Clinical Physiology and Functional ImagingThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the latest items in this publication.

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6

251 records returned

Diagnostic performance and partition values of exercise electrocardiographic variables in the detection of coronary artery disease – improved accuracy by using ST/HR hysteresisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study compares the measurements of ST-segment changes during exercise and during early postexercise recovery in terms of diagnostic discrimination capacity and optimal partition values. Data from 1876 patients undergoing a routine bicycle exercise test were analysed. CAD was angiographically verified in 668 patients, and excluded by angiography (n = 119), myocardial scintigraphy (n = 250), and on clinical grounds (n = 839) in 1208 patients. Postexercise ST/HR hysteresis was calculated as normalized for heart rate (HR) ST/HR loop area during the first 3 min of recovery. ST/HR index was obtained by dividing the overall ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - November 17, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Håkan Kronander, Werner Fischer-Colbrie, Jacek Nowak, Lars-Åke Brodin, Håkan Elmqvist Source Type: journals

Diagnostic performance of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in coronary artery diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: We conclude that evaluation of CAD is feasible in patients with different severity of CAD using visually analysed CMR, especially when available CMR methodologies are combined together. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - November 10, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Jussi P. Pärkkä, Juha W. Koskenvuo, Helena Kervinen, Veli-Pekka Poutanen, Pentti Lohela, Vesa Järvinen Source Type: journals

Assessment of left ventricular systolic function using tissue Doppler imaging in children after successful repair of aortic coarctationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Left ventricular systolic performance in children after the surgical repair of aortic coarctation reveals tendency to rise in late follow-up despite a satisfactory result after surgery. Higher systolic strain and SR in children treated due to coarctation of the aorta may suggest the increased preserved left ventricular performance despite normalization of afterload. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - November 3, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Tomasz Florianczyk, Bozena Werner Source Type: journals

Relationship between arterial baroreflex sensitivity and exercise capacity in patients with acute myocardial infarctionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To investigate the relationship between arterial baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and exercise capacity, we examined arterial BRS and its relation to exercise capacity during upright bicycle exercise in 40 uncomplicated patients with acute myocardial infarction. Arterial BRS was measured 3 weeks (20 ± 5 days) after acute myocardial infarction and assessed by calculating the regression line relating phenylephrine-induced increases in systolic blood pressure to the attendant changes in the R[ndash]R interval. All patients underwent graded symptom-limited bicycle exercise with direct measurements of hemodynamic and metabolic mea...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - October 27, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Fumio Yuasa, Tsutomu Sumimoto, Hiroshi Yokoe, Susumu Yoshida, Kousuke Murakawa, Tetsuro Sugiura, Toshiji Iwasaka Source Type: journals

Preliminary evaluation of novel 68Ga-DOTAVAP-PEG-P2 peptide targeting vascular adhesion protein-1Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: These basic and essential in vitro and in vivo studies of the new VAP-1 targeting peptide revealed promising properties for an imaging agent. Further investigations to clarify in vivo VAP-1 targeting are warranted. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - October 13, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Johanna Silvola, Anu Autio, Pauliina Luoto, Sirpa Jalkanen, Anne Roivainen Source Type: journals

Urea clearance: a new method to register local changes in blood flow in rat skeletal muscle based on microdialysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Increasing evidence suggests that local blood flow should be monitored during microdialysis (MD) as the recovery of analytes is affected by local blood flow. At present ethanol clearance is the standard technique for this purpose, but it is not functional at very low perfusion velocities. Here, we introduce a technique for MD whereby local tissue blood flow is recorded by the use of urea clearance (changes inflow/outflow concentration), in conjunction with measurements of tissue metabolism (glucose, lactate and puruvate). MD probes were inserted into the gracilis muscle of 15 rats and perfused with a medium containing urea...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - October 8, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: S. Farnebo, A. Samuelsson, J. Henriksson, L.-E. Karlander, F. Sjöberg Source Type: journals

Haemodynamic effects of patent foramen ovale and atrial septal defect closure: a comparison during percutaneous shunt closureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Using non-invasive finger pressure measurements, we found that SV, mean and systolic blood pressure increased immediately after percutaneous closure of an ASD in adults, whereas the percutaneous PFO closure had no effect on haemodynamic characteristics. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - October 4, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Justin G.L.M. Luermans, Willem J.W. Bos, Martijn C. Post, Jurriën M. ten Berg, H.W. Thijs Plokker, Maarten J. Suttorp Source Type: journals

Influence of smoking abstinence and nicotine replacement therapy on heart rate and QT time-seriesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the influence of smoking cessation, during cold-turkey and subsequent NRT, on HR and QT time-series during 30 days of smoking abstinence. Seven smokers and sixteen healthy non-smokers received ECG monitoring at baseline (Day 0). Smokers subsequently refrained from smoking without using NRT for 24 h, and then received NRT for 29 days. ECG monitoring was repeated at Days 1, 7, 30. Following smoking cessation we observed that: HR and rate-corrected QT were both reduced, heart rate variability (HRV) increased (improved), and QT variability index (QTVI) showed signs of improvement (trend only). Improvements in HR an...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - October 1, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: M. J. Lewis, G. Balaji, H. Dixon, Y. Syed, K. E. Lewis Source Type: journals

Gait analysis in elderly adult patients with mild cognitive impairment and patients with mild Alzheimer's disease: simple versus dual task: a preliminary reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: At the end of this preliminary study, we defined a specific gait pattern for each cognitive profile. Further researches appear necessary to enlarge the study cohort. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - October 1, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: D. Maquet, F. Lekeu, E. Warzee, S. Gillain, V. Wojtasik, E. Salmon, J. Petermans, J. L. Croisier Source Type: journals

Parametric quantification of myocardial ischaemia using real-time perfusion adenosine stress echocardiography images, with SPECT as reference methodEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Real-time perfusion (RTP) adenosine stress echocardiography (ASE) can be used to visually evaluate myocardial ischaemia. The RTP power modulation technique, provides images for off-line parametric perfusion quantification using Qontrast® software. From replenishment curves, this generates parametric images of peak signal intensity (A), myocardial blood flow velocity ([beta]) and myocardial blood flow (Ax[beta]) at rest and stress. This may be a tool for objective myocardial ischaemia evaluation. We assessed myocardial ischaemia by RTP-ASE Qontrast®-generated images, using 99mTc-tetrofosmin single-photon emiss...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - September 27, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: P. Gudmundsson, K. Shahgaldi, R. Winter, M. Dencker, M. Kitlinski, O. Thorsson, L. Ljunggren, R. Willenheimer Source Type: journals

Analysis of human myocardial dynamics using virtual markers based on magnetic resonance imagingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Myocardial dynamics are three-dimensional (3D) and time-varying. Cineradiography of surgically implanted makers in animals or patients is accurate for assessing these events, but this invasive method potentially alters myocardial motion. The aim of the study was to quantify myocardial motion using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hence to provide a non-invasive approach to characterize 3D myocardial dynamics.Methods: Myocardial motion was quantified in ten normal volunteers by tracking the Lagrangian motion of individual points (i.e. virtual markers), based on time-resolved 3D phase-contrast MRI data and Fo...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - September 22, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: John-Peder Escobar Kvitting, Andreas Sigfridsson, Lars Wigström, Ann F. Bolger, Matts Karlsson Source Type: journals

Ultrasound measures of muscle thickness: intra-examiner reliability and influence of body positionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ultrasound is an inexpensive and practical alternative to gold standard measures of muscle mass. Changes in body position may lead to intra-muscular fluid shifts that may affect the reliability of ultrasound measures. We assessed test[ndash]retest reliability of ultrasound measures of muscle thickness and the effect of position on these measures. Measures of muscle thickness were made from B-mode ultrasound images in 18 healthy participants. Repeated measurements were made by one examiner from two participant positions; standing and recumbent, from 18 anatomical sites. Results demonstrated high test[ndash]retest reliabilit...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - September 11, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Kerry Thoirs, Coralie English Source Type: journals

Cardiac vagal activity following three intensities of exercise in humansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the recovery of the ANS, in particular indices of vagal activity were measured postexercise, at three intensities similar to current international recommendations for health. Thirteen individuals (six females, 22·2 ± 3·1 years) performed three 20-min constant load tests lying supine on a modified bicycle ergometer at the following intensities: moderate (2 mmol l[minus]1 blood lactate concentration, BLC); hard (3 mmol l[minus]1BLC); and vigorous (4 mmol l[minus]1BLC) as derived from a maximal test. ECG data were collected during 5-min epochs at baseline then at: 5, 15, 30, 45 and 65-min postexercise. Heart...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - September 10, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: V. F. Gladwell, G. R. H. Sandercock, S. L. Birch Source Type: journals

Adaptative or maladaptative hypertrophy, different spatial distribution of myocardial contractionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: In patients with pathological LVH, LV longitudinal strain was reduced, while circumferential deformation and torsion were increased. No differences were observed in LV contractile function between subjects with adaptative LVH and controls. In pathological LVH, increasing torsion could be considered a compensatory mechanism to counterbalance contraction and relaxation abnormalities to maintain a normal LV output. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - September 9, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Francesco Cappelli, Loira Toncelli, Brunello Cappelli, Alessio De Luca, Laura Stefani, Nicola Maffulli, Giorgio Galanti Source Type: journals

Measurement of physical work capacity in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation: a potential improvement in patient managementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: LVEF, diameters and volumes at rest did not fulfil the criteria for surgery in most of our AR patients, of whom 46% were asymptomatic. However, many had a remarkably low work capacity, which was neither improved 6 months postoperatively nor correlated to echocardiographic LV dimensions. CPET predicted the postoperative work capacity and may, therefore, be a useful complement for timing of surgery in patients with chronic AR. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - September 9, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Éva Tamás, Niels Erik Nielsen, Ingemar Vanhanen, Eva Nylander Source Type: journals

The effect of spironolactone on sweat and urinary sodium excretion during exercise in humansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the effect of spironolactone on urinary ([Na+]urine) and sweat sodium concentration ([Na+]sweat) when controlling for sweat rate. Fifteen healthy subjects were required to complete two 90-min exercise bouts (three 30-min ordered exercise bouts at 60%, 70%, and 80% of the subjects' age-predicted maximum heart rate) in a 35°C and 40% relative humidity environmental chamber, once after administration of 300 mg spironolactone, and once after administration of 300 mg placebo. Both the drug and placebo were taken over an 18 h period, with the second 100 mg dose taken 6 h prior to exercise, and the first 200 ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Nanette V. L. Lee, Paul W. Miller, Michael J. Buono Source Type: journals

Influence of long-term oxygen therapy on heart rate and QT time-series in hypoxic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: An increase in HRV following LTOT (but notably in the absence of altered activity levels) provides tentative evidence that LTOT has a direct effect on heart rate control in COPD. This beneficial influence was expressed mainly during the morning, and the relevance of this diurnal variation in response requires further investigation. It was also confirmed that both RR and (to a lesser degree) QT time-series in COPD have a multifractal structure, and this is not affected appreciably by LTOT. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - August 30, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Michael J. Lewis, Joe Annandale, Keir E. Lewis Source Type: journals

Long-term prognostic role of coronary flow velocity reserve in patients with aortic valve stenosis – insights from the SZEGED StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Introduction: Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFR) is markedly reduced in severe aortic valve stenosis (AS). Independent prognostic value of pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography-derived CFR was seen in a variety of diseases. However, the prognostic significance of CFR by pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography has never been evaluated in patients with AS.Methods: A total of 49 AS patients (mean age: 63 ± 9 years, 26 men) were enrolled in this prospective follow-up study; they all had undergone standard transthoracic Doppler-echo study, coronary angiography and dipyridamole stress transoesophageal echocardiography as CFR meas...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - August 27, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Attila Nemes, Erika Balázs, Miklós Csanády, Tamás Forster Source Type: journals

Asystole and increased serum myoglobin levels associated with 'packing blackout' in a competitive breath-hold diverEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a case with a breath-hold diver who inadvertently experienced a packing blackout. During the incident, an electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure were recorded, and blood samples for determinations of biomarkers of cardiac muscle perturbation (creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin-T (TnT), and myoglobin) were collected. The ECG revealed short periods of asystole during the period of 'packing blackout', simultaneous with pronounced reductions in systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressures. Serum myoglobin concentration was elevated 40 and 150 min after the incident, whereas there were no changes i...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - August 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Johan P. A. Andersson, Mats H. Linér, Henrik Jönsson Source Type: journals

Adaptation of the Threshold IMT® with double spring load allows higher inspiratory pressure for muscle trainingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The Threshold IMT® adaptation proposed here is simple, affordable, precise, safe and allows for a high degree of reproducibility. It also achieves pressures higher than 41 cmH2O that can be used when training inspiratory muscles. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - August 4, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Guilherme A. F. Fregonezi, Ingrid G. Azevedo, Thaise L. Araujo, Fernando A. L. Dias, Vanessa R. Resqueti Source Type: journals

Maintained cerebral metabolic ratio during exercise in patients with β-adrenergic blockadeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Decreased cerebral metabolic ratio (CMR) [molar uptake of O2 versus molar uptake of (glucose + ½ lactate)] during exercise is attenuated by intravenous administration of the non-selective [beta]-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol. We evaluated to what extent cirrhotic patients in oral treatment with propranolol are able to mobilize brain non-oxidative carbohydrate metabolism.Methods: Incremental cycle ergometry to exhaustion (86 ± 4·2 W; mean ± SD) was performed in eight cirrhotic patients instrumented with a catheter in the brachial artery and one retrograde in the right internal jugular vein. Heal...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - July 29, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Christiane M. B. Gam, Peter Rasmussen, Niels H. Secher, Thomas Seifert, Fin S. Larsen, Henning B. Nielsen Source Type: journals

Early activation of the coagulation system during lower body negative pressureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, thrombin generation was activated by a modest decrease in CBV by LBNP in healthy humans independent of the vagal activity. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - July 27, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: M. Zaar, P. I. Johansson, L. B. Nielsen, C. G. Crandall, M. Shibasaki, L. Hilsted, N. H. Secher Source Type: journals

Semi-quantitative tracking of intra-airway fluids by computed tomographyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Airway secretions are a source of complications for patients with acute and chronic lung diseases, yet lack of techniques to quantitatively track secretions hampers research into clinical measures to reduce their pathologic consequences.Methods: In a preserved swine lung model, we tracked a contrasted mucus simulant (CMS) using sequential computed tomography (CT). Known drivers of secretion movement [ndash] gravity and ventilation [ndash] were tested. Ten millilitres of CMS were unilaterally introduced (1 ml min[minus]1) into the airways of 12 lung sets. After instillation, six lung sets were maintained prone a...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - July 19, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Jerónimo Graf, Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Alexander B. Adams, Jie Zhang, Joseph H. Tashjian, John J. Marini Source Type: journals

Blood flow rate measurements with indicator techniques revisitedEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In view of the emerging role, disturbances in regional blood flow rate seem to play in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome; we review the concepts of the classical indicator dilution and washout techniques used for determinations of regional blood flow rate. Prerequisites, assumptions, necessary precautions for the application of these experimental techniques are emphasized. Special attention has been carried out to elucidate the consequence of a choice of indicators having a large distribution volume in the tissues. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - July 19, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Per Sejrsen, Jens Bülow Source Type: journals

Cardiac sympathetic activity is associated with inflammation and neurohumoral activation in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) is characterized by sympathetic nervous overactivity, inflammation and neurohumoral activation; however, their interrelationships are poorly understood.Methods and results: We studied 99 patients with IDC (age 54 ± 1 years, left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) 40 ± 1%, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) 20 ± 1 ml kg[minus]1 min[minus]2, mean ± SEM) by using 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging. MIBG washout and MIBG heart/mediastinum (H/M)-ratio at 4 h postinjection were calculated. In addition, the plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and N-terminal B-type natri...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - July 18, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Anu K. Turpeinen, Esko Vanninen, Jarkko Magga, Petri Tuomainen, Johanna Kuusisto, Petri Sipola, Kari Punnonen, Olli Vuolteenaho, Keijo Peuhkurinen Source Type: journals

Respiratory muscle strength and muscle endurance are not affected by acute metabolic acidemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effect of metabolic acidosis was studied on peripheral muscle strength, peripheral muscle endurance, airway resistance, and on arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2). Acute metabolic acidosis was induced by administration of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The effect of metabolic acidosis was studied on inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength and on respiratory muscle endurance. Effects were studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over design in 15 healthy subjects (4 male; age 33·2 ± 11·5 years; FEV1 108·3 ± 16·2% predicted), 14 asthma patients (5 male; age 48·1 ± 16·1 years; FEV1 101�...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - July 15, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Tessa A. C. Nizet, Yvonne F. Heijdra, Frank J. J. van den Elshout, Marjo J. T. van de Ven, Frank H. Bosch, Paul H. Mulder, Hans Th. M. Folgering Source Type: journals

Gender differences in circulating bubble production after SCUBA divingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Objective: Differences in circulating bubble production have been described after exposures in altitude chambers between men and women. The present study was designed to examine gender differences in circulating bubble production after a dive.Methods: Fifty-two men and 52 women performed the same dive profile (25 min to 35 m). Circulating bubbles were detected by continuous wave Doppler. Tests were conducted at sea in a boat, at 10-min intervals for 1 h after surfacing. Signals were graded according to the Spencer scale. The categorical data were then converted to a single number reflecting total bubble activity using the ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - July 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Alain Boussuges, Gerald Retali, Mathilde Bodéré-Melin, Bernard Gardette, Daniel Carturan Source Type: journals

Evaluation of endothelial function using finger plethysmographyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Maximum response was reached after 5 min of blood flow occlusion and therefore this occlusion time is recommended. The response after forearm and upper-arm occlusion did not differ significantly. Forearm occlusion might be preferred as this caused less discomfort. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - June 24, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: A. K. Faizi, D. W. Kornmo, S. Agewall Source Type: journals

Long-term changes in dynamic cerebral autoregulation: a 10 years follow up studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study takes a novel approach to describing time-related changes in dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA). It is well-recognized that dCA exhibits both intra- and inter- subject variability, and this study seeks to characterize the extent to which intra-subject variability occurs after a significant period of time by studying the same subjects 10 years apart, thus eliminating inter-subject variability as a source of error. Ten healthy subjects were identified in 1998 and followed up in 2008. On each visit they underwent simultaneous recordings of right middle cerebral artery cerebral blood flow velocity (RMCA CBFV), bl...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - June 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Fiona G. Brodie, Ronney B. Panerai, Stephanie Foster, David H. Evans, Thompson G. Robinson Source Type: journals

Alterations in forearm position and environmental temperature influences the segmental volume expansion during venous occlusion plethysmography – special attention on hand circulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aim: To find evidence that small changes in the positioning of the strain gauge, the environmental temperature (sympathetic activation) and position of the arm (venous pressure) alters the outcome of the venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP) measurement of forearm blood flow and to investigate if the hand circulation influences the results.Methods: Forearm blood flow was measured with VOP (n = 6) on three occasions with air temperatures of 13, 20 and 38°C, respectively. At each occasion the arm position was varied; raised by 10°, horizontal or lowered by 15°. Strain gauges were placed on the forearm at the maximal circ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - June 17, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Torbjörn Vedung, Lennart Jorfeldt, Jan Henriksson Source Type: journals

Giant cell arteritis on 18F-FDG PET/CTEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Increased 18F-FDG uptake by the aorta on PET/CT imaging is an abnormal finding that prompts a more thorough assessment for malignancy, and also can indentify important co-morbidities in cancer patients. Evaluation of aortic uptake should be a routine practice in the interpretation of 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - June 12, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Thomas F. Heston, Zsolt Szabo Source Type: journals

Brachial artery hyperemic blood flow velocities are related to carotid atherosclerosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that the hyperemic systolic to diastolic blood flow velocity ratio in the brachial artery is related to atherosclerosis in the carotid artery. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - June 9, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Susann J. Järhult, Johan Sundström, Lars Lind Source Type: journals

Flow mediated vasodilation and circulating concentrations of high sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in normal pregnancy – The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Traditional risk factors such as hyperlipidemia induce a state of inflammation that impairs vascular function. Despite marked maternal hyperlipidemia, endothelial function improves during pregnancy. In non-pregnant state increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) lead to attenuated flow mediated vasodilation. Relation between endothelial function and pro-inflammatory cytokines has not been studied thoroughly in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pregnancy on hsCRP and pro-inflammatory cytokines and their associations with ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - June 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Heli Saarelainen, Pirjo Valtonen, Kari Punnonen, Tomi Laitinen, Olli T. Raitakari, Markus Juonala, Nonna Heiskanen, Tiina Lyyra-Laitinen, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Seppo Heinonen Source Type: journals

Atherosclerosis measured by whole body magnetic resonance angiography and carotid artery ultrasound is related to arterial compliance, but not to endothelium-dependent vasodilation – the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Arterial compliance and endothelium-dependent vasodilation are two characteristics of the vessel wall. In the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study, we studied the relationships between arterial compliance and endothelium-dependent vasodilation versus atherosclerosis as measured with two imaging modalities.Methods: In the population-based PIVUS study (1016 subjects aged 70), arterial compliance was determined by ultrasound in the carotid artery and the stroke volume to pulse pressure ratio by echocardiography, while endothelium-dependent vasodilation was assessed by the i...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - May 24, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Lars Lind, Jessika Andersson, Tomas Hansen, Lars Johansson, Håkan Ahlström Source Type: journals

Tracer kinetics analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced CT and MR data in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract: comparison of the resultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The estimation of functional parameters in SCCA is feasible using DCE-CT and -MR with a DP model. The parameters are mostly significantly different and the interchangeability of them is limited. (Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging)
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - May 15, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Sotirios Bisdas, Mehran Baghi, Jens Wagenblast, Theodosios Bisdas, Choon Hua Thng, Martin G. Mack, Tong San Koh, Ulrike Ernemann Source Type: journals

Intensity of Nordic Walking in young females with different peak O2 consumptionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the physiological reaction to the different intensity Nordic Walking exercise in young females with different aerobic capacity values. Twenty-eight 19[ndash]24-year-old female university students participated in the study. Their peak O2 consumption (VO2 peak kg[minus]1) and individual ventilatory threshold (IVT) were measured using a continuous incremental protocol until volitional exhaustion on treadmill. The subjects were analysed as a whole group (n = 28) and were also divided into three groups based on the measured VO2 peak kg[minus]1 (Difference between groups...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - May 14, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Toivo Jürimäe, Krislin Meema, Kalle Karelson, Priit Purge, Jaak Jürimäe Source Type: journals

Effects of adrenaline on longitudinal arterial wall movements and resulting intramural shear strain: a first reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Using ultrasound we recently demonstrated that in central elastic arteries as well as in large muscular arteries in humans there is a distinct longitudinal displacement of the arterial wall during the cardiac cycle. Further, for the first time, we also demonstrated that the inner parts of the vessel wall, the intima-media complex, in these vessels exhibit a larger longitudinal displacement than the outer part of the vessel wall, the adventitial region, introducing the presence of substantial shear strain, and thus shear stress within the vessel wall. The role of these unexplored phenomena is unknown. Here, in a first study...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - May 7, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Åsa Rydén Ahlgren, Magnus Cinthio, Stig Steen, Hans W. Persson, Trygve Sjöberg, Kjell Lindström Source Type: journals

Heart rate variability during sleep and sleep apnoea in a population based study of 387 womenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Increased sympathetic activity during sleep has been suggested as a link between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of autonomic effect on the heart. Different parameters have been associated with sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. We have studied HRV in different sleep stages and related the HRV-pattern to sleep apnoea in a population-based sample of 387 women. We investigated the HRV-parameters standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN), root of the averaged square of successive differences (RMSSD), low frequency component (LF), high frequenc...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - April 30, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Milos Kesek, Karl A. Franklin, Carin Sahlin, Eva Lindberg Source Type: journals

Breathing patterns during progressive incremental cycle and treadmill exercise are differentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Perceived breathlessness at comparable minute ventilation (VE) is higher with cycling than with running. Different use of the upper extremities and chest wall may influence the breathing pattern. It was hypothetized that the relationship between tidal volume (VT) and VE throughout progressive incremental exercise is different with the two modes of exercise. Twelve well trained subjects (seven men) 20[ndash]25 years had incremental maximal exercise tests on a treadmill and a cycle ergometer on different days in random order. Heart rate, respiratory gases, VE and VT were measured on a computerized exercise testing system, an...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - April 24, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Knud Kalsås, Einar Thorsen Source Type: journals

Acute effects of sustained isometric knee extension on cerebral and muscle oxygenation responsesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cerebral contra-lateral frontal lobe and the dominant vastus lateralis muscle oxygenation (Cox, Mox) and blood volume (Cbv, Mbv) were recorded simultaneously using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in 12 healthy volunteers (37·4 ± 9·9 years; 72·3 ± 16·1 kg; 171·0 ± 9·6 cm) during 2 min resting baseline, an isometric knee extension with the 1 RM load sustained to the point of fatigue, and 3 min recovery. The mean exercise duration was 19·1 ± 2·6 s. During the contraction, Cox and Cbv increased systematically with no sign of levelling off until the point of fatigue. In contrast, Mox and Mbv declined continuously ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - April 9, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Marta Inez R. Pereira, Paulo Sergio C. Gomes, Yagesh N. Bhambhani Source Type: journals

A preliminary investigation into the effect of coffee on hypolagesia associated with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive, inexpensive analgesic technique used to relieve pain. It has been suggested that caffeine, an adenosine antagonist, may interfere with TENS action. This double-blind controlled pilot study investigated the effect of coffee on response to TENS in healthy human participants experiencing experimentally induced pain. Twelve participants (7 female, age range = 20[ndash]41 years) took part in two experiments separated by 24 h. Each experiment lasted 80 min and consisted of 3 × 15 min cycles: pre-TENS, during TENS predrink and during TENS postdrink [coffee (10...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - April 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Allen Dickie, Ghazala Tabasam, Osama Tashani, Paul Marchant, Mark I. Johnson Source Type: journals

Rowing, the ultimate challenge to the human body – implications for physiological variablesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clinical diagnoses depend on a variety of physiological variables but the full range of these variables is seldom known. With the load placed on the human body during competitive rowing, the physiological range for several variables is illustrated. The extreme work produced during rowing is explained by the seated position and the associated ability to increase venous return and, thus, cardiac output. This review highlights experimental work on Olympic rowing that presents a unique challenge to the human capacities, including cerebral metabolism, to unprecedented limits, and provides a unique opportunity to reveal the extr...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - April 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Stefanos Volianitis, Niels H. Secher Source Type: journals

Femoral artery blood flow and its relationship to spontaneous fluctuations in rhythmic thigh muscle workloadEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background and aim: Limb femoral arterial blood flow (LBF) is known to increase linearly with increasing workload under steady-state conditions, suggesting a close link between LBF and metabolic activity. We, however, hypothesized that sudden physiological and spontaneous changes in exercise rhythm, and consequently workload temporarily alter blood flow to the working muscle. LBF and its relation to fluctuations in the contraction rhythm and workload were therefore investigated.Methods: LBF, measured by Doppler ultrasound, and the achieved workload, were continuously measured in nine subjects, aiming to perform steady-stat...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 30, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Takuya Osada, Göran Rådegran Source Type: journals

Inert gas rebreathing: the effect of haemoglobin based pulmonary shunt flow correction on the accuracy of cardiac output measurements in clinical practiceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: Cardiac output (CO) is an important cardiac parameter, however its determination is difficult in clinical routine. Non-invasive inert gas rebreathing (IGR) measurements yielded promising results in recent studies. It directly measures pulmonary blood flow (PBF) which equals CO in absence of significant pulmonary shunt flow (QS). A reliable shunt correction requiring the haemoglobin concentration (cHb) as only value to be entered manually has been implemented. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various approaches to QS correction on the accuracy of IGR.Methods: Cardiac output determine...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 17, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: F. Trinkmann, T. Papavassiliu, F. Kraus, H. Leweling, Stefan O. Schoenberg, M. Borggrefe, J. J. Kaden, J. Saur Source Type: journals

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in valvular heart diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has rapidly gained acceptance as an accurate, reproducible and non-invasive imaging method for assessment of a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. However, CMR has not been used widely for diagnostic purposes in valvular heart disease (VHD). Unlike echocardiography it has no body habitus-related limitations and can thus be used to complement echocardiography. It is an especially good alternative for clinical follow-up in patients with VHD, as it allows accurate measurement of valvular dysfunction and related ventricular burden. Additionally, CMR is an ideal method for evaluating ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 11, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Juha W. Koskenvuo, Vesa Järvinen, Jussi P. Pärkkä, Tuomas O. Kiviniemi, Jaakko J. Hartiala Source Type: journals

Effects of detraining on muscle strength and mass after high or moderate intensity of resistance training in older adultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the effects of a 12 weeks detraining period on muscle strength and mass in older adults who had previously participated in a 12 weeks resistance training programme of high [80% of one repetition maximum (1-RM)] or moderate (60% of 1-RM) intensity. Twenty older adults (60[ndash]74 years), separated into a high (HI; n = 10; age: 65 ± 5 years) and a moderate (MI; n = 10; age: 66 ± 4 years) intensity resistance training group, were measured in the 1-RM knee extension and flexion strength, and the midthigh cross sectional areas (CSAs) of quadriceps, hamstrings and total thigh before and after a 12 weeks tr...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 10, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Savvas P. Tokmakidis, Vasilios I. Kalapotharakos, Ilias Smilios, Andreas Parlavantzas Source Type: journals

The role of nitric oxide- and prostacyclin-independent vasodilatation in the human cutaneous microcirculation: effect of cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The component of the flow- or agonist-dependent vasodilatation, insensitive to inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthases (NOS) or cyclooxygenases (COX), is suggested to reflect the production of an endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). The identity of EDHF in humans remains controversial; in coronary arterioles, it appears to be a cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9-derived metabolite, whereas there are no data for human skin microcirculation. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the role of the NO- and prostacyclin (PGI2)-independent mechanism, particularly the potential involvement of CYP 2C9, in skin ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 8, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Helena Lenasi Source Type: journals

Differences between smooth pursuit and optokinetic eye movements using limited lifetime dot stimulation: a functional magnetic resonance imaging studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined possible differences in brain activation between smooth pursuit and optokinetic reflexive (OKR) eye movements using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Eighteen healthy subjects performed two different eye movement paradigms. In the first paradigm, smooth pursuit eye movements were evoked by a single moving dot. In the second paradigm, optokinetic eye movements without a foveal smooth pursuit component were evoked by a moving pattern of multiple dots with a limited lifetime. As expected, the two eye movement systems show overlapping pathways, but the direct comparison of the activation ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 6, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Caroline K. L. Schraa-Tam, Aad van der Lugt, Marion Smits, Maarten A. Frens, P. C. A. van Broekhoven, Josef N. van der Geest Source Type: journals

Maximal explosive muscle power in obese and non-obese prepubertal childrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objectives of the present study was to compare the maximal explosive muscle power developed by the lower limbs in obese and non-obese prepubertal children.Design: Twenty-five obese [mean body mass index (BMI) z-score: 2·4] and 30 non-obese (mean BMI z-score: 0) children aged 8[ndash]12 years, participated in this study. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and the maximal explosive power of the lower limbs was assessed by the Exercise-Ergometer (a sledge dynamometer).Results: Absolute peak force (Fpeak) was higher in obese than in non-obese children by 18·2% (P (Source: Clinical Physiolog...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 4, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Stefano Lazzer, Renzo Pozzo, Enrico Rejc, Guglielmo Antonutto, Maria Pia Francescato Source Type: journals

Test–retest reliability of the IDEEA system in the quantification of step parameters during walking and stair climbingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the inter- and intra-session reliability of spatio-temporal gait variables collected during walking and stair climbing with the Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and physical Activity (IDEEA) accelerometer-based system. Eighteen healthy subjects (10 men, 8 women) completed a standardized indoor circuit comprised of walking and stair climbing. Intra-and inter-session reliability was investigated for several pertinent spatio-temporal gait variables using intraclass correlations [ICC (3,1)]. Intra-session reliability during walking showed a high reliability of the IDEEA wi...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - March 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Mark L. Gorelick, Mario Bizzini, Nicola A. Maffiuletti, Jeannette Petrich Munzinger, Urs Munzinger Source Type: journals