Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The potential therapeutic effects of creatine supplementation on body composition and muscle function in cancer
Individuals with cancer are at a high risk of skeletal muscle wasting that may be exacerbated by tumour-related factors and cancer therapies (certain hormone and chemotherapies in particular) (Barreto et al., 2016; Vaughan et al., 2013; Aversa et al., 2017; Christensen et al., 2014; Shachar et al., 2016). An emerging body of literature supports the role of exercise as a means to ameliorate these treatment-related declines and improve clinically relevant outcomes in individuals with cancer (Schmitz et al., 2009; Galvao et al., 2010; Focht et al., 2018; Fairman et al., 2017a). (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: C.M. Fairman, K.L. Kendall, N.H. Hart, D.R. Taaffe, D.A. Galv ão, R.U. Newton Source Type: research

Targeting homologous repair deficiency in breast and ovarian cancers: biological pathways, preclinical and clinical data
DNA is constantly suffering damage from environmental assaults and endogenous metabolic activities. The DNA damage response (DDR) consists of five main overlapping pathways that reinforce genomic integrity throughout the cell cycle and DNA replication. Homologous recombination (HR) repair is the main rescue pathway, in which double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired. BRCA1 and 2 are essential proteins involved in this pathway, and their deficiencies lead to genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Elodie Chartron, Charles Theillet, S éverine Guiu, William Jacot Source Type: research

Metabolic syndrome as cardiovascular risk factor in childhood cancer survivors
Over the past decades, survival rates of childhood cancer have increased considerably from 5-30% in the early seventies to current rates exceeding 80% (SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2014 and National Cancer Institutie [Internet], 2016). This is due to the development of effective chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and stem cell transplantation (SCT), combined with an optimized stratification of therapy and better supportive care regimens. These improved survival rates currently result in an ongoing increasing number of survivors (Meadows, 2003), which in turn resulted in increased awareness of late side effects of t...
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: V.G. Pluimakers, M. van Waas, S.J.C.M.M. Neggers, van den Heuvel-Eibrink Source Type: research

Corrigendum to “Precision medicine in ALK rearranged NSCLC: A rapidly evolving scenario” [Crit. Rev. Oncol./Hematol. 122 (February) (2018) 150–156]
The authors regret that there was a typographical error in text when the paper was published. The article mentions a 1603 EORTC trial but this should have read as 1613 EORTC trial. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alfredo Addeo, Fabrizio Tabb ò, Tim Robinson, Lucio Buffoni, Silvia Novello Source Type: research

RANK/RANKL signaling inhibition may improve the effectiveness of checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment
Binding between the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL) triggers recruitment of TNF receptor associated (TRAF) adaptor proteins and activation of downstream pathways. RANK/RANKL signaling is controlled by a decoy receptor called osteoprotegerin (OPG) which interacts with RANKL. Additional networks regulating RANK/RANKL signaling are active in a context specific manner. RANK/RANKL signaling is essential for the differentiation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts, and is deregulated in pathological processes such as postmenopausal osteoporosis or cancer induced bone destruction. (Source: Critical ...
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Peter A van Dam, Yannick Verhoeven, Xuan B Trinh, An Wauters, Filip Lardon, Hans Prenen, Evelien Smits, Marcella Baldewijns, Martin Lammens Source Type: research

“Shades of Gray” in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: reappraisals on resectability criteria
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths and, currently, surgery is the only curative treatment. Patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) can benefit from a multidisciplinary approach and R0 resection, and can achieve the same outcome as resectable patients treated with upfront surgery. However, the definition of BRPC changes according to different classifications with a heterogeneous distribution of patients, and it is thus difficult to compare clinical evidence. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: P. Lombardi, S. Silvestri, D. Marino, M. Santarelli, D. Campra, P. De Paolis, M. Aglietta, F. Leone, On behalf of Rete Oncologica Piemonte e Valle d ’Aosta Source Type: research

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary: a challenging question for gynecologic oncologists
Mature cystic teratoma [MCT] of the ovary arises from germ cells by failure of meiosis II or from a premeiotic cell in which meiosis I has failed, and it might consist of multiple cell types derived from one or more of the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) ( Surti et al., 1990; Hackethal et al., 2008). It may occur at any age, with highest peak between 30 and 40 years (Nogales et al., 2003; Comerci et al., 1994; Morgante et al., 1998; Rim et al., 2006; Goudeli et al., 2016). The incidence of ovarian MCTs is approximately 1.2 –14.2 cases per 100.000 people per year (Hackethal et al., 2008). (Source: Crit...
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Angiolo Gadducci, Maria Elena Guerrieri, Stefania Cosio Source Type: research

Immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer, is it the future?
The prognosis of advanced gastric cancer remains extremely poor despite the use of standard therapies such as chemotherapy and biological agents. Blocking immune checkpoint especially programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1 or B7-H1), has proven efficacy in several solid cancers, and seems to become a potential option in gastric cancer treatment. This review will focus on data describing the immune microenvironment of gastric tumors on which blocking PD-1/PD-L1 axis may have an anti-tumor efficacy. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: C Coutzac, S Pernot, N Chaput, A Zaanan Source Type: research

A systematic review examining clinical markers and biomarkers of analgesic response to radiotherapy for cancer-induced bone pain
A consequence of the increasing number of patients being diagnosed and living with cancer is that more patients also live with disseminated disease. These patients will often need palliative care input at some point in their disease trajectory, resulting in an increased burden on palliative care services. Of all organs primary cancers spread to, bone is one of the most common. Bone metastases are associated with pain in up to 50% of patients, termed cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). (Coleman, 1997; Coleman, 2006; Mercadante, 1997) CIBP adversely affects quality of life, therefore treatment of CIBP is of great importance.( C...
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - November 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kirstyn Gardner, Barry JA Laird, Marie T Fallon, Tonje A Sande Source Type: research

Available prognostic models for risk stratification of diffuse large b cell lymphoma patients: systemic review
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). It is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease with a variable course. (Saygin et al., 2017). The most common used tool for prognostication in DLBCL patients still remains the International Prognostic Index (IPI), despite being created in the pre-rituximab era – (about 25 years ago) (Shipp et al., 1993). The prognostic significance of the IPI has been validated in several studies, including those which analysed rituximab-treated patients (Ziepert et al., 2010; Hosoda et al., 2018). (Source: Critical Reviews...
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - October 31, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jelena Jelicic, Thomas Stauffer Larsen, Milos Maksimovic, Goran Trajkovic Source Type: research

Second-line cabozantinib versus nivolumab in advanced renal cell carcinoma: Systematic review and indirect treatment comparison
Nivolumab and cabozantinib, two new treatment options for previously-treated advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma (aRCC), have recently been approved. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - October 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Camillo Porta, Cezary Szczylik, Roman Casciano, Shuai Fu, Billy Amzal, Johanna Lister, Helene Karcher, Jie Meng, Monika Neumann, Jerome Dinet Source Type: research

Congenital neutropenia and primary immunodeficiency diseases
Neutropenia is a condition that is not seldom encountered by paediatricians but can sometimes still face them with a conundrum. In neutropenia, the absolute count of Polymorphonuclear cells (PNC) is diminished making the body more susceptible to certain pathogens. An unusual severe course- or unusual frequency of infection is often the consequence (Segel and Halterman, 2008; van den Berg and Kuijpers, 2011). Neutrophil granulocytes are a major component of innate immunity and quantitatively the most significant product of haematopoiesis. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - October 13, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jonathan Spoor, Hamid Faraji Fard, Nima Rezaei Source Type: research

A rationale multidisciplinary approach for treatment of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer: accurate review of management and perspectives
The Globocan 2012 asserted that cancer of the esophagus is the eighth most common cancer worldwide, sixth for mortality, with approximately 496,000 cases in 2015. Less developed countries are most likely to develop this disease (80%), although incidence is truly variable worldwide [1]. Despite the fact that the survival rate has been slowly increasing in the U.S.A. by around 0.7% per year (2002-2012), perhaps after the adhesion to multimodality techniques for treatment and improved supportive care, the worldwide survival rate has not been superior to 18.8% at 5 years yet [2]. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - October 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Antonio Chiappa, Bruno Andreoni, Renzo Dionigi, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Diego Foschi, Gianluca Polvani, Roberto Orecchia, Nicola Fazio, Gabriella Pravettoni, Maria Laura Cossu, Domenico Galetta, Marco Venturino, Carlo Ferrari, Lorenzo Macone, Cristiano Crosta, Source Type: research

To resect or not to resect: the hamletic dilemma of primary tumor resection in patients with asymptomatic stage IV colorectal cancer
CRC represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide (Siegel et al., 2018). Despite widespread of screening procedures, even today approximately 20% of patients with CRC are found to have distant metastases at the time of diagnosis (Nitzkorski et al., 2012). (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - October 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: F Gelsomino, A. Spallanzani, G. Orsi, F. Caputo, C. Santini, S. Cascinu Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology)
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - October 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research