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306 records returned

Vitrification of in vitro produced ovine embryos at various developmental stages using two methods.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, both the developmental stage of IVP ovine embryos and the method of vitrification have a significant effect on the viability and developmental competence of sheep embryos. PMID: 19919830 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - November 14, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Shirazi A, Soleimani M, Karimi M, Nazari H, Ahmadi E, Heidari B Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Torpor and ultradian rhythms require an intact signalling of the sympathetic nervous system.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
During entrance into torpor heart and respiration rates are greatly reduced in parallel with the reduction of metabolic rate, suggesting an involvement of parasympathetic control. We compared the effect of parasympathetic inhibition with the effect of sympathetic inhibition on spontaneous torpor behavior in the Djungarian hamster. Hamsters were acclimated to short photoperiod and displayed their standard torpor pattern as observed from T(b) records. Parasympathetic inhibition was achieved by a subcutaneous implant of 21-day release pellets with Atropine and the sympathetic noradrenergic pathway was inhibited with a sin...
Source: Cryobiology - November 11, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Braulke LJ, Heldmaier G Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Resveratrol and ascorbic acid prevent DNA damage induced by cryopreservation in human semen.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cryopreservation of human semen can cause DNA damages, which compromise the fertilization and normal embryo development. The present study showed that the antioxidant resveratrol prevents these damages both in fertile and infertile men. The addition of ascorbic acid before cryopreservation can reduce DNA damages only in infertile men. Although further studies are needed, the present work showed that resveratrol could be considered in human cryopreservation procedures to avoid/minimize DNA damages and preserve sperm integrity. PMID: 19895799 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - November 3, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Branco CS, Garcez ME, Pasqualotto FF, Erdtman B, Salvador M Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Thermal stability properties of an antifreeze protein from the desert beetle Microdera punctipennis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study suggests that MpAFP698 has a high thermal stability and could be used to improve the thermal stability of the less stable proteins by producing fusion proteins, which could be used for biotechnological purposes. PMID: 19895800 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - November 3, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Qiu LM, Ma J, Wang J, Zhang FC, Wang Y Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Slow freezing cryopreservation of neural stem cell spheres with different diameters.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the present study is to improve the survival rate and viability of NSCs. Neural stem cells with three states of single cell suspension, NSC spheres with diameters of 30 approximately 50mum and 80 approximately 100mum, were cryopreserved by slow freezing method with the cryo-pretective agent (CPA) of dimethyl sulfoxide (Me(2)SO), respectively. Then the post-thawing NSCs were tested for the survival rate and the differentiation ability. As a result, NSC spheres with diameter of 80 approximately 100mum and Me(2)SO concentration of 8% achieve the survival rate of 82.9%, and the NSCs still sustain the multi-dif...
Source: Cryobiology - November 3, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Ma XH, Shi Y, Hou Y, Liu Y, Zhang L, Fan WX, Ge D, Liu TQ, Cui ZF Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Harvesting and cryopreservation of lymphatic endothelial cells for lymphatic tissue engineering.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In order to provide a suitable source of cells for lymphatic tissue engineering, the present study was designed to investigate techniques for harvesting and cryopreservation of human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in vitro. The LECs were isolated from children's foreskins and then cultured in endothelial growth medium-2 MV (EGM-2-MV) with 5% FBS. The second passage LECs were suspended in cryopreservation solution containing 40% FBS and 10% Me2SO in EGM-2-MV, cooled to -80 degrees C at about 1 degrees C /min and stored in liquid nitrogen. Samples were thawed quickly in a 37 degrees C water bath, and the cryop...
Source: Cryobiology - October 29, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Jiang Z, Hu X, Kretlow JD, Liu N Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Current State of Hypothermic Machine Perfusion Preservation of Organs: The Clinical Perspective.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This review focuses on the application of hypothermic perfusion technology as a topic of current interest with the potential to have a salutary impact on the mounting clinical challenges to improve the quantity and quality of donor organs and the outcome of transplantation. The ex vivo perfusion of donor organs on a machine prior to transplant, as opposed to static cold storage on ice, is not a new idea but is being re-visited because of the prospects of making available more and better organs for transplantation. The rationale for pursuing perfusion technology will be discussed in relation to emerging data on clinical...
Source: Cryobiology - October 23, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Taylor MJ, Baicu SC Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Study of Cryopreservation of Articular Chondrocytes Using the Taguchi Method.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluates the effect of control factors on cryopreservation of articular cartilage chondrocytes using the Taguchi method. Freeze/thaw experiments based on the L(8)(2(7)) two-level orthogonal array of the Taguchi method are conducted, and ANOVA (analysis of variables) is adopted to determine the statistically significant control factors that affect the viability of the cell. Results show that the type of cryoprotectant, freezing rate, thawing rate, and concentration of cryoprotectant (listed in the order of influence) are the statistically significant control factors that affect the post-thaw viability. The end t...
Source: Cryobiology - October 23, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Lyu SR, Wu WT, Hou CC, Hsieh WH Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Cryopreservation of primate embryonic stem cells with chemically-defined solution without Me(2)SO.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Human embryonic stem (hES) cells are expected to be useful in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to their pluripotency. Therefore, it is necessary to establish highly efficient and reliable methods for the cryopreservation of hES cells. We have cryopreserved cynomolgus and human ES cells by the vitrification method, using a chemically-defined dimethyl sulfoxide (Me(2)SO)-free and serum-free medium composed of Euro-Collins solution as a base medium and 40% (v/v) ethylene glycol (EG) and 10% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) as cryoprotectants. When the vitrification and the cryoprotectants were...
Source: Cryobiology - October 23, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Nishigaki T, Teramura Y, Suemori H, Iwata H Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Physiology and Cryosensitivity of Coral Endosymbiotic Algae (Symbiodinium).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Coral throughout the world are under threat. To save coral via cryopreservation methods, the Symbiodium algae that live within many coral cells must also be considered. Coral juvenile must often take up these important cells from their surrounding water and when adult coral bleach, they lose their endosymbiotic algae and will die if they are not regained.The focus of this paper was to understand some of the cryo-physiology of the endosymbiotic algae, Symbiodinium, living within three species of Hawaiian coral, Fungia scutaria, Porites compressa and Pocillopora damicornis in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii.Although cryopreservation...
Source: Cryobiology - October 23, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Hagedorn M, Carter VL, Leong JC, Kleinhans FW Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Curve fitting approach for measurement of cellular osmotic properties by the electrical sensing zone method. II. Membrane water permeability.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In a companion paper, we demonstrated that dynamic range limitations can confound measurement of the osmotically inactive volume using electrical sensing zone instruments (e.g., Coulter counters), and presented an improved parameter estimation method in which a lognormal function was fit to the cell volume distribution to allow extrapolation beyond the bounds of the data. Presently, we have investigated the effect of dynamic range limitations on measurement of the cell membrane water permeability (L(p)), and adapted the lognormal extrapolation method for estimation of L(p) from transient volume data. An alternative str...
Source: Cryobiology - October 20, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Higgins AZ, Karlsson JO Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Cells from an anhydrobiotic chironomid survive almost complete desiccation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dry-preservation of nucleated cells from multicellular animals represents a significant challenge in life science. As anhydrobionts can tolerate a desiccated state, their cells and organs are expected to show high desiccation tolerance in vitro. In the present study, we established cell lines derived from embryonic tissues of an anhydrobiotic chironomid, Polypedilum vanderplanki, designated as Pv11 and Pv210. Salinity stress induced the expression of a set of anhydrobiosis-related genes in both Pv11 and Pv210 cells, suggesting that at least a part of cells can autonomously control the physiological changes for the entr...
Source: Cryobiology - October 19, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Nakahara Y, Imanishi S, Mitsumasu K, Kanamori Y, Iwata KI, Watanabe M, Kikawada T, Okuda T Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Experimental Cryosurgery Investigations In Vivo.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cryosurgery is the use of freezing temperatures to elicit an ablative response in a targeted tissue. This review provides a global overview of experimentation in vivo which has been the basis of advancement of this widely applied therapeutic option. The cellular and tissue-related events that underlie the mechanisms of destruction, including direct cell injury (cryolysis), vascular stasis, apoptosis and necrosis, are described and are related to the optimal methods of technique of freezing to achieve efficacious therapy. In vivo experiments with major organs, including wound healing, the putative immunological response...
Source: Cryobiology - October 11, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Gage AA, Baust JM, Baust JG Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Functionality of cryopreserved juvenile ovaries from mutant mice in different genetic background strains after allotransplantation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, juvenile ovaries (10-day-old) collected from genetically modified mouse lines were cryopreserved using high concentrations of cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide (Me(2)SO) and ethylene glycol (EG)) and instrumented ultra-rapid freezing. The validation of the frozen ovary batches was assessed by orthotopically transplanting a thawed ovary into a nearly completely ovariectomized mature female (congenic with the ovary donor). After 2 weeks of recovery, the ovary recipient was continuously paired with a male (congenic with the ovary donor) to evaluate the fertility of the recipient and delivered offspring were g...
Source: Cryobiology - October 11, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Huang KY, Groot SA, Woelders H, Horst GT, Themmen AP, Colenbrander B, Vlissingen JM Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

The Future Potential of Cryopreservation for Assisted Reproduction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cryopreservation of human gonadal tissue and oocytes has brought about new and exciting research in reproductive medicine, as well as new cryopreservation techniques that are dramatically improving post-thaw viability and freezing damage. The work done on gonadal tissues is aimed at improving the quality of life for infertile patients and for prepubertal patients undergoing gonadotoxic chemotherapy, patients for whom hormonal stimulation /IVF is not an option, and women without partners. Cryopreservation of mature oocytes is the best model for timing IVF. Vitrification is likely to benefit the field, and since 2005, im...
Source: Cryobiology - October 6, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Song Y, Sharp R, Lu F, Hassan M Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Influence of recovery method and microbial contamination on the response to freezing-thawing in ibex (Capra pyrenaica) epididymal spermatozoa.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, retrograde flushing is recommended for ibex sperm collection since it would appear that microbial contamination is no more of a problem than that encountered with the cutting method, while a larger number of sperm cells more resistant to freezing-thawing can be obtained. PMID: 19786008 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - September 24, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Santiago-Moreno J, Astorga RJ, Luque I, Coloma MA, Toledano-Díaz A, Pulido-Pastor A, Gómez-Guillamon F, Salas-Vega R, López-Sebastián A Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Cryopreservation of sea urchin embryos (Paracentrotus lividus) applied to marine ecotoxicological studies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Current strategies for marine pollution monitoring are based on the integration of chemical and biological techniques. The sea urchin embryo-larval bioassays are among the biological methods most widely used world-wide. Cryopreservation of early embryos of sea urchins could provide a useful tool to overcome one of the main limitations of such bioassays, the availability of high quality biological material all year round. The present study aimed to determine the suitability of several permeant (dimethyl sulfoxide -Me(2)SO-, propylene glycol -PG- and ethylene glycol -EG-) and non permeant (trehalose -TRE-, polyvinylpirro...
Source: Cryobiology - September 24, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Paredes E, Bellas J Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Sperm cryopreservation in guppies and black mollies-a generalized freezing protocol for livebearers in Poeciliidae.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study, we evaluated various parameters of sperm cryopreservation in two livebearers, guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and black mollies (P. latipinna). Our results suggested a common freezing protocol for the guppies and mollies: suspend sperm in Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS) at 300 mOsm/kg, use 14% glycerol as cryoprotectant, cool at 25 degrees C/min, and thaw at 40 degrees C in a water bath for 7 s. Live young were produced from females inseminated with frozen-thawed sperm in both species. In guppies, percent fertilization (F) and the number of embryos (N) produced with cryopreserved sperm (F = 50%...
Source: Cryobiology - September 24, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Huang C, Sun C, Su X, Zhao X, Miao M, Liu Y, Dong Q Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

The fatty acid profile changes in marine invertebrate larval cells during cryopreservation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The development of cryopreservation methods for embryonic cells and larvae of sea animals offers a great potential for marine biotechnology. Larval cells of bivalves and sea urchins were frozen to -196 degrees C using traditional cryoprotectants (Me(2)SO and trehalose) and the cryoprotective mixture developed by us. In addition to Me(2)SO and trehalose, this mixture contained an exogenous lipid extract from mussel tissues and antioxidants. A positive effect of antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol acetate, ascorbic acid or echinochrome, the quinoid pigment of sea urchins) on cell viability became significant only in the prese...
Source: Cryobiology - September 20, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Odintsova NA, Boroda AV, Velansky PV, Kostetsky EY Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Armand M. Karow, Jr.: Looking Back.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Armand Karow, Jr. was a devoted scholar of cryobiology who was responsible for the creation of landmark books and many unique observations. Driven into cryobiology by a fascination with organ cryopreservation that dated from his high school days, Karow carried out or contributed to research on the cryopreservation of hearts, kidneys, pancreatic islets, and reproductive cells and tissues. His interests included not only conventional issues in cryobiology such as cryoprotectant permeation kinetics, theories of freezing injury in cells and tissues, and electromagnetic warming of large organs, but also more esoteric questi...
Source: Cryobiology - September 16, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Fahy GM Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Effect of cryopreservation on IL-4, IFNgamma and IL-6 production of porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cryopreservation of animal or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is a commonly used technique. Effects of cryopreservation on functional capacity, especially the cytokine production of human PBMCs, have been extensively defined. However, certain animals, such as livestock, are a shortage of these information. Here we investigated the effects of cryopreservation on cytokine (IL-4, IFNgamma and IL-6) production of porcine PBMC. The porcine PBMCs were cryopreserved at -196 degrees C for a variety time periods for 2, 5, 25 and 50 days. Viability and cytokine production of the porcine PBMCs were measured before...
Source: Cryobiology - September 16, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Li X, Zhong Z, Liang S, Wang X, Zhong F Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Immunomagnetic Bead Separation of Mononuclear Cells from Contaminating Granulocytes in Cryopreserved Blood Samples.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Density gradient centrifugation usually allows efficient separation of mononuclear cells from granulocytes using fresh human blood samples. However, we have found that with cryopreserved blood samples, density gradient centrifugation fails to separate granulocytes from mononuclear cells and have explored using immunomagnetic anti-CD15 microbeads as an alternate method to separate these cell populations. Using cryopreserved blood samples from 10 healthy donors we have shown that granulocytes express a significantly higher level of CD15 antigen than monocytes and lymphocytes, which allows for their efficient separation f...
Source: Cryobiology - September 16, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Preobrazhensky SN, Bahler DW Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Characterization of cryobiological responses in TF-1 cells using interrupted freezing procedures.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study characterized the cryobiological responses of the human erythroleukemic stem cell line TF-1, as a model for HSC. We measured the osmotic parameters of TF-1 cells, including the osmotically inactive fraction, temperature-dependent membrane hydraulic conductivity and the membrane permeability to 1M Me2SO. A two-step freezing procedure (interrupted rapid cooling with hold time) and a graded freezing procedure (interrupted slow cooling without hold time) were used to characterize TF-1 cell recovery during various phases of the cooling process. One outcome of these experiments was high recovery of TF-1 cells cryopres...
Source: Cryobiology - September 16, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Ross-Rodriguez LU, Elliott JA, McGann LE Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Different susceptibility of liver grafts from lean and obese zucker rats to preservation injury.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We compared the susceptibility of liver grafts from lean and obese Zucker rats to preservation injury, using two organ-preservation techniques: conventional static preservation (SP) and machine perfusion (MP) preservation. SP: livers preserved by UW solution at 4, 8 or 20 degrees C for 6-hrs. MP: livers perfused for 6-hrs with an improved oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit solution (KH) at 4, 8 or 20 degrees C. Reperfusion with KH (2-hrs) was performed either with the SP or MP preserved livers. Fatty livers tolerate SP poorly at 4 degrees C, 8 degrees C and 20 degrees C as compared with MP at the same temperatures. SP induced ...
Source: Cryobiology - September 15, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Ferrigno A, Carlucci F, Tabucchi A, Tommassini V, Rizzo V, Richelmi P, Gringeri E, Neri D, Boncompagni E, Freitas I, Cillo U, Vairetti M Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Cryopreservation of marine thraustochytrids (Labyrinthulomycetes).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this research, the viability of three marine thraustochytrid isolates (fungoid protists) (WSG05, W15 and WH3) were investigated after freezing in liquid nitrogen. Five cryopreservative combinations containing horse serum, glycerol and dimethylsulfide (Me(2)SO) were used. The thraustochytrids were assessed directly after removal from liquid nitrogen and cell concentration measured for 10 days post-thawing. Results indicated that a combination of horse serum and Me(2)SO were the most effective cryoprotectants for each of the strains tested. Glycerol was only successful in producing growth in one of the strains once th...
Source: Cryobiology - September 7, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Cox SL, Hulston D, Maas EW Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

MicroRNA regulation below zero: Differential expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-16 during freezing in wood frogs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Natural freeze tolerance depends on numerous biochemical adaptations that address the multiple stresses imposed on cells by freezing and preserves viability by suppressing energy-expensive cell functions in the frozen state. We hypothesized that microRNAs, small non-coding RNA transcripts that bind to mRNA, could act to establish rapid biological controls that aid the reorganization of metabolic priorities for freezing survival. Selected microRNA species (miR-16 and miR-21) were evaluated using RT-PCR in liver and skeletal muscle of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) comparing controls (5 degrees C acclimated) with animals fr...
Source: Cryobiology - September 3, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Biggar KK, Dubuc A, Storey K Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Contractile and morphological properties of hamster retractor muscle following 16 hours of cold preservation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The observed effects of cold preservation and of trolox and deferiprone on the RET were comparable to those on CT muscle function, as reported in a previously published study (Van der Heijden et al, Transplantation 69 (2000); 1310-22). Both hamster RET and rat CT muscles show considerable functional damage due to actions of reactive oxygen species. In contrast to the CT, in the RET cold preservation-induced functional injury could not be prevented by BDM and was not accompanied by morphological damage such as necrosis and edema. This suggests that the RET myocytes possess a specific adaptation to withstand the...
Source: Cryobiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: de MC, van der Heijden EP, van Oosterhout M, Kon M, Kroese AB Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Measurement of the size of intracellular ice crystals in mouse oocytes using a melting point depression method and the influence of intracellular solute concentrations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the influence of the concentration of extracellular non-permeable and permeable solutes on the melting points of the intracellular ice in mouse oocytes using cryomicroscopy. The results showed that the melting points of the intracellular ice are always lower than the extracellular ice. Based on this observation and the Gibbs-Thomson relation, we established a physical model to calculate the size of intracellular ice crystals and described its relationship with the concentrations of intracellular permeating solutes and macromolecules. This model predicts that the increased concentration of mac...
Source: Cryobiology - August 30, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Han X, Critser JK Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Development and Estimation of a Novel Cryoprobe Utilizing the Peltier Effect for Precise and Safe Cryosurgery.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have developed a novel cryoprobe for skin cryosurgery utilizing the Peltier effect. The four most important parameters for necrotizing tissue efficiently are the cooling rate, end temperature, hold time and thawing rate. In cryosurgery for small skin diseases such as flecks or early carcinoma, it is also important to control the thickness of the frozen region precisely to prevent necrotizing healthy tissue. To satisfy these exacting conditions, we have developed a novel cryoprobe to which a Peltier module was attached. The cryoprobe makes it possible to control heat transfer to skin surface precisely using a proport...
Source: Cryobiology - August 28, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Takeda H, Maruyama S, Okajima J, Aiba S, Komiya A Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Loss of heart phospholipid arachidonic acid without phospholipid peroxidation in anaesthetized rats rewarmed after prolonged deep hypothermia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, rewarming from deep hypothermia is not associated with increased phospholipid peroxidation. There is, however, a significant remodelling of the phospholipid fraction of myocardial lipids in vivo probably as a result of receptor or calcium stimulated phospholipase activity. Calcium or calcium stimulated phospholipase activity could contribute to posthypothermic contractile dysfunction. PMID: 19723518 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - August 28, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Ytrehus K, Tveita T, Bugge E Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Freeze-thawing as the factor of spontaneous activation of spermatozoa motility in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study we investigated the possibility of spontaneous carp spermatozoa activation by freeze-thawing. To evaluate this, the parameters of spermatozoa motility percentage, velocity, ATP content level and fertility rate of sperm were used. The motility and velocity of spermatozoa activated by freeze-thawing were characterized by motile spermatozoa with a median value of 16% and a velocity of 98 mum/s. In addition, the motility and velocity of sperm from the thawed samples were significantly lower than in the control (median value of 100% for sperm motility and 175 mum/s for sperm velocity). Furthermore, a sp...
Source: Cryobiology - August 28, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Boryshpolets S, Dzyuba B, Rodina M, Li P, Hulak M, Gela D, Linhart O Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Effect of culture system on survival rate of vitrified bovine embryos produced in vitro.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, in our culture conditions, the blastocyst yield is not influenced by culture system, while the cryotolerance of IVP-blastocysts is positively influenced by the presence of somatic cells. Moreover, the expanded blastocysts are more susceptible to cryoinjury than early blastocysts. PMID: 19716813 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - August 26, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Shirazi A, Nazari H, Ahmadi E, Heidari B, Shams-Esfandabadi N Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Ciliogenesis in cryopreserved mammalian tracheal epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To determine air-liquid interface (ALI) culture derived from cryopreserved mammalian tracheal ciliated cells is a viable ciliated cell model for the investigations of regulatory mechanisms of ciliary beat frequency (CBF), two studies were performed using ovine and porcine tracheae obtained from local slaughterhouses. The protease-digested tracheal ciliated cells were harvested and cultured at the ALI using collagen-coated, porous membrane inserts. In study 1, the ALI culturing protocols were established using non-cryopreserved ovine tracheal ciliated cells. Ciliogenesis was documented with immuno-histology and electron...
Source: Cryobiology - August 20, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Mao H, Wang Y, Yuan W, Wong LB Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Interactions among pre-cooling, cryoprotectant, cooling, and thawing for sperm cryopreservation in rhesus monkeys.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study evaluated the interactions among pre-cooling, cryoprotectant, cooling, and thawing for rhesus monkey sperm using a four-way factorial design. Specifically, pre-cooling and thawing were evaluated for two conditions: slow vs. fast. Cooling was evaluated at four rates of 5, 29, 200, and 400 degrees C/min. The types of cryoprotectant involved combinations of egg yolk and glycerol, egg yolk and ethylene glycol, and egg yolk alone without permeable cryoprotectants or buffer alone with glycerol but without egg yolk. Our findings showed strong interactions among cryoprotectants, cooling, and thawing rates, bu...
Source: Cryobiology - August 13, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Dong Q, Hill D, Vandevoort CA Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Application of the Osmotic Virial Equation in Cryobiology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The multisolute osmotic virial equation is the only multisolute thermodynamic solution theory that has been derived from first principles and can make predictions of multisolute solution behaviour in the absence of multisolute solution data. Other solution theories either (i) include simplifying assumptions that do not take into account the interactions between different types of solute molecules or (ii) require fitting to multisolute data to obtain empirical parameters. The osmotic virial coefficients, which are obtained from single-solute data, can be used to make predictions of multisolute solution osmolality. The o...
Source: Cryobiology - August 4, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Prickett RC, Elliott JA, McGann LE Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Effects of pre-freeze incubation of human red blood cells with various sugars on postthaw recovery when using a dextran-rapid cooling protocol.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the injuries caused by trehalose loading may directly lead to postthaw hemolysis and poor quality of RBCs. However, monosaccharide can enhance the recovery of frozen RBCs. The cryoprotective effect of galactose may be better than that of glucose or fructose. In the future, we will continue to look for a safe and efficient trehalose loading process and try to decrease the osmotic fragility of RBCs frozen with polymers and sugars. PMID: 19665011 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - August 4, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Quan GB, Han Y, Liu MX, Gao F Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Cryo-scanning electron microscopic study on freezing behaviors of tissue cells in dormant buds of Larch (Larix kaempferi).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The freezing behavior of dormant buds in larch, especially at the cellular level, was examined by a Cryo-SEM. The dormant buds exhibited typical extraorgan freezing. Extracellular ice crystals accumulated only in basal areas of scales and beneath crown tissues, areas in which only these living cells had thick walls unlike other tissue cells. By slow cooling (5 degrees C/day) of dormant buds to -50 degrees C, all living cells in bud tissues exhibited distinct shrinkage without intracellular ice formation detectable by Cryo-SEM. However, the recrystallization experiment of these slowly cooled tissue cells, which was done...
Source: Cryobiology - July 28, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Endoh K, Kasuga J, Arakawa K, Ito T, Fujikawa S Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Enhancing prostate cancer cryotherapy using tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) sensitisation in an in vitro cryotherapy model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we investigate the effect of TRAIL as a sensitising agent to enhance the effects of cryotherapy on prostate cancer cells.Prostate cancer cells were cooled using Endocare cryo-system to mimic temperatures achieved during clinical cryotherapy. The effects of TRAIL, cryotherapy or combination of both treatment on DU-145 and PC-3 were evaluated. Viability and mode of cell death was assessed following treatment.Cryotherapy did not result in complete cell death at temperature -40 degrees C. Cells died by both necrosis and apoptosis. Cells which survived freeze-thaw cycle became more sensitive to a second freezing i...
Source: Cryobiology - July 27, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Ismail M, Morgan R, Harrington K, Davies J, Pandha H Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Osmotic Tolerance Limits and Membrane Permeability Characteristics of Stallion Spermatozoa Treated with Cholesterol.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objectives of this study were to determine if adding cholesterol to stallion sperm membranes alters the osmotic tolerance limits and membrane permeability characteristics of the spermatozoa. In experiment one, stallion spermatozoa were treated with cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC), subjected to anisotonic solutions and spermatozoal motility analyzed. The spermatozoa were then returned to isotonic conditions and the percentages of motile spermatozoa again determined. CLC treatment increased the osmotic tolerance limit of stallion spermatozoa in anisotonic solutions and when returned to isotonic conditions. The seco...
Source: Cryobiology - July 27, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Glazar AI, Mullen SF, Liu J, Benson JD, Critser JK, Squires EL, Graham JK Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Successful cryopreservation of rat pronuclear-stage embryos by rapid cooling.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Embryo cryopreservation is a valuable tool for efficient production of animals as well as banking of genetic resources. Even though the laboratory rat is one of the most important experimental animals for various research fields, it has been reported that survival and developmental ability of cryopreserved rat embryos are generally low, especially at the early stages. The aim of the present study was to establish rapid cooling method that can be applied for cryopreservation of rat pronuclear-stage embryos using Cryotops (a device). First, optimal equilibration time was examined. Pronuclear-stage embryos were equilibrat...
Source: Cryobiology - July 20, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Seita Y, Okuda Y, Kato M, Kawakami Y, Inomata T, Ito J, Kashiwazaki N Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Introduction to the Special Issue: Thermodynamic Aspects of Cryobiology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This brief manuscript introduces the subject of thermodynamics and the papers of the special issue on thermodynamic aspects of cryobiology. Thermodynamic terminology is defined for the non-specialist. PMID: 19619520 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - July 16, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Elliott JA Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

The hydrophobic effect and its role in cold denaturation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The hydrophobic effect is considered the main driving force for protein folding and plays an important role in the stability of those biomolecules. Cold denaturation, where the native state of the protein loses its stability upon cooling, is also attributed to this effect. It is therefore not surprising that a lot of effort has been spent in understanding this phenomenon. Despite these efforts, many unresolved fundamental aspects remain. In this paper we review and summarize the thermodynamics of proteins, the hydrophobic effect and cold denaturation. We start by accounting for these phenomena macroscopically then move...
Source: Cryobiology - July 15, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Dias CL, Ala-Nissila T, Wong-Ekkabut J, Vattulainen I, Grant M, Karttunen M Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Cryopreservation of swine ovarian tissue: effect of different cryoprotectants on the structural preservation of preantral follicle oocytes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, it is possible to cryopreserve preantral follicles from pig ovarian tissue using Me2SO or EG. PMID: 19616533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)
Source: Cryobiology - July 15, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Borges EN, Silva RC, Futino DO, Rocha-Junior CM, Amorim CA, Báo SN, Lucci CM Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Effects of Solution Composition on the Theoretical Prediction of Ice Nucleation Kinetics and Thermodynamics.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Predictions by various mathematical models of intracellular ice formation (proposed by Mazur, Pitt, Toner, and Karlsson, respectively) were compared to the known thermodynamic and kinetic behavior of ice formation in supercooled aqueous systems. The older models (Mazur, Pitt, and Toner) significantly underestimated the magnitude of colligative nonequilibrium freezing point depression in response to increased concentration of solutes, such as salts or cryoprotectants. Furthermore, kinetics predicted using phenomenological models (by Mazur and Pitt) exhibited implausible temperature-dependence, with the probability of in...
Source: Cryobiology - July 14, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Karlsson JO Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Effect of methanol and Me(2)SO exposure on mitochondrial activity and distribution in stage III ovarian follicles of zebrafish (Danio rerio).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study the effect of cryoprotectants that have been shown to be the least toxic to zebrafish ovarian follicles (methanol and Me(2)SO), on mitochondria of stage III ovarian follicles was evaluated. The mitochondrial distributional arrangement, mitochondrial membrane potential, mtDNA copy number, ATP levels and ADP/ATP ratios were assessed following exposure to cryoprotectants for 30 min at room temperature. Results obtained by confocal microscopy showed that 30 min exposure to 2M methanol induced a loss of membrane potential, although viability tests showed no decrease in survival even after 5 h post-exposure incubat...
Source: Cryobiology - July 9, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Zampolla T, Spikings E, Zhang T, Rawson DM Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Cryopreservation of Mammalian Oocytes by Using Sugars: Intra- and extracellular raffinose with small amounts of dimethylsulfoxide yields high cryosurvival, fertilization, and development rates.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential application of intra- and extracellular raffinose in combination with low concentrations of dimethylsulfoxide (Me(2)SO) to mammalian oocyte cryopreservation. To this end, the fertilization and embryonic development of cryopreserved metaphase II (M II) mouse oocytes were studied in comparison to unfrozen controls. For cryopreservation, M II oocytes were microinjected with 0.1 M raffinose, and then cooled to -196 degrees C in the presence of either 0.3 M raffinose and 0.5 M Me(2)SO (cryopreservation group 1) or 0.3 M raffinose and 1.0 M Me(2)SO (cryopreserva...
Source: Cryobiology - July 7, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Eroglu A Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Retained Structural Integrity of Collagen and Elastin within Cryopreserved Human Heart Valve Tissue as Detected by Two-Photon Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study uses two-photon laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on collagen and elastin integrity within the leaflet and conduit of aortic and pulmonary human heart valves. To permit pairwise comparisons of fresh and cryopreserved tissue, tests valves were bisected longitudinally with one segment imaged fresh and the other imaged after cryopreservation and brief storage in liquid nitrogen. Collagen was detected by second harmonic generation (SHG) stimulation and elastin autofluorescence excitation. Qualitative analysis of all resultant images indicated the maintenance of coll...
Source: Cryobiology - July 6, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Gerson CJ, Goldstein S, Heacox AE Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Vitreous cryopreservation of tissue engineered bone composed of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and partially demineralized bone matrix.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined the feasibility of cryopreservation of tissue-engineered bone (TEB) composed of osteo-induced canine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (cBMSCs) and partially demineralized bone matrix (pDBM) scaffold by vitrification. A novel vitreous solution named as VS442 containing 40% dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO), 40% EuroCollins (EC) solution and 20% basic culture medium (BCM) was developed. After being cultured in vitro for 8 days, cell/scaffold complex in VS442 was subjected to vitreous preservation for 7 days and 3 months, respectively. Cell viability, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of cBMSCs...
Source: Cryobiology - June 29, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Yin H, Cui L, Liu G, Cen L, Cao Y Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Thermodynamics Issue Isochoric Preservation: A Novel Characterization Method.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Isochoric (constant volume) preservation is an alternative to traditional cryopreservation methods because it requires less cryoprotectant and is simple to operate. In order to validate that this method automatically minimizes the pressure for a given temperature, pressure and temperature data were collected from a specially designed pressure vessel. This vessel was then used to examine the effect of an isochoric environment on freezing point nucleation in an aqueous antifreeze protein solution, and to generate pressure-temperature phase diagrams for various cryoprotectant solutions. Our results show that the isochoric...
Source: Cryobiology - June 23, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Preciado JA, Rubinsky B Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals

Comparison of the Permeability Properties and Post-Thaw Motility of Ejaculated And Epididymal Bovine Spermatozoa.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There are very few experimental reports on the comparative water transport (membrane permeability) characteristics of ejaculated and epididymal mammalian spermatozoa during freezing. In the present study, we report the effects of cooling ejaculated and epididymal bovine sperm from the same males with and without the presence of a cryoprotective agent, glycerol. Water transport data during freezing of ejaculated and epididymal bovine sperm suspensions were obtained at a cooling rate of 20 C/min under two different conditions: 1) in the absence of any cryoprotective agents, CPAs and, 2) in the presence of 0.7 M glycerol....
Source: Cryobiology - June 18, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Alapati R, Stout M, Saenz J, Gentry Jr GT, Godke RA, Devireddy RV Tags: Cryobiology Source Type: journals