Circulating Bone morphogenetic protein 9  (BMP9) as a new biomarker for noninvasive stratification of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome
This study aims to investigate whether BMP9 can serve as a serological marker for the severity of NAFLD or MetS. Blood samples, clinical data and FibroTouch test were collected from consecutively recruited 263 individuals in Shanghai East hospital. All the participants were divided into three groups: the healthy controls, nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) group and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) at-risk group according to the results of FibroTouch test and liver function. Serum BMP9 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum BMP9 levels were positively correlated with transaminase, triglyceride, fa...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 16, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Advances in epigenetic alterations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: from pathogenesis to treatment
AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease with alterations in genetic expression and epigenetic modifications. In recent years, the new insight into epigenetics in the pathogenesis of CLL has been developed considerably, including DNA methylation, histone modification, RNA methylation, non-coding RNAs as well as chromatin remodeling. Epigenetic modification regulates various processes such as stem cell biology, cell growth, and tumorigenesis without altering gene sequence. Growing evidence indicates that the disturbance of gene expression profiles which were regulated by epigenetic modifications...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 16, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Use of tryptic peptide MALDI mass spectrometry imaging to identify the spatial proteomic landscape of colorectal cancer liver metastases.
This study utilised matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) in combination with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to spatially map the CRLM tumour proteome. CRLM tissue microarrays (TMAs) of 84 patients were analysed using tryptic peptide MALDI-MSI to spatially monitor peptide abundances across CRLM tissues. Abundance of peptides was compared between tumour vs stroma, male vs female and across three groups of patients based on overall survival (0-3 years, 4-6 years, and 7+ years). Peptides were then characterised and matched using LC-MS/MS. A total of 471 po...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 16, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Non-tumor-related prognostic factors for immunotherapy –chemotherapy or immunotherapy alone as first-line in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
AbstractBesides programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, rapid, cost-effective and validated scores or models are critical for the prognosis and prediction of patients received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In this retrospective study, 182 patients with NSCLC receiving ICIs from 2015 to 2022 were divided 1:1 into a training cohort and a validation cohort. We identified a score established by three factors and analyzed the prognostic implications by Kaplan –Meier approach (Log rank test) and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. A non-tumor-related score (NTRS) was established that c...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 15, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Whole-exome sequencing is feasible on a fresh-frozen skin sample of intravascular large B cell lymphoma
AbstractIntravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare aggressive extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The predominant, if not exclusive, growth of neoplastic cells within the lumina of small-sized vessels represents the hallmark of the disease. Diagnosis is challenging due to the absence of marked lymphadenopathy, the highly heterogeneous clinical presentation, and the rarity of the condition. Clinical presentation is characterized by variable combinations of nonspecific signs and symptoms (such as fever and weight loss), organ-specific focal manifestations due to altered perfusion, and hemophagocytic syndrome. The ra...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 5, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

RUNX transcription factors: biological functions and implications in cancer
AbstractRunt-related transcription factors (RUNX) are a family of transcription factors that are essential for normal and malignant hematopoietic processes. Their most widely recognized role in malignancy is to promote the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia. However, it is worth noting that during the last decade, studies of RUNX proteins in solid tumors have made considerable progress, suggesting that these proteins are directly involved in different stages of tumor development, including tumor initiation, progression, and invasion. RUNX proteins also play a role in tumor angiogenesis, the maintenance of...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 2, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for regenerative medicine applications
AbstractMesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have emerged as a promising cell-free therapy for tissue engineering. Compared to intact stem cells, exosomes have advantages like low immunogenicity and ability to carry regenerative cargo. This review examined the potential of exosomes to treat defects in skin, bone and cartilage. In preclinical models, exosomes improved wound healing, stimulated bone regeneration, and enabled cartilage repair by transferring proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs. Their effects were elicited by modulating inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and matrix synthesis. Exosomes represent a promi...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Lymphoma relapse 1  year or later after immunochemotherapy in DLBCL patients: clinical features and outcome
AbstractDespite great advances in treatment, 30 –40% of patients with DLBCL undergo relapses. Patients with a relapse within 1 year or beyond have a distinct outcome. Few clinical characteristics and survival data in the Chinese population have been published. We aimed to define the incidence and clinical features of DLBCL patients with very e arly relapse after front-line immunochemotherapy who may benefit greatly from the emerging chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Data of 564 DLBCL patients were analyzed. Among the 413 patients achieving a first complete remission, 59 underwent relapses: 32 patients (54.2%) re...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Sex-specific differences in ICOS+ T helper cell differentiation in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with low disease activity
AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a sex biased chronic autoimmune disease affecting predominantly females during reproductive ages. Changes in the ratio of inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)+ regulatory (Treg) and non-regulatory responder (Tresp) CD4+ T cells proved to be crucial for the occurrence of high disease activity. Here, we investigated how the differentiation of ICOS+CD45RA+CD31+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE) Tresps into CD45RA−CD31− memory Tresps affects the percentages of ICOS+ Tresps within total CD4+ T cells. Three different pathways (pathway 1 via CD45RA−CD31+ memory Tresps, pathway 2 v...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Research progress on the multi-omics and survival status of circulating tumor cells
AbstractIn the dynamic process of metastasis, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) emanate from the primary solid tumor and subsequently acquire the capacity to disengage from the basement membrane, facilitating their infiltration into the vascular system via the interstitial tissue. Given the pivotal role of CTCs in the intricate hematogenous metastasis, they have emerged as an essential resource for a deeper comprehension of cancer metastasis while also serving as a cornerstone for the development of new indicators for early cancer screening and new therapeutic targets. In the epoch of precision medicine, as CTC enrichment and...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for regenerative medicine applications
AbstractMesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have emerged as a promising cell-free therapy for tissue engineering. Compared to intact stem cells, exosomes have advantages like low immunogenicity and ability to carry regenerative cargo. This review examined the potential of exosomes to treat defects in skin, bone and cartilage. In preclinical models, exosomes improved wound healing, stimulated bone regeneration, and enabled cartilage repair by transferring proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs. Their effects were elicited by modulating inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and matrix synthesis. Exosomes represent a promi...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Lymphoma relapse 1  year or later after immunochemotherapy in DLBCL patients: clinical features and outcome
AbstractDespite great advances in treatment, 30 –40% of patients with DLBCL undergo relapses. Patients with a relapse within 1 year or beyond have a distinct outcome. Few clinical characteristics and survival data in the Chinese population have been published. We aimed to define the incidence and clinical features of DLBCL patients with very e arly relapse after front-line immunochemotherapy who may benefit greatly from the emerging chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Data of 564 DLBCL patients were analyzed. Among the 413 patients achieving a first complete remission, 59 underwent relapses: 32 patients (54.2%) re...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research

Sex-specific differences in ICOS+ T helper cell differentiation in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with low disease activity
AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a sex biased chronic autoimmune disease affecting predominantly females during reproductive ages. Changes in the ratio of inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)+ regulatory (Treg) and non-regulatory responder (Tresp) CD4+ T cells proved to be crucial for the occurrence of high disease activity. Here, we investigated how the differentiation of ICOS+CD45RA+CD31+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE) Tresps into CD45RA−CD31− memory Tresps affects the percentages of ICOS+ Tresps within total CD4+ T cells. Three different pathways (pathway 1 via CD45RA−CD31+ memory Tresps, pathway 2 v...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research