Role of Povidone-Iodine in Reducing Surgical Site Infection
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSurgical site infections (SSIs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Given the role of endogenous carriage ofStaphylococcus aureus, current patient decolonization strategies revolve around the application of topical antiseptic agents prior to and at the time of surgery.Recent FindingsIntranasal single-application povidone-iodine (PVP-I) on the day of surgery is an emerging, attractive alternative to the established approach of a 5-day course of intranasal mupirocin for preoperative decolonization.SummaryPVP-I appears more convenient and cost-effective for both patients and healt...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - April 11, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Correction to: Long Story Short: Establishing Breakpoints for Antimicrobials and 2023 Updates
(Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports)
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - March 21, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Care Bundles in Surgical Site Infection Prevention: A Narrative Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSurgical site infections are healthcare-associated infections that cause significant morbidity and mortality. Best practices in prevention of these infections are combined in care bundles for consistent implementation.Recent FindingsCare bundles have been used in nearly all surgical specialties. While the composition and size of bundles vary, the effect of a bundle depends on the number of evidence-based interventions included and the consistency of implementation. Bundles work because of the cooperation and collaboration among members of a team. Bundles for prevention of surgical site infections s...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - March 1, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Exploring the Potential of Farnesol as a Novel Antifungal Drug and Related Challenges
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFarnesol (FOH) is a quorum-sensing molecule with potential as an antifungal drug. Given the growing concern about fungal drug resistance, exploring new solutions is crucial. Therefore, summarizing the antifungal activity of FOH is expected to be the basis for further FOH research and application. Herein, we reviewed the in vitro and in vivo antifungal efficacy of FOH alone and in combination with conventional antifungal drugs, as well as its mechanisms of action. Furthermore, we discussed the prospects and challenges of the FOH application in detail.Recent FindingsRecent studies have revealed that ...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - February 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Tebipenem and Sulopenem: Dynamic Duo or Double Trouble?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAntimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to public health, leading to millions of antibiotic-resistant infections and thousands of deaths annually in the USA. One concerning issue is the rise of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) –producing Enterobacterales. Current treatments often involve intravenous carbapenems, leading to prolonged hospital stays and financial burdens.Recent FindingsTo address this, new oral penem agents, tebipenem and sulopenem, are being investigated. They are administered as prodrugs, enhancing bioavailability before becoming active in the gastrointestinal tract, ...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - February 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
A Review of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactams
AbstractPurpose of ReviewBeta-lactam antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drug classes in the hospital setting. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic index correlated with bactericidal activity of beta-lactam antibiotics is the amount of time drug concentrations exceeds the minimum inhibitory concentration over the course of a dosing interval. Standard dosing is based on preclinical trials conducted in healthy volunteers with considerations for renal function and weight to maintain time over minimum inhibitory concentration for an appropriate percentage of the dosing interval. It is commonly accepted that criti...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - February 3, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The Verdict on Vancomycin and Piperacillin/Tazobactam-Associated Nephrotoxicity: Acquittal by Biomarkers or Guilty as Charged?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCurrent literature largely suggests that the combination of vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam (VPT) is associated with a significantly higher risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to vancomycin alone or in combination with other antipseudomonal beta-lactams. However, the true mechanisms behind this potential nephrotoxic effect remain unclear.Recent FindingsThe majority of studies describing VPT-associated nephrotoxicity are based on potentially flawed surrogates of glomerular function (e.g., serum creatinine). Moreover, the incidence of creatinine-based AKI is dependent on the consensus d...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - February 1, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Recent Advancements in the Therapeutic Development for Marburg Virus: Updates on Clinical Trials
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe aim to provide valuable insights into the current state of therapeutic development for the deadly Marburg virus and guide researchers and clinicians to study the emerging therapies and shape future directions against this deadly virus.Recent FindingsWe find considerable progress in understanding the molecular biology and pathogenesis of the Marburg virus, leading to the identification of small-molecule antivirals and host-targeted approaches, including RNA polymerase inhibitors, viral entry inhibitors, and RNA interference therapies. However, there are very few ongoing clinical trials on the the...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - February 1, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Long Story Short: Establishing Breakpoints for Antimicrobials and 2023 Updates
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review outlines the process of setting and revising Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints and summarizes breakpoints approved in 2023. These breakpoints will be published in the 2024 edition of the CLSI M100 document.Recent FindingsOver the past decade, new rapid diagnostic tests and antibiotic approvals have led to more frequent updates and revisions to clinical breakpoints —or susceptibility test interpretive criteria (STIC). CLSI is currently the only recognized standards development organization—outside of the FDA—allowed to set or revise STIC. The process of...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - February 1, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Out with the Old, In with the New: A Review of the Treatment of Intrapartum Infections
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn 2019, a global meta-analysis demonstrated incidence of 3.9% for chorioamnionitis, 1.6% for endometritis, 1.2% for wound infection, 0.05% for sepsis, and 1.1% for maternal peripartum infection (Woodd et al. in PLOS Med 16(12):e1002984,2019). Antimicrobial regimens for these infections are based on older microbiology profiles and may not account for changes in antimicrobial susceptibility data or the availability more modern antimicrobial therapies.Recent FindingsRecommendations for treatment of puerperal infection have not changed significantly in recent decades, despite the availability of new a...
Source: Current Infectious Disease Reports - January 30, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
