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Molecular and Metabolic Evidence for Mitochondrial Defects Associated With {beta}-Cell Dysfunction in a mouse model of Type 2 Diabetes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: We provide novel evidence for a critical role of defective mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and morphology in the pathology of insulin resistance-induced beta-cell failure. PMID: 19903739 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - November 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lu H, Koshkin V, Allister EM, Gyulkhandanyan AV, Wheeler MB Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

iNKT-cell control of Type-1 Diabetes: a Dendritic Cell Genetic Decision of a Silver Bullet or Russian Roulette.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: This great variability in the interactions between iNKT-cells and DC in two inbred mouse strains should raise a cautionary note about considering manipulation of this axis as a potential T1D prevention therapy in genetically heterogeneous humans. PMID: 19903740 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - November 10, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Driver JP, Scheuplein F, Chen YG, Grier AE, Wilson SB, Serreze DV Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Insulin glargine controversy: a tribute to the editorial team at Diabetologia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19875618 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Butler PC Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Metabolomics applied to diabetes research: moving from information to knowledge.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19875619 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Bain JR, Stevens RD, Wenner BR, Ilkayeva O, Muoio DM, Newgard CB Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Novel insights into the etiology of diabetes from genome-wide association studies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19875620 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Palmer CN Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Coronary artery calcium: a clue to the enigma of tight glycemic control and cardiovascular disease?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19875621 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Bertoni AG, Kitzman DW Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Cleavage of protein kinase D after acute hypoinsulinemia prevents excessive lipoprotein lipase-mediated cardiac triglyceride accumulation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS After severe hypoinsulinemia, activation of caspase-3 can restrict LPL translocation to the vascular lumen. When caspase-3 is inhibited, this compensatory response is lost, leading to lipid accumulation in the heart. PMID: 19875622 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 31, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kim MS, Wang F, Puthanveetil P, Kewalramani G, Innis S, Marzban L, Steinberg SF, Webber TD, Kieffer TJ, Abrahani A, Rodrigues B Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Remodeling of Retinal Fatty Acids in an Animal Model of Diabetes: a Decrease in Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids is Associated with a Decrease in Fatty Acid Elongases Elovl2 and Elovl4.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive study demonstrating diabetes-induced changes in retinal FA metabolism. Normalization of retinal FA levels by dietary means or/and modulating expression of elongases could represent a potential therapeutic target for diabetes-induced retinal inflammation. PMID: 19875612 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tikhonenko M, Lydic TA, Wang Y, Chen W, Opreanu M, Sochacki A, McSorley KM, Renis RL, Kern T, Jump DB, Reid GE, Busik JV Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Defects in IL-2R signaling contribute to diminished maintenance of FOXP3 expression in CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells of T1D subjects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Aberrant IL-2R signaling in CD4(+) T cells of T1D subjects contributes to decreased persistence of FOXP3 expression that may impact establishment of tolerance. These findings suggest novel targets for treatment of T1D within the IL-2R pathway and suggest that an altered IL-2R signaling signature may be a biomarker for T1D. PMID: 19875613 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Long SA, Cerosaletti K, Bollyky PL, Tatum M, Shilling H, Zhang S, Zhang ZY, Pihoker C, Sanda S, Greenbaum C, Buckner JH Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

A genome-wide association study identifies a novel major locus for glycemic control in type 1 diabetes, as measured by both HbA1c and glucose.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: A major locus for HbA1c and glucose in individuals with diabetes is near SORCS1. This may influence the design and analysis of genetic studies attempting to identify risk factors for long-term diabetic complications. PMID: 19875614 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Paterson AD, Waggott D, Boright AP, Hosseini SM, Shen E, Sylvestre MP, Wong I, Bharaj B, Cleary PA, Lachin JM, , Below JE, Nicolae D, Cox NJ, Canty AJ, Sun L, Bull SB, Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Lack of TXNIP protects against mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, but not against fatty acid-induced, ER-stress-mediated beta cell death.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that unlike glucose, fatty acids do not induce beta-cell expression of pro-apoptotic TXNIP. They further reveal that TXNIP deficiency specifically inhibits the mitochondrial death pathway underlying beta-cell glucotoxicity, whereas it has very little protective effects against ER-stress-mediated lipoapoptosis. PMID: 19875615 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chen J, Fontes G, Saxena G, Poitout V, Shalev A Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Maternal age at birth and childhood type 1 diabetes: a pooled analysis of 30 observational studies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions There was evidence of a weak but significant linear increase in the risk of childhood type 1 diabetes across the range of maternal ages, but the magnitude of association varied between studies. A very small percentage of the increase in the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes in recent years could be explained by increases in maternal age. PMID: 19875616 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Cardwell CR, Stene LC, Joner G, Bulsara MK, Cinek O, Rosenbauer J, Ludvigsson J, Jané M, Svensson J, Goldacre MJ, Waldhoer T, Jarosz-Chobot P, Gimeno SG, Chuang LM, Parslow RC, Wadsworth EJ, Chetwynd A, Pozzilli P, Brigis G, Urbonaite B, Sipetic S, S Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

GADA positivity predicts non-insulin dependent diabetes in an adult population.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions GADA positivity clusters in families with type 1 diabetes or LADA. GADA positivity predicts diabetes independently of family history of diabetes and this risk was further increased with high GADA concentrations. PMID: 19864397 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 28, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lundgren VM, Isomaa B, Lyssenko V, Laurila E, Korhonen P, Groop LC, Tuomi T, Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Insulin causes hyperthermia by direct inhibition of warm sensitive neurons.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that insulin can directly modulate hypothalamic neurons that regulate thermogenesis and CBT and indicate that insulin plays an important role in coupling metabolism and thermoregulation at the level of anterior hypothalamus. PMID: 19846801 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 20, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sanchez-Alavez M, Tabarean IV, Osborn O, Mitsukawa K, Schaefer J, Dubins J, Holmberg KH, Klein I, Klaus J, Gomez LF, Kolb H, Secrest J, Jochems J, Myashiro K, Buckley P, Hadcock JR, Eberwine J, Conti B, Bartfai T Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Adipocyte turnover: relevance to human adipose tissue morphology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Adipose tissue morphology correlates with insulin measures and is linked to the total adipocyte number independently of gender and the body fat level. Low generation rates of adipocytes associate with adipose tissue hypertrophy whereas high rates associate with adipose hyperplasia. PMID: 19846802 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 20, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Arner E, Westermark PO, Spalding KL, Britton T, Rydén M, Frisén J, Bernard S, Arner P Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Chronic maternal dietary chromium restriction modulates visceral adiposity: probable underlying mechanisms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- Chronic maternal chromium restriction increased body adiposity probably due to increased stress and altered lipid metabolism in WNIN rat offspring, which may predispose them to obesity and associated diseases in their later life. PMID: 19846803 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 20, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Padmavathi IJ, Rao KR, Venu L, Ganeshan M, Kumar KA, Rao CN, Harishankar N, Ismail A, Raghunath M Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Proteomics Analysis of Human Skeletal Muscle Reveals Novel Abnormalities in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. The results confirm the reduction in mitochondrial proteins in insulin resistant muscle and suggest that changes in muscle structure, protein degradation and folding also characterize insulin resistance. PMID: 19833877 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hwang H, Bowen BP, Lefort N, Flynn CR, De Filippis EA, Roberts C, Smoke CC, Meyer C, Højlund K, Yi Z, Mandarino LJ Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Chronic peripheral hyperinsulinemia in type 1 diabetic patients after successful combined pancreas kidney transplantation does not affect ectopic lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle and liver.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. Despite fasting peripheral hyperinsulinemia because of systemic venous drainage, T1DM after PKT show similar IHCL, IMCL, insulin sensitivity and fasting EGP in comparison to non-diabetic controls. These results suggest that systemic hyperinsulinemia per se does not cause ectopic lipid accumulation in liver and skeletal muscle. PMID: 19833878 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Stadler M, Anderwald C, Pacini G, Zbyn S, Promintzer-Schifferl M, Mandl M, Bischof M, Gruber S, Nowotny P, Luger A, Prager R, Krebs M Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Complement Factor H is expressed in adipose tissue in association with insulin resistance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Increased circulating fH and fB concentrations in subjects with altered glucose tolerance could reflect increased SVC-induced activation of the alternative pathway of complement in omental adipose tissue linked to insulin resistance and metabolic disturbances. PMID: 19833879 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Moreno-Navarrete JM, Martínez-Barricarte R, Catalán V, Sabater M, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Ortega FJ, Ricart W, Blüher M, Frühbeck G, de Cordoba SR, Fernández-Real MJ Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

A high-throughput assay for modulators of mitochondrial membrane potential identifies a novel compound with beneficial effects on db/db mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion- Our results demonstrate a novel small molecule which mildly depolarizes Deltapsim, is able to improve glucose and lipid metabolism to exert beneficial effects for metabolic syndrome. These findings suggest that compounds regulating mitochondrial function may have therapeutic potential for type 2 diabetes. PMID: 19833880 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Qiu BY, Turner N, Li YY, Gu M, Huang MW, Wu F, Pang T, Nan FJ, Ye JM, Li JY, Li J Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Age at onset of type 1 diabetes in parents and recurrence risk in offspring.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions - Type 1 diabetes transmission ratio distortion is strongly related to the sex and age at onset of diabetes in the diabetic parents. PMID: 19833881 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Harjutsalo V, Lammi N, Karvonen M, Groop PH Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

ChREBP is a Negative Regulator of ARNT/HIF-1{beta} Gene Expression in Pancreatic Islet {beta}-Cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that ChREBP acts as a novel repressor of the ARNT/HIF-1beta gene and might contribute to beta cell dysfunction induced by glucotoxicity. PMID: 19833882 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Noordeen NA, Khera TK, Sun G, Longbottom ER, Pullen TJ, da Silva Xavier G, Rutter GA, Leclerc I Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Absence of p53-dependent apoptosis combined with nonhomologous end-joining deficiency leads to a severe diabetic phenotype in mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- Combined DSBs with an absence of p53-dependent apoptosis activates p53-dependent senescence, which leads to a diminished beta-cell self-replication, massive depletion of the pancreatic islets and severe diabetes. This is a model that connects impaired DNA repair and accumulative DNA damage, a common phenotype in ageing individuals, to the onset of diabetes. PMID: 19833883 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tavana O, Puebla-Osorio N, Sang M, Zhu C Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Gestational diabetes resulting from impaired {beta}-cell compensation in the absence of FoxM1, a novel downstream effector of placental lactogen.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: FoxM1 is essential for beta-cell compensation during pregnancy. In the absence of increased beta-cell proliferation, neogenesis is induced in postpartum FoxM1(Deltapanc) pancreata. Our results suggest that FoxM1 functions downstream of PL to mediate its effects on beta-cell proliferation. PMID: 19833884 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Zhang H, Zhang J, Pope CF, Crawford LA, Vasavada RC, Jagasia SM, Gannon M Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Age, obesity, and sex effects on insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- The results demonstrate that age-related reductions in insulin sensitivity are likely due to an age-related increase in adiposity rather than a consequence of advanced chronological age. The results also indicate that age-related decrease in muscle mitochondrial function is neither related to adiposity or insulin sensitivity. Of interest, a higher mitochondrial ATP production capacity was noted in the men, whereas the women were more insulin sensitive demonstrating further dissociation between insulin sensitivity and muscle mitochondrial function. PMID: 19833885 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Karakelides H, Irving BA, Short KR, O'Brien P, Nair KS Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Nephrin is expressed on the surface of insulin vesicles and facilitates glucose stimulated insulin release.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. Our data suggest that nephrin is an active component of insulin vesicle machinery that may affect vesicle-actin interaction and mobilization to the plasma membrane. Development of drugs targeting nephrin may represent a novel approach to treat diabetes. PMID: 19833886 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Fornoni A, Jeon J, Santos JV, Cobianchi L, Jauregui A, Inverardi L, Mandic SA, Bark C, Johnson K, McNamara G, Pileggi A, Molano RD, Reiser J, Tryggvason K, Kerjaschki D, Berggren PO, Mundel P, Ricordi C Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

The Idd9.1 locus controls the suppressive activity of FoxP3+CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T-cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: A gene(s) within Idd9.1 regulates the development and function of FoxP3+CD4+CD25+ Treg cells and, in turn, the activation of CD8+ effector T-cells in the pancreas draining lymph nodes, without affecting their development or intrinsic diabetogenic potential. PMID: 19833887 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yamanouchi J, Puertas MC, Verdaguer J, Lyons PA, Rainbow DB, Chamberlain G, Hunter KM, Peterson LB, Wicker LS, Santamaria P Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Gene variants in the novel type 2 diabetes loci CDC123/CAMK1D, THADA, ADAMTS9, BCL11A and MTNR1B affect different aspects of pancreatic beta cell function.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions - Diabetes risk alleles in CDC123/CAMK1D, THADA, ADAMTS9, BCL11A and MTNR1B are associated with various specific aspects of beta cell function. These findings point to a clear diversity in the impact that these different gene variants may have on (dys-)function of pancreatic beta cells. PMID: 19833888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Simonis-Bik AM, Nijpels G, van Haeften TW, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Boomsma DI, Reiling E, van Hove EC, Diamant M, Kramer MH, Heine RJ, Maassen JA, Slagboom PE, Willemsen G, Dekker JM, Eekhoff EM, de Geus EJ, 't Hart LM Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Genetic heterogeneity in latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) is linked to a varying degree of autoimmune activity. Results from the Nord-Trondelag Health Study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Genetic heterogeneity in LADA is linked to a varying degree of autoimmune activity and may be partly distinct from both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. PMID: 19833889 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Pettersen E, Skorpen F, Kvaløy K, Midthjell K, Grill V Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Leucine deprivation decreases fat mass by stimulation of lipolysis in WAT and upregulation of UCP1 in BAT.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- We show for the first time that elimination of dietary leucine produces significant metabolic changes in WAT and BAT. The effect of leucine deprivation on UCP1 expression is a novel and unexpected observation and suggests that the observed increase in energy expenditure may reflect an increase in thermogenesis in BAT. Further investigation will be required to determine the relative contribution of UCP1 upregulation and thermogenesis in BAT to leucine deprivation-stimulated fat loss. PMID: 19833890 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Cheng Y, Meng Q, Wang C, Li H, Huang Z, Chen S, Xiao F, Guo F Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Insulin Resistance is Associated with Higher Intramyocellular Triglycerides in Type I but not Type II Myocytes Concomitant with Higher Ceramide Content.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- Human skeletal muscle insulin resistance is related to greater IMTG content in type I, but not type II myocytes, to greater ceramide content, and to alterations in gene expression associated with lipid metabolism. PMID: 19833891 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Coen PM, Dubé JJ, Amati F, Stefanovic-Racic M, Ferrell RE, Toledo FG, Goodpaster BH Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Prevalence of loss of function FTO mutations in lean and obese individuals.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. - Heterozygous, loss-of-function mutations in FTO exist but are found in both lean and obese subjects. While intron 1 SNPs are unequivocally associated with obesity in multiple populations and murine studies strongly suggest that FTO has a role in energy balance, it appears that loss of one functional copy of FTO in humans is compatible with being either lean or obese. Functional analyses of FTO mutations have given novel insights into structure-function relationships in this enzyme. PMID: 19833892 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Meyre D, Proulx K, Kawagoe-Takaki H, Vatin V, Gutiérrez-Aguilar R, Lyon D, Ma M, Choquet H, Horber F, Van Hul W, Van Gaal L, Balkau B, Visvikis-Siest S, Pattou F, Farooqi IS, Saudek V, O'Rahilly S, Froguel P, Sedgwick B, Yeo GS Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Sympathetic neural adaptation to hypocaloric diet with or without exercise training in obese metabolic syndrome subjects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- The addition of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training to a weight loss program does not confer additional benefits on resting SNS activity. This suggests that weight loss is the prime mover in sympathetic neural adaptation to a hypocaloric diet. PMID: 19833893 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Straznicky NE, Lambert EA, Nestel PJ, McGrane MT, Dawood T, Schlaich MP, Masuo K, Eikelis N, de Courten B, Mariani JA, Esler MD, Socratous F, Chopra R, Sari CI, Paul E, Lambert GW Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Adiposity, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Vitamin D Status: the Framingham Heart Study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Vitamin D status is strongly associated with variation in subcutaneous and especially visceral adiposity. The mechanisms by which adiposity promotes vitamin D deficiency warrant further study. PMID: 19833894 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Cheng S, Massaro JM, Fox CS, Larson MG, Keyes MJ, McCabe EL, Robins SJ, O'Donnell CJ, Hoffmann U, Jacques PF, Booth SL, Vasan RS, Wolf M, Wang TJ Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Hippocampal Volumes in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Enlargement of the hippocampus may reflect a pathological reaction to hypoglycemia during brain development, such as gliosis, reactive neurogenesis or disruption of normal developmental pruning. PMID: 19833895 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hershey T, Perantie DC, Wu J, Weaver PM, Black KJ, White NH Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Low Muscle Glycogen and Elevated Plasma FFA Modify but does not Prevent Exercise-induced PDH Activation in Human Skeletal Muscle.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Muscle glycogen and plasma FFA attenuate exercise-induced PDH regulation in human skeletal muscle in a non-additive manner. This might be through regulation of PDK4 expression. The activation of PDH by exercise independent of changes in muscle glycogen or plasma FFA suggests that exercise overrules FFA-mediated inhibition of PDH (i.e. carbohydrate oxidation), and this may thus be one mechanism behind health promoting effects of exercise. PMID: 19833896 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kiilerich K, Gudmundsson M, Birk JB, Lundby C, Taudorf S, Plomgaard P, Saltin B, Pedersen PA, Wojtaszewski JF, Pilegaard H Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Hyperglycemia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Increase Expression of RAGE and RAGE Ligands.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions - These results show that hyperglycemia-induced ROS production increases expression of RAGE and RAGE ligands. This effect is mediated by ROS-induced methylglyoxal, the major substrate of glyoxalase 1. PMID: 19833897 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 14, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yao D, Brownlee M Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Over-expression of kinase negative protein kinase C{delta} in pancreatic {beta}-cells protects mice from diet-induced glucose intolerance and {beta}-cell dysfunction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- Over-expression of PKCdeltaKN in beta-cells protects from HFD-induced beta-cell failure in vivo by a mechanism that involves inhibition of fatty acid-mediated apoptosis, inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of FoxO1 activation. PMID: 19826167 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 12, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hennige AM, Ranta F, Heinzelmann I, Düfer M, Michael D, Braumüller H, Lutz SZ, Lammers R, Drews G, Bosch F, Häring HU, Ullrich S Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

A Combined Risk Allele Score of Eight Type 2 Diabetes Genes Is Associated With Reduced First Phase Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion During Hyperglycemic Clamps.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- A combined risk allele score for eight known beta cell genes is associated with the rapid 1(st) phase GSIS and the disposition index. The slower 2(nd) phase GSIS, GLP-1 and arginine stimulated insulin secretion are not associated suggesting that especially processes involved in rapid granule recruitment and exocytosis are affected in the majority of risk loci. PMID: 19808892 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: 't Hart LM, Simonis-Bik AM, Nijpels G, van Haeften TW, Schäfer SA, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Boomsma DI, Groenewoud MJ, Reiling E, van Hove EC, Diamant M, Kramer MH, Heine RJ, Maassen JA, Kirchhoff K, Machicao F, Häring HU, Slagboom PE, Willemsen Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

KATP channel mediates the zinc switch-off signal for glucagon response during glucose deprivation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions - These data demonstrate that closure of K(ATP) channels and consequent opening of calcium channels is the mechanism through which the zinc switch-off signal triggers glucagon secretion during glucose deprivation. PMID: 19808893 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Slucca M, Harmon JS, Oseid EA, Bryan J, Robertson RP Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

The Tpl2 kinase is up-regulated in adipose tissue in obesity and may mediate IL-1{beta} and TNF-{alpha} effects on ERK activation and lipolysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Tpl2 is selectively involved in inflammatory cytokines-induced ERK1/2 activation in adipocytes and is implicated in their deleterious effects on adipocytes functions. The deregulated expression of Tpl2 in adipose tissue suggests that Tpl2 may be a new actor in adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. PMID: 19808894 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Jager J, Grémeaux T, Gonzalez T, Bonnafous S, Debard C, Laville M, Vidal H, Tran A, Gual P, Le Marchand-Brustel Y, Cormont M, Tanti JF Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Attenuated Purinergic Receptor Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: The vasodilatatory effect of the purinergic system is severely reduced in type 2 diabetic patients. The potency of nucleotides varies with the following rank order: UTP>ATP>>>ADO. This is not due to alterations in receptor distribution and mRNA expression, but may be due to differences in receptor sensitivity. PMID: 19808895 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Thaning P, Bune LT, Hellsten Y, Pilegaard H, Saltin B, Rosenmeier JB Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Grp78 Heterozygosity Promotes Adaptive Unfolded Protein Response and Attenuates Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- HFD-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes are improved in Grp78+/- mice. Adaptive UPR in WAT could contribute to this improvement, linking ER homeostasis to energy balance and glucose metabolism. PMID: 19808896 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ye R, Jung DY, Jun JY, Li J, Luo S, Ko HJ, Kim JK, Lee AS Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Adaptive Cerebral Neovascularization in a Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Relevance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions- The augmented neovascularization in GK model includes both angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. While adaptive arteriogenesis of the pial vessels and angiogenesis at the capillary level may contribute to smaller infarction, changes in the tight junction proteins may lead to the greater edema following cerebral ischemia in diabetes. PMID: 19808897 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - October 5, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Li W, Prakash R, Kelly-Cobbs AI, Ogbi S, Kozak A, El-Remessy AB, Schreihofer DA, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

2009 Presidential Address: mentoring ... touching the future.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19794072 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - September 30, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Robertson RP Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Application of isotopic techniques using constant specific activity or enrichment to the study of carbohydrate metabolism.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19794073 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - September 30, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Vella A, Rizza RA Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Current advances and travails in islet transplantation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19794074 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - September 30, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Harlan DM, Kenyon NS, Korsgren O, Roep BO, Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Linking fatty acid stress to beta-cell mitochondrial dynamics.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19794075 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - September 30, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wiederkehr A, Wollheim CB Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Pretransplant immune parameters associate with islet allograft outcome: implications for transplant strategy?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19794076 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - September 30, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kenyon NS, Ricordi C Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals

Experimental Endotoxemia Induces Adipose Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Humans.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: We demonstrate, for the first time in humans, that acute inflammation induces systemic IR following modulation of specific adipose inflammatory and insulin signaling pathways. It also provides a rationale for focused mechanistic studies and a model for human proof-of-concept trials of novel therapeutics targeting adipose inflammation in IR and related consequences in humans. PMID: 19794059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes)
Source: Diabetes - September 29, 2009 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Mehta NN, McGillicuddy FC, Anderson PD, Hinkle CC, Shah R, Pruscino L, Tabita-Martinez J, Sellers KF, Rickels MR, Reilly MP Tags: Diabetes Source Type: journals