A case of insulinoma misidentified as schizophrenia due to its manifestation in neuropsychiatric symptoms
AbstractInsulinomas can present with neuroglycopenic symptoms suggesting neuropsychiatric disorders, delaying diagnosis and treatment. We recently treated a 65-year-old woman with insulinoma who was misdiagnosed at her nearby psychiatric clinic as having schizophrenia because of personality changes and memory impairment; she was treated with brexpiprazole, which was discontinued due to persistence of the symptoms. Despite her relatively low casual plasma glucose (70 mg/dL), the physician at the psychiatric clinic did not investigate the possibility of hypoglycemia, partly because her HbA1c level (5.2%) was within normal ...
Source: Diabetology International - April 21, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related type 1 diabetes mellitus which develops long after treatment discontinuation: a case report and review of literature
AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related type 1 diabetes is an immune-related adverse event (irAE), occurring in slightly less than 1% of patients undergoing ICI therapy. Most cases develop during ICI treatment, with occurrences long after discontinuation being extremely rare. A 76-year-old woman, with no history of glucose tolerance issues, was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma with pleural invasion and underwent chemotherapy, including atezolizumab, an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 antibody. This treatment was discontinued due to disease progression, although she continued with other chemotherapy regimens. App...
Source: Diabetology International - April 18, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Uric acid is associated with type 2 diabetes: data mining approaches
ConclusionThere was a significant association between hypertension and dyslipidemia history, TG, Uric acid, and hs-CRP with T2D development, along with age, WC, and blood pressure through the LR and DT methods.Graphical abstract (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 16, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Patients with diabetes and obesity exhibit characteristics in eating and coping behaviors and personality traits
ConclusionsThese results suggest that there are some characteristics in eating and coping behaviors and some personality traits between obese and non-obese patients with diabetes. Treatment based on such characteristics may be useful for patients with diabetes and obesity. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 16, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
A case of congenital hyperinsulinism presenting with diabetes after long-term diazoxide therapy
AbstractCongenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is the most common form of persistent hypoglycemia in infants, and diazoxide is the most widely used drug for its treatment. Diazoxide suppresses insulin secretion and attenuates hypoglycemia by binding to sulfonylurea receptor 1 and activating KATP channels. While the short-term side effects of this drug, such as edema and blood cell abnormalities, are well known, the clinical course after its long-term oral administration remains unclear. Furthermore, there are currently no case reports clearly demonstrating a causal relationship between diazoxide and impaired glucose tolerance. W...
Source: Diabetology International - April 16, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Glycemic control of once-weekly and other administration frequencies for DPP-4 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes: a real-world retrospective cohort study
ConclusionIn this study under real-world conditions, glycemic control for the DPP-4i QW regimen was similar to that for QD and BID. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 13, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the achievement of guideline targets for HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol in people with diabetes in Japan
ConclusionsThe rates of achieving therapeutic targets for HbA1c and BP have not been high enough in people with DM, and the rates were further reduced by lifestyle changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although there has been a trend toward improvement with the lifting of behavioral restrictions, more intensified treatment is necessary to achieve good control. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 8, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Identification of herbal drug extracts that promote growth of Akkermansia muciniphila in high-fat diet fed mice
In this study, we screened herbal drug extracts that promoted the growth ofA.muciniphila. Among the 123 herbal drugs, five herbal drug extracts significantly increasedA.muciniphila DNA levels compared with that in controls. In particular, Dioscoreae rhizoma extract increased the growth ofA.muciniphila in the intestines of mice fed a high-fat diet and improved obesity. It significantly reduced body weight gain, improved glucose tolerance even when the administration was initiated after the induction of dietary obesity. These results suggest that herbal drug extracts, such as Dioscoreae rhizome, that increaseA.muciniphila co...
Source: Diabetology International - April 6, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Effects of dulaglutide and trelagliptin on beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled study: DUET-beta study
ConclusionDulaglutide and trelagliptin had similar effects on beta-cell function according to the glucagon stimulation test-based disposition index. However, dulaglutide promoted improved HOMA2-% β levels compared to trelagliptin and body fat mass was reduced without loss of skeletal muscle mass (UMIN-CTR 000024164). (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 3, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Comparison of medication persistence and adherence in type 2 diabetes using a once-weekly regimen of DPP-4 inhibitor compared with once-daily and twice-daily regimens: a retrospective cohort study of Japanese health insurance claims data
ConclusionsThe 12-month medication persistence rates were highest for QD, followed by QW and then BID. Adherence was similar for all three regimens. Medication persistence for DPP-4i may be improved by tailoring regimens to patient characteristics and needs. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 3, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Impact of health practice index and cardiovascular health metrics on incident cardiovascular disease according to glucose tolerance status
ConclusionsIn diabetes, ideal lifestyle practices alone were insufficient for primary prevention of CVD but had a greater impact on primary prevention of CVD in prediabetes. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 2, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Frequency and determinants of lipid management target achievement in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes
ConclusionsLow achievement rate of revised lipid management targets for ASCVD primary prevention in T2DM was unveiled. Assessing comorbidities, encouraging smoking cessation, and prioritizing statin use are considered. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 2, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
A case of diabetic ketoacidosis with prurigo pigmentosa as a dermadrome
AbstractHyperketonemia is a risk factor for prurigo pigmentosa; therefore, diabetic ketosis and ketoacidosis as background diseases are more frequent in prurigo pigmentosa. However, it is underrecognized by clinicians and easily missed. Herein, we present a case of diabetic ketoacidosis in which prurigo pigmentosa was recognized as a dermadrome. A 37-year-old woman with no medical history presented with thirst, polydipsia, and polyuria approximately 1 month prior to transport. and a pruritic skin rash on both shoulders 1 week later. After no diagnosis by a local dermatologist, the patient was diagnosed with diabetic ketoac...
Source: Diabetology International - April 1, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
A sensor-augmented pump with a predictive low-glucose suspend system could lead to an optimal time in target range during pregnancy in Japanese women with type 1 diabetes
ConclusionSAP with PLGS was safely and effectively used in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes to achieve target glucose levels without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia, which may have led to good neonatal outcomes. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - March 30, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Advances in the clinical measurement of glucagon: from diagnosis to therapy
AbstractGlucagon has many functions: it promotes glucose production, fatty acid oxidation, thermogenesis, energy consumption, lipolysis, and myocardial contraction, and suppresses lipogenesis, appetite, and gastrointestinal motility. Which of these functions are physiological and which are pharmacological is not fully understood. Although the Mercodia sandwich ELISA provides significantly higher specificity of glucagon measurement than does conventional competitive RIA, it cannot provide accurate plasma glucagon values in the presence of elevated cross-reacting plasma glicentin. This occurs in patients post-pancreatectomy ...
Source: Diabetology International - March 27, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
