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Salvage therapy for prostate cancer recurrence after radiation therapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Radiotherapy has been successful in treating localized prostate cancer; however, a subset of patients will experience disease recurrence. Determination of the recurrence location must be made using pretreatment and posttreatment clinical variables, imaging, and postradiotherapy biopsy. Patients presumed to have local-only recurrence, optimal clinical risk factors, and an extended life expectancy may be considered for salvage local treatment. Current options include salvage surgery, cryoablation, and brachytherapy. Although they are associated with higher morbidity than primary therapy, salvage treat...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - August 25, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Radiation therapy approaches to the treatment of high-risk prostate cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Radiation therapy modalities have been shown to offer patients a nonoperative option for definitive treatment of localized prostate cancer as well as options for adjuvant or salvage therapy in high-risk prostate cancer patients. In patients with high-risk, localized disease, radiation therapy with or without adjuvant hormonal therapy is considered an excellent treatment option because of its efficacy within the prostate and among local periprostatic structures, addressing micrometastatic disease. Following radical prostatectomy in patients with high-risk or recurrent disease, radiotherapy can increa...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - August 25, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Self-management for men with lower urinary tract symptomsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Treatment for men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has developed into a “cascade” that escalates from watchful waiting through medical treatment to surgery. Self-management can help men to adopt lifestyle and behavioral modifications that will avoid or delay an escalation in treatment and reduce symptoms. Although many of these interventions are advised to men with LUTS, it is usually in a nonstand ardized and unsystematic way. Recent work in this area has defined a self-management program for men with uncomplicated LUTS using formal methods and assessed its effectiveness in a randomized...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - August 25, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Dietary patterns, supplement use, and the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  It has long been appreciated that a healthy lifestyle plays a critical role in cardiovascular health. It is now apparent that the same is true in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prospective cohort data originating from recently published randomized trials on the medical treatment of BPH and prevention of prostate cancer have been invaluable. A growing body of evidence suggests that exercise and the intake of specific macronutrients and micronutrients through regular diet play a beneficial role. Most strikingly, the magnitude of these effects is similar to medical therapies usi...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - August 25, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Management of elevated prostate-specific antigen in men with nonbacterial chronic prostatitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the manage ment of patients with elevated serum PSA and a diagnosis of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-009-0018-6Authors Jaspreet S. Sandhu, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center 353 East 68th Street New York NY 10021 USA Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 7 Journal Issue Volume 7, Number 3 / September, 2009 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - August 25, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Phenotypic approach to the management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  There is no one unifying etiological mechanism or specific curative therapy for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). However, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that each of the proposed mechanisms may be important in some patients, and that many of our evaluated treatments do in fact work in subgroups of patients. We hypothesize that CP/CPPS patients are not a homogenous group suffering from a single disease entity. Rather, CP/CPPS patients are actually unique individuals with differing clinical phenotypes based on various etiological mechanisms with distinctive symptom ...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - August 25, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Lower urinary tract symptoms, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and obesityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Obesity has emerged as a global public health challenge. During the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. In 2007, only one state had a prevalence of obesity less than 20%. In this growing epidemic of national concern is an emerging relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and obesity. BPH is the most common neoplastic condition afflicting men and constitutes a major factor impacting the health of the American male. Associations among obesity, physical inactivity, and BPH/LUTS resulting from epidemiolog...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - July 24, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Strategies for repeat prostate biopsiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Urologists are routinely faced with the dilemma of a persistently worrisome clinical picture for prostate cancer in patients who have undergone prior negative ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies. Indications for repeat biopsy include sustained or worsening of the findings that prompted the initial biopsy; various derivations of prostate-specific antigen; and the histology from the initial biopsy (ie, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia or atypical small acinar proliferation is identified). Large prostate volume or inflammation can confound the decision to perform repeat biopsies. Repeat b...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - July 24, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Nonpharmacological approaches for the treatment of urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes in menEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis, or urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS), remains a common and often challenging disorder to evaluate and treat. Employing a more holistic approach, including urological therapy, physical therapy, and psychosocial perspectives, may be more appropriate for most patients. Growing evidence supports the use of biofeedback, myofascial trigger point release, prescribed exercise regimens, relaxation techniques, and supportive counseling to treat men with UCPPS. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-009-0012-zAuthors Jeannette M. Potts, 31200 Pinetree...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - July 24, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Evaluation of chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men: Is it chronic prostatitis?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is not well understood. The mechanisms involved in its pathophysiology have yet to be fully elucidated. Men with CP/CPPS suffer from symptoms that may not necessarily be linked to concurrent prostate involvement. Recent literature embraces the notion that symptoms may result from complex interactions, and studies have looked at other disease syndromes in an attempt to reveal the etiology of the disease. The title of this article suggests an organcentric etiology to explain symptoms of patients with this disorder, but this does not seem to be...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - July 24, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Chemoprevention of prostate cancer: What can be recommended to patients?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides clinicians with information on some chemoprevention agents that have been considered to reduce prostate cancer risks, including 5-α-reductase inhibitors; statins (a class of compounds used to reduce cholesterol); NSAIDs; selenium; vitamins E and D; lycopene; allium vegetables (garlic, scallions, onions, chives, and leeks); soy/isoflavones; and green tea polyphenols. The evidence to support prostate cancer risk reduction benefits for each chemoprevention agent based on a review of the literature is provided. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-009-0008-8Authors Janet L. Colli, Univer...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - July 24, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Primary care physician versus urologist: How does their medical management of LUTS associated with BPH differ?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Medical and surgical therapies for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are based largely on the results from adherence to the 2003 American Urological Association Guidelines. However, with the emergence of medical therapies as first-line treatment and the expansion of medical therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) into the primary care office, the evaluation and management of men presenting with urinary symptoms can vary depending on provider type. This review explains the basis for BPH medical management in primary care with the review of three key studies. In addition, this review utilizes...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - July 24, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

The use of prostate-specific antigen kinetics to stratify risk in prostate cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the use of PSA velocity and PSA doubling time in several clinical scenarios. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-009-0003-0Authors Joseph Presti, Stanford University School of Medicine Urologic Oncology 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Room CC-2217 Stanford CA 94305 USA Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 7 Journal Issue Volume 7, Number 1 / February, 2009 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - February 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Benign prostatic hyperplasia evaluation, association with sexual dysfunction, treatment, and practice patterns according to physician specialtyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Recent evidence has indicated a significant link between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and sexual dysfunction (SD). Patients presenting with lower urinary tracts symptoms (LUTS) secondary to BPH should also be evaluated for comorbid SD, especially given the increasing basic science evidence demonstrating a common pathway for these two conditions. Therapy for BPH may exacerbate SD and should be selected carefully, with current data indicating a role for phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in the treatment of BPH. More long-term data are needed to determine the efficacy of the latest surgical therapie...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - February 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of female sexual functionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical Trials ReportDOI 10.1007/s11918-009-0001-2Authors Kevin T. McVary Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 7 Journal Issue Volume 7, Number 1 / February, 2009 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - February 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Ejaculatory duct dysfunction and chronic pelvic pain syndrome in menEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) describes unexplained pelvic pain in men associated with irritative voiding symptoms, post-orgasmic pain, and/or pain located in the groin, genitalia, or perineum in the absence of bacterial infection. Many different etiologies of CPPS have been proposed, including roles for immunologic, neurologic, endocrine, and psychologic factors. This article examines one such factor—ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO). Because EDO is correctable with relatively minor surgery, it should be considered by any clinician caring for a patient who reports symptoms of CPPS. Cont...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - February 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Watchful waiting versus active surveillance: Appropriate patient selectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening era has seen dramatic stage and age migration in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. The average serum PSA level of newly diagnosed patients is about 6 ng/dL, and 60% of patients are diagnosed with clinical stage T1c disease. There is evidence that many low-grade and low-stage prostate cancers have a slow growth rate and protracted clinical course, with a very low threat of metastasis or death over a prolonged interval. Many men are also appropriately concerned about the impact of prostate cancer treatment on sexual and urinary function. There...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - February 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Contemporary surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia: What do recent trends imply for urology training?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  We are in the midst of a paradigm shift in the surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). After decades of decline, there is a recent surge in the rate of BPH surgeries—largely represented by laser prostatectomy and office-based thermotherapies. In the United States, the number of transurethral resections of the prostate (TURP) continues to decline, now representing a minority of all procedures performed. We reflect on how such changes may affect resident training. We review education models that strive to maintain TURP proficiency amongst urology residents, despite fewer opportuni...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - February 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Phytotherapy in chronic prostatitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome continues to pose a treatment challenge for urologists. Chronic prostatitis is a very common and poorly understood condition with significant impact on quality of life. In recent literature, studies have been conducted with various treatment modalities that include antibiotics, α-blockers, anti-inflammatory agents, and cognitive behavioral interventions such as biofeedback and psychotherapy. Patients have shown interest in phytotherapy as a treatment option with increasing frequency due to lack of efficacy of conventional therapies. However, very lit...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - February 11, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

The impact of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on lower urinary tract symptomsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  The association of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) with advancing age has drawn increased scrutiny over the past decade. Analysis of historical and emerging literature reveals a causal link between these two disease processes, but also raises further questions. Studies showing that phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors improve LUTS offer the strongest evidence of a causal relationship. PDE inhibitors seem to exert a positive effect to a greater degree on detrusor activity rather than directly on the prostate. Four proposed mechanisms attempt to explain the relationship...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 25, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Dietary interventions in prostate cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Our understanding of the relationship between diet and prostate cancer is still developing. Currently, randomized, controlled trials are under way that will yield evidence on which to base recommendations regarding dietary regimens, functional foods, and supplement use. For now, data mostly derive from epidemiologic investigations with limited ability to demonstrate cause and effect, or from benchtop research that may have limited application to in vivo systems, especially in humans. Insufficient evidence currently exists to support the use of specific dietary supplements or functional food. Clinici...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 25, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Urodynamic findings in chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic floor painEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic floor pain are common, bothersome syndromes that nearly half of all American men will encounter in their lifetimes. In addition to pelvic floor pain, men experience various symptoms, including lower urinary tract symptoms, during voiding. Evaluation and classification is based on the National Institutes of Health criteria. Most cases have an inflammatory etiology, and successful identification of treatable cases can be challenging. Evaluation is currently evolving, with many cases requiring nontraditional testing, such as urodynamics. Because voiding dysfunctio...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 25, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Web alertEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0022-2 Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 4 / November, 2008 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 25, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Androgen deprivation therapy and risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in prostate cancer survivorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes the evidence that GnRH agonists increase risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease and reviews the potential mechanisms for treatment-related morbidity. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0023-1Authors Matthew R. Smith, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center Yawkey Center 7038 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 4 / November, 2008 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 25, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Ultrasound findings in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Category III prostatitis, also known as chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), is a common condition of unclear etiology and few validated effective therapies. It is even controversial whether all patients with CPPS have prostatic pathology. Prostatic calcifications/stones are common in older, asymptomatic men but are seen with a high frequency in young men with CPPS. This review examines the current literature on ultrasound findings in men with CPPS and discusses possible implications for etiology and therapy. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0027-xAuthors Alvin WeeDaniel A. Sh...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 25, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

The role of botulinum toxin a in the management of lower urinary tract symptomsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews evidence of BTX-A safety and efficacy in the treatment of LUTS related to BPH. Results are also presented from our first phase 1, dose-escalating study to evaluate the dose-related toxicity of BTX-A to treat LUTS due to BPH. Ultimately, the LUTS-related improvements seen in our study were consistent with earlier published trials using BTX-A to treat LUTS. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0018-yAuthors Al B. Barqawi, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Anschutz Cancer Pavilion Section of Urologic Oncology 1665 North Ursula Street, Suite 1004 PO Box 6510, Mail Stop F-7...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - October 16, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Rationale for statins in the chemoprevention of prostate cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  The potential ability of statin medications to prevent cancer has recently received considerable attention. Of all cancers studied, data for prostate cancer are the most promising. Results from studies examining the association between statin use and reduced risk of prostate cancer have been encouraging, particularly in terms of advanced prostate cancer risk. These findings are supported by a strong foundation of scientific evidence demonstrating the potential cholesterol and non-cholesterol-mediated mechanisms through which statins may prevent prostate cancer. In this article, we analyze recent hum...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - October 16, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Web alertEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0015-1 Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 3 / August, 2008 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - October 16, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Role of radical prostatectomy in the treatment of high-risk prostate cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Controversy remains regarding the preferred therapy for high-risk, clinically localized prostate cancer. High-risk prostate cancer represents a diverse disease entity for which accurate risk assessment is critical to informed counseling and clinical decision making. For men with high-risk features, electing surgery as a local definitive therapy should be based on the best available evidence rather than a surgeon’s bias and experience. Patients classified with high-risk prostate cancer by common definitions do not have a uniformly poor prognosis after radical prostatectomy. Many cancers that are cl...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - October 16, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Reduced intraoperative bleeding during transurethral resection of the prostate: Evaluation of finasteride, vascular endothelial growth factor, and CD34Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Finasteride is an antiandrogen that inhibits 5-α-reductase, an enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Finasteride significantly reduces intraoperative bleeding when 10 mg/d is administered for 60 days before transurethral resection of the prostate. Our double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated 200 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. We compared a placebo group (n = 100) with a group (n = 100) administered 5 mg of finasteride twice a day for 8 weeks. We intended to demonstrate the mechanisms and effect...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - October 16, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Evaluation and treatment of male pelvic pain syndromes and sexual dysfunctionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the evaluation and treatment of MPPS and sexual dysfunction in men. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0020-4Authors Darius A. Paduch, Weill Cornell Medical College Department of Urology 525 East 68th Street, F-924A New York NY 10065 USA Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 3 / August, 2008 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - October 16, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

The role of pelvic floor therapies in chronic pelvic pain syndromesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report defines urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome and examines pelvic muscular tension with associated myofascial trigger point pain. We describe a proposed alternative treatment approach to promote physiotherapy and cognitive-behavioral modification as the foundation of treatment. Options of invasive needleapplied neurologic manipulation are also recounted. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0021-3Authors Rodney U. Anderson, Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Urology, S287 Stanford CA 94305 USA Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - October 16, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Web alertEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0008-0 Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 2 / May, 2008 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - May 31, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

5-α-reductase inhibitor monotherapy for lower urinary tract symptoms following combination therapy with α-blockers: When is one medication enough?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the medical treatment of symptomatic BPH and discusses the rationale, outcome, and withdrawal time of initial α-blockers following combination therapy. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0012-4Authors Ehab A. ElzayatMostafa M. Elhilali, Royal Victoria Hospital, MUHC Urology Division, Department of Surgery 687 Pine Avenue West, Room S6.95 H3A 1A1 Montreal Quebec Canada Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 2 / May, 2008 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - May 31, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

The basic biochemistry and molecular events of hormone therapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Data regarding the molecular response of prostate cancer to hormone therapy continue to emerge, identifying a complex network of autocrine and paracrine signaling events mediating the tumor response to androgen suppression. Emerging data provide insight into cellular pathways important in the apoptotic response to therapy, including the transforming growth factor-β, insulin-like growth factor-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling axes. They also reveal mechanisms of direct antitumor cytotoxicity mediated by various hormonal agents and highlight the importance of developing antiandroge...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - May 31, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Male chronic pelvic pain syndrome: Prevalence, risk factors, treatment patterns, and socioeconomic impactEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Type III prostatitis (chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome) is the most common form of prostatitis, accounting for 8% to 15% of urology outpatient office visits. Symptoms, including pain in the perineum, suprapubic region, testicles, or tip of the penis, are often exacerbated by urination or ejaculation. Currently available therapies have limited effectiveness in alleviating these symptoms. Further, there is an unexplained association between type III prostatitis and other unexplained somatic symptoms. Due to its high prevalence and lack of effective therapies, direct and indirect costs ...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - May 31, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

The spectrum of prostate cancer care: From curative intent to palliationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting men in the developed world. A spectrum of disease states exists and management is tailored to individual patients. Increasing public awareness and prostate-specific antigen testing have led to earlier detection and the possibility of cure but have increased the risk of overtreatment of indolent disease. Advances in curative modalities have reduced side effects and offer patients a choice of treatments. Nonetheless, many need no intervention and may be safely treated with active monitoring. Choice and timing of therapy for locally ad...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - May 31, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Inflammatory mechanisms associated with prostatic inflammation and lower urinary tract symptomsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Inflammation is a common finding in histologic prostate specimens obtained from aging men. Accumulating data suggest that inflammation may play an important role in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and the development and progression of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Inflammatory processes may contribute to prostatic enlargement directly through stimulation of prostate growth, or, alternatively, through decreasing prostatic apoptosis. Inflammatory processes may also impact other components of the urogenital tract, such as the bladder, and contribute to LUTS regardless of ...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - May 31, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Atypical infections of the prostateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Atypical infections of the prostate are infrequently recognized or cultured. However, clinical evidence points to their occult role in the pathogenesis of prostatitis. Atypical infections of the prostate can be caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, fungi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are not classically associated with prostatitis. Increasing evidence suggests that viruses, protozoans, and various zoonoses also play an important role in prostatic infections. Bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA found in patients with chronic prostatitis suggests a bacterial inflamma...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - May 31, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Managing the local complications of locally advanced prostate cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Complications of locally advanced prostate cancer are often overlooked in the overall treatment of prostate cancer, can have significant morbidity, and can provide a challenge for the treating urologist. Despite advances in early detection and treatment of prostate cancer, as many as 10% of patients present with or develop symptomatic locally advanced prostate cancer. Prostate cancer locally invading the urethra can be effectively managed with transurethral resection or ablation procedures or urethral stenting. Obstruction of one or both ureters is managed with either ureteral stenting or nephrostom...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - March 30, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Testosterone replacement therapy and prostate cancer: A Word of CautionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  The number of men for whom testosterone is prescribed is rapidly increasing. The aging man normally demonstrates a gradual decline in testosterone. Symptoms of hypogonadism include erectile dysfunction, diminished libido, sarcopenia, increased adiposity, osteopenia and osteoporosis, impaired cognition, and depression. There is a paucity of data regarding both efficacy and safety of testosterone replacement therapy. Testosterone levels have been shown to modulate prostate cancer risk and progression. A prospective evaluation of prostate cancer risk with testosterone replacement therapy has not been c...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - March 30, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Web alertEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-008-0001-7 Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 1 / February, 2008 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - March 30, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Update on minimally invasive therapy for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Once primary treatment fails, the diverse causes and symptoms of chronic pelvic pain syndrome require clinicians to consider several secondary approaches. Multimodal therapy addresses unique symptoms and targets illness origin. However, once medical modalities fail, minimally invasive therapies should be considered, including transurethral needle ablation hyperthermia, cooled thermotherapy, electromagnetic chair, prostatic massage, and intraprostatic botulinum toxin A injection. Low evidence levels exist for all approaches, but we anticipate promising results of larger trials for cooled thermotherap...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - March 30, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

JM-27: A biomarker for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptomsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  As the average age of the US population increases, the number of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia will also rise. Lower urinary tract symptoms are found in almost all men as they age, yet we do not have a dependable means to detect, classify, and predict potential response to therapy and disease progression. A molecular biomarker, JM-27, may address some of these needs. Serum levels of JM-27 detect disease and differentiate among disease states as classified by the associated symptoms. Although larger validation studies to more extensively characterize this test are under way, current data sugg...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - March 30, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Congenital prostatic abnormalitiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Congenital prostatic abnormalities are not commonly encountered in clinical practice but can provide insight into normal prostatic development. Furthermore, understanding normal prostate embryology and molecular signaling may provide novel approaches to the treatment of prostatic neoplasia. This review examines normal fetal development and congenital pathology of the prostate, including 5-α-reductase deficiency, prostatic ectopia, the prostate in the female pseudohermaphrodite, the prostate in prune belly syndrome, prostatic utricle, and trisomy syndromes. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - March 30, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Vardenafil in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  α-Blockers, the current common treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), are also used to treat bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), but the effect is not as clinically significant as in LUTS. All currently marketed phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors have recently been shown to significantly affect LUTS, although BOO-related efficacy has not been determined. Therefore, the extent of a causal relationship between LUTS and underlying benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) is questionable. LUTS may also be interpreted as symptoms related to detrusor overactivity, especially when no significa...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - March 30, 2008 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Locally ablative therapies for primary radiation failures: A review and critical assessment of the efficacyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  A significant number of men with prostate cancer will experience biochemical failure following treatment with primary radiation therapy. For patients with biopsyproven recurrent cancer confined to the prostate, local salvage therapy may be a potentially curative treatment option. Most men, however, do not undergo local salvage therapy owing to difficulties in diagnosis as well as concerns over treatment-related complications in the salvage setting. Recently, improvements in technique and technology have substantially reduced the morbidity associated with local ablative therapies, resulting in an inc...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 7, 2007 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Prostatitis: Updates on diagnostic evaluationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Prostatitis accounts for almost 2 million office visits to urologists and primary care physicians. The label “prostatitis” refers to a diverse constellation of symptoms and disease processes. The diagnosis and treatment of this disorder present numerous challenges for the physician, including a lack of abnormal findings on physical examination, laboratory tests, and radiographic images. In this article, we offer a review of the current literature and recommendations for the evaluation and diagnosis of the patient presenting with prostatitis. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-007-...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 7, 2007 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Medical therapy versus surgery and minimally invasive surgical therapies for lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia: What makes better economic sense?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective is to provide the clinician with an assessment of peer-reviewed evidence-based data to facilitate informed decision making on patient treatment for obstructive BPH. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11918-007-0023-6Authors Mark D. Stovsky, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Department of Urology 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland OH 44106 USAKatherine RheeDavid Hartke Journal Current Prostate ReportsOnline ISSN 1544-1865Print ISSN 1544-225X Journal Volume Volume 5 Journal Issue Volume 5, Number 4 / November, 2007 (Source: Current Prostate Reports)
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 7, 2007 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals

Prostate cancer and chronic prostatitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract  Prostate cancer and chronic prostatitis are prevalent disorders in men. The cause of prostate cancer and chronic prostatitis is multifocal and diverse. Both disorders exhibit characteristic elevation of serum prostate-specific antigen, currently the primary screening test for prostate cancer. Prostate inflammation, regardless of cause, is the histopathologic hallmark of chronic prostatitis. In general, inflammation is associated with multiple cancers, and prostate inflammation, in particular, is a suggested factor in the development and progression of prostate cancer. This review addresses the link ...
Source: Current Prostate Reports - November 7, 2007 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Current Prostate Reports Source Type: journals