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Immobilization of Nanoparticles on Fibrous Clay Surfaces: Towards Promising Nanoplatforms for Advanced Functional Applications
Abstract This account discusses on diverse general approaches employed for the preparation of heterostructured materials based on the immobilization of metal oxides and other nanoparticles on sepiolite and palygorskite fibrous clay minerals, showing the many opportunities of application offered by the resulting materials. Various examples from our own experience have been selected to show how sepiolite acts as a convenient nanoplatform for immobilization of diverse type of nanoparticles, such as TiO2, Fe3O4, Prussian blue, zeolites, layered double hydroxides, carbon nanotubes and graphenes, etc., to produce functional mate...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Pilar Aranda, Eduardo Ruiz ‐Hitzky Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Designing Nanoparticles and Nanoalloys with Controlled Surface and Reactivity
Abstract Designing well‐defined nanoparticles and nanoalloys is a tremendous way to achieve in‐depth understanding of their intrinsic properties. In particular, structure and composition of the core and the surface of nanoalloys can be investigated by a combination of state‐of‐the‐art in situ microscopy and spectroscopy. These nanoalloys represent a playground to establish structure‐properties relationships within the nano‐matter. They provide a much needed understanding of the distribution of each element within the nanoparticles, depending on the environment (gaseous atmosphere, temperature, etc.). This d...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - March 1, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Sophie Carenco Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Modified Synthesis Strategies for the Stabilization of low n TinO2n –1 Magnéli Phases
Abstract Titanium reduced oxides TiO2–x occupy, since long time, a prominent place on the landscape of binary metal oxides because of their intriguing ability to form extended defects that affect both the formation of new superlattices and different electronic behaviours. Related to these features, a wide range of practical applications has been achieved. Moved by the conviction of the great potential of understanding the influence of the reactivity, compositional variations and size effects on their functional properties, the aim of this personal account is the optimization of a recently developed strategy for the stabi...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 28, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: A. Azor ‐Lafarga, L. Ruiz‐González, M. Parras, D. Portehault, C. Sanchez, J. M. González‐Calbet Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Synthesis, Characterization, Uses and Applications of Porous Clays Heterostructures: A Review
Abstract Porous clay heterostructures (PCH) are obtained by the insertion of an organic bulky cation in the interlayer spacing of a smectite, causing a swelling of the clay mineral. Right after, oxides species, mainly silicon oxide, are incorporated as pillars galleries between adjacent layers to form a porous structure after the removal of the template. The ordering of the clay mineral as well the organic cation incorporated in the synthetic step favors the modulation of the textural properties of the PCH. In addition, the incorporation of heteroatoms in the pillars galleries can also modulate the acidity of the PCH. The ...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 27, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: J. A. Cecilia, C. Garc ía‐Sancho, E. Vilarrasa‐García, J. Jiménez‐Jiménez, E. Rodriguez‐Castellón Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Magneto ‐Mechanical Surfaces Design
Abstract Magneto‐mechanically active surfaces (MMAS) represent a new family of nano/micro‐structured surfaces in which motion is induced by an external magnetic field. Under the name of “artificial cilia”, “biomimetic cilia”, “magnetic actuated patterns”, “nanopillars”, etc., published works in this area continue their quick growth in number. Notwithstanding their potential application in microfluidic, chemical sensors, catalytic processes and microelectronics to increase device perfomances, there is still a lot to do in the development of these materials. Improvement and optimization of the performance...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 23, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Andr és C. Galera, Verónica San Miguel, Juan Baselga Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Synthesis of Supported Bimetal Catalysts using Galvanic Deposition Method
Abstract Supported bimetallic catalysts have been studied because of their enhanced catalytic properties due to metal‐metal interactions compared with monometallic catalysts. We focused on galvanic deposition (GD) as a bimetallization method, which achieves well‐defined metal‐metal interfaces by exchanging heterogeneous metals with different ionisation tendencies. We have developed Ni@Ag/SiO2 catalysts for CO oxidation, Co@Ru/Al2O3 catalysts for automotive three‐way reactions and Pd−Co/Al2O3 catalysts for methane combustion by using the GD method. In all cases, the catalysts prepared by the GD method showed highe...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 22, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Yuji Mahara, Junya Ohyama, Kyoichi Sawabe, Atsushi Satsuma Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Hybrid Graphene ‐Polyoxometalates Nanofluids as Liquid Electrodes for Dual Energy Storage in Novel Flow Cells
We present here the first example of a hybrid electroactive nanofluid (HENFs) combining capacitive and faradaic energy storage mechanisms in a single fluid material. This liquid electrode is composed of reduced graphene oxide and polyoxometalates (rGO‐POMs) forming a stable nanocomposite for electrochemical energy storage in novel Nanofluid Flow Cells. Two graphene based hybrid materials (rGO‐phosphomolybdate, rGO‐PMo12 and rGO‐phosphotungstate, rGO‐PW12) were synthesized and dispersed with the aid of a surfactant in 1 M H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte to yield highly stable hybrid electroactive nanofluids (HENFs) of...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 22, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Deepak P. Dubal, Daniel Rueda ‐Garcia, Carlos Marchante, Raul Benages, Pedro Gomez‐Romero Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Investigating the Potential Barrier Function of Nanostructured Materials Formed in Engineered Barrier Systems (EBS) Designed for Nuclear Waste Isolation
Abstract Clay and cement are known nano‐colloids originating from natural processes or traditional materials technology. Currently, they are used together as part of the engineered barrier system (EBS) to isolate high‐level nuclear waste (HLW) metallic containers in deep geological repositories (DGR). The EBS should prevent radionuclide (RN) migration into the biosphere until the canisters fail, which is not expected for approximately 103 years. The interactions of cementitious materials with bentonite swelling clay have been the scope of our research team at the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM) with participati...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 21, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Jaime Cuevas, Ana Isabel Ruiz, Ra úl Fernández Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Revisiting Polyarenes and Related Molecules: An Update of Synthetic Approaches and Structure ‐activity‐mechanistic Correlation for Carcinogenesis
Abstract A major proportion of basic cause for human cancer has been linked to widespread environmental pollutants including analogs of polyarenes. Search of an effective therapy can be started with the understanding of the generation of such “carcinogens” and their biological interactions. This review is to discuss the syntheses, structural activities, mechanistic and biological studies of polyarenes such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polycyclic azaarenes (PAAs) and their thia‐analogs (PASH). It also summarizes the mechanism of mutagenicity and tumorigenicity via metabolic interventions producing diol ...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 21, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Dinabandhu Sar, Benjamin Kim, Fatemeh Ostadhossein, Santosh K. Misra, Dipanjan Pan Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Recent Progress in the Development of Conducting Polymer ‐Based Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Biosensors Applications: A Mini‐Review
Abstract Among various immobilizing materials, conductive polymer‐based nanocomposites have been widely applied to fabricate the biosensors, because of their outstanding properties such as excellent electrocatalytic activity, high conductivity, and strong adsorptive ability compared to conventional conductive polymers. Electrochemical biosensors have played a significant role in delivering the diagnostic information and therapy monitoring in a rapid, simple, and low cost portable device. This paper reviews the recent developments in conductive polymer‐based nanocomposites and their applications in electrochemical biose...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 20, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Maryam Naseri, Lida Fotouhi, Ali Ehsani Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

From Aqueous Dispersions to Functional Materials: Capillarity and Electrostatic Adhesion
Abstract The author was first acquainted with polymer lattices as model particles for studying sedimentation phenomena, evolving towards the elucidation of synthetic and natural latex heterogeneity and microchemistry. This brought new elements to understand the remarkable mechanical properties of natural rubber, leading to the latex route for making nanocomposites. These materials show exceptional properties that are largely due to electrostatic adhesion, a concept that had been previously presented by Deryagin but was later abandoned. Electrostatic adhesion is the outcome of ion partition and self‐assembly within drying...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 15, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Fernando Galembeck Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Front Cover: Removal of Organic Pollutants from Water Using Superwetting Materials (Chem. Rec. 2/2018)
The cover picture shows removal of insoluble (floating, underwater and emulsified) and soluble organic pollutants from water using bioinspired superwetting materials. The superwetting materials are in the forms of 2D porous materials, 3D porous materials and particles, etc. See the Personal Account by J. Zhang et al. (DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700029). (Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging)
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 14, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Lingxiao Li, Junping Zhang, Aiqin Wang Tags: Cover Picture Source Type: research

Towards K ‐Ion and Na‐Ion Batteries as “Beyond Li‐Ion”
Abstract Li‐ion battery commercialized by Sony in 1991 has the highest energy‐density among practical rechargeable batteries and is widely used in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage system in the world. Moreover, the battery market is rapidly growing in the world and further fast‐growing is expected. With expansion of the demand and applications, price of lithium and cobalt resources is increasing. We are, therefore, motivated to study Na‐ and K‐ion batteries for stationary energy storage system because of much abundant Na and K resources and the wide distribution in the world. I...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 14, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Kei Kubota, Mouad Dahbi, Tomooki Hosaka, Shinichi Kumakura, Shinichi Komaba Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

2D Nanostructured Metal Hydroxides with Gene Delivery and Theranostic Functions; A Comprehensive Review
Abstract Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with two dimensional structure have been attracted considerable interest in exploring new intercalative nanohybrids, such as inorganic‐LDHs, organic‐LDHs and bio‐LDHs ones, which often exhibit extraordinarily synergetic effects and complementary performances. More recently, bio‐related nanotechnology becomes one of the most essential research field in the viewpoint of the health and safety of human being. In this regard, LDHs have been focused as an important inorganic material for gene and drug delivery carriers with imaging and targeting functions. In the present review, ...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 8, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Goeun Choi, Sairan Eom, Ajayan Vinu, Jin ‐Ho Choy Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research

Structuring of Amide Cross ‐Linked Non‐Bridged and Bridged Alkyl‐Based Silsesquioxanes
Abstract The development of sophisticated organized materials exhibiting enhanced properties is a challenging topic of the domain of organic/inorganic hybrid materials. This review, composed of four sections, reports the work we have carried out over the last 10 years on the synthesis of amide cross‐linked alkyl/siloxane hybrids by means of sol‐gel chemistry and self‐directed assembly/self‐organization routes relying on weak interactions (hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding). The various as‐produced lamellar structures displaying a myriad of morphologies, often closely resembling those found in natura...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - February 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: S. C. Nunes, V. de  Zea Bermudez Tags: Personal Account Source Type: research