter J, Glatzel M Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Glioblastoma multiforme with an unusual location and clinical course.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present a unique case of a brain tumor patient with atypical location and progression. He was initially presented with mood and anxiety type symptoms together with aphasia and left-sided paraesthesias. Magnetic resonance imaging and CSF were negative and the patient was diagnosed with PTSD as he recently experienced a small motor vehicle accident. Two months after the first presentation, MRI revealed multifocal juxtacortical, leptomeningeal hyperdensities in the bilateral frontal lobes. MRI-guided frameless stereotactic biopsy defined a diagnosis of GBM 1 week prior to death which occurred within 4 months. Postmortally,...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Gömöri E, Halbauer JD, Kasza G, Varga D, Horvath Z, Komoly S Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Rosenthal fiber-rich glioblastoma: a case report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a very rare case of GBM with abundant RFs. CASE REPORT: A 60-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of difficulty coordinating her right hand, occasional intermittent diplopia, and occasional dizzy spells. An MRI showed a heterogeneously enhancing, infiltrating mass lesion with a cystic component involving the left midbrain, thalamus, and posterior basal ganglia. Biopsy was performed. Cytologic touch imprints revealed fibrillary astrocytic cells possessing oval nuclei and long delicate processes with abundant RFs. Histologic sections showed diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma with prominent RFs diffusely ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Takei H, Powell SZ Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Simultaneous conus medullaris ependymoma and cerebellar astrocytoma in the same patient.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a patient who had pilocytic astrocytoma in the cerebellum and ependymoma in the cauda equina region, occurring simultaneously. The suggested mechanism of this association is that primitive multipotent cells might have been displaced in the different CNS areas and developed in different tumor cells. Multiplicity of primary CNS tumors should be considered in certain occasions, when clinical symptoms and signs are pointing in that direction. PMID: 19537133 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Marinovic T, Grahovac G, Habek M, Lambasa S, Tomac D Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Late development of craniopharyngioma following surgery for Rathke's cleft cyst.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Our case of adamantinomatous CP that developed long after removal of the RCC, diagnosed by beta-catenin staining, supports the hypothesis that CPs may develop from RCCs directly due to beta-catenin mutations. However, it still does not prove that a histogenetic connection can be shown between the two lesions which are clonally unrelated. Our case is reported as two consecutive lesions; this in itself is a rare situation. PMID: 19537134 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Park YS, Ahn JY, Kim DS, Kim TS, Kim SH Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Plurihormonal gonadotroph cell pituitary adenoma: report of a unique case.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The cytogenesis of plurihormonal pituitary adenomas is not fully understood. Further investigations are required to clarify the basis for their plurihormonality despite an ultrastructural gonadotroph phenotype. PMID: 19537135 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Al-Sharim M, Scheithauer BW, Horvath E, Kovacs K, Smyth H, Coire C, Lloyd RV, Jastania R, Al-Gahtany M Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Occult leptomeningeal large cell medulloblastoma in an adult.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Our experience with this unique case illustrates the challenges of diagnosing a primary leptomeningeal neoplasm. This case also underscores the importance of maintaining a high degree of suspicion for leptomeningeal neoplasms in patients who present with imaging studies suspicious for Chiari I malformation. PMID: 19537136 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Rushing EJ, Smith AB, Smirniotopoulos JG, Douglas AF, Zeng W, Azumi N Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Multiple ganglioneuromas: a report of a case and review of the ganglioneuromas.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
BACKGROUND: Ganglioneuromas are rare, benign, slowly growing and well-differentiated tumors of neurogenic origin, which are composed of ganglioid cells and Schwann cells. They usually present in patients under 30 years of age with a slight female predominance. They are most commonly localized in the posterior mediastinum (41.5%). Moreover, ganglioneuroma with multiple tumor masses in several organs is unusual. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we report and discuss a case of multiple ganglioneuromas in the maxillary sinus, liver, adrenal and mediastinum of a 30-years-old female patient. PMID: 19537137 [PubMed - in process] ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Dai X, Zhang R, Li Y, Wu G Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

A case of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with leptomeningeal dissemination and intraventricular mass lesion: an autopsy report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A 43-year-old female presented with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) manifesting as an intraventricular mass lesion and leptomeningeal and cerebral parenchymal infiltration by eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages. She had no history of either malignancy or allergic disorder. She complained of hearing disturbance caused by eosinophilic otitis media. Eosinophilia was detected in the peripheral blood. Hearing disturbance and eosinophilia improved with corticosteroid treatment. Six months later, she was admitted with disturbances of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass lesion in the righ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Kanamori M, Suzuki H, Sato I, Ohyama K, Tezuka F, Katakura R Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Do cyst wall thickness and cyst size have any effect on the intra-operative inadvertent rupture of echinococcal hydatid cyst of central nervous system?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the cyst size and wall thickness do not have any effect on the intact removal of hydatid cyst. It seems that the use of appropriate surgical techniques play the most effective role in outcome of hydatid cyst surgery. PMID: 19537139 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Balak N, Bayindir C, Uzuner E Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Persistent toxoplasma bradyzoite cysts in the brain: incidental finding in an immunocompetent patient without evidence of a toxoplasmosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report on a 72-year-old patient in whom autopsy demonstrated incidentally intracerebral Toxoplasma gondii cysts, locally restricted in the occipital lobe, in association with only a few CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and a mild microglial activation. The patient was HIV-negative. Serologically, there was no evidence for an active inflammation (Toxoplasma gondii specific antibody IgG-positive, IgM-negative). This unusual observation may indicate that in patients with sepsis, who may yield to a state of immunodysbalance, a focal reactivation of parasites may ensue in the absence of conditions predisposing for opportunistic infecti...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Pusch L, Romeike B, Deckert M, Mawrin C Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Adult fulminant subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: pathological and molecular studies--a case report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe a case of fulminant subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a 25-year-old male. Brain tissue biopsy showed histologic evidence of encephalitis with eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies (Cowdry Type A and B), intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, perivascular lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and gliosis. Immunohistochemical studies were positive using an anti-measles antibody. Reverse transcriptase-PCR detected measles virus RNA and phylogenetic analysis indicated a C2 genotype. The rare adult-onset form is often atypical and difficult to diagnose and should be included in the differential diagnosis of subacute ...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - April 30, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Souraud JB, Faivre A, Waku-Kouomou D, Gaillard T, Aouad N, Meaudre E, Wild FT, Fouet B, Soulard R Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Gliomatosis cerebri: clinicopathologic study of 33 cases and comparison of mass forming and diffuse types.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 and 2 GCs are somewhat different in clinical presentation and pathologic features. The age group, survival time, histologic grade, and Ki-67 labeling index were significantly correlated with subtypes ofGCs. Type 2 GC was correlated with poor survival but histologic grade was not. PMID: 19353837 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Park S, Suh YL, Nam DH, Kim ST Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Lhermitte-Duclos disease with atypical vascularization--case report and review of the literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates that LDD with atypical vascularization is a slow-growing posterior fossa mass lesion which may remain asymptomatic for many years. Timing of surgical treatment and extent of resection in patients with LDD is controversial. The typical features on standard T1-/T2-weighted MR imaging allow a diagnosis without surgery in most cases. The authors believe that the decision to treat in these cases should be based on clinical deterioration. PMID: 19353838 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Andres RH, Guzman R, Weis J, Brekenfeld C, Fandino J, Seiler RW Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Spindle cell oncocytoma of the adenohypophysis: report of a case with marked cellular atypia and recurrence despite adjuvant treatment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a case of SCO with typical histologic and immunohistochemical features in addition to marked cellular pleomorphism and nuclear atypia. It showed slow regrowth over a 30-month period of follow-up despite combined surgical and radiotherapy. Despite the benign course of most reported cases, additional experience with longer follow-up are needed to assess clinical, histopathologic, and proliferative indices and their relevance to optimal therapy for this rare pituitary tumor. PMID: 19353839 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Borota OC, Scheithauer BW, Fougner SL, Hald JK, Ramm-Pettersen J, Bollerslev J Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Radiation-induced osteosarcoma with a rhabdomyosarcoma component arising from the dura mater: a case report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: This radiation-induced tumor may have originated from primitive, multipotent mesenchymal cells, as it included both osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma components. PMID: 19353840 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Utsuki S, Oka H, Sato K, Shimizu S, Suzuki S, Fujii K Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Recurrent ependymoma with cartilaginous metaplasia in an adult: report of a rare case and review of literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cartilaginous metaplasia in ependymomas is an uncommon phenomenon and is hypothesized to be due to metaplasia of the mesenchymal supportive elements or arising from the neoplastic glial cells. Most of the previous cases reported have occurred in children less than 10 years of age. The present report discusses an unusual case of ependymoma with cartilaginous metaplasia in a 21-year-old male. A brief review on the histogenesis of cartilaginous metaplasia is also provided. PMID: 19353841 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Jain A, Rishi A, Suri V, Garg A, Sharma MC, Sarkar C, Sharma BS Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Increased expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and neurturin in a case of colon adenocarcinoma associated with diffuse ganglioneuromatosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Intestinal ganglioneuromatosis (GN) is an uncommon disease of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and its pathogenesis remains unclear. Here we describe a unique case of diffuse GN of the intestinal wall associated with colon adenocarcinoma occurring in a 38-year-old female. Because it is well-known that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its receptor components, GDNF family receptor-alpha 1 (GFR-alpha 1) and RET receptor tyrosine kinase, play a crucial role in the development of ENS, their expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, GDNF as well as a related neurotrophic factor, ne...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Qiao S, Iwashita T, Ichihara M, Murakumo Y, Yamaguchi A, Isogai M, Sakata K, Takahashi M Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Neuroanatomical mapping of rabies nucleocapsid viral antigen distribution and apoptosis in pathogenesis in street dog rabies--an immunohistochemical study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
AIM: To date, there is no study from Asian countries describing the pathology and topographic distribution of virulent, "street" rabies viral infection in the canine brain. In the present study, neuroanatomical distribution of rabies viral antigen in the brains of rabid street dogs, by immunohistochemical techniques is documented and the role of apoptosis in pathogenesis of rabies in natural hosts especially canines infected with street virus is studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 brains of adult street dogs from urban areas of Bangalore, South Central India, infected with rabies were collected. The diagnosis was confir...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Suja MS, Mahadevan A, Madhusudhana SN, Vijayasarathi SK, Shankar SK Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Severe acute multineuropathy in Churg-Strauss syndrome in a patient with a history of melanoma.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe the clinicopathologic features of a 69-year-old man affected with acute onset Churg-Strauss syndrome with major peripheral nerve involvement. At admission the patient presented a one-week history of distal upper-limb asymmetrical paresthesias. Asthma had been present since the age of 55 and treated with leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTAs, Montelukast) for a few years. Multiple pulmonary infiltrates had been diagnosed during follow-up for melanoma. During hospitalization he showed rapidly progressive weakness worsening within a few hours; cerebrospinal fluid analysis, cervical MRI, head CT scan, nerve conduc...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Fruguglietti ME, Napoli L, Sciacco M, Ripolone M, Serafini M, Grimoldi N, Bresolin N, Moggio M, Prelle A Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Pathological findings in subsynovial connective tissue in idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined synovial specimens from 26 patients operated on for idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. Analysis included histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examination in order to establish a pathological underlying pattern. An explanation for the pathogenesis of the found changes suggested. Our data confirm the presence of a non-inflammatory fibrosis with irregular bundles of collagen. De novo blood vessel formation was also noted. Interestingly the neo-angiogenesis consists of anomalous vessels and may be triggered from various cell types secreting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), including macro...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Donato G, Galasso O, Valentino P, Conforti F, Zuccalà V, Russo E, Maltese L, Perrotta I, Tripepi S, Amorosi A Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency: clinico-pathological and molecular study of a series of 27 Spanish cases.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency (MADD) is the most common metabolic muscle disorder. Here we report the largest study to date of MADD in Spanish patients, including clinical, histological, and molecular data. Most of the patients presented with moderate clinical symptoms of exercise intolerance, including myalgia, fatigability and cramps. In 70% of the patients, serum creatine kinase (CK) was elevated. Muscle biopsy showed mild, nonspecific alterations with absent histochemical reaction for MAD. Eight cases ofMADD were coincidental with other associated diseases, and had more severe tissue alterations upon muscle bio...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Teijeira S, San Millán B, Fernández JM, Rivas E, Viéitez I, Miranda S, González F, Navarro C Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

A novel homozygous SCO2 mutation, p.G193S, causing fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is a frequent cause of mitochondrial disease in infants. Mutations in the COX assembly gene SCO2 cause fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy. All patients reported to date with SCO2 deficiency share a common p.E140K mutation in at least 1 allele. In order to further the understanding of the genotype-phenotype spectrum associated with fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy, we describe a novel homozygous SCO2 mutation p.G193S in a patient with fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy born to consanguineous parents of Indian ancestry. PMID: 19353847 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLIN...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - March 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Mobley BC, Enns GM, Wong LJ, Vogel H Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Hippocampal pathology in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP): a quantitative study of 8 cases.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The pathology most significantly affected the output pathways of the hippocampus, lesions were topographically distributed, and hippocampal pathology may be one factor contributing to cognitive decline in PSP. PMID: 19216220 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Armstrong RA, Lantos PL, Cairns NJ Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system in an 18-year-old patient.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: 26 previous cases of ATRT have been reported in adults, thus far. To our knowledge, this is the eighth case of an ATRT reported in an adult patient having genetic confirmation and the first one in which the tumor is, partly, localized in the right temporal area of the brain. This unusual presentation underlines the necessity of considering this devastating neoplasm in the differential diagnosis of malignant brain tumors of young adults. PMID: 19216214 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Samaras V, Stamatelli A, Samaras E, Stergiou I, Konstantopoulou P, Varsos V, Judkins AR, Biegel JA, Barbatis C Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Classification of oligodendroglial tumors based on histopathology criteria is a significant predictor of survival--clinical, radiological and pathologic long-term follow-up analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Clear cut histopathological criteria (endothelial proliferation, high cellularity, mitotic activity and necrosis) allow to establish different oligodendroglial tumor entities with distinct survival outcome. PMID: 19216215 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Sepulveda Sanchez JM, Martinez Montero JC, Diez-Lobato R, Hernandez-Lain A, Cabello A, Ramos A, Gonzalez Leon P, Ricoy Campo JR Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Expression of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIG) proteins in human ependymoma relates to tumor location, WHO grade, and patient age.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the expression of LRIG1-3 was evaluated in 51 human ependymomas by immunohistochemistry. LRIG proteins were detected in all ependymomas analyzed, however, with a pronounced heterogeneity in expression and subcellular localization. Higher cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of LRIG1 correlated with older patient age and higher LRIG1 nuclear immunoreactivity with lower WHO Grade. LRIG1 displayed a stronger immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm and nuclei in spinal ependymomas than in the posterior fossa or supratentorial ependymomas, while perinuclear LRIG3 was more highly expressed in supratentorial than in infratentori...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Yi W, Haapasalo H, Holmlund C, Järvelä S, Raheem O, Bergenheim AT, Hedman H, Henriksson R Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy--incidental finding in the forensic neuropathological examination.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the case of an elderly immunocompetent man, with no pathological antecedents, who died of sepsis 50 days after suffering extensive and severe flame burns. In the forensic autopsy, a PML was discovered as an incidental finding in the neuropathological examination that was not detected during his time in hospital. Diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of JCV in the brain by in situ hybridization. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms for the reactivation of the JCV and the rapid evolution to the fatal brain demyelinating lesions are discussed. One of the main clinical implications of this case is that immunocom...
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Lucena J, Gironés X, Rico A, Santos M, Blanco M, Marin R, Barrero E, Cruz-Sánchez FF Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Evidence for frequent focal and diffuse acute axonal injury in human bacterial meningitis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Axonal injury is a frequent complication of bacterial meningitis probably contributing to long-term sequelae in survivors. PMID: 19216218 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Gerber J, Seitz RC, Bunkowski S, Brück W, Nau R Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Alzheimer-type neuropathological changes in morbidly obese elderly individuals.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Alzheimer-type neuropathological changes were frequent in our small sample of morbidly obese elderly individuals without clinical history of cognitive impairment, approaching those seen in Alzheimer disease for some patients. Such changes were not seen in younger obese patients. These changes may be attributable to comorbid conditions such as congestive heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea, or metabolic lipid abnormalities. PMID: 19216219 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Mrak RE Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals

Ocampal pathology in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP): a quantitative study of 8 cases.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The pathology most significantly affected the output pathways of the hippocampus, lesions were topographically distributed, and hippocampal pathology may be one factor contributing to cognitive decline in PSP. PMID: 19216220 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Neuropathology)
Source: Clinical Neuropathology - January 1, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Armstrong RA, Lantos PL, Cairns NJ Tags: Clin Neuropathol Source Type: journals