Exploring the effect of group schema therapy and comorbidity on the treatment course of personality disorders
Purpose of review
To provide an update of outcome studies of schema group therapy for personality disorders and the effect of comorbidity in order to explore whether schema group therapy might be effective for this patient group and what dosage is required.
Recent findings
Studies of short-term schema group therapy for personality disorders with or without comorbidity show moderately effective results but the majority of patients fail to achieve full remission from global psychological symptom distress. Preliminary findings revealed that those unremitted patients might benefit from 40 to 60 sessions. Patients wi...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PERSONALITY DISORDERS: Edited by Aleksandar Janca and Charles Pull Source Type: research
Personality traits and their role as risk modifiers in gaming disorder and internet use disorders
Purpose of review
After its initial recognition in the DSM-5, Gaming Disorder has now officially been included as a mental disorder in the ICD-11 as a behavioral addiction. In the past decades, research on this phenomenon has increased and in particular theories on its etiopathology have been suggested. In that respect, underlying factors, including neurobiological, social, and psychological factors, have been described. One commonly discussed etiological factor is supposed in specific personality traits. Knowing more about underlying personality factors of Gaming Disorder and other subtypes of internet use disorders w...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PERSONALITY DISORDERS: Edited by Aleksandar Janca and Charles Pull Source Type: research
Improving treatment outcomes for borderline personality disorder: what can we learn from biomarker studies of psychotherapy?
We report further evidence for psychotherapy-related alterations of neural activation and connectivity in regions and networks relating to executive control, emotion regulation, and self/interpersonal functioning in BPD. Emerging evidence also shows epigenetic changes following treatment. Future large-scale multisite studies may help to delineate multilevel treatment targets to inform intervention design, selection, and monitoring for the individual patient via integration of knowledge generated through clinical, neuroscience, and genetics research. (Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry)
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PERSONALITY DISORDERS: Edited by Aleksandar Janca and Charles Pull Source Type: research
Coherence of character and temperament drives personality change toward well being in person-centered therapy
Purpose of review
People and communities around the world face many crises, including increasing burdens from disease, psychopathology, burn-out, social distrust, and acts of hate and terrorism. Personality disorder is arguably both a root cause and a consequence of these problems, creating a vicious cycle of suffering caused by fears, immoderate desires, and social distrust that are inconsistent with rational goals and prosocial values. Fortunately, recent advances in understanding the biopsychosocial basis and dynamics of development in personality and its disorders offer insights to address these problems in effecti...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PERSONALITY DISORDERS: Edited by Aleksandar Janca and Charles Pull Source Type: research
Nutraceuticals in mood disorders: current knowledge and future directions
Purpose of review
There is a large evidence base of clinical trials that have investigated the efficacy of a range of nutraceuticals on mood disorders. The aim of the current review is to provide an update regarding the efficacy and safety of nutraceutical agents in mood disorders and to highlight considerations for future research.
Recent findings
Nutraceuticals such as omega-3, probiotics, zinc, saffron and curcumin have been recommended as adjunctive interventions to standard treatments for people with depression, while St John's wort has been recommended as a monotherapy. In contrast, less research has been ...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Loneliness and mood disorders: consequence, cause and/or unholy alliance?
Purpose of review
People with persistent depressive disorders and with bipolar disorder are more likely to feel lonely than people in the general population. This evidence update focused on studies in the last 2 years, characterized by the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent social distancing directives.
Recent findings
Longitudinal studies identified that people who feel lonely are more likely to become depressed or to experience relapse of mood disorders. There is emerging evidence that feelings of loneliness or mandatory social isolation can precede manic episodes. Hence the relationship between loneliness and m...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Green spaces for mental disorders
Purpose of review
Mental illness is a global challenge, exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic. Research suggests access to local green spaces is associated with better mental health, yet access is not always equitable. Evaluation of how nature-based interventions protect and support mental health is therefore required.
Recent findings
Accessible local green spaces are associated with better mental health. They encourage active behaviours and social interaction, reduce loneliness and stress. Green views from the home are associated with increased self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness and reduced depressi...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Recent advances in sleep and depression
Purpose of review
There is increasing interest in the connection between sleep disturbances and mood disorders. The purpose of this review is to summarize and evaluate current research on the role of sleep disturbance in the development of depression, as well as to describe recent advances in treatments that improve both sleep and depression symptoms.
Recent findings
Relevant publications included in this review cover a wide range of topics related to sleep and depression. Data from large longitudinal studies suggest that insomnia and evening circadian preference are unique risk factors for depression. Depressio...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Adaptation, personalization and capacity in mental health treatments: a balancing act?
Purpose of review
There are increasing calls for mental health treatments to be adapted for different groups to maximize their acceptability and benefit to patients. However, adaptations can be costly to develop and evaluate, difficult to implement in routine clinical practice and may reduce service capacity at a time when there is unprecedented unmet need. An alternative method is personalization on an individual level. This review provides an overview of the issues related to personalization and adaptation of mental health interventions.
Recent findings
Several terms have been used to describe changes to exist...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Advances in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder
Purpose of review
Due to bipolar disorder clinical heterogeneity, a plethora of studies have provided new genetic, epigenetic, molecular, and cellular findings associated with its pathophysiology.
Recent findings
Genome-wide association studies and epigenetic evidence points to genotype–phenotype interactions associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, abnormalities in signaling pathways, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, and circadian rhythm linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in bipolar disorder. Although the literature is constantly increasing, most of the genetic variants proposed as biomarkers ...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Neurostimulation as a treatment for mood disorders in patients: recent findings
Purpose of review
The use of neurostimulation to treat mood disorders dates back to the 1930s. Recent studies have explored various neurostimulation methods aimed at both restoring a healthy brain and reducing adverse effects in patients. The purpose of this review is to explore the most recent hypotheses and clinical studies investigating the effects of stimulating the brain on mood disorders.
Recent findings
Recent work on brain stimulation and mood disorders has focused mainly on three aspects: enhancing efficacy and safety by developing new approaches and protocols, reducing treatment duration and chances of...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Advances in stress and depression research
Purpose of review
Stress plays a central role in the onset and course of depression. However, only a subset of people who encounter stressful life events go on to experience a depressive episode. The current review highlights recent advances in understanding when, why, and for whom the stress-depression link occurs, and we identify avenues for future research.
Recent findings
In the last 18 months, researchers have taken a more nuanced perspective on the biopsychosocial mechanisms critical to the stress–depression link. For example, examination of specific facets of emotion regulation, including emotion regu...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Advances in the gut microbiome and mood disorders
Purpose of review
The gut microbiome is in constant bidirectional communication with the brain through the microbiota-gut-brain-axis. Mood disorders are among the most common psychiatric disorders and include major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. The gut microbiome is altered in individuals with mood disorders and has a role in its inflammatory pathophysiology. In this article, we performed a narrative review of clinical studies, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses addressing advances in gut microbiome research in mood disorders and included articles that were published between 2021 and 2022.
Re...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: Edited by Nikolaj Travica and Wolfgang Marx Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry)
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - December 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Psychotherapeutic interventions for childhood posttraumatic stress disorder: an update
Purpose of the review
We review treatment outcome studies and systematic reviews for childhood and adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) between January 2020 and August 2022, including studies involving younger children and different treatment delivery methods and models. We address predictors, moderators, treatment engagement, and attrition.
Recent findings
Recent randomised controlled trials corroborate earlier trials documenting trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TF-CBT) as a highly efficacious treatment for PTSD. Evidence for treatment effects in complex PTSD in youth is still sparse. Rese...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY: Edited by Richa Bhatia Source Type: research
