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Using meal replacements as a nutritional strategy for weight loss in type 2 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0064-zAuthors Amy D. Otto, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 5 / October, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

What is the best treatment for prediabetes?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Worldwide, along with the increasing prevalence of obesity, the number of people with prediabetes is increasing. The diagnostic criteria for prediabetes include impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and metabolic syndrome. The presence of two or more of these three criteria renders a person at high risk for future diabetes. The treatment goal of prediabetes is to prevent future development of type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. The treatment approach is twofold: glycemic control and control of cardiovascular risk factors, mainly hypertension and hyperli...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

What are the best options for controlling prandial glycemia?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Epidemiologic studies suggest that postprandial hyperglycemia is more strongly linked to an increased risk for cardiovascular events than fasting or preprandial glucose levels. Although the results of prospective randomized studies proving causation of this finding are mixed, clinicians have given increased attention to target therapy to postprandial glucose than in the past. Rapid-acting insulin analogues, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and acarbose all target the postprandial glucose levels. This wide range of therapies allows the clinician to mix and match ag...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

When is evidence of lack of harm enough? Has the rosiglitazone controversy ended?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0063-0Authors Anthony L. McCall, University of Virginia Health System Diabetes and Hormone Center of Excellence Box 801407 450 Ray C. Hunt Drive Charlottesville VA 22908 USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 5 / October, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

What are the risks and the benefits of current and emerging weight-loss medications?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses the perceived benefits and risks of these approved medications along with emerging drugs that have shown weight-loss effects. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0058-xAuthors Jamie R. RobinsonKevin D. Niswender, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Medicine, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics 7435G MRB IV Nashville TN 37232 USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 5 / October, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Is the evidence from clinical trials for cardiovascular risk or harm for glitazones convincing?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the available clinical evidence on the cardiovascular effects of TZDs, discussing possible mechanisms underlying the observed effects and suggesting some directions for future research. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0054-1Authors Edoardo Mannucci, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Geriatric Cardiology Via delle Oblate 4 50141 Florence ItalyMatteo Monami Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 5 / October, 2009 (Sour...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

The usefulness of a Mediterranean-based diet in individuals with type 2 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews current data available on the Mediterranean diet related to its use in a diabetic population. Based on many published reports, it is apparent that the Mediterranean diet may be used in dietary interventions for the treatment of overweight and obesity, conditions associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. In addition, obesity in type 2 diabetic persons is associated with other cardiovascular disease risk factors. The Mediterranean diet has been found to be inversely related to the metabolic syndrome, often a feature of diabetic individuals. Perhaps the most critical information placing the...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Use of the glycemic index for weight loss and glycemic control: A review of recent evidenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article summarizes current findings regarding the use of low-glycemic index (GI) diets for weight loss and type 2 diabetes control. Results from cross-sectional studies evaluating the association between dietary GI and body mass index had equivocal results, especially when dietary fiber was included in the model. Of five prospective cohort studies, two reported increased risk of type 2 diabetes diagnosis with higher dietary GI or glycemic load (GL). Risk of type 2 diabetes appeared to have a stronger association with carbohydrate intake or GL than with GI. Evidence from intervention studies using a low-GI approach...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Low-carbohydrate diets: An update on current researchEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The diabetes and obesity epidemics have stimulated research to assess the benefits and potential risks of low-carbohydrate diets. Carbohydrate comprises less than 45% of calories in carbohydrate-restricted diets, but very low carbohydrate ketogenic diets may restrict carbohydrate to 20 g initially with variability in the carbohydrate level subsequently. Some research suggests that low-carbohydrate diets may achieve better early weight loss than comparison diets higher in carbohydrate. Studies of up to 1 year suggest that weight loss on low-carbohydrate diet is comparable with fat-restricted diets wi...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

A new use for an old drug provides dual glucose and LDL-lowering therapy in the modern setting of T2D Management: Colesevelam HCLEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Current Reports / Diabetes / Invited CommentaryDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0065-yAuthors Ronald B. Goldberg, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes Research Institute 1450 Northwest 10th Avenue Miami FL 33136 USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 5 / October, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

New therapies for diabesityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Many patients with type 2 diabetes are obese (diabesity), and the two conditions together impose a particularly complex therapeutic challenge. Several differently acting agents are often required at the same time, encouraging development of more single-tablet combinations. Longer-acting (once daily and once weekly) injected agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 are due to provide additional options to stimulate insulin secretion with weight loss and minimal risk of hypoglycemia. Further, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (“weight-neutral” insulinotropic agents) are also expected. Sodium-glucose co...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Fiber facts: Benefits and recommendations for individuals with type 2 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract In randomized controlled trials, viscous soluble fibers have demonstrated acute and long-term metabolic improvements in type 2 diabetes, such as reductions in hemoglobin A1c, fasting and postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, and cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, they may be helpful in weight control through promoting feelings of fullness. Increasing consumption of foods containing fiber or use of fiber supplements could play an important role in managing diabetes with positive outcomes on vascular complications and reduced cardio vascular disease risk. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.100...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Treating diabetes and prediabetes by focusing on obesity managementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In obesity, the adipose cell releases non-esterified free fatty acids, hormones, adipocytokines, and other substances that are involved in insulin resistance. Under normal conditions, the pancreatic islet β cells increase production of insulin sufficiently to maintain normal blood glucose concentrations despite insulin resistance. However, in genetically predisposed patients, the β cells eventually become dysfunctional and T2DM develops. The development of T2DM can be delayed or somet...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Implications of the 2008 update from the collaborative islet transplant registryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0051-4Authors Boaz Hirshberg, Clinical Research for AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Wilmington USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 4 / August, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Oral agents in the management of the pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: Increased optionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0050-5Authors Carol J. Homko, Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 4 / August, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

The controversy continues: Nutritional management of the pregnancy complicated by diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Current controversies for medical nutrition therapy in pregnancies complicated by diabetes include the composition and amount of carbohydrates and fats as well as optimal gestational weight gain and energy restriction. Although carbohydrate is the macronutrient with the greatest effect on glycemic control, there is little evidence for a recommended amount and type of carbohydrate or its distribution. This lack of evidence prompts an issue of debate among practitioners over the type of carbohydrate and its percent distribution throughout the day. The best indicators at this time are the results of se...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

History of islet transplantationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Patients with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus endure stringent life-long medical therapy through the use of insulin to prevent end organ complications and maintain normoglycemia. However, some patients still suffer from hypoglycemic unawareness, even under intensive therapy. Within the past decade, noble efforts have been attempted to provide normoglycemia through cadaveric islet of Langerhans transplantation in order to reach a physiologic response. This effort, which has evolved for more than a century, actually predates the discovery of insulin. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Ocular telehealth initiatives in diabetic retinopathyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of new-onset vision loss in adults worldwide. Current medical and surgical evidence-based care, including laser photocoagulation, is effective in preserving vision. This care is most effective prior to the onset of ocular or visual symptoms, but many diabetic persons do not receive the recommended annual eye examination for the evaluation of the retina for level of DR. With diabetes incidence and prevalence increasing at epidemic rates and the prediction that 370 million people worldwide will have diabetes by...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Dyslipidemia following kidney transplantation: Diagnosis and treatmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Lipid abnormalities are a common complication of kidney transplantation, occurring in up to 60% of patients. In fact, impairment of lipid metabolism is often present before renal transplantation due to the uremic state. After transplantation and recovery of renal function, lipid disturbances usually persist but show a different profile due to the various effects of immunosuppressive drugs on lipid metabolism. Actually, steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors usually lead to quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of very low-density, low-density, and high-de...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Retinal vascular changes and diabetic retinopathyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Recent studies support the concept that the retinal vasculature may provide a summary measure of lifetime exposure to the effects of hyperglycemia. Advances in retinal photographic techniques and in image analysis have allowed objective and precise in vivo measurement of retinal vascular changes. In particular, quantitative assessment of retinopathy signs and measurement of retinal vascular caliber have greatly increased our knowledge of early microcirculatory alterations in prediabetes, diabetes, and diabetic micro- and macrovascular complications. Data from recent population-based studies suggest ...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Insulin resistance: The possible link between gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and diabetes are all associated with increased risks of poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes have been shown in population studies to have increased risk of pregnancy-associated hypertension compared with nondiabetic women. Moreover, pregnant patients with hypertension are at increased risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus. It has been hypothesized that this association could be due, at least in part, to insulin resistance. Although insulin resistance is a physiologic phenomenon in normal pregnancy, in pred...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

The use of oral antidiabetic medications in gestational diabetes mellitusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. When medical nutrition therapy is not successful in maintaining target glucose values during pregnancy complicated by GDM, medication is required. Insulin has been the traditional treatment under such circumstances. The use of oral antidiabetic medications in the management of gestational diabetes has increased over the past several years. Recent studies have shown the equivalence to insulin of both glyburide and metformin in terms of pregnancy outcomes in GDM. However, both a...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Diagnosis and approach to posttransplant diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews recent concepts on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of PTDM. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0049-yAuthors Vittoria BonatoDorica CataldoFrancesco Dotta, University of Siena Policlinico “Le Scotte”, 3° Lotto — 5S, Viale Bracci 18 53100 Siena ItalyMario Carmellini Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 4 / August, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Intravitreal steroid versus macular laser for treatment of diabetic macular edemaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Diabetic macular edema is a leading cause of vision loss in the United States. Focal/grid laser photocoagulation has been the gold standard for treatment over the past two decades. Intravitreal pharmacologic treatments increasingly have been used over the past 5 years. Various studies have shown the possible benefits of intravitreal corticosteroids and anti-vascular endothelial growth factors in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. However, focal/grid laser photocoagulation continues to be the only proven safe and effective treatment for diabetic macular edema. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Evaluation of insulin resistance in a cohort of HIV-infected youthEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Current Reports / Diabetes / Invited CommentaryDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0052-3Authors Raffaella Rosso, University of Genoa, San Martino Hospital Infectious Diseases Clinic Largo Rosanna Benzi 10 16132 Genova ItalyAntonio Di Biagio Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 4 / August, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 22, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Impact of surgical and nonsurgical weight loss on diabetes resolution and cardiovascular risk reductionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews surgical and nonsurgical methods of weight loss and their impact on cardiovascular risk factors, especially the resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the implications for cardiovascular event reduction in patients with morbid obesity. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0036-3Authors Katherine E. Nori Janosz, William Beaumont Hospital Division of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine 4949 Coolidge Highway Royal Oak MI 48073 USAKerstyn C. ZalesinWendy M. MillerPeter A. McCulloughBarry A. Franklin Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 ...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Thiazolidinediones in prediabetes and early type 2 diabetes: What can be learned about that disease’s pathogenesisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews this topic by first describing the TZD intervention studies. Then it provides an overview of the current concepts regarding the β-cell overwork and rest hypotheses, and the recent information about PPARγ signaling effects in β cells. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0035-4Authors Jack L. Leahy, Colchester Research Facility Room 110, 208 South Park Drive Colchester VT 05446 USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 3 / June, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Glycemic control and cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Diabetes increases cardiovascular (CV) risk to a similar extent as myocardial infarction. Epidemiologic data support the same concept for the presence of Stage 3 (ie, glomerular filtration rate of < 60 mL/min) or higher nephropathy without diabetes. The most common cause of end-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis is diabetes. Hence, CV risk is highest among those with kidney disease and diabetes. Glycemic control in the context of CV risk reduction among patients with kidney disease has not been the focus of any specific trial; however, secondary analyses of trials, primarily in type 1 diabet...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Lessons learned from studying families genetically predisposed to type 2 diabetes mellitusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Early interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) demand a better understanding of its underlying mechanisms. Nonobese healthy subjects with a strong family history of T2DM (FH+ subjects) hold a key to this end by allowing the study of the disease before the development of confounding factors, such as obesity or hyperglycemia. In this article, we share our experience over the past decade in studying FH+ subjects and how lipotoxicity alters glucose metabolism in such individuals, in particular pancreatic β-cell function. FH+ subjects have no obvious clinical abnormalities, but when carefu...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

The role of FOXO in the regulation of metabolismEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors play an important role in modulating metabolic functions. FOXO is regulated by several modifications, but one of the most critical is phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion by Akt. Given the impact of insulin signaling on Akt-mediated phosphorylation of FOXO and the relatively high expression of Foxo1 in insulin-responsive tissues, this transcription factor is highly poised to regulate energy metabolism. When nutrient and insulin levels are low, Foxo1 promotes expression of gluconeogenic enzymes. Conversely, in the fed state, insulin levels rise and stimula...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Pathophysiology of prediabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The term prediabetes refers to subjects with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance who are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although both types of patients are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, they manifest distinct metabolic abnormalities. In this article, we summarize the metabolic abnormalities that characterize each state and the contribution of these metabolic abnormalities to the increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0032-7Authors Muha...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Treatment of hypertension in metabolic syndrome: Implications of recent clinical trialsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the treatment of hypertension as a metabolic and vascular disease and also opens a new paradigm for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, which affects nearly one quarter of the world’s population. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0037-2Authors Amgad N. Makaryus, North Shore University Hospital Department of Cardiology 300 Community Drive Manhasset NY 11030 USAPhilippe AkhrassSamy I. McFarlane Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 3 / June, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Antidiabetic medications and weight gain: Implications for the practicing physicianEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and most people with diabetes are overweight or obese. Weight reduction has been shown to improve glycemic control and reduce cardiovascular risk in the diabetic population. While physicians strive to achieve better glycemic control for their patients with diabetes, they are faced with the problem of weight gain that is commonly encountered with the use of antidiabetic agents, particularly insulin, insulin secretagogues, and thiazolidinediones. Weight gain in this population could offset the beneficial effects of good glycemic c...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

ONTARGET: Use of ramipril, telmisartan, or both in patients with high cardiovascular risksEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0030-9Authors HoWon LeeAmgad N. MakaryusSamy I. McFarlane Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 3 / June, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Group visits in the management of diabetes and hypertension: Effect on glycemic and blood pressure controlEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Diabetes is a major public health problem that is reaching epidemic proportions in the United States and worldwide. Over 22 million Americans currently have diabetes and it is forecast that over 350 million people worldwide will be affected by 2030. Furthermore, the economic cost of diabetes care is enormous. Despite current efforts on the part of health care providers and their patients, outcomes of care remain largely suboptimal, with only 3% to 7% of the entire diabetes population meeting recommended treatment goals for glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control. Therefore, alternative approache...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Insulin resistance versus β-cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Current Reports / Diabetes / Invited CommentaryDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0031-8Authors Ele Ferrannini, University of Pisa School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Via Roma, 67 56100 Pisa Italy Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 3 / June, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Reinforcing healthy behaviors: Is there a role for CGM?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0029-2Authors Katie Weinger Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 3 / June, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Antigen-based therapy for treating childhood type 1 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0017-6Authors Anette-G. ZieglerHeike BoerschmannMarkus Walter Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 2 / April, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Control of inflammation with alpha1-antitrypsin: A potential treatment for islet transplantation and new-onset type 1 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Invited CommentaryDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0018-5Authors Gordon C. Weir, Joslin Diabetes Center Section on Islet Transplantation and Cell Biology One Joslin Place Boston MA 02215 USAMaria Koulamnda Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 2 / April, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Novel antigens in type 1 diabetes: The importance of ZnT8Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The presence of circulating islet cell autoantibodies distinguishes type 1A diabetes (T1D) from other diabetic syndromes and determination of autoantigen genes and proteins is instrumental in understanding T1D as a clinical entity and in investigating the pathogenesis of the disease. ZnT8 was recently defined as a candidate autoantigen based on a bioinformatics analysis focused on discovery of β-cell-specific proteins associated with the regulatory pathway of secretion. The native molecule does not lend itself easily to solution-phase autoantibody assays, but ligands based on the predicted domain s...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

The dawn of prospective pharmacogenetic testing in type 2 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0016-7Authors Jose C. Florez Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 2 / April, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Differentiation, expansion, and homeostasis of autoreactive T cells in type 1 diabetes mellitusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Autoreactive T cells play a major role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and are considered a major target of immunomodulatory strategies aimed at preventing or delaying the disease onset. However, the T-cell response against insulinproducing β cells is still poorly understood. T cells potentially able to recognize and destroy β cells are present in most individuals, but only in a few do they differentiate into pathogenic effectors. Recent and novel findings in T-cell biology on the dynamics of T-cell activation and memory maintenance are shedding new light on the general mech...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

The contribution of hematopoietic stem cells to beta-cell replacementEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are commonly used for curing malignant and nonmalignant hematopoiesis disorders. In recent years, HSC potential giving rise to multilineage progeny has been reported. This issue, together with their availability and number, has made them ideal candidates for β-cell replacement in diabetic patients. HSC capacity to differentiate to insulin-producing cells has been at the center of debate for the past 5 years and it now seems that their role could more likely be that of helper cells able to facilitate survival or stimulate proliferation of endogenous β cells. In additio...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Disturbed eating behaviors and eating disorders in type 1 diabetes: Clinical significance and treatment recommendationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article presents a review of the current scientific literature on eating disturbances in type 1 diabetes and synthesizes the existent findings into recommendations for screening and treatment. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0023-8Authors Ann E. Goebel-Fabbri, Joslin Diabetes Center Behavioral and Mental Health Unit 1 Joslin Place Boston MA 02215 USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829Print ISSN 1534-4827 Journal Volume Volume 9 Journal Issue Volume 9, Number 2 / April, 2009 (Source: Current Diabetes Reports)
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Genome-wide association studies in type 1 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease that typically manifests itself in childhood through the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells, resulting in a lack of production of insulin. T1D is a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component that is thought to interact with specific environmental triggers. Several genetic determinants of T1D were already established before the era of genome-wide association studies, primarily with the HLA class II genes, encoding highly polymorphic antigen-presenting proteins that account for almost 50% of the genetic risk for T1D. The recent developm...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Cognitive and psychosocial aspects of caring for elderly patients with diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews recent literature on epidemiology and clinical implications of cognitive and psychosocial dysfunctions in older patients with diabetes. This article focuses on cognitive dysfunctions, dementia, depression, and other psychosocial stresses, and their implications in the care of older adults with diabetes. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11892-009-0024-7Authors Isao IwataMedha N. Munshi, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School, Joslin Geriatric Diabetes Programs 110 Francis Street, LMOB 1B Boston MA 02215 USA Journal Current Diabetes ReportsOnline ISSN 1539-0829P...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Microchimerism in type 1 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The observation that maternal cells can transfer from mother to child during pregnancy and differentiate into many different tissues including islet β cells is exciting and intriguing, and to date has generated more questions than answers: Could these genetically distinct maternal cells play a role in the initiation of autoimmune diabetes in the child? Why do some individuals appear to have higher levels of maternal cells than others? What can we learn about how human β cells differentiate from maternal stem cells? In this article, we review published data on maternal microchimerism in type 1 diab...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Genome-wide association studies in type 2 diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Despite numerous candidate gene and linkage studies, the field of type 2 diabetes (T2D) genetics had until recently succeeded in identifying few genuine disease-susceptibility loci. The advent of genomewide association (GWA) scans has transformed the situation, leading to an expansion in the number of established, robustly replicating T2D loci to almost 20. These novel findings offer unique insights into the pathogenesis of T2D and in the main point toward the etiologic importance of disorders of β-cell development and function. All associated variants have common allele frequencies in the discover...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Psychosocial issues in youth with type 2 diabetes mellitusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Little published research exists on psychosocial issues in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), because until two decades ago, diabetes diagnosed in children and adolescents was almost exclusively type 1 diabetes mellitus or insulin-dependent diabetes. In the past two decades, rates of T2DM have increased, especially in adolescents from families of minority racial and ethnic groups. Youth with T2DM are most often obese, have a parent or other first-degree relative with T2DM, and are of low socioeconomic status. To understand the complex set of interrelated psychological and social influ...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals

Pharmacogenetics in diabetesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Genetic variation can impact on efficacy and risk of adverse events to commonly used oral agents in diabetes. Metformin is not metabolized and its mechanism of action remains debated; however, several cation transporters have been identified. Variation in these pharmacokinetic genes might influence metformin response. Conversely, although the cytochrome P450 system has been implicated in sulfonylurea response in some small studies, to date variants affecting pharmacodynamics, including those in ABCC8 (SUR1) and TCF7L2, are the most promising. For thiazolidinedione response, variants in PPARG or ADIP...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - March 21, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Current Diabetes Reports Source Type: journals